JP4956345B2 - Coral aquaculture structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure for coral aquaculture that is used to efficiently cultivate and cultivate coral larvae.

Coral reefs contribute to environmental conservation in coastal waters and play an important role in the conservation and development of marine resources. Is an urgent need. Various attempts have been made to create coral reefs from the viewpoint of coral reef protection. A frame made of steel, resin, or chemical fiber is attached to the frame, and the reef-building coral is fixed to the net with a wire or the like to increase the culture of the coral (Patent Document 1). This is the case in which the coral larvae are stacked and grown in this state (Patent Document 2). In addition, a lattice-like structure has also been proposed as a device that promotes the growth of spores and larvae such as seaweed and sponge animals (Patent Document 3).
JP 2004-129640 A JP2007-135511 JP 2002-360109 A

  Coral larvae swim with cilia, land on the adherent base, transform into a polyp, and grow by gradually increasing the polyp. According to a research report observing how coral larvae settle on the adherent base, coral larvae tend to land in a darker place than in direct sunlight, and those where there is a tidal current are more likely to land. It is said that it is easy to do.

  The known net-like structure described above is capable of moving seawater through the mesh even if stacked in multiple stages where there is a tidal current, but when it hits the sun, it is less likely to cause shade and coral larvae are less likely to land, it is conceivable that. Moreover, the work of attaching a net | network to a frame is required for a net-like structure.

  Lattice-like aquaculture equipment can be integrally molded, and is thicker than a net-like structure, so it tends to be shaded.However, when it sinks from the workboat to the seabed, it lays on the seabed and lands on the seabed. If it is sand, some or all of it is buried in gravel, and even if the seabed is rocky, there is little or no flow of seawater, so coral larvae floating by the flow of tide land on the aquaculture equipment. Hateful.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a coral aquaculture structure that is supported on the seabed in a form suitable for landing of coral larvae by simply sinking to the seabed, is relatively simple in structure, and is easy to manufacture. To do.

The invention according to claim 1 is a structure for coral aquaculture that is installed on the seabed for landing coral larvae, and is a lattice-like structure in which thin and long vertical bars and horizontal bars are assembled vertically and horizontally. Coral aquaculture structure having a three-dimensional structure in which at least two structures composed of a structure or a honeycomb structure in which thin plate-like ribs of a certain width are assembled in a honeycomb shape are assembled so as to cross each other at an appropriate angle In the structure, the structure is a square in a planar shape, and a slit is formed from the center of at least one side of each side of the rectangle toward the center of the structure, and another structure is inserted into the slit. It is characterized in that the structure has a symmetrical shape on both sides of the object, and a half-shaped structure is orthogonally assembled and assembled in a cross shape, and the vertical beam and horizontal beam or rib of the structure preferably have a surface. It is formed rough or uneven.

The structure for coral aquaculture of the invention according to claim 1 is a three-dimensional structure in which another structure is inserted and combined into a slit of a structure made of a lattice structure or a honeycomb structure. Just by sinking to the bottom of the sea, the end of the structure comes into contact with the bottom of the sea and can be supported stably in several places. Other structures can stand up from the sea floor, allowing sea water to pass through the structure, and, compared to the mesh structure, coral larvae have a larger floor area, and when the sun is inserted, The coral larvae that are blocked by the ribs and easily become shaded, and the coral larvae that have entered the structure are surrounded by the four bars and ribs and are not easily dissipated. It is easier to If the surface of the surface is rough or uneven, the coral larvae will be more easily settled, and the seabed will be in a place where there is no coral breeding base such as sand or coral gravel, or even if it is rock, It is possible to regenerate coral reefs by moving the coral larvae by using the coral aquaculture structure of the present invention even in a place where the coral larvae did not grow even if they moved and landed. The structure is advantageous in that it can be easily manufactured by integral molding. From the viewpoint of the growth of the coral larvae that have landed, the size of the lattices and honeycombs of the structure is preferably as large as possible. It is easy to cause food damage to catch coral larvae. On the other hand, if it is small, it is difficult for small fish to cause damage, but it tends to hinder the growth of the implanted coral larvae.

