CN105092449A - Water-based heat-fluid-solid coupling true triaxial shear seepage test apparatus for coal body and test method using apparatus - Google Patents
Water-based heat-fluid-solid coupling true triaxial shear seepage test apparatus for coal body and test method using apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105092449A CN105092449A CN201510409244.XA CN201510409244A CN105092449A CN 105092449 A CN105092449 A CN 105092449A CN 201510409244 A CN201510409244 A CN 201510409244A CN 105092449 A CN105092449 A CN 105092449A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-based heat-fluid-solid coupling true triaxial shear seepage test apparatus for coal body and a test method using the apparatus. According to the test apparatus, on the basis of the prior art, a true triaxial test box with a separated structure is employed, and two rubber pallets each possessing a special structure matched with the test box are employed, so that the simulation authenticity, accuracy and reliability are substantially improved during shear deformation operation of a test piece, and monitoring is facilitated. According to the test apparatus, because the to-be tested test piece is subjected to the force along the three axial directions of a stereo coordinate system, the test apparatus is a true triaxial shear seepage test apparatus in a real sense. Compared with the prior art, the test method using the test apparatus is high in simulation degree, and possesses the characteristics of true and accurate result, good reliability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shearing seepage apparatus and experimental technique thereof, particularly relate to a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water and shear seepage experimental apparatus and experimental technique thereof.
Background technology
Coal body permeability is the basic parameter that research methane gas or water are migrated in coal body, and its simulation experiment study is research method the most common at present.
There is a common ground in the analogue experiment installation of prior art, that is, the test specimen adopted holds experiment box and is integral structure, and only considers the situation of single normal stress, in its experimentation, distortion largely or misalignment are existed to the shear action that test specimen produces; And, the simulation experiment study of liquid seepage can only be carried out, and the research of device in Gas can not be carried out, there is larger use limitation, cannot carry out comprehensively the seepage flow situation of coal body, systematic research.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is, provide a kind of structure simple, regulate easy, water can be used to carry out as fluid media the experimental provision that heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shears Seepage Experiment.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is, a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears seepage experimental apparatus, support the use with Hydraulic Station, detection system, it comprises frame, the first hydraulic jack, the second hydraulic cylinder, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, true triaxial pressure chamber, test specimen apparatus for placing; Wherein:
Described frame is tower structure, comprises top board, base plate and column;
Described top board and base plate are rectangular steel plates, and four corner position places of described rectangular steel plates offer through-hole respectively;
Described column is four, and each column is each passed through the through-hole of the correspondence on described top board and base plate, and is removably connected by bolt formation;
Described true triaxial pressure chamber comprises the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel of top with cover;
Described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is the cylinder of base seal, open topped, and the open position place of cylinder is provided with a circle flange, and described cover is flat-face flange structure, is provided with O RunddichtringO, and is bolted to connection between described cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
The center position of described base plate one side upward, is provided with by the border circular areas that surrounds of circle flange, and described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel erects that to be placed on this border circular areas inner;
Described first hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on described top board, and the piston rod of described first hydraulic jack is vertically each passed through the center pit that described top board and described cover are offered, and extend in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Both sides waist on the same level height of described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is symmetrically arranged with a connection mouth of pipe respectively, and described connection mouth of pipe outer end outwards turns down formation one flange face flange;
Cylinder seat one the first from left of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder parts the flange face flange position not being bolted on described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel waist both sides on the right side;
The piston rod of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel respectively in the horizontal direction;
The piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder from up to down vertically stretches into/is retracted in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Described cover is offered respectively an oil supply hole and a vent port, described oil supply hole is by the hydraulic oil discharge pump of the external above-mentioned Hydraulic Station of hydraulic oil pipe;
Described hydraulic oil pipe is installed into fuel tap; Described vent port inwall is provided with internal thread, and by a jackscrew shutoff;
The bottom of described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is also provided with an outage, and described outage is connected with outside oil storage fuel tank by draw-off pipe, and draw-off pipe is provided with draining valve;
It is characterized in that, described test specimen apparatus for placing is unitized construction, comprises a rack assembly and true triaxial experiment box; Described true triaxial experiment box is split-type structural, comprise two experiment boxes, these two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face, in the mode that the afterbody of respective head and the other side is fitted, Rotational Symmetry is become to be placed in described rack assembly, gripped by described rack assembly, shape is in aggregates, is placed on the center bottom described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment boxes retains certain gap respectively and between the upper and lower frame of described rack assembly;
During work, when the piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder is exerted pressure downwards, its end is squeezed on that experiment box on the right side of above-mentioned being positioned at;
Described rack assembly comprises two supports, and these two supports are separate, left and right each is arranged;
Described support is rectangle frame, two horizontal sides of described rectangle frame are two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges be cross section are foursquare square column, wherein, the both ends of described cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two ends of described square column offer a through-hole respectively, the two ends of described cylindrical column pass respectively from the through-hole the square column of correspondence, and are bolted integral;
