JP7304326B2 - water intake device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a water intake device provided in a weir or an underground reservoir.

BACKGROUND ART There is known a facility that performs hydroelectric power generation using water taken in by a water intake device installed in a weir or a dam provided in a river. A conventional water intake device is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Such a water intake device includes a water guide plate that is inclined on the downstream side of the weir, a water tank that is provided below the water guide plate, and a water intake pipe that is provided in the water tank. The water guide plate has large-diameter water intake holes, and the water intake pipe has small-diameter water intake holes. Larger contaminants flow over the water guide plate and are screened out, while smaller contaminants flow into the reservoir and are stopped at the intake holes in the intake pipe.

In addition, as a water intake device 101 with a simple configuration, as shown in FIG. . The water intake section 104 is provided at an angle from the overflow section 105 at the upper end of the weir 102, and is designed to drop the water into the storage tank while removing contaminants such as branches and leaves that flow with the overflowed water with a net. had become

JP 2014-34869 A

In the conventional water intake device, since the water intake section 104 is connected to the upper opening 103 via the corner, turbulence may occur in the water flowing therethrough. Therefore, while water is being taken in, contaminants such as branches and leaves may reach and clog the water intake holes of the water guide plate, the water intake holes of the water intake pipe, and the mesh-shaped water intake part, requiring time and effort for cleaning. I had a problem. In addition, there is a problem that the ecological environment in the downstream area is not a little affected because the branches and leaves, which are natural objects, do not flow down.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a water intake apparatus that is less likely to be clogged with contaminants such as branches and leaves, and that minimizes changes in the ecological environment downstream.

The present invention for solving the above problems is a water intake device provided in a weir, comprising an inclined surface formed on the downstream side of the weir and a water intake section provided on the inclined surface. The sloping surface has a first curved portion that is continuous with the upper end surface of the overflow portion at the upper end of the weir so that the water flowing on the sloping surface forms an inner layer and a surface layer. It is characterized by having

According to the water intake device of the present invention, since the first curved portion is provided continuously with the upper end surface of the overflow portion at the upper end of the weir and has a steep slope in sequence, the water flowing on the inclined surface is laminar flow due to the Coanda effect. It is divided into an inner layer and a surface layer. Therefore, contaminants such as branches and leaves are carried downstream by the flow of the surface layer, and water in the inner layer is taken in from the intake section. Therefore, contact of contaminants with the water intake section is suppressed, and the intake section is less likely to be clogged with contaminants. Furthermore, since the branches and leaves, which are natural objects, are swept downstream, changes in the downstream ecological environment can be minimized.

In the water intake device of the present invention, it is preferable that the inclined surface further includes a second curved portion, which is continuous with the first curved portion and whose inclination gradually becomes gentler, and has an S-shaped cross section. According to such a configuration, the inner layer and the surface layer are easily formed in the water flowing on the inclined surface, so that the water intake section is more difficult to be clogged with contaminants. Also, when the flow velocity of the flowing water is slow, the water can be taken in the first curved portion, and when the flow velocity is fast, the water can be taken in the second curved portion.

Further, in the water intake device of the present invention, the water intake portion is composed of a wedge wire screen curved along the inclined surface, and the curved shape of the inclined surface is formed from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the inclined surface. preferably provided along the According to such a configuration, the water flow is less likely to be disturbed on the surface of the water intake portion, and the water can flow on the inclined surface while maintaining the inner layer and the surface layer.

A second aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a water intake device provided in an underground storage tank, comprising: an inclined surface through which water flows; an inflow portion provided upstream of the inclined surface; and a water intake section provided and connected to the underground storage tank. The inclined surface is characterized by having a first curved portion that is continuous with the surface of the inflow portion and whose inclination is steep in order so that an inner layer and a surface layer are formed in the water flowing on the inclined surface. and

Since the water intake device of the present invention is provided with the first curved portion that is continuous with the surface of the inflow portion of the underground storage tank and has a steep slope in sequence, the water flowing on the slope becomes a laminar flow due to the Coanda effect and the inner layer. and surface layer. Therefore, even in a water intake device provided in an underground storage tank, contaminants such as branches and leaves are carried downstream by the flow of the surface layer, and the water in the inner layer is taken in from the water intake section. Therefore, contact of contaminants with the water intake section is suppressed, and the intake section is less likely to be clogged with contaminants.