  The structure according to the present invention can also be made of metal such as aluminum or steel, wooden, concrete, ceramic, or plastic such as fiber reinforced plastic FRP, and the wooden or plastic is lightweight and portable. Workability when installing on the sea floor is good. Metals, especially wooden ones, corrode, but corrosives are desirable because they can be cultivated without hindering the growth of coral larvae.

  In order to implant coral larvae on the coral aquaculture structure of the present invention, not only waiting for floating coral larvae to attach due to the flow of tide, but also releasing artificially cultivated coral larvae. The structure for coral aquaculture of the present invention is installed as it is or in a disassembled structure in an aquarium installed on land or on the sea surface, or in a fence net installed in the sea, and a large amount of larvae are placed there for efficient landing It can also be made.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a coral aquaculture structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The structure 1 for coral aquaculture shown in FIG. 1 is a grid-like structure in which a horizontal beam 2a and a vertical beam 2b, each having a surface with a certain width and having a suitable roughness, are spaced at intervals of 5 cm, for example, and the eyes are square. 2 is composed of a three-dimensional structure in which the lattice-like structure 2 assembled in the shape of the grid structure 2 is assembled so as to be orthogonal to each other in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, a lattice structure 6 is formed with slits 4 formed from the left side toward the center of the figure and slits 5 having approximately half the length of the slit 4 from the upper and lower sides. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a lattice-like structure 8 in which slits 7 are formed from the right side toward the center, and the slits are divided at the center and from the divided center toward the left side or right side. A half lattice with slits 11 and 12 having the same length as 5 respectively. Using the structures 13 and 14, the lattice structures 6 and 8 of the lattice structures 6 and 8 are perpendicular to the lattice structures 6 and 8, and the slits 11 and 12 are formed as upper and lower slits 5. This is done by assembling them so as to be inserted into each other.

  The structure 1 for coral aquaculture shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to the manufacturing method as described above. For example, in the case of wood, it is assembled using nails or screws, and in the case of metal, welding, bolts, screws are used. In the case of resin, it can also be manufactured integrally by molding.

  In the structure 1 for coral aquaculture of the present embodiment, when submerged in the seabed, even if it lands on the seabed in an unstable state, it falls down and is supported on the seabed at at least three points. A state where one end is in contact with the seabed is a state of rising from the seabed, and a stable support state is obtained.

  Sea water can circulate in each lattice-like structure 2, and the crosspieces 2a and 2b are thin-plate-like, have a larger floor area for coral larvae than the mesh, and when the sun is inserted, The coral larvae that are shaded by the bars 2a and 2b of the structure 2 and enter the lattice are less likely to be dissipated by being surrounded by the four bars 2a and 2b. Furthermore, floating coral larvae are carried along with the circulating seawater, and even if they pass through one grid structure 2, they can land on another grid structure 2, so that coral larvae can be efficiently landed. become.

  The structure 1 for coral aquaculture according to this embodiment can also be used as a shell reef or fishing reef. Algae and the like also adhere to the coral aquaculture structure 1, but algae can be prevented from growing with small fish or shellfish.

  In the structure 1 for coral aquaculture shown in FIG. 1, the lattice-like structure 2 has a closed end in which the outermost side is closed by a cross 3 having the same width as the horizontal cross 2 a and the vertical cross 2 b. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the crosspiece 3 may be omitted and the horizontal crosspiece 2a and the vertical crosspiece 2b may be in the form of a cut end protruding at the end. When the cut-end type grid structure 9 as shown in FIG. 6 is used, when the structure 1 is submerged on the seabed, the end of the horizontal beam 2a or the vertical beam 2b is caught on the seabed or pierced by the ocean current. The movement of the structure 1 can be prevented.

In the structure for coral aquaculture shown in FIG. 1, nails or legs 10 as in the reference example shown in FIG. 7 may be detachably attached to the corners of each lattice structure 2. In addition to being able to prevent the movement of the structure 1 due to the ocean current by catching or piercing the nails or legs 10 on the seabed, the lattice structure 2 is supported on the seabed and the corners are on the seabed. It can be prevented from being buried.