In above-mentioned two rack assemblies, be positioned at that support on right side, on the surface of its two square column side inwardly separately, be welded with a longitudinal draw-in groove respectively, be inserted with a bar shaped inserted block in described longitudinal draw-in groove, described bar shaped inserted block becomes slidably to be connected with described longitudinal draw-in groove;
Described experiment box is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, offers through, that cross section is rectangle first through hole before it with the center position in latter two face, and the center position in left and right two faces offers through, that cross section is rectangle second through hole;
The working end of the piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, is fixedly connected with the first rectangular-shaped briquetting respectively;
The working end of the piston rod of described 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shaped briquetting;
The outer surface of described second rectangular-shaped briquetting offers the first draw-in groove, and is formed by the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting that described first draw-in groove and surface are provided with fin and be slidably connected;
Shape, the size of described first through hole and described first rectangular-shaped briquetting match;
Described second through hole matches with the shape of each self-corresponding 4th rectangular-shaped briquetting and the 3rd rectangular parallelepiped briquetting, size respectively;
Described test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet, described rubber pallet is integral type structure, comprise two sections, wherein one section is without upper cover and the box of one end end-plate-free, another section is two rubber strips be parallel to each other, every root rubber strip is respectively by outward flange boundary line corresponding to the uncovered portion of described box, along towards on outside extended line direction, that side of end-plate-free of box, extension forms;
Described rubber tray number is two, and the box position of each rubber pallet embeds in described second through hole corresponding with it, becomes wringing fit;
On the extended line direction in the above-mentioned two longitudinal edge boundary lines that two become on rotational symmetric experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole is vertically gone up, be respectively arranged with the sealing groove matched with described shape of rubber strips, size;
Described rubber strip is entrapped in described groove, forms wringing fit;
On the wall that one end of respective the second through hole of above-mentioned each experiment box and rubber pallet end-plate-free is adjacent, also offer water access way respectively, one end of described water access way is communicated with above-mentioned second through hole, and the other end is be arranged on the connection mouth of pipe on the wall of experiment box side outwardly;
Above-mentioned two water access ways one be import, another for outlet, enter the mouth of pipe and fluid media respectively by flexible pipe and described fluid media to discharge the mouth of pipe and be tightly connected, described fluid media enters the mouth of pipe and discharges mouth of pipe water supply installation outside supporting with experimental provision respectively with fluid media and water receiving trap is connected by fluid media pipeline; Water supply installation water receiving trap
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallets surrounds the cavity of a hexahedral shape jointly, places and be used for the test specimen that heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shears Seepage Experiment in described cavity; Physical dimension and the described cavity of described test specimen match, and when test specimen is put as this cavity inside, each wall of surrounding of test specimen and cavity forms transition fit;
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, respectively pressure transducer is installed;
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducer is installed respectively;
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed;
And above-mentioned fluid media enters on the fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and is provided with pressure regulator valve, discharges on the fluid media pipeline of the mouth of pipe and water receiving trap, be provided with device in Gas flowmeter with above-mentioned fluid media;
Pressure-bearing cylinder barrel inside is also fixedly installed hydraulic oil thermostatic control system, for carrying out dynamic adjustments to the hydraulic oil temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
The technique effect that technique scheme is directly brought is, experimental result is true, accurate, reliable; And whole experimental provision structure is simple, flexible adjustment is easy.
This is mainly because " experiment box is split-type structural; comprise two experiment boxes; these two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face; the mode of fitting with the afterbody of the other side with respective head; one-tenth Rotational Symmetry is placed in described rack assembly; gripped by described rack assembly, shape is in aggregates, is placed on the center bottom described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; During work, when the piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder is exerted pressure downwards, its end is squeezed in above-mentioned being positioned on that experiment box on right side "; make test specimen when the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is exerted pressure downwards; shearing force suffered by it can not be subject to the reacting force of testing the force downward with the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder that box body itself produces because of stress deformation; and then cause amount of force distortion suffered by test specimen reality, misalignment (that is, the acting force of the applying detected and actual transfer are to " acting force " the size distortion therebetween on test specimen, misalignment).
And, " in the vertical direction; the end of above-mentioned two experiment boxes retains certain gap respectively and between the upper and lower frame of described rack assembly ", the employing of this technological means, make right side experiment box when piston rod applies acting force vertically downward, left side experiment box is tested between box with right side and relative (dislocation) displacement can vertically be occurred.That is, be arranged on the test specimen in the chamber of the hexahedral shape that left and right sides experiment box surrounds jointly, detrusion trend or detrusion will occur, and this shearing strain quantity is by continuous enlargement, until test specimen is sheared destruction.Be not difficult to find out, the true triaxial experiment box of this split-type structural form, relative to the experiment box of the integral structure form of prior art, is carrying out in test specimen detrusion operation, the authenticity simulated, accuracy and reliability aspect will significantly promote, and monitoring of being more convenient for.
