CN105092449B - Heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus and its experimental method based on water - Google Patents
Heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus and its experimental method based on water Download PDFInfo
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- CN105092449B CN105092449B CN201510409244.XA CN201510409244A CN105092449B CN 105092449 B CN105092449 B CN 105092449B CN 201510409244 A CN201510409244 A CN 201510409244A CN 105092449 B CN105092449 B CN 105092449B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus based on water and its experimental method, its experimental provision part, on the basis of existing technology, box is tested by using the true triaxial of Split type structure form, and the rubber pallet of the special structure form adaptable with experiment box, so that in test specimen detrusion operation is carried out, will be substantially improved in terms of authenticity, accuracy and the reliability of simulation, and be easy to monitoring；The experimental provision of the present invention, because test specimen to be detected exerts a force in " three axially " of three-dimensional coordinate system simultaneously simultaneously, thus is a kind of " true triaxial " shearing seepage experimental apparatus truly.Its experimental method, relative to prior art, fidelity is high, testing result is true, accurate, good reliability the features such as.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind shearing seepage apparatus and its experimental method, more particularly to a kind of heat flow piercement based on water
Coal body true triaxial shears seepage experimental apparatus and its experimental method.
Background technology
Coal body permeability is to study the basic parameter that methane gas or water are migrated in coal body, and its simulation experiment study is
Presently the most common research method.
There is a common ground in the analogue experiment installation of prior art, i.e. it is one that the test specimen used, which holds experiment box,
Body formula structure, and situation of the simplex method to stress is only only accounted for, during its experiment, to the shear action produced by test specimen
In the presence of largely distortion or misalignment；Moreover, the simulation experiment study of liquid seepage can only be carried out, and it can not carry out watt
, there is larger use limitation in the research of this gas, it is impossible to which the seepage flow situation to coal body carries out comprehensive, systematic research.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple in construction, regulation is easy, water can be used to enter as fluid media
Row heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shears the experimental provision of Seepage Experiment.
The present invention is to achieve the above object the technical scheme adopted is that a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true three based on water
Axle shears seepage experimental apparatus, is supported the use with hydraulic station, detecting system, it includes frame, the first hydraulic jack, the second hydraulic pressure
Cylinder, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, true triaxial pressure chamber, test specimen apparatus for placing；Wherein：
The frame is tower structure, including top plate, bottom plate and column；
The top plate and bottom plate are rectangular steel plates, are respectively offered at four corner positions of the rectangular steel plates logical
Open-work；
The column is four, and each column is each passed through the corresponding through-hole on the top plate and bottom plate, and passes through spiral shell
Bolt formation is detachably connected；
The true triaxial pressure chamber includes the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel that top carries cover；
The pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is bottom lock, the cylinder of open topped, and a circle is provided with the open position of cylinder and is turned over
Side, the cover is face-flange structure, and O-ring seal is provided between the cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, and solid by bolt
Fixed connection；
The center position of bottom plate one side upward, is provided with the border circular areas surrounded by a circle flange, the pressure-bearing
Cylinder barrel is erect and is placed on inside the border circular areas；
First hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on the top plate, the piston rod of first hydraulic jack
The centre bore opened up on the top plate and the cover is vertically each passed through, and is extend into the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Both sides waist in the same level height of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is respectively symmetrically provided with a connection mouth of pipe, the company
Adapter mouth outer end outwards turns down to form a flange face flange；
One the first from left is right is bolted on the pressure-bearing cylinder respectively for the cylinder seat of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
At the flange face flange position of cylinder waist both sides；
The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted to the pressure-bearing cylinder in the horizontal direction respectively
In cylinder；
The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is vertically stretched into/is retracted in the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel from up to down；
A fuel feed hole and a steam vent are opened up on the cover respectively, the fuel feed hole passes through the external above-mentioned liquid of hydraulic oil pipe
Press the hydraulic oil delivery pump at station；
Inlet valve is installed on the hydraulic oil pipe；Internal thread is provided with the steam vent inwall, and is sealed by a jackscrew
It is stifled；
The bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is additionally provided with an outage, and the outage passes through oil exit pipe and outside oil storage oil
Case is connected, and draining valve is provided with oil exit pipe；
Characterized in that, the test specimen apparatus for placing is combining structure, including a rack assembly and true triaxial experiment
Box；The true triaxial tests box for split-type structural, including two experiment boxes, and this two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face, with
The mode that respective head is fitted with the afterbody of other side, is placed in the rack assembly into rotationally symmetrical, by the support
Sub-assembly is gripped, and shape is integral, is placed on the center of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel bottom；
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment box is respectively between the upper and lower frame of the rack assembly
Retain certain gap；
