JP7280049B2 - Chuck device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a chuck device capable of obliquely inserting a rod-shaped work.

In a machine tool, a workpiece is clamped on a spindle chuck, and a cutting tool is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece to automatically perform predetermined processing. Therefore, it is necessary that the workpiece is properly clamped to the spindle chuck during machining. Workpieces to be machined have various shapes, and there are, for example, rod-shaped ones such as shafts. Patent Literature 1 listed below discloses a conventional chuck device for gripping such a rod-shaped work. In this chuck device, a rod-shaped work is inserted into the insertion hole of the chuck body, and at that time, the rod-shaped work is supported by a V-block positioned in front of the chuck body. A swingable clamp arm having a clamping portion is provided above the V-block that supports the rod-like workpiece below. Therefore, by receiving a spring force in the swinging direction (downward) of the clamp arm, the clamp member presses the bar-shaped work from above, and the bar-shaped work is gripped between the V-block and the V-block.

JP 2014-008545 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 47-016049

The bar-shaped work shown in the above Patent Document 1 is an eccentric shaft such as a compressor shaft. The eccentric rod-shaped workpiece is not described in the same document, but since phase alignment is required during machining, some chuck devices have a positioning block for phase positioning in front of the V block. However, in such a chucking device, if the rod-like workpiece is inserted straight, the positioning block is caught, and even if it is inclined, the workpiece cannot be inserted by touching the chuck claws due to its deep depth. This is because the chuck stroke is small and there is not enough clearance, but in order to solve the problem, it is necessary to manufacture a chuck device with a large chuck stroke. However, this would increase the cost of the machine tool.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a chuck device capable of obliquely inserting a rod-shaped work.

A chuck device according to the present invention includes a chuck main body having an insertion hole for a rod-shaped work formed along a rotating shaft; A positioning member that is fixed to the insertion front side of the work supporting member and performs phase positioning of the rod-shaped work, and a chuck claw that presses the rod-shaped work toward the work supporting member from above are shaft members orthogonal to the rotating shaft. and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the chuck claws so that the front side of the insertion hole is always wider than the back side of the insertion hole, wherein the angle adjustment mechanism is a biasing member that biases the chuck claws toward the work supporting member from above on the insertion back side of the shaft member; and an adjusting means for

According to the above configuration, when a rod-shaped work is inserted into the insertion hole of the chuck main body, there are the work support member and the positioning member fixed to the front side of the insertion hole, and even if the stroke of the chuck claw is small, Since the oscillating chuck claws are in an inclined posture and the insertion portion is widened, oblique insertion of the rod-shaped work becomes possible.

1 is a front perspective view showing an embodiment of a chuck device; FIG. It is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a chuck device. It is a front view showing one embodiment of a chuck device. It is the figure which showed the workpiece|work clamp part of the chuck apparatus at the time of insertion of a rod-shaped workpiece|work. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a work clamping portion of the chuck device when clamping a bar-shaped work;

An embodiment of a chuck device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a chuck device assembled to a spindle device of a machine tool will be described as an example. FIG. 1 is a front perspective view showing a chuck device of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the chuck device. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a front view of a chuck device. 2. Description of the Related Art In a spindle device of a machine tool, a spindle 31 is rotatably assembled inside a headstock, and a chuck device 1 for gripping a work W is assembled to the tip of the spindle 31 .

In the spindle device, a drawbar 32 is coaxially assembled inside a spindle 31, and the output of the actuator is transmitted through the drawbar 32, thereby opening and closing the chuck claws 15 through the chuck mechanism configured in the chuck device 1. is to be carried out. Rotation of the spindle motor is transmitted through the spindle 31 to the spindle device, and the workpiece W gripped by the chuck device 1 is rotated during processing. In the machine tool, machining is performed such that the cutting tool is brought into contact with the workpiece W thus rotating.

The workpiece to be machined by the machine tool of the present embodiment is an axially long columnar workpiece that is eccentric (hereinafter referred to as a rod-shaped workpiece W), and the chuck device 1 is adapted for such a rod-shaped workpiece W. have a structure. In the chuck device 1, an insertion hole 11 is formed along the rotation axis O so that the rod-shaped workpiece W can enter the inside of the chuck body 22, and a workpiece support member supporting the rod-shaped workpiece W from below is provided on the front side of the insertion hole 11. 12 is fixed so as to protrude forward of the chuck body 22 . The work supporting member 12 is a V block having a V-shaped groove, and clamping portions 121 for contacting the rod-like work W are provided on both left and right sides.