In technique scheme, due to supporting employing " rubber pallet is integral type structure; comprise two sections; wherein one section is without upper cover and the box of one end end-plate-free; another section is two rubber strips be parallel to each other; every root rubber strip respectively by outward flange boundary line corresponding to the uncovered portion of described box, along towards on outside extended line direction, that side of end-plate-free of box; extend and form ", a kind of like this rubber pallet of special structure form, on the one hand, make true triaxial test the structure of box more rationally, assemble convenient; On the other hand, in experimentation, the test specimen left and right sides in the horizontal direction stressed by second and the 3rd the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder provide, be passed on test specimen through the rubber support dish left and right sides.Due to the favorable elasticity deformability of quality of rubber materials, make detected second and the 3rd force of piston rod of hydraulic cylinder, with test specimen actual loading, numerical difference therebetween significantly reduces (even can be described as, can ignore); The particularly important is, more on the one hand, the rubber pallet of this special structure form, when can ensure that left and right sides experiment box is assembled into one, tests the good sealing of the gas/liquid of box this surface of contact bonded to each other at two.
And, due to () " in two rack assemblies; be positioned at that support on right side; on the surface of its two square column side inwardly separately; be welded with a longitudinal draw-in groove respectively; be inserted with a bar shaped inserted block in described longitudinal draw-in groove, described bar shaped inserted block becomes slidably to be connected with described longitudinal draw-in groove ".The employing of this technological means, make experiment box in right side under the piston rod force effect vertically downward of the first hydraulic cylinder, the frictional resistance between right side experiment box and the frame of rack assembly significantly reduces.
Further, in technique scheme, " working end of the piston rod of (applying extruding force from right side to test specimen) the 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shaped briquetting, the outer surface of the second rectangular-shaped briquetting offers the first draw-in groove, and formed by the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting that the first draw-in groove and surface are provided with fin be slidably connected ", the employing of this technological means, make to extrude downwards at the piston rod of first piston cylinder when test specimen, test specimen generation detrusion, fracture, dislocation, when the right half part of test specimen produces downward mobile trend or displacement, due to, the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting directly contacted with test specimen can between test specimen and the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting friction force drive under, synchronously produce downward mobile trend or displacement.Namely, be in initial reference position at test specimen, move downward and depart from reference position, in whole motion process, the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder extruding force from right to left on direction can be consistent all the time, there will not be any jam or inefficacy, and then affect the distortion of experimental result.
The combination of above-mentioned a series of technological means adopts, and each force is coordinated mutually with movement under force topworks, cooperatively interacts consistent, become an organic Unified Global, effectively ensure that authenticity and the accuracy of experimental result further.
Further preferably, above-mentioned gap is more than 30mm.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is, usually, the raw coal (rock) adopted or the physical dimension of moulded coal standard specimen are 200 × 100 × 100mm, and practical experience proves, when test specimen is because of shear failure, the relative shift that box is tested downward in right side is all less than 30mm.Therefore, be 30mm by above-mentioned Interval selecting, structurally compacter, reasonable.
Further preferably, hole Glais ring is adopted to seal between the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack and cover;
Hole Glais ring is all adopted to seal between the piston rod of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder and described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is, like this, can guarantee this closed container stable working state with pressure of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, reliable.
Further preferably, the material of above-mentioned rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubber.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is, the material of rubber pallet is preferably IIR butyl rubber, main it is considered that, IIR butyl rubber has good chemical stability and thermal stability, excellent impermeability and watertightness, and oil resistance is good, be particularly suitable for its concrete applying working condition.
Further preferably, the thickness of above-mentioned rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is that experience shows, the thickness of rubber pallet is more than 10mm, can ensure himself to have intensity that is certain, that be convenient to experimental implementation; Further, thickness is more than 10mm, can ensure its not cracky, have good serviceable life.