During work, when the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder presses downwards, its end is squeezed in above-mentioned positioned at right side
On that experiment box；
The rack assembly includes two supports, and two supports are separate, each arrangement in left and right；
The support is rectangle frame, and two horizontal sides of the rectangle frame are that two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges are
Section is square square column, wherein, the both ends of the cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two of the square column
End offers a through-hole respectively, and the two ends of the cylindrical column are passed from the through-hole in corresponding square column respectively,
And be bolted integral；
In above-mentioned two rack assembly, that support positioned at right side, the respective table of side inwardly of its two square columns
On face, be respectively welded with a longitudinal neck, longitudinal neck inserted with a bar shaped inserted block, the bar shaped inserted block with it is described
Longitudinal neck is into slidable connection；
The experiment box is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, and the center position before it with latter two face offers an insertion
, the first through hole of rectangular cross-section, the center position in two faces of left and right offers an insertion, rectangular cross-section
Two through holes；
The working end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder, is respectively fixedly connected with
One rectangular-shape briquetting；
The working end of the piston rod of 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shape briquetting；
The first neck is offered on the outer surface of the second rectangular-shape briquetting, and passes through first neck and table
Face is provided with the 3rd rectangular-shape briquetting formation slidable connection of fin；
The first through hole and shape, the size of the first rectangular-shape briquetting match；
Shape, the chi of second through hole respectively with each self-corresponding 4th rectangular-shape briquetting and the 3rd cuboid briquetting
It is very little to match；
The test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet, and the rubber pallet is integral type structure, including two sections, its
In one section be supreme lid and the box of one end end-plate-free, another section is two rubber strips for being parallel to each other, every rubber strip point
Not by the corresponding outward flange boundary line in open portion of the box, along towards the outside extended line direction in that side of the end-plate-free of box
On, extension is formed；
The rubber tray number is two, and the box position of each rubber pallet is embedded in corresponding described second and led to
In hole, into tight fit；
Above-mentioned two on rotationally symmetrical experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole vertically on
On the extended line direction in two longitudinal edge boundary lines, the sealing groove matched with the shape of rubber strips, size is respectively arranged with；
The rubber strip is entrapped in the groove, forms tight fit；
On the wall that one end of above-mentioned each experiment respective second through hole of box and rubber pallet end-plate-free is abutted, also
Water access way is offered respectively, one end of the water access way is connected with above-mentioned second through hole, the other end is to be arranged on reality
Test the connection mouth of pipe of the box outwardly on the wall of side；
Above-mentioned two water access way one be import, another be outlet, pass through flexible pipe and the fluid media respectively
It is tightly connected into the mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge, the fluid media enters the mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge is distinguished
It is connected with water supply installation and water reception device supporting outside experimental provision by fluid media pipeline；Water supply installation water receives dress
Put
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallet surrounds to place in the cavity of a hexahedral shape, the cavity and used jointly
The test specimen of Seepage Experiment is sheared in heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial；The appearance and size of the test specimen matches with the cavity,
When test specimen is put such as the cavity inside, each wall formation interference fits of surrounding of test specimen and cavity；
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth cuboid briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, pressure is respectively installed
Sensor；
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducers are respectively installed；
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed；
Enter with above-mentioned fluid media on fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and pressure regulator valve is installed, it is and upper
Fluid media discharge is stated with the fluid media pipeline of water reception device, being provided with device in Gas flowmeter；
Hydraulic oil thermostatic control system is further fixedly arranged on inside the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, for the hydraulic pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Oil temperature carries out dynamic regulation, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
The technical effect directly brought by the technical proposal is that, experimental result is true, accurate, reliable；And whole experiment dress
Put simple in construction, flexible adjustment easy.
This mainly due to " experiment box is split-type structural, including two experiment boxes, this two experiment box one the first from left are right,
Face-to-face, in the way of being fitted by respective head with the afterbody of other side, it is placed on into rotationally symmetrical in the rack assembly, by
The rack assembly is gripped, and shape is integral, is placed on the center of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel bottom；During work, when
When the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder presses downwards, its end is squeezed on above-mentioned that experiment box positioned at right side ", make
Test specimen is obtained when the piston rod of first hydraulic cylinder presses downwards, its suffered shearing force will not be by experiment box body in itself because stress becomes
The reaction force of the force with the piston rod of first hydraulic cylinder downwards produced by shape, in turn results in the actual suffered active force of test specimen
Size distortion, misalignment (that is, " active force " on the active force and actual transfer to test specimen of the application detected size therebetween
Distortion, misalignment).
