JP7299440B1 - Deep Saturated Soft Tailing Raw Sample Freeze Expansion Test System and Method - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, the operation steps of the tailings freezing apparatus in the prior art are complicated, the status of the tailings sample cannot be grasped in real time, and the tailings sample is not pressurized during the freezing process. To solve the problem, a deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system and method are provided. The deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system includes a freeze box, a sampler, a loading system and an observation system. The freezer box comprises a box body, a cooling assembly and a temperature monitoring assembly, the cooling assembly cooling the box body, and the temperature monitoring assembly monitoring temperature changes within the box body. The loading system comprises a constant pressure assembly, a pressurizing cylinder and a pressurizing member, two of the pressurizing cylinders being symmetrically and fixedly mounted on opposite ends of the sampler respectively. The pressurizing member and the pressurizing cylinder are in sliding cooperation. The pressurizing member and the pressurizing cylinder form an enclosed space. The constant pressure assembly is used to control the gas in the enclosed space to maintain a constant pressure. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention belongs to the field of tailings sand soil testing technology, and more particularly to deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system and method.

After the tailings sampling is completed, it is necessary to measure and analyze multiple parameters of the tailings sample. The test equipment such as columns cannot be transported to the tailings dam site, and thousands of tailings raw soils must be transported to the indoor laboratory for testing, and the strength of the grain boundary structure of the tailings is relatively low, maintaining the integrity of samples during long-distance transport is a problem to be solved. In order to maintain the original state of the sample, the original sample is usually frozen, transported in a frozen state, and thawed after arriving at the experimental site to prevent damage to the sample during transportation and to preserve the original state of the sample. maximum can be maintained. However, different freezing conditions have different effects on the integrity of the tailings sand, for example, the freezing temperature, the pressure of the sample load and the time of freezing have important effects on the maintenance of the integrity of the tailings sand. give. Also, depending on the composition and water content of the tailings sand, the freezing time and temperature required will also differ, does the freezing process affect the structure of the tailings sand? Is the tailings soil disturbed? Under what conditions can the freezing process maintain the integrity of the tailings? Conducting experimental studies on these issues is of great significance.

However, in the prior art, the freshly collected tailings sample was directly placed in the refrigerator to freeze, and the refrigerator was opened periodically to observe and record the frozen state. could not be grasped in real time. Also, no pressure was applied to the tailings sample.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the deficiencies of the prior art discussed above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system and method. In the conventional technology, the operation steps of the tailings freezing apparatus are complicated, the status of the tailings sample cannot be grasped in real time, and the tailings sample is pressurized during freezing. It is used to solve the problem that there was no

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In carrying out the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a deep saturated soft tailings raw specimen freeze expansion test system comprising a freeze box, sampler, loading system and observation system. The freezer box comprises a box body, a cooling assembly and a temperature monitoring assembly, the cooling assembly cooling an interior of the box body, the temperature monitoring assembly monitoring temperature changes within the box body, and A sampler is filled with a tailings sample and installed inside the box body.

The loading system comprises a constant pressure assembly, a pressurizing cylinder and a pressurizing member, two of the pressurizing cylinders being symmetrically and fixedly mounted on opposite ends of the sampler respectively, the pressurizing member comprising the pressurizing member. located inside a pressurization cylinder, the pressurization member and the pressurization cylinder slidably cooperate, the pressurization member contacting the tailings sample in the sampler, and the pressurization member and The pressurization cylinder defines an enclosed space, and the constant pressure assembly is used to control the gas in the enclosed space within the pressurization cylinder to maintain a constant pressure.

The observation system comprises a camera and a light source, the pressurized cylinder is a transparent structure, the pressurized cylinder is within the imaging range of the camera, and the light source is installed inside the box body. , to provide illumination to the camera.

Preferably, the cooling assembly comprises a cooling pipeline and a chiller, the cooling pipeline is installed inside the box body, and the negative temperature circulating liquid generated by the chiller is passed through the cooling pipeline is circulated and transported in

Preferably, the temperature monitoring assembly comprises a number of temperature sensors, both inside the box body and inside the tailings sample.

Preferably, said constant pressure assembly comprises a constant pressure cylinder, a piston and a load plate, said piston mounted within said constant pressure cylinder, said piston and said constant pressure cylinder slidably cooperating, The constant pressure cylinder and the closed space communicate with each other, and the piston and the load plate are fixedly connected by a piston rod.