Two of object of the present invention is, provides a kind of above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water to shear the experimental technique of seepage experimental apparatus
The present invention for the technical scheme realizing this object and adopt be that a kind of heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears the experimental technique of seepage experimental apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment:
Experimentally requirement, previously prepared go out the raw coal (rock) of rectangular shape or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box, under 80 DEG C of conditions, dry 24 hours, take out and also wrap with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, for subsequent use;
Experiment start time, first start each hydraulic cylinder and by its separately piston rod retraction, then open the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Meanwhile, two rubber pallets and two are tested box to assemble respectively;
Subsequently, remove the preservative film on test specimen, on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen, uniform application thick layer is about 704 silica gel of 0.5mm respectively;
After silica gel condensation, in the cavity of the hexahedral shape that box position test specimen being placed on two rubber pallets surrounds jointly, and by rack assembly, whole test specimen apparatus for placing assembling is put in place, put into the bottom centre position of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Second step, switches on power, and the piston rod of the piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder that operate the second hydraulic cylinder synchronously stretches out, until its separately end face and true triaxial test box and contact, what complete true triaxial experiment box is spacing;
Start monitoring equipment, read simultaneously, store the initial value of following instrument: be arranged on the pressure transducer on the first, the 3rd, the 4th rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover respectively, be arranged on the LVDT displacement transducer on first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod respectively, be arranged on the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and the D07-11CM type mass-flow gas meter be arranged on the external pipeline of true triaxial experiment box gas exhaust pipe mouth or DMF-1 series of fluids mass flowmeter;
3rd step, experimental procedure:
Cover the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, open inlet valve, the shutoff jackscrew of removal vent port, close draining valve;
Then, oil feed pump is started, slow injection liquid force feed in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Entertain in cylinder pressure cylinder and fill hydraulic oil, vent port no longer includes gas when discharging, and jackscrew of screwing on blocks vent port;
Keep oil feed pump opening, reach to make hydraulic fluid pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel and remain on set pressure;
Open thermostatic control system, to control at design temperature by hydraulic fluid temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Then, open device in Gas air-supplying valve, the pressure regulator valve on device in Gas supply air line is adjusted to setting value, and keep the supply gas pressure of device in Gas constant;
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in steady state (SS), close the drain tap on gas exhaust piping, and continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, with the dynamic balance state making test specimen be in an adsorption and desorption, after 24 hours, then open the drain tap on gas exhaust piping;
After gas meter registration is in steady state (SS) again, serialization dynamic adjustments is carried out to the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of hydraulic oil pressure force value, the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, in adjustment process: the extruding force adjusted in concert of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, to ensure the symmetry that test specimen loads, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod extruding force be applied on test specimen are greater than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Treat that test specimen is under the piston rod extruding of the first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, namely the loading procedure of the first hydraulic cylinder piston rod completes;
In above-mentioned whole experimentation, monitoring system monitored over time, record and transmit the information of returning by each instrument, these information include the situation of change of test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, data on flows and above-mentioned each data.
The technique effect that technique scheme is directly brought is, in experimentation, whole experimental provision is easy and simple to handle, flexible adjustment freely, all detect data and all adopt that automatic instrument(s) detects, record.The most key, carrying out in simulated experiment process, its fidelity is high, and testing result is true, accurate, good reliability.
In sum, the present invention, relative to prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, experimental provision structure is simple, rationally distributed, easy and simple to handle, flexible adjustment;
2, this experimental provision is carrying out in heat flow piercement coal body shearing Seepage Experiment process, while it applies acting force in the vertical direction, also acting force is applied in the horizontal direction with on fore-and-aft direction (fore-and-aft direction is by the hydraulic oil transmission of pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel), achieve truly " three axles " force, because of but " true triaxial ".
3, carrying out in simulated experiment process, its fidelity is high, and testing result is true, accurate, good reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is true triaxial pressure chamber inner structure schematic diagram (not comprising pressure-bearing cylinder shell) of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is experiment box axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be experiment box of the present invention look up structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of rubber pallet of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the axle geodesic structure schematic diagram of sample apparatus for placing of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the side-looking structural representation of sample apparatus for placing of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water of the present invention shears seepage experimental apparatus, use with Hydraulic Station 6, detection system supporting 7, it comprises frame 2, first hydraulic jack 5, second hydraulic cylinder 3, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 4, true triaxial pressure chamber 1, test specimen apparatus for placing; Wherein:
Above-mentioned frame 2 is tower structure, comprises top board 21, base plate 22 and column;
Above-mentioned top board and base plate are rectangular steel plates, and four corner position places of above-mentioned rectangular steel plates offer through-hole respectively;
Above-mentioned column is four, and each column is each passed through the through-hole of the correspondence on above-mentioned top board and base plate, and is removably connected by bolt formation;
Above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber comprises the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel of top with cover 11;
Above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is the cylinder of base seal, open topped, and the open position place of cylinder is provided with a circle flange, and above-mentioned cover is flat-face flange structure, is provided with O RunddichtringO, and is bolted to connection between above-mentioned cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
The center position of above-mentioned base plate one side upward, is provided with by the border circular areas that surrounds of circle flange, and above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel erects that to be placed on this border circular areas inner;
Above-mentioned first hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on above-mentioned top board, and the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack is vertically each passed through the center pit that above-mentioned top board and above-mentioned cover are offered, and extend in above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Both sides waist on the same level height of above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is symmetrically arranged with a connection mouth of pipe respectively, and above-mentioned connection mouth of pipe outer end outwards turns down formation one flange face flange;
Cylinder seat one the first from left of above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder 3 and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder 4 parts the flange face flange position not being bolted on above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel waist both sides on the right side;
The piston rod of above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted in above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel respectively in the horizontal direction;
The piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder from up to down vertically stretches into/is retracted in above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Above-mentioned cover is offered respectively an oil supply hole and a vent port, above-mentioned oil supply hole is by the hydraulic oil discharge pump of the external above-mentioned Hydraulic Station of hydraulic oil pipe;
Above-mentioned hydraulic oil pipe is installed into fuel tap; Above-mentioned vent port inwall is provided with internal thread, and by a jackscrew shutoff;
The bottom of above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is also provided with an outage, and above-mentioned outage is connected with outside oil storage fuel tank by draw-off pipe, and draw-off pipe is provided with draining valve;
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned test specimen apparatus for placing is unitized construction, comprises a rack assembly 10 and true triaxial experiment box 8; Above-mentioned true triaxial experiment box is split-type structural, comprise two experiment boxes, these two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face, in the mode that the afterbody of respective head and the other side is fitted, Rotational Symmetry is become to be placed in above-mentioned rack assembly, gripped by above-mentioned rack assembly, shape is in aggregates, is placed on the center bottom above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment boxes retains certain gap respectively and between the upper and lower frame of above-mentioned rack assembly;
During work, when the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder is exerted pressure downwards, its end is squeezed in above-mentioned being positioned on that experiment box on right side.
