JP7288424B2

JP7288424B2 - Revetment structure and its construction method

Info

Publication number: JP7288424B2
Application number: JP2020177852A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 一男末岡; 和範玉上; 全康田谷; 貴恵淺井
Original assignee: Toa Corp
Current assignee: Toa Corp
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2023-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-23
Also published as: JP2022068981A

Description

本発明は、護岸構造およびその構築方法に関し、さらに詳しくは、貝類等の堆積に起因する護岸付近の水底における貧酸素水塊の発生を効果的に抑制できる護岸構造およびその構築方法に関するものである。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bank protection structure and construction method thereof, and more particularly to a bank protection structure and construction method thereof capable of effectively suppressing the formation of oxygen-poor water masses on the water bottom near the bank protection due to the accumulation of shellfish and the like. .

海や湖などの水域に構築される護岸構造では、平坦な垂直面が連続した直立型の護岸構造が採用されることが多い。しかしながら、直立型の護岸構造の垂直面は、ワカメなどの藻類が生育し難く、魚介類などの水生生物の生育場（住処や隠れ場所）としての機能性が低いため、生物共生という観点からは望ましくない。また、垂直面に多量の貝類等が付着し易く、例えば垂直面に多量の貝類等が重なって密集すると垂直面に付着していた貝類等が荷重に耐え切れなくなって垂直面から落下し、護岸付近の水底に多量の貝類等が堆積した状態となる。水底に堆積した貝類等の一部は微生物によって分解されるが、その際に微生物が水底の多くの溶存酸素を消費する。そのため、直立型の護岸構造では、護岸付近の水底に溶存酸素濃度の低い貧酸素水塊が形成されることが多い。貧酸素水塊が形成されると、水生生物が生息し難い環境となり、微生物による有機物の分解速度も遅くなる。そのため、多量の貝類等を由来とする有機物が護岸付近の水底に堆積し続けてしまい、生態系における物質循環の観点からは望ましくない。 BACKGROUND ART Bank protection structures constructed in water areas such as seas and lakes often employ upright bank protection structures with continuous flat vertical surfaces. However, the vertical surface of the upright revetment structure is difficult for algae such as wakame seaweed to grow, and has low functionality as a habitat (residence or hiding place) for aquatic organisms such as fish and shellfish. Undesirable. In addition, a large amount of shellfish, etc., tends to adhere to the vertical surface. A large amount of shellfish, etc. will be deposited on the bottom of the nearby water. Some of the shellfish deposited on the bottom of the water are decomposed by microorganisms, and at that time, the microorganisms consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen on the bottom of the water. Therefore, in an upright revetment structure, an oxygen-poor water mass with a low dissolved oxygen concentration is often formed on the water bottom near the revetment. When an oxygen-poor water mass is formed, the environment becomes difficult for aquatic organisms to live in, and the decomposition rate of organic matter by microorganisms slows down. Therefore, a large amount of organic matter derived from shellfish and the like continues to accumulate on the bottom of the water near the seawall, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of material circulation in the ecosystem.

環境に配慮した護岸構造として、水域に面する壁面に上下方向に並んで配置された複数の凸部を有する生物共生護岸が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。この護岸構造では、水域に面する壁面に直方体形状の凸部を設けることで、凸部の上面上に藻類や水生生物の生育場が形成される。しかしながら、この護岸構造においても、凸部の水域側の垂直面に付着していた貝類等が落下すると、その貝類等は水底まで直接落下することになり、護岸付近の水底に多量の貝類等が堆積してしまうことになる。それ故、貝類等の堆積に起因する護岸付近の水底における貧酸素水塊の発生を抑制するには改善の余地がある。 As an eco-friendly bank protection structure, there has been proposed a bio-symbiotic bank protection having a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically on a wall surface facing a water area (see Patent Document 1). In this revetment structure, by providing a rectangular parallelepiped convex portion on the wall surface facing the water area, a nursery ground for algae and aquatic organisms is formed on the upper surface of the convex portion. However, even with this revetment structure, if shellfish, etc., adhered to the vertical surface on the water area side of the convex part, fall, the shellfish, etc., will fall directly to the bottom of the water, and a large amount of shellfish, etc. will be left on the water bottom near the revetment. It will accumulate. Therefore, there is room for improvement in suppressing the formation of oxygen-poor water masses on the water bottom near the seawall due to the deposition of shellfish and the like.

特開２００１－２０７４２９号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-207429

本発明の目的は、貝類等の堆積に起因する護岸付近の水底における貧酸素水塊の発生を効果的に抑制できる護岸構造およびその構築方法を提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a bank protection structure and a construction method thereof that can effectively suppress the formation of oxygen-poor water masses on the bottom of the water near the bank protection due to the deposition of shellfish and the like.

上記目的を達成するため本発明の護岸構造は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造において、前記凸部が、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有していて、前記コンクリート構造体の前記水域側に離間した位置に支持部材が上下方向に延設されていて、前記凸部を有するブロック部材に上下方向に貫通する挿通孔が設けられていて、前記挿通孔に前記支持部材が挿通された状態で前記ブロック部材が前記対象範囲に配置されていて、前記ブロック部材が前記コンクリート構造体に対して固定されていることを特徴とする。
本発明の別の護岸構造は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造において、前記凸部が、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有していて、前記コンクリート構造体の前記水域側の壁面に上下方向に延在するガイド枠が固定されていて、前記ガイド枠の溝部に、板状部と前記凸部とを有するパネル部材の前記板状部が嵌め込まれた状態で前記パネル部材が前記対象範囲に配置されていて、前記パネル部材が前記コンクリート構造体に対して固定されていることを特徴とする。
本発明のさらに別の護岸構造は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造において、前記凸部が、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有していて、全ての前記凸部が常に水面下となる位置に配置されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the bank protection structure of the present invention has a plurality of projections arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure constituting the bank protection and protruding toward the water area. A bank protection structure having regions where the convex portions arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction overlap each other in a plan view, wherein the convex portions are formed from an upper surface portion and a tip end portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area. and a front surface portion extending downward toward the rear end portion of the upper surface portion, and a support member extending vertically at a position spaced apart from the water area side of the concrete structure. an insertion hole penetrating in a vertical direction is provided in the block member having the protrusion, the block member is arranged in the target range with the support member inserted in the insertion hole, and the block The member is fixed to the concrete structure.
Another revetment structure of the present invention has a plurality of protrusions that are arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure that constitutes a revetment and protrude toward the water area. In a bank protection structure having areas where the adjacent protrusions overlap with each other in a plan view, the protrusions are formed from an upper surface portion and a tip portion projecting from the upper surface portion toward the water area to the upper surface portion. and a front surface portion extending downward toward a rear end portion side, and a guide frame extending in a vertical direction is fixed to a wall surface of the concrete structure on the water area side, and the guide frame The panel member is arranged in the target range in a state in which the plate-like portion of the panel member having the plate-like portion and the convex portion is fitted in the groove of the panel member, and the panel member is positioned against the concrete structure characterized in that it is fixed
Still another revetment structure of the present invention has a plurality of projections arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure constituting the revetment and protruding toward the water area, In a bank protection structure having a region in which the convex portions that are arranged adjacent to each other overlap each other in a plan view, the convex portion has an upper surface portion and a tip portion that protrudes from the upper surface portion toward the water area to the upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward toward the rear end side of the water, and all the convex portions are arranged at positions always below the surface of the water.

本発明の護岸構造の構築方法は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造の構築方法において、予め製造されている前記コンクリート構造体の前記対象範囲に、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有するそれぞれの前記凸部を付設するに際して、前記凸部を有するブロック部材を製造しておき、前記コンクリート構造体にそれぞれの前記凸部を付設する工程では、前記コンクリート構造体の前記水域側に離間した位置に支持部材を上下方向に延設し、前記ブロック部材を上下方向に貫通する挿通孔に前記支持部材を挿通させた状態で前記ブロック部材を前記対象範囲に配置して、前記ブロック部材を前記コンクリート構造体に対して固定することを特徴とする。 A method for constructing a bank protection structure of the present invention includes a plurality of convex portions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure constituting a bank protection, and protruding toward the water area. In the method for constructing a bank protection structure having an area in which the convex portions arranged adjacent to each other overlap each other in a plan view, the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure includes an upper surface portion and the upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward from the front end portion projecting toward the water area side toward the rear end portion side of the upper surface portion. In the step of attaching the respective projections to the concrete structure, a support member is vertically extended at a position spaced apart from the water area side of the concrete structure, and the block member is vertically extended. and fixing the block member to the concrete structure by arranging the block member in the target range in a state in which the support member is inserted through an insertion hole penetrating through the concrete structure.