  The claw or leg 10 described above has an optimum length according to the condition of the seabed, but it is desirable to provide a projection or skirt for preventing settlement in the middle. When the structure 1 for coral aquaculture is sunk with the nails or legs 10 facing downward, the nails or leg tips pierce the seabed with the weight of the structure 1 itself, and the piercing is possible until the protrusion or skirt hits the seabed. In this state, the structure 1 is fixed. Since the claws or legs 10 are inserted into the seabed until the projection or skirt hits the seabed, the lattice structure 2 is supported in a state of being lifted from the seabed, and even part of it is not buried in the seabed sediment. Coral larvae can be landed efficiently.

The coral aquaculture structure 21 of the reference example shown in FIG. 8 has the same structure as the half-grid structure 13 or 14 shown in FIG. 4 or 5 and has a slit (not shown) on both sides. 9 is a three-dimensional structure in which the slits 23 on both sides of the plate-like structure 22 are assembled so that the slits are inserted into the slits 23 of the plate-like connecting member 24 in which the slits 23 shown in FIG. 9 are formed radially. It is.

The coral aquaculture structure 26 of the reference example shown in FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional structure in which long side portions on one side of the lattice structure 22 are radially attached to a core-shaped connection member 27. Although not shown, both ends of the member 27 are formed with a convex portion on one side and a concave portion on the other side. By fitting the convex portion into the concave portion, the connecting member 27 is connected in a straight line in the lateral direction, and the coral The aquaculture structures 26 can be easily connected sideways.

In the coral aquaculture structure of the reference example shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 10, regardless of the orientation, the long side lies down on the seabed and is stably supported. One side end touches the bottom of the sea and is supported and rises up from the bottom of the sea, or the whole is located on the bottom of the sea.

Also in the coral aquaculture structures 21 and 26 of the reference example , the grid-like structure 22 is in the form of a cut end in which a horizontal beam and a vertical beam protrude at the end, or in a corner or base at an appropriate position in FIG. A claw or leg 10 as shown can be attached and pierced into the sea floor to prevent movement and prevent it from being buried in the sea floor.
In the coral aquaculture structures 21 and 26 of the respective reference examples , similarly to the coral aquaculture structure 1 shown in FIG.

The coral aquaculture structure 31 of the reference example shown in FIG. 11 is connected to each connecting member 33 radially attached to the upper end of a rod 32 whose length can be adjusted to be short or long. A structure in which a short side portion is vertically oriented and is inclined so that the other end is lowered, and a three-dimensional structure in which a lattice-like structure 22 is vertically connected to a connecting member 33a attached to the upper end of the rod. Thus, although not shown, the connecting member 33a is formed with a recess as a connecting means for allowing another rod 32 to be inserted and connected in place of the lattice structure 22.

In the coral aquaculture structure 31 of this reference example , the lower end of the rod 32 pierces the seabed, and each lattice structure 22 is supported in a standing state with the outermost corner contacting the seabed. become. The rod 32 can be attached and detached as necessary.

Also in the coral aquaculture structure 31 of this reference example , the grid-like structure 22 is formed in the form of a cut end in which a horizontal beam or a vertical beam protrudes at the end portion, and the corner of the outermost end is pierced into the seabed. The movement prevention effect will be improved.

The coral aquaculture structure 35 of the reference example shown in FIG. 12 is similar to the coral aquaculture structure 31 shown in FIG. A plurality of coral aquaculture structures 31 are connected in series to a connecting member 33a of the coral aquaculture structure 31.

The coral aquaculture structure 41 of the reference example shown in FIG. 13 is a box-like structure in which the lattice-like structure 2 described above is assembled into a regular hexahedron of four side surfaces and upper and lower surfaces, with sharpened tips at the four corners. A leg 42 made of an angle iron whose length is adjusted protrudes downward by a fastener (not shown) and is detachably fastened.