Above-mentioned rack assembly comprises two supports, and these two supports are separate, left and right each is arranged;
Above-mentioned support is rectangle frame, two horizontal sides of above-mentioned rectangle frame are two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges be cross section are foursquare square column, wherein, the both ends of above-mentioned cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two ends of above-mentioned square column offer a through-hole respectively, the two ends of above-mentioned cylindrical column pass respectively from the through-hole the square column of correspondence, and are bolted integral;
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, in above-mentioned two rack assemblies, be positioned at that support on right side, on the surface of its two square column side inwardly separately, be welded with a longitudinal draw-in groove 302 respectively, be inserted with a bar shaped inserted block 301 in above-mentioned longitudinal draw-in groove, above-mentioned bar shaped inserted block 301 is slidably connected with above-mentioned longitudinal draw-in groove 302 one-tenth;
As shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned experiment box 8 is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, offer through, that cross section is rectangle first through hole 202 before it with the center position in latter two face, the center position in left and right two faces offers through, that cross section is rectangle second through hole 201;
The working end of the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, is fixedly connected with the first rectangular-shaped briquetting 115 respectively;
The working end of the piston rod of above-mentioned 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shaped briquetting 104;
The outer surface of above-mentioned second rectangular-shaped briquetting offers the first draw-in groove, and is formed by the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting that above-mentioned first draw-in groove and surface are provided with fin and be slidably connected; (not shown)
Shape, the size of above-mentioned first through hole and above-mentioned first rectangular-shaped briquetting match;
Above-mentioned second through hole matches with the shape of each self-corresponding 4th rectangular-shaped briquetting and the 3rd rectangular parallelepiped briquetting, size respectively;
As shown in Figure 5, above-mentioned test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet 9, above-mentioned rubber pallet is integral type structure, comprise two sections, wherein one section is without upper cover and the box 207 of one end end-plate-free, another section is two rubber strips be parallel to each other 206, and every root rubber strip is respectively by outward flange boundary line corresponding to the uncovered portion of above-mentioned box, along towards on outside extended line direction, that side of end-plate-free of box, extension forms;
Above-mentioned rubber tray number is two, and box 9 position of each rubber pallet embeds in above-mentioned second through hole corresponding with it, becomes wringing fit;
As shown in Figure 3, on the extended line direction in the above-mentioned two longitudinal edge boundary lines that two become on rotational symmetric experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole is vertically gone up, be respectively arranged with the sealing groove 205 matched with above-mentioned shape of rubber strips, size;
Above-mentioned rubber strip is entrapped in above-mentioned groove, forms wringing fit;
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, on the wall that one end of respective the second through hole of above-mentioned each experiment box and rubber pallet end-plate-free is adjacent, also offer water access way 203 respectively, one end of described water access way is communicated with above-mentioned second through hole, and the other end is be arranged on the connection mouth of pipe 204 on the wall of experiment box side outwardly;
Above-mentioned two water access ways one be import, another for outlet, enter the mouth of pipe and fluid media respectively by flexible pipe and above-mentioned fluid media to discharge the mouth of pipe and be tightly connected, above-mentioned fluid media enters the mouth of pipe and discharges mouth of pipe water supply installation 12 (as shown in Figure 2) outside supporting with experimental provision respectively with fluid media and water receiving trap (not shown) is connected by fluid media pipeline;
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallets surrounds the cavity of a hexahedral shape jointly, places and be used for the test specimen that heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shears Seepage Experiment in above-mentioned cavity; Physical dimension and the above-mentioned cavity of above-mentioned test specimen match, and when test specimen is put as this cavity inside, each wall of surrounding of test specimen and cavity forms transition fit;
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, respectively pressure transducer is installed;
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducer is installed respectively;
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed;
And above-mentioned fluid media enters on the fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and is provided with pressure regulator valve, discharges on the fluid media pipeline of the mouth of pipe and water receiving trap, be provided with device in Gas flowmeter with above-mentioned fluid media;
As shown in Figure 2, pressure-bearing cylinder barrel inside is also fixedly installed hydraulic oil thermostatic control system 110, for carrying out dynamic adjustments to the hydraulic oil temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
Above-mentioned gap is more than 30mm.