本発明の別の護岸構造の構築方法は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造の構築方法において、予め製造されている前記コンクリート構造体の前記対象範囲に、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有するそれぞれの前記凸部を付設するに際して、板状部と前記凸部とを有するパネル部材を成形しておき、前記コンクリート構造体にそれぞれの前記凸部を付設する工程では、前記コンクリート構造体の前記水域側の壁面に上下方向に延在するガイド枠を固定し、前記ガイド枠の溝部に前記パネル部材の前記板状部を嵌め込んだ状態で前記パネル部材を前記対象範囲に配置して、前記パネル部材を前記コンクリート構造体に対して固定することを特徴とする。
本発明のさらに別の護岸構造の構築方法は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造の構築方法において、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有するそれぞれの前記凸部と前記コンクリート構造体とを一体物として製造しておき、この一体物を水底に据付けて、全ての前記凸部が常に水面下に配置された状態にすることを特徴とする。
本発明のさらに別の護岸構造の構築方法は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に上下方向に並んで配置されて、前記水域側に突出する複数の凸部を有し、上下方向に隣り合って配置されている前記凸部どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造の構築方法において、予め製造されている前記コンクリート構造体の前記対象範囲に、上面部と、前記上面部の前記水域側に突出した先端部から前記上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有するそれぞれの前記凸部を付設して、全ての前記凸部が常に水面下に配置された状態にすることを特徴とする。 Another method for constructing a bank protection structure of the present invention includes a plurality of protrusions that are arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure that constitutes the bank protection and protrude toward the water area, In the method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions in which the convex portions arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction overlap each other in plan view, the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure includes an upper surface portion, the When attaching each of the convex portions having a front portion extending downward toward the rear end portion side of the upper surface portion from the tip portion projecting to the water area side of the upper surface portion, the plate-like portion and the convex portion are attached. In the step of molding a panel member having a portion and attaching each of the convex portions to the concrete structure, a guide frame extending in the vertical direction is fixed to the wall surface of the concrete structure on the water area side. and fixing the panel member to the concrete structure by arranging the panel member in the target range with the plate-shaped portion of the panel member fitted in the groove of the guide frame. do.
Still another method for constructing a bank protection structure of the present invention has a plurality of projections arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure constituting the bank protection and protruding toward the water area. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having areas in which the convex portions arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction overlap each other in a plan view, the upper surface portion and a tip end portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area from the upper surface. Each of the projections and the concrete structure having a front surface portion extending downward toward the rear end side of the portion is manufactured as an integrated body, and this integrated body is installed on the bottom of the water, The convex portion of is always placed under the water surface.
Still another method for constructing a bank protection structure of the present invention has a plurality of projections arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area of a concrete structure constituting the bank protection and protruding toward the water area. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions in which the convex portions arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction overlap each other in a plan view, the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure includes an upper surface portion, and a front surface portion extending downward from a front end portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion. is always placed under the water surface.

本発明によれば、コンクリート構造体の水域に面する対象範囲に設ける凸部を、上面部と、上面部の水域側に突出した先端部から上面部の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部とを有する構成にする。これにより、凸部の前面部や、コンクリート構造体の水域側の凸部が設けられていない非設置面に付着していた貝類等が落下した場合にも、その貝類等は、付着していた前面部または非設置面からその下方に配置されている凸部の上面部に受け止められる。それ故、護岸構造に付着した貝類等が護岸付近の水底に直接落下することを抑制でき、護岸付近の水底に貝類等が堆積し難くなる。そのため、貝類等の堆積に起因する護岸付近の水底における貧酸素水塊の発生を効果的に抑制できる。 According to the present invention, the convex portion provided in the target range facing the water area of the concrete structure extends downward from the upper surface portion and the tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area side toward the rear end portion side of the upper surface portion. and an extending front portion. As a result, even if shellfish, etc., adhered to the front surface of the projection or the non-mounted surface of the concrete structure on the water area side where the projection is not provided, the shellfish, etc., would not have adhered. It is received by the upper surface of the projection arranged below from the front surface or the non-installation surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent shellfish and the like adhering to the bank protection structure from directly falling to the bottom of the water near the bank protection, making it difficult for shellfish and the like to accumulate on the bottom of the water near the bank protection. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of oxygen-poor water masses on the water bottom near the seawall due to the deposition of shellfish and the like.

本発明に係る実施形態の護岸構造を斜視で例示する説明図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of embodiment which concerns on this invention in perspective. 図１の護岸構造を側面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of FIG. 1 by the side view. 本発明に係る別の実施形態の護岸構造を斜視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of another embodiment which concerns on this invention in perspective. 本発明に係るさらに別の実施形態の護岸構造を縦断面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of another embodiment which concerns on this invention by the longitudinal cross-sectional view. 本発明に係るさらに別の実施形態の護岸構造を構築している状態を縦断面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which is building|assembling the bank protection structure of another embodiment which concerns on this invention by the longitudinal cross-sectional view. 図５の護岸構造を構築し終えた状態を正面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which finished building the bank protection structure of FIG. 5 by front view. 本発明に係るさらに別の実施形態の護岸構造を構築している状態を側面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which is building|assembling the bank protection structure of another embodiment which concerns on this invention by the side view. 図７の護岸構造を構築し終えた状態を正面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which finished building the bank protection structure of FIG. 7 by front view. 図８の護岸構造を平面視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of FIG. 8 by planar view. 本発明に係るさらに別の実施形態の護岸構造を斜視で例示する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the bank protection structure of another embodiment which concerns on this invention in perspective.

以下、本発明の護岸構造およびその構築方法を図に示した実施形態に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, a bank protection structure and a construction method thereof according to the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

図１および図２に例示するように、本発明の護岸構造１は、海や湖、河川などの水域に構築される。本願図中のＸ方向は護岸構造１の奥行方向、Ｙ方向は護岸構造１の幅方向、Ｚ方向は上下方向を示している。 As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bank protection structure 1 of the present invention is constructed in a body of water such as the sea, a lake, or a river. In the drawings of the present application, the X direction indicates the depth direction of the bank protection structure 1, the Y direction indicates the width direction of the bank protection structure 1, and the Z direction indicates the vertical direction.

この護岸構造１は、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体２の水域に面する対象範囲４に上下方向Ｚに並んで配置されて、水域側に突出する複数の凸部６を有している。上下方向Ｚに配置されている凸部６どうしは平面視で互いに重なる領域を有している。コンクリート構造体２は例えば、ケーソンや既設護岸などで構成される。 The revetment structure 1 has a plurality of protrusions 6 that are arranged in the vertical direction Z in a target range 4 facing the water area of the concrete structure 2 that constitutes the revetment and protrude toward the water area. The convex portions 6 arranged in the vertical direction Z have regions that overlap each other in plan view. The concrete structure 2 is composed of, for example, a caisson or an existing seawall.

この護岸構造１は、凸部６が、上面部７と、上面部７の水域側に突出した先端部から上面部７の後端部側に向かって下方向に延在する前面部８とを有することが大きな特徴である。凸部６は例えば、鉄筋コンクリートや金属部材等で形成される。 In this bank protection structure 1, the protruding portion 6 has an upper surface portion 7 and a front surface portion 8 extending downward from the tip portion of the upper surface portion 7 protruding toward the water area toward the rear end portion of the upper surface portion 7. It is a big feature to have. The convex portion 6 is made of, for example, reinforced concrete or a metal member.

図２に例示するように、この護岸構造１では、凸部６の前面部８またはコンクリート構造体２の水域側の凸部６が設けられていない非設置面５（以下、非設置面５という）に付着した状態から落下する貝類Ｓ等の少なくとも一部が、その前面部８または非設置面５からその下方に配置されている凸部６の上面部７に受け止められる構成になっている。この実施形態では、上面部７が平坦な水平面である場合を例示しているが、上面部７は上方から落下してくる貝類Ｓ等が上面部７から脱落することを抑制できる構成であればよい。上面部７を例えば、水平に対して０°～５°程度傾斜した緩やかな傾斜面や起伏の小さい曲面にすることもできる。この実施形態では、前面部８が傾斜面である場合を例示しているが、例えば、前面部８を上方に凹んだ曲面や下方に膨らんだ曲面にすることもできる。 As exemplified in FIG. 2, in this bank protection structure 1, the non-installation surface 5 (hereinafter referred to as the non-installation surface 5) on which the front surface portion 8 of the convex portion 6 or the convex portion 6 on the water area side of the concrete structure 2 is not provided. ) is received by the upper surface portion 7 of the convex portion 6 arranged below from the front surface portion 8 or the non-installation surface 5 thereof. In this embodiment, the case where the upper surface portion 7 is a flat horizontal surface is exemplified. good. For example, the upper surface portion 7 can be formed as a gently slanted surface slanted at about 0° to 5° with respect to the horizontal, or a curved surface with small undulations. In this embodiment, the case where the front part 8 is an inclined surface is exemplified, but the front part 8 can also be a curved surface that is concave upward or a curved surface that is swollen downward, for example.