Moreover, " in the vertical direction, above-mentioned two tests the upper and lower side of the end of box respectively with the rack assembly
Retain certain gap between frame ", the use of this technological means so that right side experiment box applies work vertically downward in piston rod
In the case of firmly, can vertically occur relative (dislocation) displacement between left side experiment box and right side experiment box.That is, if
The test specimen in the chamber for testing the hexahedral shape that box is surrounded jointly in the left and right sides is put, will occur detrusion trend or cut
Shear deformation, this shearing strain quantity is by continuous enlargement, until test specimen is sheared destruction.It is not difficult to find out, this split-type structural shape
The true triaxial experiment box of formula, relative to the experiment box of the integral structure form of prior art, is carrying out test specimen detrusion behaviour
In work, it will be substantially improved in terms of authenticity, accuracy and the reliability of simulation, and monitoring of being more convenient for.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, used due to supporting " rubber pallet for integral type structure, including two sections, one section therein
For supreme lid and the box of one end end-plate-free, another section is two rubber strips being parallel to each other, and every rubber strip is respectively by described
The corresponding outward flange boundary line in open portion of box, along towards on the outside extended line direction in that side of the end-plate-free of box, extension
Into ", the rubber pallet of such a special structure form, on the one hand, so that the structure more reasonable, group of true triaxial experiment box
Dress more facilitates；On the other hand, in experimentation, the stress of the left and right sides of test specimen in the horizontal direction is by second and the 3rd liquid
The piston rod of cylinder pressure is provided, and is transferred to by the rubber support disk left and right sides on test specimen.Because the favorable elasticity of quality of rubber materials is deformed
Ability so that detected second and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod force, with test specimen actual loading, number therebetween
Value difference significantly reduces (or even can be described as, can be neglected)；It is of particular importance that another further aspect, this special structure form
Rubber pallet, it is ensured that left and right sides experiment box tests box this contact bonded to each other at two when being assembled integrally
The good sealing of the gas/liquid in face.
Be additionally, since () " in two rack assemblies, that support positioned at right side, the respective court of its two square columns
On the surface of interior side, respectively it is welded with a longitudinal neck, longitudinal neck inserted with a bar shaped inserted block, the bar shaped
Inserted block and longitudinal neck are into slidable connection ".The use of this technological means so that test box in first hydraulic cylinder in right side
Piston rod vertically downward force effect under, right side experiment box and rack assembly frame between frictional resistance significantly subtract
It is small.
Further, in above-mentioned technical proposal, " the piston rod of (applying extruding force from right side to test specimen) the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
Working end be fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shape briquetting；The first card is offered on the outer surface of second rectangular-shape briquetting
Groove, and the 3rd rectangular-shape briquetting that the first neck and surface are provided with fin forms slidable connection ", this technology hand
The use of section so that when test specimen is pressed down against in the piston rod of first piston cylinder, detrusion, fracture, dislocation, examination occur for test specimen
When the right half part of part produces downward mobile trend or displacement, due to the 3rd rectangular-shape pressure directly contacted with test specimen
Block can between test specimen and the 3rd rectangular-shape briquetting under the drive of frictional force, be generated synchronously with downward mobile trend or
Displacement.That is, in test specimen is in initial reference position, moves downward deviation reference position, whole motion process, the 3rd hydraulic pressure
Extruding force of the piston rod of cylinder from right to left on direction can be consistent all the time, be not in any jam or failure, entered
And influence the distortion of experimental result.
The combinations of above-mentioned technological means a series of is used so that each force and movement under force executing agency are mutually coordinated, phase
Interworking unification is caused, organically unified overall as one, effectively further ensure that the authenticity and accuracy of experimental result.
Further preferably, above-mentioned gap is more than 30mm.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, generally, raw coal (rock) or moulded coal the standard examination used
The appearance and size of part is 200 × 100 × 100mm, and practical experience is proved, when test specimen is because of failure by shear, and right side experiment box is downward
Relative shift be respectively less than 30mm.Therefore, it is 30mm by above-mentioned Interval selecting, it is compacter in structure, reasonable.
Further preferably, sealed between the piston rod and cover of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack using hole with Glais ring；
Hole is used between the second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod and the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
Sealed with Glais ring.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, in this way it can be ensured that this is with pressure closed for pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Container work is in stable condition, reliable.
Further preferably, the material of above-mentioned rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubbers.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, the material by rubber pallet is preferably IIR butyl rubbers,
Primary concern is that, IIR butyl rubbers have a good chemical stability and heat endurance, excellent air-tightness and watertightness,
And oil resistivity is good, its specifically used operating mode is particularly suitable for.
Further preferably, the thickness of above-mentioned rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
What the optimal technical scheme was directly brought has the technical effect that, it has been experienced that, the thickness of rubber pallet is more than 10mm,
It can ensure that its own has intensity that is certain, being easy to experimental implementation；Also, thickness is more than 10mm, it is ensured that it is not fragile
Damage, with good service life.