  The above-described coral aquaculture structure 41 may be constructed by assembling the lattice structure 2 at the factory and carrying it to the installation site. However, the coral aquaculture structure 41 is bulky due to its own weight during transportation. Therefore, preferably, the lattice-like structure 2 is assembled to a regular hexahedron by using a fastener such as a bolt on the site or by fitting it into a frame. Similarly, the legs 3 are fixed to the lattice-like structure 2 at the factory, or are fixed to the lattice-like structure or frame by fastening them with bolts or the like at the site.

In the coral aquaculture structure 41 of the present reference example, when the coral aquaculture structure 41 is sunk with the legs 42 facing downward, like the coral aquaculture structure 1 of the above-described embodiment, the leg tip is caused by its own weight. Can pierce the bottom of the sea and fix it firmly, and even if the sea floor is sandy, it can be prevented from being buried.

The coral aquaculture structure 41 of the reference example has a regular hexahedron, but is formed in a rectangular box shape in another reference example .
The coral aquaculture structure 41 of the reference example is also used alone in the illustrated example, but may be used by connecting it horizontally or vertically using a joint. In the case of connecting in the vertical direction, the legs 42 are omitted from the structures 41 in the second and higher stages.

In the coral aquaculture structure 45 of the reference example shown in FIG. 14, steel pipes 46 are attached to the four corners of the coral aquaculture structure 41 of the reference example in place of the legs 42, and coil springs 47 are attached to the lower ends of the steel pipes 46. The pipes 49 are connected to each leg 48 in a detachable manner, and compressed air is received from a compressor mounted on a small marine vessel on the sea. It is supplied to each leg 48 through a tube 49 and is ejected from an oblique cut at the lower end of the leg.

According to the coral aquaculture structure 45 of the present reference example , when the leg tip sinks into the seabed and the leg tip pierces the seabed, the friction force between the leg lower end and the seabed ground is reduced by the bubbles ejected from the leg lower end, and the coil spring In 47, the leg tip vibrates somewhat in the front / rear, left / right and even up / down, and is deeply inserted into the seabed, so that the leg can be firmly attached to the seabed.

The coral aquaculture structure 51 of the reference example shown in FIG. 15 has a lattice-like structure on each frame 52b of a frame 52 having four corners 52a and a rectangular frame 52b that connects the columns 52a vertically at regular intervals. The object 53 is mounted and the above-described lattice-like structure 2 is attached to each side surface of the four sides. The lower part of each column 52a is a leg 52c having a pointed tip. The lattice structure 53 and the lattice structure 2 have the same structure except that the attachment structure to the rectangular frame 52b or the frame 52 is slightly different. It is desirable to color-code the lattice structure 2 and the lattice structure 53 so that the two lattice structures 2 and 53 are not mistaken when assembled.
The coral aquaculture structure 41, 45, 51 of each reference example has the same effect as the coral aquaculture structure 1 of the reference example described above.

The coral aquaculture structure 55 of the reference example shown in FIG. 16 has a form in which steel lattice-like structures 56 are assembled on the four side surfaces of a truncated quadrangular pyramid having a trapezoidal longitudinal section. Each lattice-like structure 56 is attached to a frame 57, and a leg 58 having a pointed tip is protruded downward on the lower side of the frame 57 and fixed by a stopper. The upper ends of the frame 57 are connected by a bar 59 having a T-shaped cross section.
In the coral aquaculture structure 55 of the present reference example , since the center of gravity is low, the coral aquaculture structure 55 is unlikely to fall, and the mounting state is stable.

Each of the coral aquaculture structures 41, 45, 51, and 55 of each reference example includes the legs 42, 48, 52c, and 58, but the legs may be omitted. In this case, each of the coral aquaculture structures 41, 45, 51, 55 is directly installed on the seabed, but it is desirable to attach a side protruding sleeve or a skirt to prevent the fall. When moving, the structure 41, 45, 51, 55 for coral aquaculture is lifted using a crane or the like, and the legs 42, 48, 52c, 58 are extracted from the seabed. In order to facilitate the movement, the coral aquaculture is performed. It is desirable to carry out the process after attaching the float to the structures 41, 45, 51, 55 for use. When the legs 42, 48, 52 c and 58 are not provided, the movement can be easily performed only by attaching the float to the coral aquaculture structure 41, 45, 51, 55.