側面視で上面部７の延在方向と前面部８の延在方向とのなす角度θは、０°より大きく９０°より小さい角度に設定されるが、前述したなす角度θが、２０°以上７０°以下の範囲内であると、凸部６の水域側の先端部において藻類Ａ（特にワカメ）が生育し易くなる。この実施形態の凸部６は先端部に、上面部７の先端部と前面部８の先端部とで形成された稜角部９を有している。鋭角に尖った形状の稜角部９は、ワカメなどの藻類Ａの遊走子の付着や成長を阻害する堆積物が蓄積し難いため、藻類Ａの生育に非常に適した基盤となる。凸部６の先端部（稜角部９）や上面部７に藻類Ａが繁茂することで、凸部６上に水生生物Ｌの生育場（住処や隠れ場所）として好ましい環境が形成される。凸部６は、表面が凹凸のない滑らかな形状にすることもできるが、表面に小さな多数の凹凸がある形状にすると藻類Ａがより繁茂し易くなる。 The angle θ formed by the extending direction of the upper surface portion 7 and the extending direction of the front surface portion 8 in a side view is set to an angle larger than 0° and smaller than 90°, but the angle θ formed is 20° or more. Within the range of 70° or less, algae A (particularly wakame seaweed) tend to grow at the tip of the projection 6 on the water area side. The convex portion 6 of this embodiment has a ridge portion 9 formed by the tip portion of the upper surface portion 7 and the tip portion of the front surface portion 8 at the tip portion. The sharply pointed ridges 9 are very suitable for the growth of algae A because sediment that inhibits the adhesion and growth of algae A zoospores such as wakame seaweed hardly accumulates. The growth of algae A on the tip (edge 9) of the projection 6 and on the upper surface 7 creates a favorable environment for aquatic organisms L to grow on the projection 6 (home or hiding place). The convex portion 6 may have a smooth surface without unevenness, but if the surface has a large number of small unevenness, the algae A will grow more easily.

凸部６は水生生物Ｌが生存可能な水深、より具体的には、例えば、溶存酸素が４ｍｇ／ｌ以上の比較的浅い水深に設けられる。言い換えると、水生生物Ｌが生存できない溶存酸素が４ｍｇ／ｌ未満となる比較的深い水深には凸部６を設けない。つまり、護岸構造１を構築する水域の水深が比較的深い場合には、護岸構造１の上下方向Ｚの中途位置に複数の凸部６を配設した構成にする。凸部６は潮が引いた時に水上に露出する位置に配置することもできる。 The convex portion 6 is provided at a water depth where the aquatic organisms L can survive, more specifically, at a relatively shallow water depth with a dissolved oxygen content of 4 mg/l or more, for example. In other words, the convex portion 6 is not provided at a relatively deep water depth where the dissolved oxygen is less than 4 mg/l where the aquatic organism L cannot survive. In other words, when the water depth of the water area in which the bank protection structure 1 is constructed is relatively deep, a plurality of convex portions 6 are arranged at midway positions in the up-down direction Z of the bank protection structure 1 . The convex part 6 can also be arranged at a position exposed above the water when the tide ebbs.

この実施形態では、同じ寸法の凸部６を上下方向Ｚに隣接させて配置しているが、例えば、上下に寸法が異なる凸部６を配置することもできる。また、例えば、複数の凸部６を上下方向Ｚに間隔をあけて配置して、上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６どうしの間に非設置面５を有する構成にすることもできる。また、例えば、護岸構造１の幅方向Ｙに間隔をあけて複数の凸部６を配置した構成にすることもできる。凸部６の水域側への突出長さや、凸部６の幅寸法、対象範囲４に設ける凸部６の数や配置などは、護岸構造１を構築する水域の水深の深さや水域の広さなどに応じて適宜決定できる。凸部６の水域側への突出長さは、好ましくは０．２ｍ以上１．５ｍ以下の範囲内で設定するとよい。 In this embodiment, the protrusions 6 having the same size are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z, but, for example, the protrusions 6 having different sizes in the vertical direction can also be arranged. Further, for example, a plurality of protrusions 6 may be arranged at intervals in the vertical direction Z, and the non-installation surface 5 may be provided between adjacent protrusions 6 in the vertical direction Z. Further, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of protrusions 6 are arranged at intervals in the width direction Y of the bank protection structure 1 can be employed. The length of protrusion 6 to the water area side, the width dimension of protrusion 6, the number and arrangement of protrusions 6 provided in target range 4, etc. are all determined by the depth and breadth of the water area in which revetment structure 1 is to be constructed. It can be determined as appropriate depending on the The projection length of the convex portion 6 toward the water area is preferably set within a range of 0.2 m or more and 1.5 m or less.

図２に例示するように、この実施形態では、コンクリート構造体２に、コンクリート構造体２とは別体の凸部６が付設されている場合を例示している。より具体的には、コンクリート構造体２の水域に面する対象範囲４に、コンクリート構造体２の既成の壁面（以下、既成面という）から水域側に突出したフレーム１５が固定されていて、そのフレーム１５の上に、コンクリート構造体２とは別体の複数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３が載置されている。ブロック部材１３は固定具（ボルト等）によってコンクリート構造体２に固定されている。凸部６（ブロック部材１３）を支持するフレーム１５は必要に応じて任意に設けることができる。コンクリート構造体２に対する凸部６（ブロック部材１３）の固定方法は特に限定されず、例えば、接着材や溶接等で固定することもできる。護岸構造１は、コンクリート構造体２と凸部６とが一体物である構成、即ち、コンクリート構造体２に複数の凸部６が予め一体成形されている構成にすることもできる。 As illustrated in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the concrete structure 2 is provided with a projection 6 that is separate from the concrete structure 2 . More specifically, a frame 15 protruding from a prefabricated wall surface (hereinafter referred to as a prefabricated surface) of the concrete structure 2 toward the water area is fixed to the target range 4 of the concrete structure 2 facing the water area. A block member 13 having a plurality of protrusions 6 that is separate from the concrete structure 2 is placed on the frame 15 . The block member 13 is fixed to the concrete structure 2 with fasteners (bolts or the like). A frame 15 that supports the projection 6 (block member 13) can be optionally provided as required. The method of fixing the convex portion 6 (block member 13) to the concrete structure 2 is not particularly limited, and it can be fixed by, for example, an adhesive or welding. The revetment structure 1 can also be configured such that the concrete structure 2 and the projections 6 are integrated, that is, a plurality of projections 6 are formed integrally with the concrete structure 2 in advance.

図３に例示する別の実施形態のように、護岸構造１は、凸部６の上面部７が後端部から先端部に向かって上方傾斜する傾斜面である構成や、上面部７に凹状の窪部７ａを有する構成にすることもできる。上面部７をこのような構成にすると、上方から落下してくる貝類Ｓ等が上面部７からより脱落し難くなる。また、上面部７に窪部７ａを設けると、潮が引いて凸部６が水上に露出した場合にも窪部７ａに水が溜まった状態になるので、窪部７ａが水生生物Ｌの避難場所となる。 As in another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 , the bank protection structure 1 has a configuration in which the upper surface portion 7 of the convex portion 6 is a sloped surface that slopes upward from the rear end portion to the tip portion, or a configuration in which the upper surface portion 7 is concave. It is also possible to have a configuration having a recess 7a. When the upper surface portion 7 is configured in this way, it becomes more difficult for the shellfish S or the like falling from above to fall off the upper surface portion 7 . In addition, if the depression 7a is provided on the upper surface 7, even if the tide ebbs and the protrusion 6 is exposed above the water, the depression 7a will remain filled with water, so that the depression 7a will be a place where the aquatic organisms L can escape. be the place.

図３に例示するように、凸部６に、上面部７または前面部８に対して突出した突起部１０や、上面部７または前面部８に対して凹んだ切欠部１１が設けられた構成にすることもできる。凸部６に突起部１０や切欠部１１を設けて、凸部６を角が多い形状にすることで、凸部６において藻類Ａがより生育し易くなる。特に、鋭角に尖った形状の稜角を形成する突起部１０や切欠部１１を設けると、藻類Ａの生育に非常に適した基盤となる。また、突起部１０どうしの間のすき間や切欠部１１は、水生生物Ｌの住処や隠れ場所としても機能するので、より水生生物Ｌが集まり易い環境を形成できる。なお、この実施形態では、コンクリート構造体２と凸部６とが一体物であり、上下方向に隣り合う凸部６どうしの間に非設置面５がある場合を例示している。 As illustrated in FIG. 3, the projection 6 is provided with a protrusion 10 projecting from the upper surface 7 or the front surface 8 and a notch 11 recessed from the upper surface 7 or the front surface 8. can also be By providing the projections 10 and the cutouts 11 on the projections 6 to make the projections 6 have a shape with many corners, the algae A grow more easily on the projections 6 . In particular, if the protrusions 10 and the cutouts 11 forming an acutely pointed ridge are provided, it becomes a very suitable substrate for algae A to grow. In addition, since the gap between the protrusions 10 and the notch 11 also function as a dwelling place and a hiding place for the aquatic organisms L, an environment in which the aquatic organisms L are more likely to gather can be formed. In this embodiment, the concrete structure 2 and the projections 6 are integrated, and there is a non-installation surface 5 between adjacent projections 6 in the vertical direction.