It is real that the second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage flow based on water
The experimental method of experiment device
The present invention is to realize the purpose the technical scheme adopted is that a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water
Shear the experimental method of seepage experimental apparatus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment：
According to requirement of experiment, it is previously prepared go out rectangular shape raw coal (rock) or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box,
Under the conditions of 80 DEG C, dry 24 hours, take out and wrapped with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, it is standby；
When experiment starts, first start each hydraulic cylinder and its respective piston rod bounces back, then open the cylinder of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Lid；Meanwhile, two rubber pallets are assembled respectively with two experiment boxes；
Then, the preservative film on test specimen is removed, it is uniform respectively on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen to smear one
Thickness about 0.5mm 704 silica gel；
After silica gel condenses, the hexahedral shape that the box position that test specimen is placed on into two rubber pallets is surrounded jointly
In cavity, and whole test specimen apparatus for placing is assembled in place by rack assembly, be put into the bottom centre position in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Put；
Second step, switches on power, and operates the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder synchronously to stretch out, directly
To its each end face and true triaxial experiment box be in contact, complete to test the spacing of box to true triaxial；
Start monitoring device, while reading, storing the initial value of following instrument：It is separately mounted to first, the 3rd,
Pressure sensor on four cuboid briquettings and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, is separately mounted to first, second, and third hydraulic pressure
LVDT displacement transducers on cylinder piston rod, the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and installed in true
D07-11CM type gas mass flow gauge or DMF-1 series of fluids on the external pipeline of triaxial tests box gas exhaust pipe mouthful
Mass flowmenter；
3rd step, experimental procedure：
The cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is covered, inlet valve, the closure jackscrew of removal steam vent is opened, closes draining valve；
Then, start oil feed pump, hydraulic oil is slowly injected into pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；Entertain cylinder pressure cylinder in be already filled with hydraulic pressure
Oil, steam vent screws on jackscrew and blocks steam vent there is no during gas discharge；
Oil feed pump opening is kept, so that hydraulic fluid pressure reaches and is maintained at setting pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Thermostatic control system is opened, by hydraulic fluid temperature control in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel in design temperature；
Then, device in Gas air-supplying valve is opened, by the pressure regulation valve regulation on device in Gas supply air line to setting value, and is kept
The supply gas pressure of device in Gas is constant；
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in stable state, the air bleeding valve closed on gas exhaust piping
Door, and continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, so that test specimen is in the dynamic equilibrium of an adsorption and desorption
State, after 24 hours, then opens the drain tap on gas exhaust piping；
After gas flowmeter registration is again at stable state, to hydraulic oil pressure force value, the first hydraulic pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
The extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of cylinder, the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is carried out
Serialization dynamic regulation, during regulation：The extruding force of the piston rod of the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is synchronous
Regulation, to ensure the symmetry of test specimen loading, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod are applied to examination
Extruding force on part is more than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Test specimen is treated under the piston rod extruding of first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, first hydraulic cylinder piston rod
Loading procedure is to complete；
In above-mentioned whole experiment process, monitoring system monitored over time, record by each instrument be transmitted back to Lai information, these
Information includes test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, stream
Measure the situation of change of data and above-mentioned each data.
The technical effect directly brought by the technical proposal is that, in experimentation, whole experimental provision is easy to operate, regulation
Nimbly and freely, all detection data are detected using automatic instrument(s), recorded.It is the most key, carrying out simulated experiment process
In, its fidelity is high, and testing result is true, accurate, good reliability.
In summary, the present invention has the advantages that relative to prior art：
1st, experimental provision is simple in construction, rationally distributed, easy to operate, flexible adjustment；
2nd, this experimental provision is during heat flow piercement coal body shearing Seepage Experiment is carried out, and it applies in vertical direction
While active force, also applied with fore-and-aft direction (fore-and-aft direction transmits pressure by the hydraulic oil in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel) in the horizontal direction
Plus active force, " three axles " force truly is realized, thus be " true triaxial ".
3rd, during simulated experiment is carried out, its fidelity is high, and testing result is true, accurate, good reliability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is true triaxial pressure chamber internal structure schematic diagram of the invention (not including pressure-bearing cylinder shell)；
Fig. 3 is experiment box axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the present invention looks up structural representation for testing box of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the rubber pallet of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the sample apparatus for placing of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the side structure schematic view of the sample apparatus for placing of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus of the invention based on water, with
Hydraulic station 6, detecting system supporting 7 is used, it include frame 2, the first hydraulic jack 5, second hydraulic cylinder 3, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 4,
True triaxial pressure chamber 1, test specimen apparatus for placing；Wherein：
Above-mentioned frame 2 is tower structure, including top plate 21, bottom plate 22 and column；
Above-mentioned top plate and bottom plate are rectangular steel plates, are respectively offered at four corner positions of above-mentioned rectangular steel plates logical
Open-work；
Above-mentioned column is four, and each column is each passed through the corresponding through-hole on above-mentioned top plate and bottom plate, and passes through spiral shell
Bolt formation is detachably connected；
Above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber includes the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel that top carries cover 11；
Above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is bottom lock, the cylinder of open topped, and a circle is provided with the open position of cylinder and is turned over
Side, above-mentioned cover is face-flange structure, and O-ring seal is provided between above-mentioned cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, and solid by bolt
Fixed connection；
The center position of above-mentioned bottom plate one side upward, is provided with the border circular areas surrounded by a circle flange, above-mentioned pressure-bearing
Cylinder barrel is erect and is placed on inside the border circular areas；
Above-mentioned first hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on above-mentioned top plate, the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack
