JP7224189B2 - Crane and wiring method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crane used for construction work, which switches the number of wire ropes to be hoisted and lowered according to the weight of a suspended load, and a wiring method thereof.

A predetermined number of wire ropes are attached to a crane installed at a construction site and used for hoisting and lowering a load. Hoisting and unwinding are performed in a suspended state.
When the weight of the load to be lifted is heavy, the jib is lowered and the wire ropes are manually changed from the posture of suspending two ropes to the posture of suspending four wire ropes near the ground, taking more than half a day.

In order to improve the inefficiency of manual workability, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a hanging body supported by a jib and a hook block having a hanging hook fixed to the bottom thereof, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. A pulley is provided at the bottom of the connector, and a pair of pulleys are provided horizontally inside the hook block. After the hook block is hoisted and the connecting body is connected to the hanging body, when the hook block is hoisted down, the wire rope is automatically switched from the two-wire suspension to the four-wire suspension, while the connecting body is suspended. To provide a compound pulley mechanism for a crane that automatically switches from a posture in which four wire ropes are suspended to a posture in which two wire ropes are suspended when released from a body and stored in a hook block.

JP 2013-75406 A

However, when a crane is installed at a construction site for wind power generation, dam use, or the like, the weight varies from 30 to 150 tons compared to the weight of the suspended load of a building such as a conventional building, which is extremely heavy. Therefore, in the four-wire suspension posture of Patent Literature 1, the wire rope becomes thicker, thereby increasing the size of the reduction gear, the sheave, and the like, and increasing the weight. In addition, since the crane itself is also large, the conventional manual replacement of wire ropes is very time consuming, inefficient and dangerous.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its main purpose is to increase the number of suspended wire ropes while maintaining the basic concept of an automatic wire rope switching structure. To provide a crane capable of safely hoisting and lowering even a suspended load of

According to the present invention, a suspension body whose one side is supported by the jib top of a crane and whose other side has a connecting portion; and a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the cutout groove and can be connected to the connecting portion, and the hook block is hoisted and lowered by a wire rope wound around two top pulleys attached to the jib top. The connecting body has n (n is an integer of 2 or more) intermediate pulleys connected in the axial direction of the pulleys at the bottom, and a pair of upper pulleys are notched at the top in the hook block. Provided on both sides in the horizontal direction across the groove, n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the approximate center of the hook block in the vertical direction of the intermediate pulley, and the wire rope is wound up to connect the connecting body to the connecting part. After that, when the wire rope is lowered, the wire rope is hung on the intermediate pulley and becomes a 2×(n+1) hanging state, the wire rope is hoisted, the connected body is stored in the notch groove, and the wire rope is pulled down to the intermediate pulley. A crane is provided in which, when the connection is released in a state of being housed in a groove, the connecting body and the hook block are integrally lowered and switched to a two-hanging state.

With the crane according to the present invention, even a heavy suspended load can be hoisted and lowered by 2×(n+1) hooks. In addition, since the wire rope is always kept within the groove of the intermediate pulley, automatic switching can be performed safely and reliably.

Preferably, there is provided a crane in which the pair of upper pulleys are arranged at least approximately one pulley length apart.

Preferably, in the crane, the pair of upper pulleys are arranged with a distance such that one of them does not overlap the other in the axial direction.

Preferably, in said crane, a crane is provided, wherein the lower sheave is arranged in a central position between the n intermediate pulleys.

Preferably, in the crane, the wire rope wound around one top pulley passes through one upper pulley, is wound around an intermediate pulley on one side in the axial direction of the pulleys, and is wound around the lower pulley, A crane is provided that is wound around the other middle pulley, through the other upper pulley, and around the other top pulley.

According to another aspect of the present invention, one side is supported by the jib top of a crane, the other side has a connecting part, a suspension hook is attached to the lower part, and an upwardly opening notch groove is provided in the upper part. A hook block and a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the cutout groove and connected to the connecting portion are provided. The connected body has n (n is an integer of 2 or more) intermediate pulleys connected in the axial direction of the pulleys at the bottom, and a pair of upper pulleys are notched at the top in the hook block. Provided on both sides in the horizontal direction across the groove, n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the vertical direction of the intermediate pulley in the approximate center of the hook block, and a wire rope is hung from one of the top pulleys, A wiring method in which a hook block can be hoisted and lowered by passing a wire rope through a pair of upper pulleys and around the other top pulley, the process passing through the pair of upper pulleys. In step a, a wire lobe from one upper pulley is wound around one of the n intermediate pulleys in the axial direction of the intermediate pulley, and after step a, n−1 lower pulleys, or n− Step b in which one lower pulley is wound around one side in the axial direction of the lower pulley; and a step c in which the wire is wound around the middle pulley, and after performing the procedure of steps a to c at least once, the wire is routed through the other upper pulley.

According to the present invention, there is provided a crane capable of hoisting and lowering even heavier suspended loads by increasing the number of wire ropes suspended while maintaining the basic concept of an automatic wire rope switching structure. be able to.
In addition, since the wire rope is always housed in the groove of the intermediate pulley, the wire rope can be switched safely and reliably without mis-catching the wire rope during switching.