Since the rod-shaped work W is eccentric, phase alignment is required when it is placed on the work support member 12 . For this reason, a notch 101 is formed along the axial direction at the end of the rod-shaped work W, and the chuck device 1 is formed with a positioning member 13 that fits into the notch 101 . The positioning member 13 is fixed to the front portion of the work support member 12, and has a positioning projection 131 protruding upward. The notch 101 has a narrow groove shape, and the positioning projection 131 is inserted into the notch 101 to position the rod-shaped work W in the rotational direction.

Next, when viewed in the axial direction of the rotation axis O, the chuck device 1 presses the rod-shaped work W from above against the work support member 12 that supports the lower side of the rod-shaped work W with the clamping portion 121 from two left and right directions. Chuck claws 15 are provided. The chuck claw 15 of this embodiment is a block body provided with two front and rear clamp portions 151 and 152 that are brought into contact with the rod-like workpiece W. is pivotally mounted by The chuck claws 15 are placed in recesses 171 of a holding block 17 fixed to the side of the chuck body 22 and supported by a horizontal shaft member 16 orthogonal to the rotation axis O of the chuck device 1 .

In the chuck device 1, the chuck claws 15 pivotally supported by the holding block 17 clamp and unclamp the rod-like workpiece W by displacing the holding block 17. As shown in FIG. In order to realize such an operation, in the chuck device 1, a base member 21 is fixed to a spindle 31 and rotatably supported, and a draw bar 32 is inserted into the base 21 and the chuck body 22. The connected cylindrical operating member 23 is configured to be displaced in the axial direction by an actuator.

Although not shown in detail, the chuck body 22 receives the axial displacement of the operation member 23, and the T nut slidably inserted into the T groove is axially displaced, as in the chuck device of Patent Document 2, for example. A chuck mechanism is constructed in which the holding block 17 is displaced in the radial direction by being displaced in the direction of . Therefore, the chuck claws 15 are supported by the shaft member 16 provided between the holding block 17 and displaced in the radial direction, so that the rod-like workpiece W is clamped and unclamped.

By the way, the chuck device 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the chuck claws 15 are swingable, like the conventional chuck device described in Patent Document 2. However, the mechanism for swinging the chuck claws in the document is a structure for pulling in the workpiece during clamping. Specifically, when the pressing member (main claw) presses the front side of the chuck claw (clamp claw) against the workpiece, the chuck claw swings, thereby exerting a force in the direction of pulling the workpiece inward in the insertion direction. It is configured.

On the other hand, the chuck device 1 of this embodiment enables the rod-like workpiece W to be inserted in an oblique direction. 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the workpiece clamping portion of the chuck device 1 shown in FIG. clamping time is shown. When the chuck device 1 is clamped, the holding block 17 is displaced in the radial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2), and the pressing force is transmitted to the chuck claws 15 via the shaft member 16. It is configured to clamp a rod-shaped work W.

Therefore, at the time of clamping shown in FIG. 5, the clamping force transmitted through the shaft member 16 is distributed to the front and rear clamping portions 151 and 152 of the chuck claw 15 and acts on the front and rear positions of the rod-like workpiece W. As shown in FIG. The chuck claw 15 is supported by the shaft member 16 and is swingable. Therefore, when the operator inserts the rod-shaped work W, the front side of the chuck claw 15 can be lifted, and the rod-shaped work W can be inserted at an angle. However, the chuck device 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the insertion portion is always widened during normal operation.

In the holding block 17 in which the chuck claws 15 are incorporated, the guide surface 711 corresponding to the bottom of the recess 171 is inclined upward toward the front side of the chuck device 1 . On the other hand, the upper surface 511 of the chuck claw 15 facing the guide surface 711 is parallel to the workpiece pressing surfaces of the lower clamping portions 151 and 152 . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface 511 follows the inclination of the guide surface 711, so that the front clamp portion 151 is positioned above the clamp portion 152, that is, the distance from the rotation axis O is increased. In this way, the chuck device 1 can take a posture in which the work insertion portion is wider during unclamping than during clamping.