According to the water intake device of the present invention, the water intake section is less likely to be clogged with contaminants such as branches and leaves, and changes in the ecological environment in the downstream section can be minimized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a cross-sectional block diagram which showed the water intake apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing a water intake portion of the water intake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a water intake portion of the water intake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a water intake device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a conventional water intake device;

A water intake device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Such a water intake device will be described by exemplifying a case where it is attached to a weir installed in a river, for example.

As shown in FIG. 1, a water intake device 1 according to this embodiment is provided downstream of a weir 3 flooded with water 6 of a river 2 . The water intake device 1 is formed with a width smaller than the width of the weir 3 and is provided continuously with a water passage portion 4 provided in a part of the weir 3 in the width direction. The water passage portion 4 is formed by notching the upper end portion of the weir 3 in a groove shape, and is provided with a water stop door (not shown) that can be opened and closed. The water passage part 4 can drain water when the water level of the river 2 exceeds the bottom surface of the water passage part 4.例文帳に追加The bottom surface of the water passing portion 4 is the top surface of the overflow portion 5 . The water intake device 1 includes an inclined surface 10 , a water intake section 20 and a water intake space 30 .

The inclined surface 10 is formed on the surface of the water intake device 1 on the downstream side of the weir 3 and is inclined downward as it goes downstream. The upstream end of the inclined surface 10 is continuous with the bottom surface of the water passage portion 4 . The inclined surface 10 has a first curved portion 11 and a second curved portion 12 . The first curved portion 11 is formed from the upper end portion to the intermediate portion of the inclined surface 10 . The first curved portion 11 is continuous with the upper end surface of the overflow portion 5 at the upper end of the weir 3, and the slope gradually becomes steeper as it goes downstream. That is, the inclination angle of the first curved portion 11 gradually increases from horizontal at the upper end portion toward the lower end portion, and the surface of the first curved portion 11 has an outwardly rounded surface. At the upper end of the first curved portion 11, the angle of inclination is small, and the flow speed of the river water 6 is once decelerated, making it easier to take in the water. At the lower end of the first curved portion 11, the angle of inclination is large, so that branches and leaves can easily flow down.

The second curved portion 12 is formed from the intermediate portion to the lower end portion of the inclined surface 10 . The second curved portion 12 is continuous with the lower end surface of the first curved portion 11 and the slope gradually becomes gentler toward the downstream side. In other words, the inclination angle of the second curved portion 12 gradually decreases from the upper end portion to the lower end portion, and the surface of the second curved portion 12 is rounded inwardly. The surface of the inclined surface 10 has an S-shaped cross section by combining the first curved portion 11 and the second curved portion 12 .

The water intake part 20 is a part for taking in the overflowed water 6 and is provided on the inclined surface 10 . The water intake portion 20 is provided along the curved shape of the surface of the inclined surface 10 from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the inclined surface 10 . The water intake part 20 is made of a stainless alloy and has excellent performance in terms of durability, wear resistance, roughness coefficient, weight and rust resistance. In addition, the material of the water intake portion 20 is not limited to the stainless alloy, and other metals may be used as long as they have the same performance as the stainless alloy. The water intake section 20 is composed of a wedge wire screen 21 curved along the inclined surface 10 .

Wedge wire screen 21 is a screen in which slits 23 are formed between adjacent wedge wires 22, 22 by arranging wedge wires 22 having an inverted triangular cross-sectional shape at regular intervals. A wedge wire screen 21 covers the open end of the recess formed in the inclined surface 10 . The wedge wire screen 21 drops the water 6 flowing on its upper surface from the slit 23 and takes in the water. When the dimensions of the wedge wire 22 are an inverted triangle with an upper side (upper base portion) of 3 mm and a height of 5.5 mm, the width of the slit 23 (distance between the adjacent wedge wires 22, 22) is 1. ~2 mm is preferred. When the wedge wire 22 has an inverted triangle with an upper side of 3.5 mm and a height of 6 mm, the width of the slit 23 is preferably 1 to 4 mm. In particular, it is preferable to set the thickness to 1 to 1.5 mm because the dust removal effect is enhanced.

The wedge wire screen 21 includes wedge wires 22 and supports 24 that support the wedge wires 22 . The support 24 has a rod shape and extends in a direction intersecting (perpendicular to in this embodiment) the wedge wire 22 . The support 24 is arranged below the wedge wire 22 and covers the lower vertex portion of the inverted triangle of the wedge wire 22 to support it from below. The water intake portion 20 of the present embodiment has a support 24 extending along the direction of water flow, and is curved in an S shape along the inclined surface 10 .