The figure which showed the two cranes suspended state. 2(a) is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 2(b) is a plan view seen from arrow Y in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2(c) is a plan view seen from arrow Z in FIG. The figure which showed the connection state of the connection body at the time of winding up the wire rope of FIG. The figure which showed the six hanging state of a crane. Fig. 5(a) is a front view and Fig. 5(b) is a side view of a connecting body. Fig. 6(a) is a front view and Fig. 6(b) is a side view of a hook block. FIG. 7(a) is a front view and FIG. 7(b) is a side view of a hanging body.

A preferred embodiment of the crane will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the following, for the sake of convenience, the crane will be described by exemplifying the case of incorporating it into a jib crane, but it can also be preferably incorporated into other cranes (overhead crane, bridge crane, derrick, etc.). Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and modifications can be made as appropriate without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1. Schematic Configuration of Crane Section 1 describes the schematic configuration of the crane 10 . FIG. 1 schematically shows a state in which two cranes 10 are suspended. Fig. 2(a) is a side view with the wire rope removed from the hook block and the connecting body in Fig. 1, Fig. 2(b) is a plan view seen from the arrow Y in Fig. 1, and Fig. 2(c) is Fig. 1 2A and 2B respectively show plan views as seen from the arrow Z of FIG.
The crane 10 hoistes or lowers the hook block 30 by "winding" or "unwinding" the wire rope 11 attached to a hoist (not shown) mounted on the swivel of the crane body. It is configured to form

As shown in FIG. 1, a wire rope 11 let out from a hoist is wound around one of a pair of top pulleys 13 rotatably provided on a jib top 12, and then suspended. , hook block 20, and is wound around the other top pulley 13 and fixed to the crane body (not shown).

That is, when the hoisting machine is driven while the hoisting machine is not driven, the wire rope 11 is "wound up" or "unrolled", whereby the hook block 20 vertically rises (hoisting) or descends (hoisting). lower).

Also, the jib top 12 of the crane 10 supports a hanging body 30 at a substantially central position between the pair of top pulleys 13, and the hanging body 30 is detachably stored above the hook block 20. By connecting the connecting body 40, the number of hanging hook blocks 20 can be automatically switched.

2. Configuration of Hanging Body 30 In Section 2, the hanging body 30 on which the connecting body 40 is hung will be described.
FIG. 7 shows the hanging body 30, FIG. 7(a) showing a front view and FIG. 7(b) showing a side view. As shown in FIG. 7, the suspension body 30 has a pair of plates 31 and a joint pin 32 (an example of joint means). Joint holes 34 to which pins 32 are joined are provided respectively.

As a result, each plate 31 is supported at a substantially central position between the pair of top pulleys 13 of the jib top 12 with a gap s into which the connector 40 can be inserted and removed, and the connector 40 is inserted into the gap s. By joining with the joining pin 32 later, the hanging body 30 and the connecting body 40 are joined together.

Further, at this time, in a front view, the lower portion of each plate 31 is formed in a tapered shape with an upward depression on the center line of the hanging body 30 . As a result, when the connecting body 40 is inserted into the hanging body 30 , it is guided by the tapered portion and accommodated in the gap s, so that the connecting body 40 can be reliably joined to the hanging body 30 .

In this embodiment, the joining pin 32 is provided as joining means, but the joining means is not limited to the joining pin 32, and may be fixed with bolts or other means.
Also, the connection between the connector and the connection pin 32 may be performed manually, or may be performed automatically as described below. For example, a pushing means such as a cylinder is provided on the opposite side of the joining pin 32 in the advancing direction, and the cylinder is operated based on a signal detected by a detection means (limit switch or the like) when the connecting body 40 is inserted into the hanging body 30. Thus, the joining may be automatically performed by remote control.

3. Configuration of Coupling Body 40 In Section 3, the coupling body 40 that is hung from the hanging body 30 or stored in the hook block 20 will be described.
FIG. 5 shows the connector 40, FIG. 5(a) showing a front view and FIG. 5(b) showing a side view. As shown in FIG. 5, the connecting body 40 includes a connecting portion 41, a pair of pulley support portions 42, and the like.

The connecting part 41 is formed in a plate shape, has a connecting hole 46 that can be connected to a joint pin through the upper part, and a detent pin 43 is fixed to the lower end. As a result, when the connecting body 40 is inserted into the notch groove of the hook block 20, which will be described later, the connecting body 40 can be maintained in a vertical posture without being rotated integrally.

Each pulley support portion 42 is formed in a plate shape, and as shown in FIG. Also, the width w is set to be longer than the width j of the notch groove 22 of the hook block 20 which will be described later. As a result, the movement of the connecting body 40 can be restricted by the plate 21 to be described later without the connecting body 40 coming off the notch groove 22 .

