JP2007113232A - Dust removing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust removing device capable of greatly reducing labor and cost required for maintaining and managing power generation facility by removing dust mixed into water for hydraulic power generation by a simple configuration securely. <P>SOLUTION: This dust removing device 10 is provided with a water storage tank 16 having an intake 30 for taking water into in an upper part, a dust removing screen 18 attached to the intake 30 by tilting and letting a part of water given into the intake 30 flow down to the outside of the water storage tank 16 together with dust, and a water conducting tube 26 for conducting water in the water storage tank 16 into a hydraulic power generator 14. An opening end on the upstream side of the water conducting tube 26 is arranged at a position which is deviated to a side from just below the intake 30 in the water in the water storage tank 16 and is lifted from a bottom face of the inside of the water storage tank 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust removing device that removes pebbles, sand, fallen leaves, dust and the like mixed in water supplied to a hydroelectric generator when water is taken into the hydroelectric generator in a micro hydroelectric power generation system.

  In recent years, as seen in the Kyoto Conference on the Prevention of Global Warming, the introduction of petroleum alternative energy with a low environmental impact has become an important issue, and the spread of micro hydroelectric power generation systems is expected from this viewpoint. This micro hydroelectric power generation system generates electricity using small water resources such as mountainous water, maintenance and discharge water of various waterways, industrial water, agricultural water, etc., compared to solar power generation and wind power generation. It has the advantage of high efficiency. However, since the diameter of the guide vanes, runners, injection nozzles, etc. that make up the water turbine section of the hydroelectric generator is narrow, the flow path is likely to be clogged by pebbles, sand, fallen leaves, dust, etc. mixed in the water. There is a drawback that it easily causes trouble.

Therefore, in the past, a screen was installed in the water channel, and fallen leaves and dust caught on the screen were periodically removed, and further, pebbles and sand accumulated on the water turbine casing were periodically removed. (See Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 2939747 (FIG. 1)

  Conventionally, since dust such as fallen leaves and garbage mixed in the water supplied to the hydroelectric generator is periodically removed, there has been a problem that a great deal of labor and cost are required to maintain and manage the power generation equipment.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dust removal device that can significantly reduce labor and cost required for maintenance and management of power generation facilities by automatically removing dust mixed in water.

  The invention described in claim 1 is “a dust removing device 10 that removes dust mixed in water for hydroelectric power generation, and has a water storage tank 16 having a water intake 30 for taking in water at an upper portion, and is inclined to the water intake 30. A dust removal screen 18 that causes a part of the water supplied to the water intake 30 to flow down to the outside of the water storage tank 16 together with the dust, and a guide that guides the water in the water storage tank 16 to the hydroelectric generator 14. This is a dust removal device 10 ”provided with a water pipe 26.

  In this invention, when water is given to the water intake 30 of the water storage tank 16, most of the water is supplied from the water intake 30 to the water storage tank 16, and a part of the water is collected with dust (falling leaves, garbage, etc.). The upper surface of the dust removal screen 18 is slid and discharged to the outside of the water storage tank 16.

  The invention described in claim 2 is the “dust removal device 10” described in claim 1, wherein “the dust removal screens 18 and 70 have slits 42 or elongated holes 74 extending in the inclined direction”. It is characterized by that.

  In the present invention, the slits 42 or the long holes 74 of the dust removal screens 18 and 70 are formed so as to extend in the inclination direction of the dust removal screens 18 and 70, so that the dust mixed in the water can flow smoothly. A large amount of water can be taken into the water storage tank 16 through the slit 42 or the long hole 74.