The centre bore opened up on above-mentioned top plate and above-mentioned cover is vertically each passed through, and is extend into above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Both sides waist in the same level height of above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is respectively symmetrically provided with a connection mouth of pipe, above-mentioned company
Adapter mouth outer end outwards turns down to form a flange face flange；
One the first from left is right is bolted on above-mentioned pressure-bearing respectively for the cylinder seat of the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder 4 of second hydraulic cylinder 3 and the 3rd
At the flange face flange position of cylinder barrel waist both sides；
The piston rod of above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted to above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder in the horizontal direction respectively
In cylinder；
The piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder is vertically stretched into/is retracted in above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel from up to down；
A fuel feed hole and a steam vent are opened up on above-mentioned cover respectively, above-mentioned fuel feed hole passes through the external above-mentioned liquid of hydraulic oil pipe
Press the hydraulic oil delivery pump at station；
Inlet valve is installed on above-mentioned hydraulic oil pipe；Internal thread is provided with above-mentioned steam vent inwall, and is sealed by a jackscrew
It is stifled；
The bottom of above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is additionally provided with an outage, and above-mentioned outage passes through oil exit pipe and outside oil storage oil
Case is connected, and draining valve is provided with oil exit pipe；
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, it is characterised in that above-mentioned test specimen apparatus for placing is combining structure, an including rack assembly
10 and one true triaxial experiment box 8；Above-mentioned true triaxial tests box for split-type structural, including two experiment boxes, this two experiment boxes
One the first from left is right, face-to-face, and in the way of being fitted by respective head with the afterbody of other side, above-mentioned support group is placed on into rotationally symmetrical
In component, gripped by above-mentioned rack assembly, shape is integral, be placed on the center of above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel bottom；
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment box is respectively between the upper and lower frame of above-mentioned rack assembly
Retain certain gap；
During work, when the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder presses downwards, its end is squeezed in above-mentioned positioned at right side
On that experiment box.
Above-mentioned rack assembly includes two supports, and two supports are separate, each arrangement in left and right；
Above-mentioned support is rectangle frame, and two horizontal sides of above-mentioned rectangle frame are that two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges are
Section is square square column, wherein, the both ends of above-mentioned cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two of above-mentioned square column
End offers a through-hole respectively, and the two ends of above-mentioned cylindrical column are passed from the through-hole in corresponding square column respectively,
And be bolted integral；
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, in above-mentioned two rack assembly, that support positioned at right side, its two square columns are each
From the surface of side inwardly, respectively it is welded with a longitudinal neck 302, above-mentioned longitudinal neck inserted with a bar shaped inserted block
301, above-mentioned bar shaped inserted block 301 and above-mentioned longitudinal neck 302 are into slidable connection；
As shown in figure 3, above-mentioned experiment box 8 is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, the center position before it with latter two face is opened
Provided with an insertion, rectangular cross-section first through hole 202, the center position in two faces of left and right offer an insertion,
Second through hole 201 of rectangular cross-section；
The working end of the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder, is respectively fixedly connected with
One rectangular-shape briquetting 115；
The working end of the piston rod of above-mentioned 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shape briquetting 104；
The first neck is offered on the outer surface of above-mentioned second rectangular-shape briquetting, and passes through above-mentioned first neck and table
Face is provided with the 3rd rectangular-shape briquetting formation slidable connection of fin；(not shown)
Above-mentioned first through hole and shape, the size of above-mentioned first rectangular-shape briquetting match；
Shape, the chi of above-mentioned second through hole respectively with each self-corresponding 4th rectangular-shape briquetting and the 3rd cuboid briquetting
It is very little to match；
As shown in figure 5, above-mentioned test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet 9, above-mentioned rubber pallet is integral type structure,
Including two sections, one section therein is supreme lid and the box 207 of one end end-plate-free, and another section is two rubber strips being parallel to each other
206, every rubber strip is respectively by the corresponding outward flange boundary line in open portion of above-mentioned box, along towards that side of the end-plate-free of box
On outside extended line direction, extension is formed；
Above-mentioned rubber tray number is two, and the position of box 9 of each rubber pallet is embedded in corresponding above-mentioned second
In through hole, into tight fit；
As shown in figure 3, above-mentioned two on rotationally symmetrical experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole is along perpendicular
On the extended line direction in two upward longitudinal edge boundary lines of Nogata, it is respectively arranged with and matches with above-mentioned shape of rubber strips, size
Sealing groove 205；
Above-mentioned rubber strip is entrapped in above-mentioned groove, forms tight fit；
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, in that one end of above-mentioned each experiment respective second through hole of box and rubber pallet end-plate-free
On adjacent wall, water access way 203 is also offered respectively, and one end of the water access way connects with above-mentioned second through hole
Logical, the other end is the connection mouth of pipe 204 for being arranged on experiment box outwardly on the wall of side；
Above-mentioned two water access way one be import, another be outlet, pass through flexible pipe and above-mentioned fluid media respectively
It is tightly connected into the mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge, above-mentioned fluid media enters the mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge is distinguished
Pass through fluid media with water supply installation 12 (as shown in Figure 2) and water reception device (not shown) supporting outside experimental provision
Pipeline is connected；
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallet surrounds to place in the cavity of a hexahedral shape, above-mentioned cavity and used jointly
The test specimen of Seepage Experiment is sheared in heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial；The appearance and size of above-mentioned test specimen matches with above-mentioned cavity,
When test specimen is put such as the cavity inside, each wall formation interference fits of surrounding of test specimen and cavity；
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth cuboid briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, pressure is respectively installed
Sensor；
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducers are respectively installed；
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed；
Enter with above-mentioned fluid media on fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and pressure regulator valve is installed, it is and upper
Fluid media discharge is stated with the fluid media pipeline of water reception device, being provided with device in Gas flowmeter；
As shown in Fig. 2 hydraulic oil thermostatic control system 110 is further fixedly arranged on inside the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, for holding
Hydraulic oil temperature in cylinder pressure cylinder carries out dynamic regulation, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
Above-mentioned gap is more than 30mm.