図４に例示するさらに別の実施形態のように、護岸構造１は、凸部６の水域側の先端部を、曲面形状や面取りされた形状にすることもできる。また、凸部６を上下方向Ｚに貫通する貫通孔１２が形成されている構成にすることもできる。貫通孔１２は、水生生物Ｌが上下の凸部６どうしの間を行き来する通路や、水生生物Ｌの隠れ場所として機能する。そのため、凸部６に貫通孔１２を設けることで水生生物Ｌがより生育し易い環境を形成できる。 As in still another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 , in the bank protection structure 1 , the tip of the projection 6 on the water area side can be curved or chamfered. Further, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a through hole 12 is formed to pass through the convex portion 6 in the vertical direction Z. As shown in FIG. The through-holes 12 function as passages for the aquatic organisms L to come and go between the upper and lower projections 6 and as hiding places for the aquatic organisms L. Therefore, by providing the through holes 12 in the convex portion 6, an environment in which the aquatic organisms L grow more easily can be created.

上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６の貫通孔１２どうしは連通しない位置に配置することが好ましい。貫通孔１２の内周面に貝類Ｓ等が付着することがあるが、上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６の貫通孔１２どうしを連通しないずれた位置に配置することで、上方の凸部６の貫通孔１２に付着していた貝類Ｓ等が落下した場合にも、その貝類Ｓ等は下方の別の凸部６の上面部７に受け止められる。それ故、貝類Ｓ等が水底Ｂに落下することを抑制できる。 It is preferable that the through holes 12 of the protrusions 6 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z are arranged at positions that do not communicate with each other. Although the shellfish S etc. may adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 12, by arranging the through-holes 12 of the protrusions 6 adjacent in the vertical direction Z at positions that do not communicate with each other, the upper protrusion 6 can be removed. Even if the shellfish S or the like adhering to the through hole 12 falls, the shellfish S or the like is received by the upper surface portion 7 of another convex portion 6 below. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shellfish S and the like from falling to the bottom B of the water.

図４に例示するように、上方に位置する凸部６よりも、下方に位置する凸部６がより水域側に突出した構成にすることもできる。上方の凸部６の前面部８よりも下方の凸部６の上面部７がより水域側に張り出していることで、上方の凸部６の前面部８に付着していた貝類Ｓ等が落下した場合にも、その貝類Ｓ等が下方の凸部６の上面部７により確実に受け止められる。それ故、貝類Ｓ等が水底Ｂに落下することを抑制するにはより有利になる。 As exemplified in FIG. 4 , it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the convex portion 6 positioned below protrudes further toward the water area than the convex portion 6 positioned above. Since the upper surface portion 7 of the lower projection 6 projects further toward the water area than the front surface portion 8 of the upper projection 6, the shellfish S or the like adhering to the front surface portion 8 of the upper projection 6 falls. In this case, the shellfish S or the like are reliably received by the upper surface portion 7 of the lower convex portion 6 . Therefore, it is more advantageous to prevent the shellfish S or the like from falling to the bottom B of the water.

図４に例示するように、例えば、凸部６を支持するフレーム１５を、フレーム１５に載置されている凸部６の前面部８の後端部よりも水域側に延在させた構成にすることもできる。このようにすると、フレーム１５に載置されている凸部６の前面部８に付着していた貝類Ｓ等が落下した場合にも、その貝類Ｓ等がフレーム１５上に受け止められる。それ故、貝類Ｓ等が水底Ｂに落下することを抑制するにはより有利になる。特に、この実施形態のように、フレーム１５に載置されている凸部６の先端部よりもフレーム１５がより水域側に延在する構成にすると、貝類Ｓ等が水底Ｂに落下することを抑制するにはより一層有利になる。 As exemplified in FIG. 4, for example, a frame 15 that supports the projection 6 is configured to extend toward the water area beyond the rear end of the front surface portion 8 of the projection 6 mounted on the frame 15. You can also By doing so, even if the shellfish S or the like attached to the front surface portion 8 of the projection 6 placed on the frame 15 falls, the shellfish S or the like is received on the frame 15 . Therefore, it is more advantageous to prevent the shellfish S or the like from falling to the bottom B of the water. In particular, as in this embodiment, if the frame 15 extends further toward the water area than the tips of the projections 6 mounted on the frame 15, the shellfish S or the like will not fall to the bottom of the water B. It becomes more advantageous to suppress.

次に、護岸構造１の構築方法を説明する。以下では、護岸構造１を構築する方法として、予め複数の凸部６が一体成形されているコンクリート構造体２を用いる方法と、凸部６が一体成形されていないコンクリート構造体２を用いる方法を例示する。 Next, a construction method of the bank protection structure 1 will be described. Below, as a method of constructing the revetment structure 1, a method using a concrete structure 2 in which a plurality of projections 6 are integrally formed in advance and a method using a concrete structure 2 in which the projections 6 are not integrally formed are described. Illustrate.

前者の方法では、上面部７と前面部８とを有する凸部６とコンクリート構造体２とを一体物として製造しておく。そして、施工現場では、その一体物（予め複数の凸部６が一体成形されているコンクリート構造体２）を、クレーン等を用いて水底Ｂに据付けることで、護岸構造１を構築する。 In the former method, the convex portion 6 having the upper surface portion 7 and the front surface portion 8 and the concrete structure 2 are manufactured as an integral body. Then, at the construction site, the revetment structure 1 is constructed by installing the integrated object (concrete structure 2 in which a plurality of protrusions 6 are integrally formed in advance) on the water bottom B using a crane or the like.

即ち、コンクリート構造体２の製造工程において、水域側に面する対象範囲４に上下方向Ｚに並んで配置されて、水域側に突出する複数の凸部６を有するコンクリート構造体２を製造しておく。上下方向Ｚに隣り合って配置されている凸部６どうしは平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する構成にする。 That is, in the manufacturing process of the concrete structure 2, the concrete structure 2 having a plurality of protrusions 6 arranged side by side in the vertical direction Z in the target range 4 facing the water area side and protruding toward the water area side is manufactured. back. The convex portions 6 arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z are configured to have regions that overlap each other in a plan view.

より具体的には、コンクリート構造体２の躯体を形成する鉄筋とともにそれぞれの凸部６を形成する鉄筋を配筋し、凸部６を含んだコンクリート構造体２の外形を形成する型枠を組む。そして、型枠内に生コンクリートを充填させて固化させることにより、複数の凸部６が一体成形されたコンクリート構造体２を成形する。 More specifically, the reinforcing bars forming the skeleton of the concrete structure 2 and the reinforcing bars forming the respective protrusions 6 are arranged, and a formwork for forming the outer shape of the concrete structure 2 including the protrusions 6 is assembled. . Then, the ready-mixed concrete is filled in the formwork and solidified to form the concrete structure 2 integrally formed with the plurality of projections 6 .

後者の凸部６が一体成形されていないコンクリート構造体２を用いる方法では、予め製造されているコンクリート構造体２の水域に面する対象範囲４に、上面部７と前面部８とを有する凸部６を付設することで、護岸構造１を構築する。即ち、例えば、陸上でコンクリート構造体２にそれぞれの凸部６を付設した後に、その凸部６を付設したコンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けることで、護岸構造１を構築する。例えば、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に、水中においてコンクリート構造体２の対象範囲４にそれぞれの凸部６を付設することで、護岸構造１を構築することもできる。コンクリート構造体２の対象範囲４の上下方向Ｚの複数箇所に凸部６を付設する際には、上下方向Ｚに隣り合って配置される凸部６どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有するようにそれぞれの凸部６を配設する。 In the latter method using the concrete structure 2 in which the convex portion 6 is not integrally formed, a convex portion having the upper surface portion 7 and the front surface portion 8 is formed in the target range 4 facing the water area of the prefabricated concrete structure 2 . By attaching the part 6, the bank protection structure 1 is constructed. That is, for example, after attaching each convex part 6 to the concrete structure 2 on land, the concrete structure 2 with the convex part 6 attached is installed on the water bottom B, thereby constructing the revetment structure 1 . For example, after installing the concrete structure 2 on the bottom B of the water, the revetment structure 1 can be constructed by attaching the respective projections 6 to the target range 4 of the concrete structure 2 underwater. When the projections 6 are attached to a plurality of locations in the vertical direction Z of the target range 4 of the concrete structure 2, the projections 6 arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z should have regions that overlap each other in plan view. , each convex portion 6 is disposed on the .