  The invention described in claim 3 is the “dust removal device 10” described in claim 1 or 2, wherein “the opening end on the upstream side of the water conduit 26 is shifted laterally from directly below the water intake 30. It is a position and it is arrange | positioned in the position lifted from the internal bottom face of the said water storage tank 16. "

  In the present invention, since the opening end on the upstream side of the water conduit 26 is disposed at a position shifted laterally from directly below the water intake 30, air bubbles mixed into the water supplied from the water intake 30 to the water storage tank 16. Is not immediately taken into the water conduit 26, and many of the bubbles can float to the water surface and escape to the atmosphere. Further, since the upstream opening end of the water conduit 26 is disposed at a position lifted from the inner bottom surface of the water storage tank 16, sand collected at the bottom of the water storage tank 16 is prevented from being taken into the water conduit 26. it can.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the “dust removal apparatus 10” according to any of the first to third aspects, the “precipitation tank 20 for precipitating sediments mixed in water upstream of the water intake 30”. And a guide plate 22 that is disposed above the settling tank 20 and guides and removes floating substances floating in the water in the settling tank 20 ”.

  In the present invention, sediments such as stones and sand mixed in water can be settled and removed in the sedimentation tank 20, and suspended matter such as fallen leaves and dust floating in the water is guided by the guide plate 22. Can be removed.

  The invention described in claim 5 is the “dust removal device 10” described in claim 4, wherein “the water in the settling tank 20 is placed between the settling tank 20 and the water intake 30”. An overflow outlet 50 that overflows to the side is provided, and the overflow outlet 50 is provided with a protruding portion 52 that promotes the precipitation of the sediment that is mixed in the water and protrudes toward the precipitation tank 20. It is characterized by.

  In the present invention, the precipitation of the precipitate is promoted by the protrusion 52.

  According to the invention described in claims 1 to 4, pebbles, sand, fallen leaves, dust, etc. mixed in the water given to the hydroelectric generator can be reliably removed with a simple configuration. The labor and cost required for management can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a dust removing device 10 to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. The dust removing device 10 automatically removes pebbles, sand, fallen leaves, dust and the like mixed in the water supplied to the hydroelectric generator 14 in the micro hydroelectric power generation system 12 as shown in FIG. 16, a dust removal screen 18, a sedimentation tank 20, a guide plate 22, a spill tank 24, a water conduit 26, and the like.

  The water tank 16 is a water tank for storing water to be supplied to the hydroelectric generator 14 (FIG. 3), and has a box-shaped water tank body 28 made of concrete or the like. The water intake 30 for taking in water is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane. Further, a groove-shaped sand reservoir pit 32 is formed on the inner bottom surface of the water tank body 28, and a sand discharge port 34 for discharging the sand accumulated in the sand reservoir pit 32 is formed on the side wall of the water tank body 28. ing. A dust removal screen 18 is attached to the water intake 30, and a sand discharge pipe 38 is attached to the sand discharge port 34 via a sand discharge valve 36.

  The inclination angle of the water intake 30 is set so that the dust mixed in the water flowing on the upper surface of the dust removal screen 18 can efficiently flow down to the outside of the water storage tank 16, and in this embodiment, 13 to 20 is set. It is set within the range of degrees.

  The dust removal screen 18 allows dust such as pebbles, sand, fallen leaves, and garbage to flow down to the outside of the water storage tank 16. The substantially rectangular fixed frame 40 fixed to the peripheral edge of the water intake 30, and the fixed frame 40. A plurality of slit bars 44 that span the two opposing sides and constitute the slit 42; and a support bar 46 that spans the other two opposite sides of the fixed frame 40 and supports the slit bars 44. The fixing frame 40 is formed with a plurality of holes 48 through which screws (not shown) are inserted. The dust removal screen 18 is detachably fixed to the water intake 30 by screws (not shown) inserted through the holes 48. Therefore, by removing the dust removal screen 18, the water intake 30 can be opened, and the opened water intake 30 can be used as an inspection port or a cleaning port of the water storage tank 16.

  The inclination angle of the dust removal screen 18 depends on the inclination angle of the water intake 30, and in this embodiment, it is set within a range of 13 to 20 degrees as described above. The direction in which the slit 42 extends is set to the same direction as the inclination direction of the dust removal screen 18 in order to allow the dust mixed in the water to flow smoothly and to take in a large amount of water into the water storage tank 16.

  It should be noted that the manner in which the dust removal screen 18 is attached to the water intake 30 is desirably a “fill-in type” that allows lifting up in that a surge caused by a water hammer or the like can be released.