Preferably, said constant pressure assembly further comprises a guide rod, the guiding direction of said guiding rod being parallel to the sliding direction of said piston, said load plate slidably cooperating with said guiding rod, The guide rod is fixedly connected to the constant pressure cylinder.

Preferably, the pressure cylinder is provided with a length scale.

Preferably, one set of said constant pressure assemblies simultaneously communicates with said closed spaces within said pressurized cylinders on opposite ends of several sets of said tailings samples.

Preferably, an elastic sealing film is installed between the pressure member and the tailings sample, the elastic sealing film is fixedly connected to the pressure cylinder, and the pressure member comprises a number of annular slip rings. The adjacent annular slip rings slidably cooperate, and the outermost annular slip ring and the pressurizing cylinder slidably cooperate.

Preferably, an air charging device is further provided, the air charging device includes an air pump and a valve, the air pump communicates with the constant pressure cylinder, and between the air pump and the constant pressure cylinder , said valve is installed.

Preferably, the constant pressure cylinder is equipped with a barometer, and the barometer is used to measure the magnitude of gas pressure in the constant pressure cylinder.

The present invention provides a deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze-expansion method comprising a pressurized freezing step and an observation step. In the pressurized freezing step, the pressurized cylinder covers both ends of the sampler, and a number of the freezer boxes are installed, and each freezer box contains the same number of tailings samples, and The ore samples are numbered from 1 and the pressure cylinders at both ends of the same numbered tailings samples in each of the freeze boxes communicate with the pressure cylinders on the same set of constant pressure assemblies. , by supplying gas to the closed system after communication with an air filling device, the pressurizing member is brought into close contact with the tailings sample, the valve is closed, and the gas in the closed system is prevented from leaking, and each Place weights of different masses on the load plates of the set of constant pressure assemblies, close the lid of the box body, activate the cooling assembly to freeze the tailings sample in the box body, and The freezing temperatures set in the freezing boxes of are all different. In the observation step, a photographing time is preset, and when the preset time is reached, the light source is automatically turned on, the camera photographs the pressure cylinder, and the camera photographs. Observe the degree of freeze expansion of the tailing sample.

As noted above, the deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system and method of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects.

(1) Placing a tailings sample in the freezer box with the sampler and freezing it reduces disturbance to the tailings sample, and the constant pressure assembly maintains the gas in the pressurization cylinder at a constant pressure. By controlling such, the pressurizer can provide a constant pressure to the tailings sample, since the pressurizer is always subjected to a constant gas pressure during movement.

(2) when the tailings sample undergoes freezing and freeze expansion, the expansion of the tailings sample pushes the pressurizing material to move in the pressurizing cylinder, and the pressurizing cylinder is a transparent structure; Therefore, the camera can photograph the expansion of the tailings sample in the pressurized cylinder.

(3) by adding a weight on top of the pressurizing member, the pressurizing member provides a constant pressure to the gas in the constant pressure cylinder with the piston, and the weight above the pressurizing member If the mass does not change, the pressure of the gas in the pressurized cylinder remains constant.

(4) Both ends of the sampler are provided with pressurizing cylinders, and the two pressurizing cylinders are both connected to the same constant pressure cylinder, so that tailings samples at both ends of the sampler are guaranteed to receive the same amount of pressure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system in the present invention; 1 is a plan view of a deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system in accordance with the present invention; FIG. Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of the connection relationship between the earth remover, the pressurizing cylinder and the pressurizing member in the present invention; 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a constant pressure assembly in the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the box lid is closed in the deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the connection relationship between the soil remover, the pressurizing cylinder, the elastic sealing film and the annular slip ring in the present invention;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art will easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed herein. can do.

Description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are merely for explaining the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read them. However, it is not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, and has no substantial technical meaning, and any structural modification, change in proportional relationship, or adjustment in size will not affect the effects and realizations of the present invention. As long as it does not affect the possible purpose, all should be included in the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. Also, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one", etc., quoted in the specification are for clarity of description and are used to describe the present invention. It does not limit the practicable range, the relative relationship changes and adjustments, and is regarded as the practicable range of the present invention as long as there is no substantial change in the technical content.

Each embodiment is exemplary and explanatory only. Each embodiment can be combined with each other and is not limited to what is disclosed in a single embodiment below.