より具体的には、例えば、図１および図２に例示する実施形態の護岸構造１を構築する場合には、コンクリート構造体２とは別体の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３を製造しておく。ブロック部材１３は、例えば、鉄筋コンクリートや金属部材等で形成する。この実施形態では、上下に隣接した複数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３を用いているが、例えば、単数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３や、上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６と凸部６との間に非設置面５を有するブロック部材１３を用いることもできる。 More specifically, for example, when constructing the bank protection structure 1 of the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. back. The block member 13 is made of, for example, reinforced concrete or a metal member. In this embodiment, the block member 13 having a plurality of vertically adjacent projections 6 is used. A block member 13 having a non-installation surface 5 between it and the portion 6 can also be used.

コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する工程では、コンクリート構造体２の水域側の対象範囲４の既成面に水域側に突出したフレーム１５を固定する。次いで、クレーン等を使用して、凸部６を有するブロック部材１３を吊り上げて、ブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２の既成面に沿わせて配置し、ブロック部材１３をフレーム１５上に載置した状態にする。そして、固定具などを用いてブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２に固定する。コンクリート構造体２にフレーム１５を固定する作業とブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２に固定する作業はそれぞれ、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付ける前に陸上で行うこともできるし、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に水中で行うこともできる。 In the process of attaching the convex portion 6 to the concrete structure 2, a frame 15 projecting toward the water area is fixed to the existing surface of the target range 4 on the water area side of the concrete structure 2. As shown in FIG. Next, using a crane or the like, the block member 13 having the projections 6 was lifted, the block member 13 was placed along the existing surface of the concrete structure 2, and the block member 13 was placed on the frame 15. state. Then, the block member 13 is fixed to the concrete structure 2 using a fixture or the like. The work of fixing the frame 15 to the concrete structure 2 and the work of fixing the block member 13 to the concrete structure 2 can each be performed on land before the concrete structure 2 is installed on the bottom of the water B, or the concrete structure It can also be done underwater after installing 2 on the bottom B of the water.

このように、本発明によれば、護岸を構成するコンクリート構造体２の水域に面する対象範囲４の上下方向Ｚに、上面部７と前面部８とを有する凸部６が複数設けられていて、上下方向Ｚに隣り合って配置されている凸部６どうしが平面視で互いに重なる領域を有する護岸構造１を構築する。これにより、凸部６の前面部８や、コンクリート構造体２の水域側の凸部６が設けられていない非設置面５に付着していた貝類Ｓ等が落下した場合にも、その貝類Ｓ等は、付着していた前面部８または非設置面５からその下方に配置されている凸部６の上面部７に受け止められる。それ故、護岸構造１に付着した貝類Ｓ等が護岸付近の水底Ｂに直接落下することを抑制でき、護岸付近の水底Ｂに貝類Ｓ等が堆積し難くなる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of projections 6 having an upper surface portion 7 and a front surface portion 8 are provided in the vertical direction Z of the target range 4 facing the water area of the concrete structure 2 constituting the bank protection. Thus, a bank protection structure 1 is constructed that has a region in which the convex portions 6 arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z overlap each other in a plan view. As a result, even if the shellfish S or the like attached to the front surface portion 8 of the convex portion 6 or the non-installation surface 5 of the concrete structure 2 on the water area side where the convex portion 6 is not provided, the shellfish S or the like falls. etc. are received by the upper surface portion 7 of the convex portion 6 arranged below the attached front surface portion 8 or the non-installation surface 5 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shellfish S and the like adhering to the bank protection structure 1 from directly falling to the water bottom B near the bank protection, and the shellfish S and the like are less likely to accumulate on the water bottom B near the bank protection.

それぞれの凸部６の上面部７に受け止められた貝類Ｓ等は水底Ｂよりも溶存酸素濃度が高い比較的浅い水深に留まるので、水生生物Ｌに捕食され易くなり、微生物によっても分解され易くなる。それ故、貝類Ｓ等を由来とする有機物が効果的に分解され、生態系における物質循環が円滑に行われ易くなる。そのため、貝類Ｓ等の堆積に起因する護岸付近の水底Ｂにおける貧酸素水塊の発生を効果的に抑制できる。 Since the shellfish S and the like received by the upper surface part 7 of each convex part 6 remain in a relatively shallow water depth with a higher dissolved oxygen concentration than the water bottom B, they are easily preyed on by aquatic organisms L and easily decomposed by microorganisms. . Therefore, the organic matter derived from the shellfish S or the like is effectively decomposed, facilitating smooth material circulation in the ecosystem. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of oxygen-poor water masses in the water bottom B near the seawall due to the accumulation of shellfish S and the like.

また、凸部６はコンクリート構造体２の上下方向Ｚの任意の位置に設けることが可能である。それ故、護岸構造１を構築する水域の水深が深い場合にも、藻類Ａや水生生物Ｌの生育場を溶存酸素濃度が比較的高い浅い水深に簡易に比較的低いコストで形成できる。また、凸部６は、例えば、水中に落下した人が護岸上に上がる際の足場として利用することも可能である。 Moreover, the convex portion 6 can be provided at any position in the vertical direction Z of the concrete structure 2 . Therefore, even when the water area in which the revetment structure 1 is to be constructed is deep, the nursery grounds for the algae A and the aquatic organisms L can be easily formed in shallow water where the dissolved oxygen concentration is relatively high at a relatively low cost. In addition, the convex portion 6 can also be used as a foothold when a person who has fallen into the water climbs onto a seawall, for example.

上面部７おとび前面部８を有する複数の凸部６とコンクリート構造体２とを一体物として製造しておき、その一体物を水底Ｂに据付ける構築方法にすると、施工現場において非常に少ない作業工数で護岸構造１を構築できる。一方で、予め製造されているコンクリート構造体２の水域に面する対象範囲４に、上面部７および前面部８を有する複数の凸部６を付設する構築方法にすると、既存のコンクリート構造体２（例えば、ケーソン）の設計や製造方法を大きく変更する必要がなく、既存のコンクリート構造体２を用いて護岸構造１を構築できる。それ故、非常に汎用性が高い。 If a construction method is adopted in which a plurality of convex portions 6 having an upper surface portion 7 and a front surface portion 8 and the concrete structure 2 are manufactured as an integrated body and the integrated body is installed on the bottom of the water B, the number of construction sites is extremely small. The revetment structure 1 can be constructed with less work man-hours. On the other hand, if a construction method is adopted in which a plurality of convex portions 6 having an upper surface portion 7 and a front surface portion 8 are attached to a target range 4 facing a water area of a prefabricated concrete structure 2, the existing concrete structure 2 The revetment structure 1 can be constructed using the existing concrete structure 2 without the need to significantly change the design or manufacturing method of (for example, caissons). Therefore, it is very versatile.

さらに、コンクリート構造体２に対して凸部６を着脱可能な構成にすると、凸部６が破損や劣化した場合にも新たな凸部６に交換して護岸構造１を容易に修復することが可能となるので、メンテナンス性が高くなる。また、例えば、藻類Ａや水生生物Ｌの生育環境が形成された凸部６を水上に回収して、凸部６に形成された生育環境の詳細な調査や分析などを行うことも可能になる。 Furthermore, if the convex portion 6 is detachable from the concrete structure 2, even if the convex portion 6 is damaged or deteriorated, it can be easily repaired by replacing it with a new convex portion 6. Since it becomes possible, maintainability becomes high. Further, for example, it is also possible to recover the convex portion 6 on which the growing environment of the algae A and the aquatic organisms L is formed on the water, and to perform detailed investigation and analysis of the growing environment formed on the convex portion 6. .

陸上においてコンクリート構造体２の対象範囲４にそれぞれの凸部６を付設した後に、それぞれの凸部６を付設したコンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付ける構築方法にすると、コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する作業を水流の影響を受けない状態で行える。それ故、コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する工程を効率的に行える。また、水中における潜水作業の工数を少なくできるので、潜水士の軽労化を図ることができる。 If a construction method is adopted in which the concrete structure 2 with the respective projections 6 is installed on the bottom of the water B after the respective projections 6 are attached to the target range 4 of the concrete structure 2 on land, the concrete structure 2 will have projections. The work of attaching the part 6 can be performed without being affected by the water flow. Therefore, the process of attaching the projections 6 to the concrete structure 2 can be performed efficiently. In addition, since the number of man-hours required for underwater diving work can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the labor of divers.

