JP7340483B2 - 船外機のシフト装置 - Google Patents
船外機のシフト装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7340483B2 JP7340483B2 JP2020048643A JP2020048643A JP7340483B2 JP 7340483 B2 JP7340483 B2 JP 7340483B2 JP 2020048643 A JP2020048643 A JP 2020048643A JP 2020048643 A JP2020048643 A JP 2020048643A JP 7340483 B2 JP7340483 B2 JP 7340483B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H20/00—Outboard propulsion units, e.g. outboard motors or Z-drives; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H20/14—Transmission between propulsion power unit and propulsion element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D11/14—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable only axially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/04—Ratio selector apparatus
- F16H59/044—Ratio selector apparatus consisting of electrical switches or sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
- F16H61/0246—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by initiating reverse gearshift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
- F16H61/0248—Control units where shifting is directly initiated by the driver, e.g. semi-automatic transmissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/2807—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted using electric control signals for shift actuators, e.g. electro-hydraulic control therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
- B63H2021/216—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels using electric control means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D11/08—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts actuated by moving a non-rotating part axially
- F16D11/10—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts actuated by moving a non-rotating part axially with clutching members movable only axially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
- F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
- F16D21/04—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways with a shaft carrying a number of rotatable transmission members, e.g. gears, each of which can be connected to the shaft by a clutching member or members between the shaft and the hub of the transmission member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
- F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
- F16D2500/104—Clutch
- F16D2500/10443—Clutch type
- F16D2500/10462—Dog-type clutch
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D48/00—External control of clutches
- F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H2061/0485—Smoothing ratio shift during range shift from neutral (N) to reverse (R)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2306/00—Shifting
- F16H2306/20—Timing of gear shifts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2306/00—Shifting
- F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
- F16H2306/50—Coupling of new gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/14—Gearings for reversal only
- F16H3/145—Gearings for reversal only with a pair of coaxial bevel gears, rotatable in opposite directions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/3013—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanism being characterised by linkages converting movement, e.g. into opposite direction by a pivoting lever linking two shift rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/302—Final output mechanisms for reversing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Description
図1に示されるように、船外機1は、ユーザ(操作者)の操作に応じて船体Sを推進させるべく、船体Sの後尾に取り付けられている。船外機1は、スイベル軸3を中心に左右に揺動可能に設けられ、且つ、チルト軸4を中心に上下に傾動可能に設けられている。
ユーザが操作装置57のシフトレバー58を操作すると、このシフトレバー58の操作に応じた電気信号が操作装置57から制御装置28に送信される。制御装置28は、操作装置57からの電気信号に応じてシフトロッド43の移動を制御する。つまり、本実施形態に係るシフト装置10は、シフト・バイ・ワイヤ方式のシフト装置である。
エンジン7が駆動すると、エンジン7のクランク軸18が回転する。クランク軸18の回転は、駆動軸8を介して前進ギア30及び後進ギア31に伝達され、前進ギア30と後進ギア31が互いに逆方向に回転する。
図4を参照して、シフトロッド43は、ストッパー位置Sfとストッパー位置Srとの間で前後方向に移動可能に設けられている。ストッパー位置Sfは、シフトロッド43が前側ストッパー(図示せず)に突き当たる位置、すなわち、シフトロッド43が前方に最大限移動した位置である。ストッパー位置Srは、シフトロッド43が後側ストッパー(図示せず)に突き当たる位置、すなわち、シフトロッド43が後方に最大限移動した位置である。
図6に示されるように、制御装置28は、中立基準位置Nと噛合基準位置Bfとの間に中間目標位置E1を設定している。本実施形態では、中間目標位置E1は、クラッチギア32と前進ギア30との噛み合いが開始される直前の位置である。同様に、制御装置28は、中立基準位置Nと噛合基準位置Brとの間に中間目標位置E1(図示せず)を設定している。制御装置28は、噛合基準位置Bfとストッパー位置Sfとの間に、噛合目標位置E2を設定している。