As shown in FIGS. 1-6, the present invention provides a deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system. Said Deep Saturated Soft Tailing Raw Sample Freezing Expansion Test System comprises a freezer box 1 , a sampler 2 , a load system and an observation system 5 . The freezer box 1 comprises a box body 101, a box lid 102, a cooling assembly and a temperature monitoring assembly. The cooling assembly is used to cool the inside of the box body 101 . The temperature monitoring assembly is used to monitor temperature changes within the box body 101 . The sampler 2 is filled with a tailings sample 3 . The sampler 2 is installed inside the box body 101 . The sampler 2 takes a tailings sand sample from the tailings dam and arranges the sand on both ends of the sampler 2 to flatten it. The sampler 2 is also handled gently during the handling process to prevent damage to its internal structure of the tailings sand due to vibrations of the handling process.

The load system comprises a constant pressure assembly 401 , a pressure cylinder 402 and a pressure member 403 . The two pressurizing cylinders 402 are symmetrically and fixedly attached to both ends of the sampler 2 respectively. The pressurizing member 403 is installed inside the pressurizing cylinder 402 . The pressure member 403 slidably cooperates with the pressure cylinder 402 . The pressure member 403 contacts the tailings sample 3 in the sampler 2 . The pressurizing member 403 forms a closed space with the pressurizing cylinder 402 . The constant pressure assembly 401 is used to control the gas in the closed space in the pressurization cylinder 402 to maintain a constant pressure.

The observation system 5 comprises a camera 501 and a light source 502 . Said pressure cylinder 402 is a transparent structure. The pressure cylinder 402 is within the imaging range of the camera 501 . The light source 502 is installed inside the box body 101 . The light source 502 provides illumination for the camera 501 . The light source 502 may be a parallel light source 502 . The light source 502 can illuminate the entire inside of the box body 101 .

When the tailings sample 3 is placed in the freezer box 1 with the sampler 2 and frozen, the disturbance to the tailings sample 3 is reduced and the constant pressure assembly 401 stabilizes the gas in the pressurization cylinder 402. , the pressurizing member 403 always receives a constant gas pressure during movement, so that the pressurizing member 403 applies a constant pressure to the tailings sample 3. can provide. When the tailings sample 3 is frozen and freeze-expanded, the expansion of the tailings sample 3 pushes the pressurizing member 403 to move in the pressurizing cylinder 402, and the pressurizing cylinder 402 is a transparent structure. Therefore, the camera 501 can photograph the expansion of the tailings sample 3 in the pressure cylinder 402 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cooling assembly comprises a cooling pipeline and a chiller. The cooling pipeline is installed inside the box body 101 . The negative temperature circulating fluid generated by the cooler is circulated and transported in the cooling pipeline, and the heat inside the box body 101 is taken away by the negative temperature circulating fluid, thereby lowering the temperature of the box body 101. Let The temperature inside the box body 101 is controlled by controlling the temperature of the negative temperature circulating liquid transported by the cooler.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, the temperature monitoring assembly comprises several temperature sensors. The temperature sensor is installed both inside the box body 101 and inside the tailings sample 3 . The temperature sensors are installed at both the center and edge of the tailings sample 3, and the change in the temperature inside the box body 101 is grasped in real time from the information output from the temperature sensors.

In this embodiment, the constant pressure assembly 401 comprises a constant pressure cylinder 4012, a piston 4013 and a load plate 4014, as shown in FIGS. 1-5. The piston 4013 is installed inside the constant pressure cylinder 4012 . Said piston 4013 and said constant pressure cylinder 4012 cooperate slidably. The constant pressure cylinder 4012 and the closed space communicate with each other through a connection pipe 6 . The piston 4013 and the load plate 4014 are fixedly connected by a piston rod 4016 . By adding weight to the pressurizing member 403 , the pressurizing member 403 provides a constant pressure to the gas in the constant pressure cylinder 4012 by the piston 4013 . If the mass of the weight on the pressurization member 403 does not change, the pressure of the gas in the pressurization cylinder 402 is kept constant, thereby providing a constant pressure to the tailings sample 3 .