一方で、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に、コンクリート構造体２の対象範囲４に凸部６を付設する構築方法にすると、水深の深い水域に比較的大きな護岸構造１を構築する場合にも、陸上でコンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する場合のような高所作業が不要になる。また、コンクリート構造体２の水底Ｂへの据付け作業を従来と同様に、凸部６の影響がない状態で行えるので、コンクリート構造体２の水底Ｂへ据付け作業を比較的容易に行える。 On the other hand, if the construction method is to install the concrete structure 2 on the bottom of the water B and then attach the convex portion 6 to the target range 4 of the concrete structure 2, a relatively large revetment structure 1 is constructed in a deep water area. Also, high-place work such as in the case of attaching the convex portion 6 to the concrete structure 2 on land is not required. In addition, since the concrete structure 2 can be installed on the water bottom B without being affected by the projections 6, the concrete structure 2 can be installed on the water bottom B relatively easily.

図５および図６に例示するさらに別の実施形態のように、護岸構造１は、例えば、挿通孔１４が形成されたブロック部材１３と支持部材１６とを用いて構築することもできる。この構築方法では、コンクリート構造体２とは別体の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３を成形しておく。ブロック部材１３には上下方向Ｚに貫通する挿通孔１４を形成しておく。この実施形態では、上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６どうしの間に非設置面５（垂直面）を有するブロック部材１３を用いているが、上下方向Ｚに複数の凸部６が隣接して配置されたブロック部材１３や、単数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３を用いることもできる。 As in still another embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the bank protection structure 1 can also be constructed using, for example, block members 13 having insertion holes 14 formed therein and support members 16 . In this construction method, a block member 13 having a projection 6 that is separate from the concrete structure 2 is formed. The block member 13 is formed with an insertion hole 14 penetrating in the vertical direction Z. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the block member 13 having the non-installation surface 5 (vertical surface) between the protrusions 6 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z is used. An arranged block member 13 or a block member 13 having a single protrusion 6 can also be used.

コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する工程では、コンクリート構造体２の水域側に離間した位置に支持部材１６を上下方向Ｚに延設する。支持部材１６はコンクリート構造体２の既成面に沿うように配置する。支持部材１６は、コンクリート構造体２または水底Ｂの地盤に対して固定した状態にする。支持部材１６は、例えば、金属製の棒状部材や管状部材で構成される。この実施形態では、幅方向Ｙに離間した２カ所にそれぞれ支持部材１６を設置しているが、支持部材１６の設置数や配置は特に限定されず、ブロック部材１３のサイズなどに応じて適宜決定できる。 In the step of attaching the convex portion 6 to the concrete structure 2, the support member 16 is extended in the vertical direction Z at a position spaced apart from the concrete structure 2 on the water area side. The support member 16 is arranged along the existing surface of the concrete structure 2 . The support member 16 is fixed to the ground of the concrete structure 2 or the bottom B of the water. The support member 16 is configured by, for example, a metal rod-shaped member or tubular member. In this embodiment, the support members 16 are installed at two locations spaced apart in the width direction Y, but the number and arrangement of the support members 16 are not particularly limited, and are appropriately determined according to the size of the block member 13 and the like. can.

この実施形態では、コンクリート構造体２の既成面に下方固定部１７を固定し、その下方固定部１７に支持部材１６の下端部を固定することで、支持部材１６をコンクリート構造体２に対して固定している。コンクリート構造体２に対する支持部材１６の固定方法は、この実施形態に限定されず、他にも様々な構成にすることができる。コンクリート構造体２に対して支持部材１６を固定する作業は、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付ける前に陸上で行うこともできるし、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に水中で行うこともできる。支持部材１６を水底Ｂの地盤に固定する場合には、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に、支持部材１６の下部を水底Ｂの地盤に打設して固定する。 In this embodiment, the lower fixing portion 17 is fixed to the existing surface of the concrete structure 2 , and the lower end portion of the support member 16 is fixed to the lower fixing portion 17 , so that the support member 16 is attached to the concrete structure 2 . Fixed. The method of fixing the support member 16 to the concrete structure 2 is not limited to this embodiment, and various other configurations are possible. The work of fixing the support member 16 to the concrete structure 2 can be performed on land before the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B, or can be performed underwater after the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B. can also When the support member 16 is fixed to the ground of the water bottom B, after the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B, the lower part of the support member 16 is cast into the ground of the water bottom B and fixed.

次いで、クレーン等を使用してブロック部材１３を吊り上げて、支持部材１６の上方から、ブロック部材１３に形成されている挿通孔１４に支持部材１６を挿通させる。そして、挿通孔１４に支持部材１６を挿通させた状態で、ブロック部材１３を下方移動させて対象範囲４に配置する。この実施形態では、ブロック部材１３を下方固定部１７の上に載置することで、コンクリート構造体２に対するブロック部材１３の位置合わせが完了する。 Next, the block member 13 is lifted using a crane or the like, and the support member 16 is inserted through the insertion hole 14 formed in the block member 13 from above the support member 16 . Then, while the support member 16 is inserted through the insertion hole 14 , the block member 13 is moved downward and arranged in the target range 4 . In this embodiment, the positioning of the block member 13 with respect to the concrete structure 2 is completed by placing the block member 13 on the lower fixing portion 17 .

そして、ブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２に対して固定する。この実施形態では、ブロック部材１３の上方に支持部材１６とコンクリート構造体２の既成面とに固定される上方固定部１８を設けて、下方固定部１７と上方固定部１８とによりブロック部材１３を挟持した状態で、ブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２に対して固定している。下方固定部１７および上方固定部１８は必要に応じて任意に設けることができる。例えば、ブロック部材１３を所定の高さ位置に吊った状態で、ブロック部材１３を固定具等によってコンクリート構造体２に固定することもできる。 Then, the block member 13 is fixed to the concrete structure 2 . In this embodiment, an upper fixing portion 18 fixed to the support member 16 and the existing surface of the concrete structure 2 is provided above the block member 13 , and the block member 13 is fixed by the lower fixing portion 17 and the upper fixing portion 18 . The block member 13 is fixed to the concrete structure 2 while being sandwiched. The lower fixing portion 17 and the upper fixing portion 18 can be arbitrarily provided as required. For example, it is possible to fix the block member 13 to the concrete structure 2 with a fixture or the like while the block member 13 is suspended at a predetermined height.

このように、凸部６および挿通孔１４を有するブロック部材１３と支持部材１６とを用いると、ブロック部材１３に形成されている挿通孔１４に支持部材１６を挿通させた状態にすることで、ブロック部材１３が支持部材１６に対して、支持部材１６の延在方向（上下方向Ｚ）と直交する方向（水平方向）における移動は制限され、支持部材１６の延在方向における移動は可能な状態になる。それ故、支持部材１６をガイドにして、コンクリート構造体２に対するブロック部材１３（凸部６）の位置合わせを安定した状態で容易に行える。特に、コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する工程を水中で行う場合には、ブロック部材１３に形成されている挿通孔１４に支持部材１６を挿通させることで、ブロック部材１３の水中における動揺を抑制でき、コンクリート構造体２に対するブロック部材１３の位置合わせと固定作業を非常に安定した状態で行える。それ故、護岸構造１を非常に効率よく構築できる。 When the block member 13 having the projection 6 and the insertion hole 14 and the support member 16 are used in this way, by inserting the support member 16 into the insertion hole 14 formed in the block member 13, The movement of the block member 13 relative to the support member 16 in the direction (horizontal direction) orthogonal to the extension direction (vertical direction Z) of the support member 16 is restricted, and the movement in the extension direction of the support member 16 is possible. become. Therefore, by using the supporting member 16 as a guide, the positioning of the block member 13 (convex portion 6) with respect to the concrete structure 2 can be easily performed in a stable state. In particular, when the step of attaching the projections 6 to the concrete structure 2 is performed underwater, by inserting the support member 16 into the insertion hole 14 formed in the block member 13, the movement of the block member 13 in water is suppressed. can be suppressed, and the positioning and fixing work of the block member 13 with respect to the concrete structure 2 can be performed in a very stable state. Therefore, the bank protection structure 1 can be constructed very efficiently.

さらに、支持部材１６の下部にブロック部材１３を支持する下方固定部１７を設けると、ブロック部材１３を所望の高さ位置に安定した状態で設置できるので、コンクリート構造体２に対してブロック部材１３を固定する作業をより安定した状態で行える。さらに、護岸構造１を構築する水域の水深が深い場合にも、下方固定部１７を設けることでブロック部材１３を水底Ｂまで延在させて設置する必要がなくなる。それ故、護岸構造１を比較的低いコストで効率的に構築できる。 Furthermore, if a lower fixing portion 17 for supporting the block member 13 is provided at the lower portion of the support member 16, the block member 13 can be stably installed at a desired height position. can be fixed in a more stable state. Furthermore, even when the water depth of the water area where the revetment structure 1 is constructed is deep, the provision of the lower fixing portion 17 eliminates the need to extend the block member 13 to the water bottom B and install it. Therefore, the bank protection structure 1 can be efficiently constructed at a relatively low cost.