The water intake space 30 is composed of a recess formed in the inclined surface 10 and extends to the lower portion of the weir 3 . The water 6 that has passed through the slits 23 of the wedge wire screen 21 drops and is stored in the water intake space 30 . The water intake space 30 is connected with a pipe 31 for conveying the taken water to a facility that uses water, such as a power generation facility (not shown).

According to the water intake device 1 having the above configuration, the first curved portion 11 is formed continuously with the surface of the upper end of the overflow portion 5 at the upper end of the weir 3 and gradually becomes steeper, as shown in FIG. , the water 6 flowing on the inclined surface 10 is attracted to the inclined surface 10 by the flow Coanda effect and flows along the inclined surface 10 without being disturbed. As a result, the water 6 on the inclined surface 10 becomes a laminar flow and flows separately into the inner layer 6a and the surface layer 6b. Therefore, contaminants (foreign matters) 7 such as branches and leaves are carried downstream by the flow of the surface layer 6b, and are less likely to flow into the inner layer 6a side. Therefore, the water in the inner layer 6 a is less likely to be contaminated with foreign substances, so that only the water 6 is smoothly taken in through the slits 23 of the water intake portion 20 . That is, the contact of contaminants with the water intake section 20 is suppressed, and the slits 23 are less likely to be clogged with contaminants.

In addition, in the water intake device 1 of the present embodiment, a second curved portion 12 is further formed continuously with the first curved portion 11 and gradually slopes gradually, and the surface of the inclined surface 10 has an S-shaped cross section. Therefore, the water intake section 20 can be installed at many angles. As a result, even if the flow velocity of the water 6 is different, the inner layer 6a and the surface layer 6b are easily formed in the water 6 flowing on the inclined surface 10, and the water 6 can be taken in from the slit 23 at the optimum angle. In the water intake portion 20 provided on the inclined surface 10 having an S-shaped cross section, when the flow velocity of the flowing water 6 is slow, the water can be taken in the steeply inclined first curved portion 11, and when the flow velocity is high, the second curved portion 11, which is gently inclined. Water can be taken at the curved portion 12 .

Furthermore, in the water intake device 1 of the present embodiment, the water intake portion 20 is composed of the wedge wire screen 21 curved along the inclined surface, so that the water flow is less likely to be disturbed on the surface of the water intake portion 20, and the inner layer Water can flow on the inclined surface 10 while maintaining the 6a and the surface layer 6b. Also, due to the shape of the wedge wire 22 , the Coanda effect acts in the slit 23 , making it easier for the water 6 to be drawn into the water intake space 30 .

As described above, according to the water intake device 1 of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the water intake section 20 from being clogged with contaminants 7 such as branches and leaves. In addition, most of the river flotsam is natural matter such as branches and leaves, but the water intake device 1 allows them to flow down as they are, so that changes in the downstream ecological environment can be minimized.
Furthermore, even when the amount of water flowing on the inclined surface 10 is reduced and the branches and leaves are about to stick to the upper end surface of the overflow portion 5, the constant flow allows the branches and leaves to easily flow downstream from the overflow portion 5. and flows smoothly on the inclined surface 10.

Next, a water intake device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 4, the case where the water intake device 51 is attached to the water intake port 40 of the underground storage tank will be described as an example. The water intake 40 of the underground storage tank of this embodiment can be arranged on a slope formed between an upper surface 52 and a lower surface 53 lower than the upper surface 52 by a predetermined height.

The water intake device 51 provided in the underground storage tank has the same basic configuration as the water intake device 1 of the first embodiment, but has an inclined surface 10 through which water flows and an inflow portion provided on the upstream side of the inclined surface 10. 55 , a water intake section 20 provided on the inclined surface 10 and connected to an underground storage tank, and a water intake space 30 below the water intake section 20 . That is, the water intake device 51 is configured by further including the inflow portion 55 in the water intake device 1 . The inflow portion 55 is located at the upstream end of the water intake device 1 and is a portion into which water flows from the downstream end of the upper stage surface 52 toward the water intake device 51 .