In this embodiment, the constant pressure assembly 401 further comprises a guide rod 4015, as shown in FIGS. The guiding direction of the guide rod 4015 is parallel to the sliding direction of the piston 4013 . The load plate 4014 and the guide rod 4015 are in slidable cooperation. Said guide rod 4015 is fixedly connected to said constant pressure cylinder 4012 . The stability of the load plate 4014 can be enhanced.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the pressure cylinder 402 is provided with length scales. The degree of freezing expansion of the tailing sample 3 can be intuitively observed by the length scale.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, a set of constant pressure assemblies 401 communicates with the closed spaces within the pressurized cylinders 402 at both ends of several sets of the tailings samples 3. are doing. Simultaneous pressing of multiple sets of said tailings samples 3 is realized.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, several sets of the freezer boxes 1 are installed at the same time, the temperature in each set of freezer boxes is different, and each freezer box 1 has: The same number of tailings samples 3 are placed and batch runs are run simultaneously.

In this embodiment, an elastic sealing film 404 is installed between the pressure member 403 and the tailings sample 3, as shown in FIGS. The elastic sealing film 404 is fixedly connected to the pressure cylinder 402 . The elastic sealing film can prevent the gas in the pressurized cylinder from entering the tailings sample 3 and does not affect the expansion of the tailings sample 3 . Said pressure member 403 consists of joining several annular slip rings 4031, said adjacent annular slip rings 4031 slidably cooperating. The outermost annular slip ring 4031 and the pressurizing cylinder 402 cooperate slidably. The central annular slip ring 4031 is cylindrical, and the remaining annular slip rings 4031 are annular. The tailing sample 3 is a cylindrical body, and the tailing sample 3 is frozen from the outside to the inside during the freezing process, and the deformation of the tailing sample is also different. When deformation occurs, the annular slip ring 4031 is pushed to move, and the movement of the annular slip ring 4031 determines the deformation status and deformation order of the tailings samples 3 at different positions away from the axis. can know.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air filling device is further provided. The air filling device comprises an air pump and a valve. The air pump communicates with the constant pressure cylinder 4012 . The valve is installed between the air pump and the constant pressure cylinder 4012 . The closed system formed between the constant pressure cylinder 4012 and the pressurized cylinder 402 is replenished with gas.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the constant pressure cylinder 4012 is equipped with a barometer. The barometer is used to measure the magnitude of pressure within the constant pressure cylinder 4012 . The pressure applied to the tailings sample 3 can be calculated from the magnitude of the pressure indicated by the barometer.

The deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze-expansion method comprises a pressurized freezing step and an observation step.

In the pressurized freezing step, the pressurized cylinder 402 covers both ends of the sampler 2, and a number of the freezer boxes 1 are installed, and each freezer box 1 contains the same number of tailings samples 3 and numbering the tailings samples from 1, the pressure cylinders 402 at both ends of the tailings samples 3 of the same number in each of the freeze boxes 1 are placed on the same set of constant pressure assemblies 401 By supplying gas to the closed system after communication with the air filling device, the pressurizing material 403 is brought into close contact with the tailings sample 3, the valve is closed, and the closed system To prevent the gas inside from leaking out, put weights of different masses on the load plate 4014 of each set of constant pressure assemblies 401, close the lid of the box body 101, and activate the cooling assembly. The tailing samples 3 in the box body 101 are frozen, and the temperatures in each of the freezing boxes 1 are different.

It can be ensured that the same numbered tailings samples 3 are subjected to the same pressure in the freezer boxes 1 at different temperatures. Also, in the same freezer box 1, different pressure tailing samples 3 undergo freezing at the same temperature.

In the observation step, a photographing time is preset, and when the preset time is reached, the light source 502 is automatically turned on, the camera 501 photographs the pressure cylinder 402, and the camera 501 takes a photograph. By photographing , the degree of freeze expansion of the tailing sample 3 is observed.

From the above, it can be concluded that when the tailings sample 3 is placed in the freezer box 1 together with the sampler 2 and frozen, the disturbance to the tailings sample 3 is reduced and the constant pressure assembly 401 is placed in the pressurization cylinder 402. is maintained at a constant pressure, the pressurizing member 403 is always subjected to a constant gas pressure during movement, so that the pressurizing member 403 is applied to the tailings sample 3 at Constant pressure can be provided. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various drawbacks of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or alter the above-described examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any equivalent modification or change completed based on the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention for those skilled in the art should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

(Description of symbols)
1 freezer box 101 box body 102 box lid 2 sampler 3 tailings sample 401 constant pressure assembly 4011 weight 4012 constant pressure cylinder 4013 piston 4014 load plate 4015 guide rod 4016 piston rod 402 pressure cylinder 403 pressure member 4031 annular slip ring 404 elasticity Sealing film 5 Observation system 501 Camera 502 Light source 6 Connection pipe