さらに、下方固定部１７および上方固定部１８によりブロック部材１３を挟持した状態で、ブロック部材１３を支持部材１６に固定する構成にすると、コンクリート構造体２にブロック部材１３を直接固定せずとも、コンクリート構造体２に対してブロック部材１３を安定した状態で簡易に固定できる。さらに、ブロック部材１３をコンクリート構造体２に対して容易に着脱できるので、メンテナンス性が高くなる。支持部材１６を水底Ｂの地盤に打設して固定する場合にも、支持部材１６の上下方向Ｚの中途位置に下方固定部１７、上方固定部１８を設けることで、同様の効果を奏することができる。 Furthermore, when the block member 13 is fixed to the support member 16 while the block member 13 is sandwiched between the lower fixing portion 17 and the upper fixing portion 18, the block member 13 can be fixed to the concrete structure 2 without directly fixing the block member 13. The block member 13 can be easily fixed to the concrete structure 2 in a stable state. Furthermore, since the block member 13 can be easily attached to and detached from the concrete structure 2, maintainability is enhanced. Even when the support member 16 is fixed by driving it into the ground of the bottom of the water B, the same effect can be obtained by providing the lower fixing portion 17 and the upper fixing portion 18 at the midpoint of the support member 16 in the vertical direction Z. can be done.

図７～図９に例示するさらに別の実施形態のように、護岸構造１は、例えば、板状部１９ａおよび凸部６を有するパネル部材１９と、ガイド枠２０とを用いて構築することもできる。この構築方法では、コンクリート構造体２とは別体の凸部６を有するパネル部材１９を予め成形しておく。パネル部材１９は、板状部１９ａの水域側に凸部６が設けられた構成になっている。凸部６よりも幅方向Ｙ外側に板状部１９ａの端部が突出した形状になっている。パネル部材１９は、例えば、鉄筋コンクリートや金属部材等で形成される。この実施形態では、上下方向Ｚに複数の凸部６が隣接して配設されたパネル部材１９を用いているが、上下方向Ｚに隣り合う凸部６どうしの間に非設置面５を有するパネル部材１９や、単数の凸部６を有するパネル部材１９を用いることもできる。 As in still another embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9, the bank protection structure 1 may be constructed using, for example, a panel member 19 having a plate-like portion 19a and a convex portion 6, and a guide frame 20. can. In this construction method, a panel member 19 having a projection 6 that is separate from the concrete structure 2 is molded in advance. The panel member 19 has a structure in which a convex portion 6 is provided on the water area side of the plate-like portion 19a. The end portion of the plate-like portion 19a protrudes outward in the width direction Y from the convex portion 6. As shown in FIG. The panel member 19 is made of, for example, reinforced concrete or a metal member. In this embodiment, a panel member 19 in which a plurality of protrusions 6 are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Z is used, but the non-installation surface 5 is provided between adjacent protrusions 6 in the vertical direction Z. A panel member 19 or a panel member 19 having a single protrusion 6 can also be used.

ガイド枠２０は、パネル部材１９の板状部１９ａの端部が嵌り込む溝部２０ａを有している。ガイド枠２０は、例えば、Ｚ形鋼やＨ形鋼などの金属部材で構成される。ガイド枠２０の下端部にはパネル部材１９を支持する底面部２０ｂが設けられている。 The guide frame 20 has a groove portion 20a into which the end portion of the plate-like portion 19a of the panel member 19 is fitted. The guide frame 20 is made of, for example, a metal member such as Z-shaped steel or H-shaped steel. A bottom portion 20 b for supporting the panel member 19 is provided at the lower end portion of the guide frame 20 .

コンクリート構造体２にそれぞれの凸部６を付設する工程では、コンクリート構造体２の水域側の既成面に上下方向Ｚに延在するガイド枠２０を固定する。この実施形態では、対象範囲４の幅方向Ｙに離間した２箇所にガイド枠２０を固定している。コンクリート構造体２にガイド枠２０を固定する作業は、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付ける前に陸上で行うこともできるし、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けた後に水中で行うこともできる。 In the step of attaching each projection 6 to the concrete structure 2, a guide frame 20 extending in the vertical direction Z is fixed to the existing surface of the concrete structure 2 on the water area side. In this embodiment, the guide frames 20 are fixed at two locations spaced apart in the width direction Y of the target range 4 . The work of fixing the guide frame 20 to the concrete structure 2 can be performed on land before the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B, or can be performed underwater after the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B. can.

次いで、クレーン等を使用してパネル部材１９を吊り上げて、ガイド枠２０の上方から、ガイド枠２０の溝部２０ａにパネル部材１９の板状部１９ａの端部を嵌め込む。そして、ガイド枠２０の溝部２０ａにパネル部材１９の板状部１９ａを嵌め込んだ状態で、パネル部材１９を下方移動させて対象範囲４に配置する。この実施形態では、パネル部材１９をガイド枠２０の底面部２０ｂの上に載置することで、コンクリート構造体２に対するパネル部材１９の位置合わせが完了する。 Next, the panel member 19 is lifted using a crane or the like, and the end of the plate-like portion 19a of the panel member 19 is fitted into the groove 20a of the guide frame 20 from above. Then, the panel member 19 is moved downward and arranged in the target range 4 while the plate-like portion 19 a of the panel member 19 is fitted in the groove portion 20 a of the guide frame 20 . In this embodiment, the alignment of the panel member 19 with respect to the concrete structure 2 is completed by placing the panel member 19 on the bottom surface portion 20b of the guide frame 20 .

そして、パネル部材１９をコンクリート構造体２に対して固定する。この実施形態では、パネル部材１９の上方にパネル部材１９に固定される抑え部２１を設けて、ガイド枠２０の底面部２０ｂと抑え部２１とによりパネル部材１９を挟持した状態で、パネル部材１９をガイド枠２０に固定している。ガイド枠２０の底面部２０ｂおよび抑え部２１は必要に応じて任意に設けることができる。例えば、パネル部材１９を所定の高さ位置に吊った状態で、パネル部材１９を固定具等によってコンクリート構造体２に固定することもできる。 Then, the panel member 19 is fixed to the concrete structure 2 . In this embodiment, a holding portion 21 fixed to the panel member 19 is provided above the panel member 19, and the panel member 19 is held in a state in which the panel member 19 is sandwiched between the bottom portion 20b of the guide frame 20 and the holding portion 21. is fixed to the guide frame 20. The bottom portion 20b and the holding portion 21 of the guide frame 20 can be arbitrarily provided as required. For example, it is possible to fix the panel member 19 to the concrete structure 2 with a fixture or the like while the panel member 19 is hung at a predetermined height position.

このように、板状部１９ａおよび凸部６を有するパネル部材１９とガイド枠２０とを用いると、ガイド枠２０の溝部２０ａにパネル部材１９の板状部１９ａを嵌め込んだ状態にすることで、パネル部材１９がガイド枠２０に対して、ガイド枠２０の延在方向（上下方向Ｚ）と直交する方向（水平方向）における移動は制限され、ガイド枠２０の延在方向における移動は可能な状態になる。それ故、ガイド枠２０をガイドにして、コンクリート構造体２に対するパネル部材１９（凸部６）の位置合わせを容易に行える。特に、コンクリート構造体２に凸部６を付設する工程を水中で行う場合には、ガイド枠２０の溝部２０ａにパネル部材１９の板状部１９ａを嵌め込んだ状態にすることで、パネル部材１９の水中における動揺を抑制でき、コンクリート構造体２に対するパネル部材１９の位置合わせと固定作業を非常に安定した状態で行える。それ故、護岸構造１を非常に効率よく構築できる。 When the panel member 19 having the plate-like portion 19a and the convex portion 6 and the guide frame 20 are used in this manner, the plate-like portion 19a of the panel member 19 can be fitted into the groove portion 20a of the guide frame 20. , the movement of the panel member 19 with respect to the guide frame 20 in the direction (horizontal direction) orthogonal to the extending direction (vertical direction Z) of the guide frame 20 is restricted, and the movement in the extending direction of the guide frame 20 is possible. become a state. Therefore, by using the guide frame 20 as a guide, the positioning of the panel member 19 (convex portion 6) with respect to the concrete structure 2 can be easily performed. In particular, when the step of attaching the projections 6 to the concrete structure 2 is performed underwater, the panel member 19 can be moved by inserting the plate-like portion 19a of the panel member 19 into the groove portion 20a of the guide frame 20. swaying in water can be suppressed, and the alignment and fixing work of the panel member 19 with respect to the concrete structure 2 can be performed in a very stable state. Therefore, the bank protection structure 1 can be constructed very efficiently.