The inclined surface 10 has a first curved portion 11 and a second curved portion 12 . The first curved portion 11 is configured such that the slope continues to become steeper in sequence from the surface of the inflow portion 55 . In this embodiment, since the surface of the inflow portion 55 is horizontal, the upper end portion of the inclined surface 10 is gradually inclined from the horizontal. When the surface of the inflow portion 55 is inclined, the upper end portion of the inclined surface 10 gradually inclines starting from the inclination angle of the inflow portion 55 . In addition, since the second curved portion 12 and the water intake portion 20 are the same as those in the first embodiment, they are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

The water intake space 30 is formed with a predetermined depth below the water intake section 20 . The water intake space 30 includes a first wall portion 32a on the upper stage surface 52 side, a second wall portion 32b on the lower stage surface 53 side, a side wall portion 32c intersecting the first wall portion 32a and the second wall portion 32b, and a bottom portion. 32d. In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the first wall portion 32 a is the surface of the inflow portion 55 . A pipe 31 is connected to the water intake space 30 for conveying the taken water to, for example, an underground storage tank (not shown). In addition, the water intake space 30 may be formed large and may be used as an underground storage tank.

According to the water intake device 51 having such a configuration, since the surface of the inflow portion 55 of the underground storage tank is provided with the first curved portion 11 whose inclination is gradually steeper, the effect is the same as that of the first embodiment. You get the effect. That is, the water 6 flowing on the inclined surface 10 becomes a laminar flow due to the Coanda effect and is divided into an inner layer 6a and a surface layer 6b (see FIG. 3). Therefore, even in the water intake device 51 provided in the underground storage tank, contaminants such as branches and leaves are washed away by the flow of the surface layer, and the water 6 in the inner layer 6a is efficiently taken in from the water intake portion 20. Therefore, contact of contaminants with the water intake section 20 is suppressed, and the water intake section 20 is less likely to be clogged with contaminants. Most of the water 6 flowing from the upper surface 52 to the inclined surface 10 is taken into the water intake device 51, and the amount of water 6 flowing to the lower surface 53 is greatly reduced.

Although the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the above-described embodiments, and design changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment, the water intake device 1 is provided in the relatively small weir 3 provided in the river 2, but it is not limited to this. Such a water intake device 1 can be applied to other weirs such as large-scale dams.

Moreover, although the water intake device 1 of the above-described embodiment is provided continuously with the water passage portion 4 provided in a portion of the weir 3 in the width direction, it is not limited to this. The water intake portion 20 may be provided over the entire width of the weir 3 . With such a configuration, a large amount of water can be taken in even when the width of the inclined surface 10 is small.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water intake device 2 river 3 weir 5 overflow section 6 water 6a inner layer 6b surface layer 7 contaminants 10 inclined surface 11 first curved section 12 second curved section 20 water intake section 21 wedge wire screen 51 water intake device 55 inflow section

Claims (2)

A water intake device provided in a weir,
An inclined surface formed on the downstream side of the weir, and a water intake section provided on the inclined surface,
The sloping surface has a first curved portion that is continuous with the upper end surface of the overflow portion of the upper end of the weir and gradually slopes steeply so that an inner layer and a surface layer are formed on the water flowing on the sloping surface . , and a second curved portion that is continuous with the first curved portion and whose inclination gradually becomes gentler, and has an S-shaped cross section,
The water intake portion is composed of a wedge wire screen curved along the inclined surface, and is provided over the entire inclined surface along the curved shape of the inclined surface from the upper end to the lower end of the inclined surface. and
The wedge wire screen is a screen in which slits are formed between adjacent wedge wires by arranging wedge wires extending in a direction intersecting the flow of water and having an inverted triangular cross-sectional shape at regular intervals.
A water intake device characterized by: A water intake device provided in an underground storage tank,
An inclined surface through which water flows, an inflow portion provided on the upstream side of the inclined surface, and a water intake portion provided on the inclined surface and connected to the underground storage tank,
The slanted surface has a first curved portion that is continuous with the surface of the inflow portion and has a steeper slope in order so that an inner layer and a surface layer are formed on the water flowing on the slanted surface , and the first curved portion. and a second curved portion whose inclination gradually becomes gentler continuously, exhibiting an S-shaped cross section,
The water intake portion is composed of a wedge wire screen curved along the inclined surface, and is provided over the entire inclined surface along the curved shape of the inclined surface from the upper end to the lower end of the inclined surface. and
The wedge wire screen is a screen in which slits are formed between adjacent wedge wires by arranging wedge wires extending in a direction intersecting the flow of water and having an inverted triangular cross-sectional shape at regular intervals.
A water intake device characterized by:

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