Sealed between the piston rod and cover of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack using hole with Glais ring；
Hole is used between above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod and above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
Sealed with Glais ring.
The material of above-mentioned rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubbers.
The thickness of above-mentioned rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
To more fully understand the present invention, oozed the following detailed description of the above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing based on water
Flow the experimental method of experimental provision.
The above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears the experimental method of seepage experimental apparatus, and its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment：
According to requirement of experiment, it is previously prepared go out rectangular shape raw coal (rock) or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box,
Under the conditions of 80 DEG C, dry 24 hours, take out and wrapped with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, it is standby；
When experiment starts, first start each hydraulic cylinder and its respective piston rod bounces back, then open the cylinder of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Lid；Meanwhile, two rubber pallets are assembled respectively with two experiment boxes；
Then, the preservative film on test specimen is removed, it is uniform respectively on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen to smear one
Thickness about 0.5mm 704 silica gel；
After silica gel condenses, the hexahedral shape that the box position that test specimen is placed on into two rubber pallets is surrounded jointly
In cavity, and whole test specimen apparatus for placing is assembled in place by rack assembly, be put into the bottom centre position in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Put；
Second step, switches on power, and operates the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder synchronously to stretch out, directly
To its each end face and true triaxial experiment box be in contact, complete to test the spacing of box to true triaxial；
Start monitoring device, while reading, storing the initial value of following instrument：It is separately mounted to first, the 3rd,
Pressure sensor on four cuboid briquettings and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, is separately mounted to first, second, and third hydraulic pressure
LVDT displacement transducers on cylinder piston rod, the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and installed in true
D07-11CM type gas mass flow gauge or DMF-1 series of fluids on the external pipeline of triaxial tests box gas exhaust pipe mouthful
Mass flowmenter；
3rd step, experimental procedure：
The cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is covered, inlet valve, the closure jackscrew of removal steam vent is opened, closes draining valve；
Then, start oil feed pump, hydraulic oil is slowly injected into pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；Entertain cylinder pressure cylinder in be already filled with hydraulic pressure
Oil, steam vent screws on jackscrew and blocks steam vent there is no during gas discharge；
Oil feed pump opening is kept, so that hydraulic fluid pressure reaches and is maintained at setting pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Thermostatic control system is opened, by hydraulic fluid temperature control in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel in design temperature；
Then, device in Gas air-supplying valve is opened, by the pressure regulation valve regulation on device in Gas supply air line to setting value, and is kept
The supply gas pressure of device in Gas is constant；
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in stable state, the air bleeding valve closed on gas exhaust piping
Door, and continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, so that test specimen is in the dynamic equilibrium of an adsorption and desorption
State, after 24 hours, then opens the drain tap on gas exhaust piping；
After gas flowmeter registration is again at stable state, to hydraulic oil pressure force value, the first hydraulic pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
The extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of cylinder, the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is carried out
Serialization dynamic regulation, during regulation：The extruding force of the piston rod of the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is synchronous
Regulation, to ensure the symmetry of test specimen loading, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod are applied to examination
Extruding force on part is more than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Test specimen is treated under the piston rod extruding of first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, first hydraulic cylinder piston rod
Loading procedure is to complete；
In above-mentioned whole experiment process, monitoring system monitored over time, record by each instrument be transmitted back to Lai information, these
Information includes test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, stream
Measure the situation of change of data and above-mentioned each data.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus based on water, supporting with hydraulic station, detecting system
Use, it includes frame, the first hydraulic jack, second hydraulic cylinder, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, true triaxial pressure chamber, test specimen apparatus for placing；
Wherein：
The frame is tower structure, including top plate, bottom plate and column；
The top plate and bottom plate are rectangular steel plates, are respectively offered at four corner positions of the rectangular steel plates penetrating
Hole；
The column is four, and each column is each passed through the corresponding through-hole on the top plate and bottom plate, and passes through bolt shape
Into being detachably connected；
The true triaxial pressure chamber includes the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel that top carries cover；
The pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is bottom lock, the cylinder of open topped, and a circle flange, institute are provided with the open position of cylinder
Cover is stated for face-flange structure, O-ring seal, and the company of being bolted are provided between the cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Connect；
The center position of bottom plate one side upward, is provided with the border circular areas surrounded by a circle flange, the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Setting is placed on inside the border circular areas；
First hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on the top plate, and the piston rod edge of first hydraulic jack is perpendicular
The centre bore that Nogata is opened up to being each passed through on the top plate and the cover, and extend into the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Both sides waist in the same level height of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is respectively symmetrically provided with a connection mouth of pipe, the connecting tube
Mouth outer end outwards turns down to form a flange face flange；
In the two side walls of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, a fluid media is also respectively provided with into the mouth of pipe and a fluid media discharge pipe