以上のように、シフトロッド43が中立基準位置Nから噛合基準位置Bfまで移動する場合に、制御装置28は、シフトロッド43が中間目標位置E1から噛合基準位置Bfまで移動する目標速度を、シフトロッド43が中立基準位置Nから中間目標位置E1まで移動する目標速度よりも遅くしている。そのため、中立基準位置Nから中間目標位置E1まではシフトロッド43を素早く移動させつつ、中間目標位置E1から噛合基準位置Bfまではシフトロッド43をゆっくりと移動させることができる。これに伴って、シフトロッド43を適切な位置で停止させ、クラッチギア32と前進ギア30とを適切な噛み合い幅で噛み合わせることができる。
図4に示されるように、制御装置28は、噛合開始位置Afと噛合基準位置Bfとの間に噛合保持位置Dfを設定している。制御装置28は、噛合開始位置Arと噛合基準位置Brとの間に噛合保持位置Drを設定している。
10 :シフト装置
28 :制御装置
30 :前進ギア
31 :後進ギア
32 :クラッチギア
33 :シフトスライダ
43 :シフトロッド(シフトアクチュエータの一例)
44 :シフトセンサ
45 :シフトモータ
46 :リンク機構
57 :操作装置
Claims (10)
- 船外機のシフト装置であって、
互いに対向して配置される前進ギア及び後進ギアと、
前記前進ギアと前記後進ギアとの間に配置されるクラッチギアと、
前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア及び前記後進ギアとの噛み合いを解除する中立基準位置と、前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア又は前記後進ギアとを噛み合わせる噛合基準位置との間で移動可能なシフトアクチュエータと、
前記シフトアクチュエータの移動を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記中立基準位置と前記噛合基準位置との間に中間目標位置を設定し、且つ、前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中間目標位置から前記噛合基準位置まで移動する速度を前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中立基準位置から前記中間目標位置まで移動する速度よりも遅くすることを特徴とする船外機のシフト装置。 - 前記中間目標位置は、前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア又は前記後進ギアとの噛み合いが開始される位置であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
- 前記中間目標位置は、前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア又は前記後進ギアとの噛み合いが開始される直前の位置であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
- 前記シフトアクチュエータの位置を直接的に検出するシフトセンサを更に備え、
前記制御装置は、前記シフトセンサからの信号に基づいて前記シフトアクチュエータの位置を特定することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の船外機のシフト装置。 - 前記噛合基準位置は、前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア又は前記後進ギアとの噛み合い幅が最大となる位置であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
- 前記クラッチギアに連結されるシフトスライダと、
前記シフトアクチュエータと前記シフトスライダとを接続するリンク機構とを更に備え、
前記制御装置は、前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中立基準位置から前記噛合基準位置まで移動した後、前記リンク機構のたわみ量に相当する長さだけ、前記シフトアクチュエータの移動を継続させることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の船外機のシフト装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記クラッチギアと前記前進ギア又は前記後進ギアとの噛み合いが開始される位置と前記噛合基準位置との間に噛合保持位置を設定し、且つ、前記制御装置からの指令信号とは無関係に前記シフトアクチュエータが前記噛合基準位置から前記噛合保持位置まで移動した場合に、前記シフトアクチュエータを前記噛合保持位置から前記噛合基準位置まで復元させることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
- 前記シフトアクチュエータを移動させるシフトモータを更に備え、
前記制御装置は、前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中間目標位置から前記噛合基準位置まで移動するときの前記シフトモータのデューティー比を、前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中立基準位置から前記中間目標位置まで移動するときの前記シフトモータのデューティー比よりも低く設定することを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の船外機のシフト装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記シフトアクチュエータが前記噛合基準位置から前記中間目標位置まで移動する速度を前記シフトアクチュエータが前記中間目標位置から前記中立基準位置まで移動する速度よりも遅く設定することを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
- 前記制御装置は、ユーザの入力操作を受け付ける操作装置からの電気信号に応じて前記シフトアクチュエータの移動を制御することを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の船外機のシフト装置。
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JP2020048643A JP7340483B2 (ja) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-03-19 | 船外機のシフト装置 |
US17/191,111 US11738843B2 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2021-03-03 | Shift device for outboard motor |
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JP2020048643A JP7340483B2 (ja) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-03-19 | 船外機のシフト装置 |
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JP2021146882A JP2021146882A (ja) | 2021-09-27 |
JP7340483B2 true JP7340483B2 (ja) | 2023-09-07 |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006188172A (ja) | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 船外機のシフト装置 |
JP2006321262A (ja) | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 船外機のシフト装置 |
US20150112521A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2015-04-23 | Brunswick Corporation | Systems and Methods for Controlling Shift in Marine Propulsion Devices |
JP2017159763A (ja) | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | トランスファ装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4525149A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1985-06-25 | Outboard Marine Corporation | Marine propulsion device including ignition interruption means to assist transmission shifting |
JP2759475B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-17 | 1998-05-28 | 三信工業株式会社 | 船舶推進機のシフト操作アシスト装置 |
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JP2021146882A (ja) | 2021-09-27 |
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