Claims (10)

Equipped with freezer box, sampler, load system and observation system,
said freezer box comprising a box body, a cooling assembly and a temperature monitoring assembly, said cooling assembly cooling an interior of said box body, said temperature monitoring assembly monitoring temperature changes within said box body;
The sampler is filled with a tailings sample and installed inside the box body,
The loading system comprises a constant pressure assembly, a pressurizing cylinder and a pressurizing member, two of the pressurizing cylinders being symmetrically and fixedly mounted on opposite ends of the sampler respectively, the pressurizing member comprising the pressurizing member. installed inside a pressure cylinder, the pressurizing member and the pressurizing cylinder are slidably cooperated, the pressurizing member and the pressurizing cylinder form an enclosed space, and the constant pressure assembly comprises: controlling the gas in the enclosed space to maintain a constant pressure;
The observation system comprises a camera and a light source, the pressurized cylinder is a transparent structure, the pressurized cylinder is within the imaging range of the camera, and the light source is installed inside the box body. A deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system, characterized in that it provides illumination for photographing by said camera. The cooling assembly comprises a cooling pipeline and a chiller, the cooling pipeline is installed inside the box body, and the negative temperature circulating liquid produced by the chiller circulates in the cooling pipeline. The deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system of claim 1, wherein the deep saturated soft tailings raw sample freeze expansion test system is transported by 3. The deep saturation reactor of claim 2, wherein said temperature monitoring assembly comprises a number of temperature sensors, said temperature sensors being both located within said box body and within said tailings sample. Freeze expansion test system for soft tailing raw samples. The constant pressure assembly comprises a constant pressure cylinder, a piston and a load plate, the piston mounted within the constant pressure cylinder, the piston and the constant pressure cylinder slidably cooperating, and the constant pressure 2. The deep saturated soft core of claim 1, wherein the closed space in the cylinder and the pressurized cylinder are in communication with each other, and the piston and the load plate are fixedly connected by a piston rod. tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system. The constant pressure assembly further comprises a guide rod, a guiding direction of the guiding rod being parallel to a sliding direction of the piston, the load plate slidably cooperating with the guiding rod, and is fixedly connected to said constant pressure cylinder. 5. The deep saturated soft tail of claim 4, wherein each set of said constant pressure assemblies simultaneously communicates with said closed spaces within said pressurized cylinders at opposite ends of several sets of said tailings samples. Ore-like sample freeze expansion test system. An elastic sealing film is placed between the pressure member and the tailings sample, the elastic sealing film is fixedly connected to the pressure cylinder, and the pressure member is joined by some annular slip rings. The annular slip rings adjacent to each other are slidably cooperating, and the outermost annular slip ring and the pressure cylinder are slidably cooperating. Deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system as described. The load system further comprises an air charging device, the air charging device comprising an air pump and a valve, the air pump communicating with the constant pressure cylinder, and between the air pump and the constant pressure cylinder: The deep saturated soft tailings raw material freeze expansion test system according to claim 4, wherein the valve is installed in the. 9. The deep part of claim 8, wherein the constant pressure cylinder is equipped with a barometer, and the barometer is used to measure the pressure of the gas in the constant pressure cylinder. Saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system. Applied to the deep saturated soft tailing raw sample freeze expansion test system according to claim 9,
The pressurized cylinder covers both ends of the sampler, and a number of the freezer boxes are installed, each of which contains the same number of tailings samples, numbered from 1 for the tailings samples. and the pressurizing cylinders at both ends of the tailings samples of the same number in each of the freeze boxes communicate with the pressurizing cylinders on the same set of constant pressure assemblies, and after communicating with an air filling device Supplying gas to a closed system causes the pressurizer to be in intimate contact with the tailings sample, closes a valve to prevent leakage of gas in the closed system, and presses the gas in each set of the constant pressure assemblies. Place weights of different masses on top of the load plate, close the lid of the box body, activate the cooling assembly to freeze the tailings samples in the box body, and set in each of the freeze boxes. a pressurized freezing step with different freezing temperatures;
A photographing time is preset, and when the preset time is reached, the light source is automatically turned on, the camera photographs the pressure cylinder, and the camera photographs the tailings sample. and an observation step of observing the degree of freeze expansion of a deep saturated soft tailing raw material freeze expansion method.

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