The coral aquaculture structure 61 of the reference example shown in FIG. 17 is a cylindrical body having a lattice shape on the circumferential surface and the top and bottom surfaces, and the cross section is not limited to a circle, but is a pseudo-close to a circle. It may be a circular polygon. In the illustrated example, the legs are not provided, but the legs 42, 48, 52c, and 58 may be attached in the same manner as the coral aquaculture structures 41, 45, 51, and 55 in the reference example .

The coral aquaculture structures 41, 45, 51, 55 of each of the above reference examples are installed on the seabed so that the lattice-like structure 2 on either side faces a direction perpendicular to the tide flow. Since the coral aquaculture structure 61 of the reference example has no directionality, it may be installed in any direction. Even a pseudo-circular polygon whose cross section is almost cylindrical, has little directionality and may be installed in virtually any direction.

The reference example shown in FIG. 18 is obtained by installing the grid-like structures 2 constituting the coral aquaculture structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 at an appropriate interval on the sea floor. Although it is placed in a direction perpendicular to the tide flow, it is not shown in the figure, but it is inserted into the sea floor in two places on the left and right, and attached with pointed legs.

In this reference example , it is not necessary to assemble the lattice structure 2 at the time of installation, but the lattice structure 2 may be assembled to the frames 52 and 57 when the coral larvae are grown to some extent.

Each of the coral aquaculture structures 1, 21, 31, 35, 41, 45, 51, 55, 61 of each reference example uses a lattice structure, but in another reference example , a constant width The surface is configured in a honeycomb shape using ribs having a thin plate shape with an appropriate roughness. These structures can raise the effect of aquaculture by changing the interval between the thin plate-like crosspieces or ribs. For example, in the case of the lattice-like structure of the coral aquaculture structure 1 shown in FIG. 1, by reducing the interval between the crosspieces, it is possible to promote the inhabiting of scallops that supplement seaweeds that inhibit coral growth. it can. Furthermore, by tilting the grid structure in the vertical direction like the grid structure 2 constituting the side surface of FIG. 13, it is possible to inhibit the flow of the tide and make a turbulent flow. The landing effect can be adjusted by changing the flow velocity.

The perspective view of the structure for coral aquaculture. The front view of the lattice-shaped structure which comprises the structure for coral aquaculture shown in FIG. The front view of the another lattice-like structure. The front view of another lattice-like structure. The front view of another lattice-like structure. The perspective view of a grid structure of a cut end type. The perspective view of the nail | claw or leg attached to the corner of a lattice-like structure. The perspective view of the reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The front view of a connection member. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The front view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The front view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of another reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture. The perspective view of the other reference example of the structure for coral aquaculture.

1,2,26,31,35,41,45,51,55,61 ... Structures for coral aquaculture 2, 6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 22, 53, 56 ... Grid structures 2a ·· Horizontal rail 2b · · Vertical rail 3 ·· Cross 10 ·· Claw or leg 32 · · Rod 33, 33a · · Connection members 42, 48, 52c, 58 · · Leg 47 · · Coil spring 49 · · Tube 52 57..Frame 52a..Post 52b..Rectangular frame 59 ..

Claims (1)

A structure for coral aquaculture to be set up on the sea floor for the implantation of coral larvae, and is a grid-like structure or a fixed-width thin plate in which vertical strips and horizontal rails with a fixed width are assembled vertically and horizontally. In the coral aquaculture structure having a three-dimensional structure in which at least two structures made of a honeycomb structure assembled in a honeycomb shape are assembled so as to intersect each other at an appropriate angle , the structure is planar A square is formed, and a slit is formed from the center of at least one side of the square toward the center of the structure, and another structure is inserted into the slit to form a symmetrical shape on both sides of the structure. A structure for coral aquaculture, characterized in that it has a structure in which halved structures are orthogonally assembled in a cross shape.

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