Mouthful；
One the first from left is right is bolted on the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel waist respectively for the cylinder seat of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
At the flange face flange position of portion both sides；
The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted to the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel in the horizontal direction respectively
It is interior；
The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is vertically stretched into/is retracted in the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel from up to down；
A fuel feed hole and a steam vent are opened up on the cover respectively, the fuel feed hole passes through the external above-mentioned hydraulic station of hydraulic oil pipe
Hydraulic oil delivery pump；
Inlet valve is installed on the hydraulic oil pipe；Internal thread is provided with the steam vent inwall, and is blocked by a jackscrew；
The bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is additionally provided with an outage, and the outage is connected by oil exit pipe with outside oil storage fuel tank
Connect, draining valve is installed on oil exit pipe；
Characterized in that, the test specimen apparatus for placing is combining structure, including a rack assembly and true triaxial experiment box；Institute
State true triaxial and test box for split-type structural, including two are tested boxes, this two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face, with respective
The mode fitted with the afterbody of other side of head, be placed on into rotationally symmetrical in the rack assembly, by the holder combination
Part is gripped, and shape is integral, is placed on the center of the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel bottom；
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment box retains between the upper and lower frame of the rack assembly respectively
Certain gap；
During work, when the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder presses downwards, its end is squeezed in above-mentioned that positioned at right side
On individual experiment box；
The rack assembly includes two supports, and two supports are separate, each arrangement in left and right；
The support is rectangle frame, and two horizontal sides of the rectangle frame are that two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges are section
For the square column of square, wherein, the both ends of the cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two ends point of the square column
A through-hole is not offered, and the two ends of the cylindrical column are passed from the through-hole in corresponding square column respectively, and are led to
Bolt is crossed to be integrally fixed；
In above-mentioned two rack assembly, that support positioned at right side, its two square columns are each inwardly on the surface of side,
Respectively it is welded with a longitudinal neck, longitudinal neck inserted with a bar shaped inserted block, the bar shaped inserted block and the longitudinal direction
Neck is into slidable connection；
The experiment box is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, offer with the center position in latter two face before it insertion, cut
Face is the first through hole of rectangle, and the center position in two faces of left and right offers an insertion, rectangular cross-section second and led to
Hole；
The working end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder, is respectively fixedly connected with the first length
Cube briquetting；
The working end of the piston rod of 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second cuboid briquetting；
The first neck is offered on the outer surface of the second cuboid briquetting, and is set by first neck and surface
There is the 3rd cuboid briquetting formation slidable connection of fin；
The first through hole and shape, the size of the first cuboid briquetting match；
Shape, the size phase of second through hole respectively with each self-corresponding 4th cuboid briquetting and the 3rd cuboid briquetting
Match somebody with somebody；
The test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet, and the rubber pallet is integral type structure, including two sections, it is therein
One section is supreme lid and the box of one end end-plate-free, and another section is two rubber strips for being parallel to each other, every rubber strip respectively by
The corresponding outward flange boundary line in open portion of the box, along towards on the outside extended line direction in that side of the end-plate-free of box,
Extension is formed；
The rubber tray number is two, and the box position of each rubber pallet is embedded in corresponding second through hole
It is interior, into tight fit；
Above-mentioned two on rotationally symmetrical experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole vertically on two indulge
To on the extended line direction of boundary line, the sealing groove matched with the shape of rubber strips, size is respectively arranged with；
The rubber strip is entrapped in the groove, forms tight fit；
On the wall that one end of above-mentioned each experiment respective second through hole of box and rubber pallet end-plate-free is abutted, also distinguish
Water access way is offered, one end of the water access way is connected with above-mentioned second through hole, the other end is to be arranged on experiment box
The connection mouth of pipe on the wall of side outwardly；
Above-mentioned two water access way one be import, another be outlet, pass through flexible pipe and the fluid media respectively and enter
The mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge are tightly connected, the fluid media enter the mouth of pipe and fluid media discharge respectively with reality
Supporting water supply installation and water reception device are connected by fluid media pipeline outside experiment device；
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallet is surrounded jointly places in the cavity of a hexahedral shape, the cavity for heat
Fluid structurecoupling coal body true triaxial shears the test specimen of Seepage Experiment；The appearance and size of the test specimen matches with the cavity, works as examination
When part is put into the cavity inside, each wall formation interference fits of surrounding of test specimen and cavity；
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth cuboid briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, pressure sensing is respectively installed
Device；
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducers are respectively installed；
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed；
Enter with above-mentioned fluid media on the fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and pressure regulator valve is installed, with above-mentioned stream
Body medium discharge is with the fluid media pipeline of water reception device, being provided with device in Gas flowmeter；
Hydraulic oil thermostatic control system is further fixedly arranged on inside the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, for the hydraulic oil temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel
Dynamic regulation is carried out, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
2. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus according to claim 1 based on water, its feature
It is, the gap is more than 30mm.
3. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus according to claim 1 based on water, its feature
It is, is sealed between the piston rod and cover of first hydraulic jack using hole with Glais ring；
Hole lattice are used between the second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod and the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder
Lai Quan is sealed.
4. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus according to claim 1 based on water, its feature
It is, the material of the rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubbers.
5. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus according to claim 1 based on water, its feature
It is, the thickness of the rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
6. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears the experiment side of seepage experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment：
According to requirement of experiment, it is previously prepared go out rectangular shape raw coal rock or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box, in 80 DEG C of bars
Under part, dry 24 hours, take out and wrapped with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, it is standby；
When experiment starts, first start each hydraulic cylinder and its respective piston rod bounces back, then open the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；Together
When, two rubber pallets are assembled respectively with two experiment boxes；
Then, the preservative film on test specimen is removed, it is uniform respectively on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen to smear a thickness
0.5mm 704 silica gel；
After silica gel condenses, the cavity for the hexahedral shape that the box position that test specimen is placed on into two rubber pallets is surrounded jointly
It is interior, and assembled whole test specimen apparatus for placing in place by rack assembly, it is put into the bottom centre position in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Second step, switches on power, and operates the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder synchronously to stretch out, until its
Respective end face is in contact with true triaxial experiment box, completes to test the spacing of box to true triaxial；
Start monitoring device, while reading, storing the initial value of following instrument：It is separately mounted to first, the three, the 4th length
Pressure sensor on cube briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, is separately mounted to the work of first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder
LVDT displacement transducers on stopper rod, the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and installed in true triaxial
Test the D07-11CM type gas mass flow gauge or DMF-1 series of fluids quality on the external pipeline of box gas exhaust pipe mouthful
Flowmeter；
3rd step, experimental procedure：
The cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is covered, inlet valve, the closure jackscrew of removal steam vent is opened, closes draining valve；
Then, start oil feed pump, hydraulic oil is slowly injected into pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；Entertain cylinder pressure cylinder in be already filled with hydraulic oil, row
Stomata screws on jackscrew and blocks steam vent there is no during gas discharge；
Oil feed pump opening is kept, so that hydraulic fluid pressure reaches and is maintained at setting pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Thermostatic control system is opened, by hydraulic fluid temperature control in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel in design temperature；
Then, device in Gas air-supplying valve is opened, by the pressure regulation valve regulation on device in Gas supply air line to setting value, and gas is kept
The supply gas pressure of gas is constant；
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in stable state, the drain tap closed on gas exhaust piping, and
Continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, so that test specimen is in the dynamic balance state of an adsorption and desorption,
After 24 hours, then open the drain tap on gas exhaust piping；
After gas flowmeter registration is again at stable state, to hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, first hydraulic cylinder
The extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of piston rod, the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder carries out continuous
Change dynamic regulation, during regulation：The extruding force of the piston rod of the piston rod of second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is adjusted in synchronism,
To ensure the symmetry of test specimen loading, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod are applied on test specimen
Extruding force is more than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel；
Test specimen is treated under the piston rod extruding of first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, the loading of first hydraulic cylinder piston rod
Process is to complete；
In above-mentioned whole experiment process, monitoring system monitored over time, record by each instrument be transmitted back to Lai information, these information
Include test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, flow number
According to and above-mentioned each data situation of change.
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| CN106706499A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | True triaxial test device and system |
| CN106872330A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | True triaxial test method and system |
| CN108152149B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽理工大学 | True triaxial shear experimental device and using method thereof |
| CN107941615B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2024-03-19 | 四川德翔科创仪器有限公司 | Triaxial test machine and test system |
| CN108333052A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-27 | 中山大学 | A kind of integrin mechanism of the fully transparent instrument group of rock high stress |
| CN108304643B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-07-06 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Dimensionless method of cavity fluid-solid coupling equation |
| CN108181225B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2020-05-15 | 甘肃省建材科研设计院 | Seepage-proofing performance and air permeability testing device and testing method |
| CN109187926B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | Three-axis seepage test device for fractured coal rock mass and desorption-diffusion-seepage test system |
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