Hole Glais ring is adopted to seal between the piston rod of above-mentioned first hydraulic jack and cover;
Hole Glais ring is all adopted to seal between the piston rod of above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder and above-mentioned pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall.
The material of above-mentioned rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubber.
The thickness of above-mentioned rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
For understanding the present invention better, shear the experimental technique of seepage experimental apparatus the following detailed description of the above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water.
The above-mentioned heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears the experimental technique of seepage experimental apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment:
Experimentally requirement, previously prepared go out the raw coal (rock) of rectangular shape or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box, under 80 DEG C of conditions, dry 24 hours, take out and also wrap with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, for subsequent use;
Experiment start time, first start each hydraulic cylinder and by its separately piston rod retraction, then open the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Meanwhile, two rubber pallets and two are tested box to assemble respectively;
Subsequently, remove the preservative film on test specimen, on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen, uniform application thick layer is about 704 silica gel of 0.5mm respectively;
After silica gel condensation, in the cavity of the hexahedral shape that box position test specimen being placed on two rubber pallets surrounds jointly, and by rack assembly, whole test specimen apparatus for placing assembling is put in place, put into the bottom centre position of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Second step, switches on power, and the piston rod of the piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder that operate the second hydraulic cylinder synchronously stretches out, until its separately end face and true triaxial test box and contact, what complete true triaxial experiment box is spacing;
Start monitoring equipment, read simultaneously, store the initial value of following instrument: be arranged on the pressure transducer on the first, the 3rd, the 4th rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover respectively, be arranged on the LVDT displacement transducer on first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod respectively, be arranged on the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and the D07-11CM type mass-flow gas meter be arranged on the external pipeline of true triaxial experiment box gas exhaust pipe mouth or DMF-1 series of fluids mass flowmeter;
3rd step, experimental procedure:
Cover the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, open inlet valve, the shutoff jackscrew of removal vent port, close draining valve;
Then, oil feed pump is started, slow injection liquid force feed in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Entertain in cylinder pressure cylinder and fill hydraulic oil, vent port no longer includes gas when discharging, and jackscrew of screwing on blocks vent port;
Keep oil feed pump opening, reach to make hydraulic fluid pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel and remain on set pressure;
Open thermostatic control system, to control at design temperature by hydraulic fluid temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Then, open device in Gas air-supplying valve, the pressure regulator valve on device in Gas supply air line is adjusted to setting value, and keep the supply gas pressure of device in Gas constant;
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in steady state (SS), close the drain tap on gas exhaust piping, and continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, with the dynamic balance state making test specimen be in an adsorption and desorption, after 24 hours, then open the drain tap on gas exhaust piping;
After gas meter registration is in steady state (SS) again, serialization dynamic adjustments is carried out to the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of hydraulic oil pressure force value, the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, in adjustment process: the extruding force adjusted in concert of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, to ensure the symmetry that test specimen loads, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod extruding force be applied on test specimen are greater than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Treat that test specimen is under the piston rod extruding of the first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, namely the loading procedure of the first hydraulic cylinder piston rod completes;
In above-mentioned whole experimentation, monitoring system monitored over time, record and transmit the information of returning by each instrument, these information include the situation of change of test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, data on flows and above-mentioned each data.
Claims (6)
1. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water shears a seepage experimental apparatus, and support the use with Hydraulic Station, detection system, it comprises frame, the first hydraulic jack, the second hydraulic cylinder, the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, true triaxial pressure chamber, test specimen apparatus for placing; Wherein:
Described frame is tower structure, comprises top board, base plate and column;
Described top board and base plate are rectangular steel plates, and four corner position places of described rectangular steel plates offer through-hole respectively;
Described column is four, and each column is each passed through the through-hole of the correspondence on described top board and base plate, and is removably connected by bolt formation;
Described true triaxial pressure chamber comprises the pressure-bearing cylinder barrel of top with cover;
Described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is the cylinder of base seal, open topped, and the open position place of cylinder is provided with a circle flange, and described cover is flat-face flange structure, is provided with O RunddichtringO, and is bolted to connection between described cover and pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
The center position of described base plate one side upward, is provided with by the border circular areas that surrounds of circle flange, and described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel erects that to be placed on this border circular areas inner;
Described first hydraulic jack is arranged on the center position on described top board, and the piston rod of described first hydraulic jack is vertically each passed through the center pit that described top board and described cover are offered, and extend in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Both sides waist on the same level height of described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, is symmetrically arranged with a connection mouth of pipe respectively, and described connection mouth of pipe outer end outwards turns down formation one flange face flange;
In the two side walls of described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, be also respectively arranged with fluid medium and enter the mouth of pipe and the fluid medium discharge mouth of pipe;