  The settling tank 20 is a water tank for precipitating sediments (stones, sand, etc.) mixed in water upstream from the water intake 30 of the water storage tank 16, and is formed integrally with the water tank 16 above the water storage tank 16 with concrete or the like. Has been. An overflow outlet 50 is formed at the boundary between the settling tank 20 and the water intake 30 to allow the water in the settling tank 20 to overflow to the water inlet 30 side. A “eave-like” protruding portion 52 that precipitates the precipitate is formed to protrude toward the precipitation tank 20. Further, a groove-shaped sand reservoir pit 54 is formed on the inner bottom surface of the sedimentation tank 20 located immediately below the projecting portion 52, and the sand accumulated in the sand reservoir pit 54 is discharged on the side wall of the sedimentation tank 20. A sand discharge port 56 is formed, and a sand discharge pipe 60 is attached to the sand discharge port 56 via a sand discharge valve 58. Further, a water intake 62 is formed in the side wall 20a of the sedimentation tank 20 facing the overflow outlet 50, and one or both of the side walls 20b perpendicular to the side wall 20a (in this embodiment, “one”). ) Is formed with a discharge port 64 for discharging floating substances such as fallen leaves, and a water intake pipe 66 for drawing water from a river or the like is connected to the water intake port 62.

  The guide plate 22 is a plate-like member that guides floating substances mixed in the water taken into the sedimentation tank 20 from the intake pipe 66 to the discharge port 64, and takes the water surface area of the sedimentation tank 20 to the water inlet 62 side and the overflow outlet 50 side. It is spanned between two opposing side walls 20b so as to be divided into two. And the lower part of the guide plate 22 is arrange | positioned in the water stored in the sedimentation tank 20, and the upper part of the guide plate 22 is arrange | positioned protruding from the water surface. Therefore, the water taken into the sedimentation tank 20 from the water intake 62 passes under the guide plate 22 toward the overflow outlet 50, and the suspended matter mixed in the water flows along the guide plate 22 to the discharge port 64. As a result, “rectification of water” and “removal of suspended solids” are performed simultaneously.

  The surplus water tank 24 is a water tank that receives surplus water discharged from the settling tank 20 through the overflow outlet 50 to the intake 30 through the top surface of the dust removal screen 18 and discharged to the outside of the water storage tank 16. It is integrally formed with the side of the water storage tank 16 by concrete or the like. A drainage port 68 is formed in the side wall 24 a (FIG. 2) in the direction orthogonal to the flow-down direction of the surplus water among the side walls of the surplus water tank 24, thereby surplus water given to the surplus water tank 24. Is discharged from the drain port 68 by changing the direction by 90 degrees. Therefore, the momentum of the surplus water can be weakened in the surplus water tank 24, and the outflow of the installation ground or its surrounding ground due to the surplus water can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the water conduit 26 is a tube that guides water stored in the water storage tank 16 to the hydroelectric generator 14, and the upstream end of the water conduit 26 is a side wall of the spill tank 24 and the water tank 16. Is inserted into the water storage tank 16. Then, the upstream opening end of the water conduit 26 is located in a position shifted from the lower side of the water intake 30 to the side in the water in the water storage tank 16 and lifted from the inner bottom surface of the water storage tank 16. It is arranged. The distance from the inner bottom surface of the water storage tank 16 to the lowest point at the open end of the water conduit 26 is set to about 50 mm or more so that sand collected at the bottom of the water storage tank 16 is not taken in. Further, the distance from the water surface in the water storage tank 16 to the highest point at the opening end of the water conduit 26 is the diameter of the water conduit 26 so that bubbles contained in the water supplied to the water tank 16 are not taken in. It is set to 2 times or more.

  When the micro hydropower generation system 12 is configured using the dust removal device 10, the dust removal device 10 is installed on the ground as shown in FIG. 3, and a water intake pipe 66 is connected to the water intake 62 of the sedimentation tank 20. At the same time, the hydroelectric generator 14 is connected to the downstream end of the water conduit 26. During operation, power generation water is supplied from the intake pipe 66 to the settling tank 20, and this water is supplied to the hydroelectric generator 14 through the settling tank 20, the water storage tank 16 and the water conduit 26.