A spring 18 is used so that the work insertion portion is always wide. A mounting hole is formed in the guide surface 711 of the holding block 17, and the chuck claw 15 is biased by the spring 18 inserted therein. Since the spring 18 urges the chuck claws 15 downward at a position deeper than the shaft member 16 , the front clamping portion 151 of the chuck claws 15 mounted swingably like a seesaw rises, and the chuck device 1 The insertion part of the is expanded.

Further, the holding block 17 is formed with a screw hole opening to the guide surface 711, and the adjusting screw 19 is inserted therein. The adjusting screw 19 is located on the front side of the shaft member 16 , and its tip protrudes downward from the guide surface 711 . The tip of the adjustment screw 19 is brought into contact with the front upper surface of the chuck claw 15 lifted by the spring 18 . Therefore, the angle of the chuck claws 15 in the normal state, that is, the degree of opening of the insertion portion of the chuck device 1 can be adjusted by the amount of protrusion of the adjusting screw 19 protruding from the guide surface 711 .

Next, the operation of the chuck device 1 of this embodiment will be described. When machining a rod-shaped work W with a machine tool, an operator inserts the rod-shaped work W into the insertion hole 11 of the chuck device 1 . At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the clamping portion 151 on the front side of the chuck claw 15 is lifted, and the insertion portion of the chuck device 1 is widened. Therefore, the rod-like workpiece W can be inserted obliquely according to the inclination of the inclined clamp portions 151 and 152 . After the insertion, the rod-shaped work W is placed on the work support member 12 and the notch 101 at the end is fitted to the protrusion 131 of the positioning member 13 . A positioning member 13 performs phase positioning for the rod-shaped chuck W in which the central axis O1 is deviated from the rotation axis O. As shown in FIG.

After the insertion of the rod-shaped work W by the operator, the chuck device 1 clamps the rod-shaped work W. As shown in FIG. In the chuck device 1, when the draw bar 32 is pulled, the holding block 17 is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis O through the operation of the chuck mechanism. be assigned to The chuck claws 15 tilted at the time of unclamping are sequentially pressed by the back clamping portion 152 and the front clamping portion 151 , thereby clamping the rod-shaped work W between itself and the work supporting member 12 . The bar-shaped work W, which is gripped with the central axis O1 parallel to the rotation axis O, rotates together with the chuck device 1 and is subjected to cutting or the like.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to insert the rod-shaped work W even in the chuck device 1 having a small stroke of the chuck claws 15 . That is, even if the distance between the workpiece supporting member 12 and the chuck claws 15 is narrow and the positioning member 13 exists in front of it, the swinging motion of the chuck claws 15 enables the oblique insertion of the rod-like workpiece W. Since the configuration in which the chuck claws 15 are supported by the shaft member 16 can be realized by modifying a part of the conventional chuck device, the cost of the chuck device 1 can be suppressed. In addition, since the chuck device 1 has a wide insertion portion in a normal form due to the spring 18, the operator can easily insert the rod-shaped work W. As shown in FIG.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Chuck device 11... Insertion hole 12... Work support member 13... Positioning member 15... Chuck claw 16... Shaft member 17... Holding block 18... Spring 19... Adjustment screw 22... Chuck body 101... Notch 151, 152... Clamp part 171... Recessed portion W... Bar-shaped work

Claims (2)

a chuck main body having an insertion hole for a rod-like workpiece formed along the rotation axis;
a work supporting member fixed to the insertion front side of the insertion hole and supporting the rod-shaped work from below;
a positioning member fixed to the insertion front side of the work support member and performing phase positioning of the rod-shaped work;
a gripping portion in which chuck claws for pressing the bar-shaped work toward the work supporting member from above are swingably attached by a shaft member orthogonal to the rotating shaft;
an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the chuck claws so that the insertion front side of the insertion hole is always wider than the insertion back side;
has
The angle adjustment mechanism includes a biasing member that biases the chuck claws toward the work supporting member from above on the insertion back side of the shaft member, and a biasing member that presses the chuck claws from above on the insertion front side of the shaft member to move the chuck. and adjusting means for adjusting the angle of the jaws . 3. The chuck claw is supported by the shaft member with respect to the holding block, and the adjusting means is an adjusting screw inserted into a screw hole formed in the holding block and projecting from the lower surface of the holding block. 2. The chuck device according to 1 .

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