さらに、ガイド枠２０の下部にパネル部材１９を載置する底面部２０ｂを設けると、パネル部材１９を所望の高さ位置に安定した状態で設置できるので、コンクリート構造体２に対してパネル部材１９を固定する作業をより安定した状態で行える。さらに、護岸構造１を構築する水域の水深が深い場合にも、底面部２０ｂを設けることでパネル部材１９を水底Ｂまで延在させて設置する必要がなくなる。それ故、護岸構造１を比較的低いコストで効率的に構築できる。 Further, by providing a bottom portion 20b on which the panel member 19 is placed under the guide frame 20, the panel member 19 can be stably installed at a desired height position. can be fixed in a more stable state. Furthermore, even when the water depth of the water area where the bank protection structure 1 is constructed is deep, the provision of the bottom surface portion 20b eliminates the need to extend the panel member 19 to the water bottom B and install it. Therefore, the bank protection structure 1 can be efficiently constructed at a relatively low cost.

さらに、底面部２０ｂおよび抑え部２１によりパネル部材１９を挟持した状態で、パネル部材１９をガイド枠２０に固定すると、コンクリート構造体２にパネル部材１９を直接固定せずとも、コンクリート構造体２に対してパネル部材１９を安定した状態で簡易に固定できる。さらに、パネル部材１９をコンクリート構造体２に対して容易に着脱できるので、メンテナンス性が高くなる。 Furthermore, when the panel member 19 is fixed to the guide frame 20 while the panel member 19 is sandwiched between the bottom surface portion 20b and the holding portion 21, the panel member 19 can be attached to the concrete structure 2 without directly fixing the panel member 19 to the concrete structure 2. In contrast, the panel member 19 can be easily fixed in a stable state. Furthermore, since the panel member 19 can be easily attached to and detached from the concrete structure 2, maintainability is enhanced.

複数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３やパネル部材１９を用いると、コンクリート構造体２に対して少ない作業工数で複数の凸部６を付設できるので、護岸構造１を非常に効率よく構築できる。一方で、単数の凸部６を有するブロック部材１３やパネル部材１９を用いる場合には、ひとつひとつのブロック部材１３やパネル部材１９のサイズが小さくなり、重量も比較的軽くなるので、少人数で護岸構造１を構築することが可能となる。 By using the block member 13 or the panel member 19 having a plurality of protrusions 6, the plurality of protrusions 6 can be attached to the concrete structure 2 with a small number of man-hours, so that the revetment structure 1 can be constructed very efficiently. On the other hand, when block members 13 and panel members 19 having a single convex portion 6 are used, each block member 13 and panel member 19 is small in size and relatively light in weight. Structure 1 can be constructed.

尚、護岸構造１を構成するコンクリート構造体２の形状や構造は特に限定されず、例えば、図１０に例示するさらに別の実施形態の護岸構造１のように、コンクリート構造体２としてスリット３（開口部）を有するケーソン（所謂、スリットケーソン）を採用することもできる。この実施形態では、コンクリート構造体２の幅方向Ｙに間隔をあけて形成されたスリット３どうしの間の壁面部分に複数の凸部６を配設している。例えば、スリット３の上方や下方の壁面部分に複数の凸部６を設けることもできる。 The shape and structure of the concrete structure 2 that constitutes the bank protection structure 1 are not particularly limited. A caisson having an opening (so-called slit caisson) can also be employed. In this embodiment, a plurality of protrusions 6 are arranged on the wall surface portion between the slits 3 formed at intervals in the width direction Y of the concrete structure 2 . For example, a plurality of projections 6 can be provided on wall surfaces above and below the slit 3 .

上記に例示したそれぞれの実施形態では、コンクリート構造体２の既成面や凸部６を設けていない非設置面５が垂直面である場合を例示したが、例えば、既成面や非設置面５が垂直に対して傾いた傾斜面であってもよい。また、コンクリート構造体２の正面側（沖側）に凸部６を設ける場合を例示したが、例えば、同様にコンクリート構造体２の水域に面する側面側に凸部６を設けることもできる。また、コンクリート構造体２を水底Ｂに据付けて新設の護岸構造１を構築する場合を例示したが、例えば、既設護岸に対して凸部６を付設することで、本発明の護岸構造１を構築することもできる。 In each of the embodiments illustrated above, the case where the existing surface of the concrete structure 2 and the non-installation surface 5 on which the convex portion 6 is not provided is a vertical surface is exemplified. It may be an inclined surface inclined with respect to the vertical. Moreover, although the case where the convex part 6 is provided in the front side (offshore side) of the concrete structure 2 was illustrated, the convex part 6 can also be similarly provided in the side surface side which faces the water area of the concrete structure 2, for example. Moreover, although the case where the concrete structure 2 is installed on the water bottom B to construct the new bank protection structure 1 has been exemplified, for example, the bank protection structure 1 of the present invention is constructed by attaching the projections 6 to the existing bank protection. You can also

１護岸構造
２コンクリート構造体
３スリット
４対象範囲
５非設置面
６凸部
７上面部
７ａ窪部
８前面部
９稜角部
１０突起部
１１切欠部
１２貫通孔
１３ブロック部材
１４挿通孔
１５フレーム
１６支持部材
１７下方固定部
１８上方固定部
１９パネル部材
１９ａ板状部
２０ガイド枠
２０ａ溝部
２０ｂ底面部
２１抑え部
Ｂ水底
Ｌ水生生物
Ｓ貝類
Ａ藻類 1 Revetment structure 2 Concrete structure 3 Slit 4 Target range 5 Non-installation surface 6 Projection 7 Upper surface 7a Recess 8 Front surface 9 Ridge 10 Projection 11 Notch 12 Through hole 13 Block member 14 Insertion hole 15 Frame 16 Support Member 17 Lower fixing part 18 Upper fixing part 19 Panel member 19a Plate-like part 20 Guide frame 20a Groove part 20b Bottom part 21 Retaining part B Water bottom L Aquatic organism S Shellfish A Algae

Claims

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a bank protection structure having areas where parts overlap each other in a plan view,
The convex portion has an upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion,
A support member is vertically extended at a position spaced apart from the water area side of the concrete structure,
The block member having the convex portion is provided with an insertion hole penetrating in a vertical direction, the block member is arranged in the target range with the support member inserted in the insertion hole, and the block member is fixed to the concrete structure.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a bank protection structure having areas where parts overlap each other in a plan view,
The convex portion has an upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion,
A vertically extending guide frame is fixed to a wall surface of the concrete structure on the water area side,
The panel member is arranged in the target range in a state in which the plate-like portion of the panel member having the plate-like portion and the convex portion is fitted in the groove portion of the guide frame, and the panel member is the concrete structure. A revetment structure characterized by being fixed to the body.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a bank protection structure having areas where parts overlap each other in a plan view,
The convex portion has an upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion,
A revetment structure characterized in that all of the projections are arranged at positions always below the surface of the water.

The bank protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the concrete structure is a caisson, and a plurality of the projections are arranged on the wall surface of the caisson facing the water area.

The bank protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an angle formed by the extending direction of the upper surface portion and the extending direction of the front surface portion in a side view is within a range of 20° or more and 70° or less.

The bank protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a through-hole is formed vertically through the projection.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions where portions overlap each other in plan view,
In the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure, an upper surface portion and a front surface extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion. When attaching each of the convex portions having a portion,
A block member having the convex portion is manufactured,
In the step of attaching each of the projections to the concrete structure, a support member is vertically extended at a position spaced apart from the water area side of the concrete structure,
The block member is fixed to the concrete structure by arranging the block member in the target range in a state in which the support member is inserted through an insertion hole vertically penetrating the block member. construction method of the bank protection structure.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions where portions overlap each other in plan view,
In the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure, an upper surface portion and a front surface extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion. When attaching each of the convex portions having a portion,
A panel member having a plate-like portion and the convex portion is molded in advance,
In the step of attaching each of the projections to the concrete structure, a vertically extending guide frame is fixed to a wall surface of the concrete structure on the water area side,
The panel member is arranged in the target range with the plate-like portion of the panel member fitted in the groove portion of the guide frame, and the panel member is fixed to the concrete structure. Construction method of seawall structure.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions where portions overlap each other in plan view,
each of the convex portions and the concrete structure having an upper surface portion and a front surface portion extending downward from a front end portion of the upper surface portion projecting toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion; is manufactured as an integrated body, and this integrated body is installed on the bottom of the water so that all the projections are always placed under the water surface.

Concrete structure constituting a bank protection has a plurality of protrusions arranged vertically in a target range facing a water area and protruding toward the water area, and the protrusions are arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. In a method for constructing a bank protection structure having regions where portions overlap each other in plan view,
In the target range of the prefabricated concrete structure, an upper surface portion and a front surface extending downward from a tip portion of the upper surface portion protruding toward the water area toward a rear end portion of the upper surface portion. A method for constructing a bank protection structure, characterized in that all of the projections are always placed under the surface of the water.

The bank protection structure according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein a caisson is used as the concrete structure, and a plurality of the projections are arranged on a wall surface portion of the caisson facing the water area.