  At this time, the floating substance mixed in the water is removed by the guide plate 22 in the settling tank 20 and removed by the dust removing screen 18 at the water intake 30 of the water storage tank 16. On the other hand, the sediments mixed in the water are precipitated in the water storage tank 16 and the sedimentation tank 20 and stored in the sand pool pits 32 and 54. Then, by opening the sand discharge valves 36 and 58, the sand discharge ports 34 and 56 are discharged through the sand discharge pipes 38 and 60.

  In the sedimentation tank 20, the water taken in from the water intake 62 passes under the guide plate 22 and becomes a latent flow. Therefore, in combination with the downward flow of water in the protrusion 52, pebbles, sand, and the like are allowed. The precipitate can be efficiently precipitated. In the dust removal screen 18, the direction in which the slit 42 extends and the inclination direction coincide with each other, so that the dust mixed in the water can flow smoothly and a large amount of water can be taken into the reservoir 16.

  Then, by making the amount of water supplied to the water intake 30 larger than the amount of water supplied to the water conduit 26, the water once taken into the water storage tank 16 can be overflowed from the water inlet 30, and the dust removing screen 18 can be overflowed from this water. The dust trapped on the water can be washed out of the water storage tank 16.

  In the above-described embodiment, the dust removal screen 18 having a plurality of slit bars 44 is used. Instead, a dust removal screen 70 having a punching metal structure as shown in FIG. However, a stainless steel net (not shown) having a mesh of about 5 mm may be used. The dust removing screen 70 (FIG. 5) is formed by extending a plurality of long holes 74 in a slanting direction in a plate material 72 made of stainless steel or the like. A plurality of screws (not shown) are inserted into the plate material 72. A hole 76 is formed.

Top view showing the dust removal device II-II sectional view in FIG. Schematic diagram showing a micro hydropower system Plan view (A) and front view (B) showing the dust removal screen Plan view (A) and front view (B) showing another dust removal screen

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Dust removal apparatus 12 ... Micro hydroelectric power generation system 14 ... Hydroelectric generator 16 ... Water storage tank 18,70 ... Dust removal screen 20 ... Precipitation tank 22 ... Guidance plate 24 ... Waste water tank 26 ... Water guide pipe 28 ... Water tank main body 30,62 ... intake port 32, 54 ... sand reservoir pit 34, 56 ... sand discharge port 36, 58 ... sand discharge valve 38, 60 ... sand discharge pipe 42 ... slit 46 ... support bar 50 ... overflow outlet 52 ... protrusion 64 ... discharge port 66 ... Intake pipe 74 ... Long hole

Claims (5)

A dust removing device for removing dust mixed in water for hydroelectric power generation,
A water storage tank having a water intake port for taking in water at the top;
A dust removal screen that is attached to the water intake at an angle and causes a part of the water supplied to the water intake to flow down together with the dust to the outside of the water storage tank, and a guide that guides the water in the water storage tank to the hydroelectric generator. A dust removal device including a water pipe.   The dust removal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal screen has a slit or a long hole extending in an inclined direction, and water is supplied to the water storage tank through the slit or the long hole.   The opening end on the upstream side of the water conduit is disposed at a position that is shifted laterally from directly below the intake port and that is lifted from the inner bottom surface of the water storage tank. 2. A dust removing device according to 2.   A settling tank for precipitating sediments mixed in water upstream from the water intake; and a guide plate disposed at the top of the settling tank for guiding and removing floating substances floating in the water in the settling tank. The dust removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:   Between the settling tank and the water intake, there is provided an overflow outlet for allowing the water in the settling tank to overflow to the water intake side, and in the overflow outlet, sedimentation of precipitates mixed in water is provided. The dust removing device according to claim 4, wherein a protrusion for promoting the protrusion is provided to protrude toward the settling tank.

Images