Cylinder seat one the first from left of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder parts the flange face flange position not being bolted on described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel waist both sides on the right side;
The piston rod of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder stretches into/is retracted in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel respectively in the horizontal direction;
The piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder from up to down vertically stretches into/is retracted in described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Described cover is offered respectively an oil supply hole and a vent port, described oil supply hole is by the hydraulic oil discharge pump of the external above-mentioned Hydraulic Station of hydraulic oil pipe;
Described hydraulic oil pipe is installed into fuel tap; Described vent port inwall is provided with internal thread, and by a jackscrew shutoff;
The bottom of described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel is also provided with an outage, and described outage is connected with outside oil storage fuel tank by draw-off pipe, and draw-off pipe is provided with draining valve;
It is characterized in that, described test specimen apparatus for placing is unitized construction, comprises a rack assembly and true triaxial experiment box; Described true triaxial experiment box is split-type structural, comprise two experiment boxes, these two experiment box one the first from left are right, face-to-face, in the mode that the afterbody of respective head and the other side is fitted, Rotational Symmetry is become to be placed in described rack assembly, gripped by described rack assembly, shape is in aggregates, is placed on the center bottom described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
In the vertical direction, the end of above-mentioned two experiment boxes retains certain gap respectively and between the upper and lower frame of described rack assembly;
During work, when the piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder is exerted pressure downwards, its end is squeezed on that experiment box on the right side of above-mentioned being positioned at;
Described rack assembly comprises two supports, and these two supports are separate, left and right each is arranged;
Described support is rectangle frame, two horizontal sides of described rectangle frame are two cylindrical columns, two vertical edges be cross section are foursquare square column, wherein, the both ends of described cylindrical column are respectively arranged with screw thread, the two ends of described square column offer a through-hole respectively, the two ends of described cylindrical column pass respectively from the through-hole the square column of correspondence, and are bolted integral;
In above-mentioned two rack assemblies, be positioned at that support on right side, on the surface of its two square column side inwardly separately, be welded with a longitudinal draw-in groove respectively, be inserted with a bar shaped inserted block in described longitudinal draw-in groove, described bar shaped inserted block becomes slidably to be connected with described longitudinal draw-in groove;
Described experiment box is the hexahedral shape of hollow out, offers through, that cross section is rectangle first through hole before it with the center position in latter two face, and the center position in left and right two faces offers through, that cross section is rectangle second through hole;
The working end of the piston rod of described first hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, is fixedly connected with the first rectangular-shaped briquetting respectively;
The working end of the piston rod of described 3rd hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second rectangular-shaped briquetting;
The outer surface of described second rectangular-shaped briquetting offers the first draw-in groove, and is formed by the 3rd rectangular-shaped briquetting that described first draw-in groove and surface are provided with fin and be slidably connected;
Shape, the size of described first through hole and described first rectangular-shaped briquetting match;
Described second through hole matches with the shape of each self-corresponding 4th rectangular-shaped briquetting and the 3rd rectangular parallelepiped briquetting, size respectively;
Described test specimen apparatus for placing also includes rubber pallet, described rubber pallet is integral type structure, comprise two sections, wherein one section is without upper cover and the box of one end end-plate-free, another section is two rubber strips be parallel to each other, every root rubber strip is respectively by outward flange boundary line corresponding to the uncovered portion of described box, along towards on outside extended line direction, that side of end-plate-free of box, extension forms;
Described rubber tray number is two, and the box position of each rubber pallet embeds in described second through hole corresponding with it, becomes wringing fit;
On the extended line direction in the above-mentioned two longitudinal edge boundary lines that two become on rotational symmetric experiment box that face bonded to each other, the second through hole is vertically gone up, be respectively arranged with the sealing groove matched with described shape of rubber strips, size;
Described rubber strip is entrapped in described groove, forms wringing fit;
On the wall that one end of respective the second through hole of above-mentioned each experiment box and rubber pallet end-plate-free is adjacent, also offer water access way respectively, one end of described water access way is communicated with above-mentioned second through hole, and the other end is be arranged on the connection mouth of pipe on the wall of experiment box side outwardly;
Above-mentioned two water access ways one be import, another for outlet, enter the mouth of pipe and fluid media respectively by flexible pipe and described fluid media to discharge the mouth of pipe and be tightly connected, described fluid media enters the mouth of pipe and discharges mouth of pipe water supply installation outside supporting with experimental provision respectively with fluid media and water receiving trap is connected by fluid media pipeline;
The box position of above-mentioned two rubber pallets surrounds the cavity of a hexahedral shape jointly, places and be used for the test specimen that heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shears Seepage Experiment in described cavity; Physical dimension and the described cavity of described test specimen match, and when test specimen is put as this cavity inside, each wall of surrounding of test specimen and cavity forms transition fit;
On above-mentioned first, third and fourth rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover, respectively pressure transducer is installed;
On above-mentioned first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod, LVDT displacement transducer is installed respectively;
On the inwall of above-mentioned true triaxial pressure chamber, temperature sensor is installed;
And above-mentioned fluid media enters on the fluid media pipeline between the mouth of pipe and water supply installation and is provided with pressure regulator valve, discharges on the fluid media pipeline of the mouth of pipe and water receiving trap, be provided with device in Gas flowmeter with above-mentioned fluid media;
Pressure-bearing cylinder barrel inside is also fixedly installed hydraulic oil thermostatic control system, for carrying out dynamic adjustments to the hydraulic oil temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, to keep hydraulic oil constant temperature.
2. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water according to claim 1 shears seepage experimental apparatus, and it is characterized in that, described gap is more than 30mm.
3. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water according to claim 1 shears seepage experimental apparatus, it is characterized in that, adopts hole Glais ring to seal between the piston rod of described first hydraulic jack and cover;
Hole Glais ring is all adopted to seal between the piston rod of described second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder and described pressure-bearing cylinder barrel left and right sidewall.
4. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water according to claim 1 shears seepage experimental apparatus, and it is characterized in that, the material of described rubber pallet is IIR butyl rubber.
5. the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial based on water according to claim 1 shears seepage experimental apparatus, and it is characterized in that, the thickness of described rubber pallet is more than 10mm.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the experimental technique of the heat flow piercement coal body true triaxial shearing seepage experimental apparatus of water, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, Preparatory work of experiment:
Experimentally requirement, previously prepared go out the raw coal (rock) of rectangular shape or moulded coal standard specimen, enter drying box, under 80 DEG C of conditions, dry 24 hours, take out and also wrap with preservative film, be cooled to room temperature, for subsequent use;
Experiment start time, first start each hydraulic cylinder and by its separately piston rod retraction, then open the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Meanwhile, two rubber pallets and two are tested box to assemble respectively;
Subsequently, remove the preservative film on test specimen, on four walls of the front, rear, left and right of test specimen, uniform application thick layer is about 704 silica gel of 0.5mm respectively;
After silica gel condensation, in the cavity of the hexahedral shape that box position test specimen being placed on two rubber pallets surrounds jointly, and by rack assembly, whole test specimen apparatus for placing assembling is put in place, put into the bottom centre position of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Second step, switches on power, and the piston rod of the piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder that operate the second hydraulic cylinder synchronously stretches out, until its separately end face and true triaxial test box and contact, what complete true triaxial experiment box is spacing;
Start monitoring equipment, read simultaneously, store the initial value of following instrument: be arranged on the pressure transducer on the first, the 3rd, the 4th rectangular parallelepiped briquetting and true triaxial pressure chamber cover respectively, be arranged on the LVDT displacement transducer on first, second, and third hydraulic cylinder piston rod respectively, be arranged on the temperature sensor on true triaxial pressure chamber inwall, and the D07-11CM type mass-flow gas meter be arranged on the external pipeline of true triaxial experiment box gas exhaust pipe mouth or DMF-1 series of fluids mass flowmeter;
3rd step, experimental procedure:
Cover the cover of pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, open inlet valve, the shutoff jackscrew of removal vent port, close draining valve;
Then, oil feed pump is started, slow injection liquid force feed in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel; Entertain in cylinder pressure cylinder and fill hydraulic oil, vent port no longer includes gas when discharging, and jackscrew of screwing on blocks vent port;
Keep oil feed pump opening, reach to make hydraulic fluid pressure in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel and remain on set pressure;
Open thermostatic control system, to control at design temperature by hydraulic fluid temperature in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Then, open device in Gas air-supplying valve, the pressure regulator valve on device in Gas supply air line is adjusted to setting value, and keep the supply gas pressure of device in Gas constant;
After the device in Gas flowmeter registration on gas exhaust piping is in steady state (SS), close the drain tap on gas exhaust piping, and continue to keep device in Gas air-supplying valve to be in opening, with the dynamic balance state making test specimen be in an adsorption and desorption, after 24 hours, then open the drain tap on gas exhaust piping;
After gas meter registration is in steady state (SS) again, serialization dynamic adjustments is carried out to the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of the extruding force numerical value of the piston rod of hydraulic oil pressure force value, the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel, in adjustment process: the extruding force adjusted in concert of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the 3rd hydraulic cylinder, to ensure the symmetry that test specimen loads, and above-mentioned second hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the 3rd hydraulic cylinder piston rod extruding force be applied on test specimen are greater than hydraulic oil pressure force value in pressure-bearing cylinder barrel;
Treat that test specimen is under the piston rod extruding of the first hydraulic cylinder, during by overall shear failure, namely the loading procedure of the first hydraulic cylinder piston rod completes;
In above-mentioned whole experimentation, monitoring system monitored over time, record and transmit the information of returning by each instrument, these information include the situation of change of test specimen stress, displacement vector, the piston rod force size of each hydraulic cylinder, temperature, the pressure of methane gas, data on flows and above-mentioned each data.
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| CN109187926A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-11 | 太原理工大学 | Three axis seepage flow test device of fractured coal and rock and desorption-diffusion-seepage tests system |
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