A guide pin 44 passing through each pulley support portion 42 is fitted to the lower portion of each pulley support portion 42 . , n (two in this embodiment) are continuously provided in the axial direction of the guide pin 44 . The guide pin 44 guides the connecting body 40 to the notch groove 22 of the hook block 20 so that the connecting body 40 can be reliably inserted into the hook block 20 .

The length of each of the anti-rotation pin 43 and the guide pin 44 is not particularly limited, but is equal to or longer than the distance between a pair of plates 21 of the hook block 20 described later, which fulfills the minimum functions, and the length of each pin is It does not matter if both ends project from the pair of plates 21 of the hook block 20 .

4. Configuration of Hook Block 20 Section 4 describes the hook block 20 in which the connecting body 40 can be stored.
FIG. 6 shows the hook block 20, FIG. 6(a) showing a front view and FIG. 6(b) showing a side view. As shown in FIG. 6, the hook block 20 is configured to store a plurality of pulleys within a pair of plates 21 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6(a), a pair of plates 21 has a substantially inverted triangular shape, and a notch groove 22 having a predetermined length in the vertical direction from the center of the upper end is are provided respectively.

Further, hook pins 23 are fitted to the lower part so as to pass through them, and hanging hooks 24 are fitted to the hook pins 23 .

A pair of upper pulley pins 25 pass through the respective plates 21 and are fitted on both sides in the horizontal direction with the notch groove 22 interposed therebetween. mated.

At this time, each of the upper pulleys 26 is provided with an interval between the pair of upper pulleys 26 so that at least one pulley can be accommodated therebetween in a front view, and as shown in FIG. In addition, the upper pulleys 26 are arranged at such a distance that one of them does not overlap the other in the axial direction when viewed from the side.

Further, a lower pulley pin 27 is fitted in the substantially central portion of the hook block 2 (between the notch groove 22 and the hook pin 23) so as to pass through the respective plates 21. The lower pulley pin 27 n−1 (in this embodiment, 1) lower pulleys 28 are fitted in the vertical direction of the intermediate pulleys, and as shown in FIG. It is fitted in the center between When n−1 is a plurality of pieces, n pieces (two in this embodiment) are continuously arranged in the axial direction of the lower pulley pin 27 .

In this way, when the connecting body 40 having the intermediate pulleys 45 is inserted into the notch groove 22 by the spacing between the pair of upper pulleys 26, the intermediate pulleys 45 do not interfere with the respective upper pulleys 26, and the insertion can be performed reliably. It becomes possible to

5. Wiring Wiring will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in the configurations described in Sections 1 to 4. FIG. 1, 3 and 4, for the sake of convenience, the right side in front view is called right, the left side is left, the front side is front, the back side is back, the top side is up, and the ground side is down. Define and explain.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the wire rope 11 let out from the hoist (not shown) is attached to the right top pulley of the pair of top pulleys 13 rotatably provided on the jib top 12 . 13, hung down, hooked on the right upper pulley 26 provided on the hook block 20 (see arrow I), sent horizontally, and then attached to the front middle provided on the connecting body 40. It is wound around the pulley 45 (see arrow II), then hangs down, is wound around the lower pulley 28 provided on the hook block 20 (see arrow III), is folded upward, and is wound around the intermediate pulley at the back. (see arrow IV), is sent horizontally, is wound around the left upper pulley 26, then folded back upward to be wound around the left top pulley 13, and is mounted on the revolving bed of the crane body. It is made to wrap around a machine (not shown).

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(c), the right upper pulley 26 and the front intermediate pulley 45 are configured to be on the same line in each radial direction. Similarly, the left upper pulley 26 and the rear intermediate pulley 45 are also configured to be on the same line in each radial direction.

Furthermore, the depth h of the notch groove 22 of the hook block 20 is such that when the intermediate pulley 45 of the connecting body 40 is accommodated in the lower part of the notch groove 22, the wire rope 11 does not reach the groove depth k of the intermediate pulley 45. It is provided so that it always fits in the lower part.

As a result, the wire rope 11 is always hung around the intermediate pulley 45 when switching the number of hook blocks 20 to be hooked, so that switching can be reliably and safely performed.
If the number of intermediate pulleys 45 and lower pulleys 28 is increased, the number of hook blocks 20 to be hooked can be increased by performing the procedures indicated by arrows II to IV a plurality of times.

That is, the number of lower pulleys 28 relative to the intermediate pulleys 45 is equal to the number of intermediate pulleys 45 -1, so if the number of intermediate pulleys 45 is 3, the number of lower pulleys 28 is 2. By performing the procedure twice, it becomes possible to switch from the 2-line suspension state to the 8-line suspension state.
In this way, the number of intermediate pulleys 45 is increased in the axial direction of the pin, and accordingly the number of lower pulleys 28 is also increased in the axial direction of the pin by the number of intermediate pulleys 45 -1, so that the hook block 20 is substantially inverted. The number of hooks can be increased by simply changing the length in the width direction without changing the triangular shape, and the parts can be modularized, improving customizability.

6. Switching Action Next, the switching action according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a state in which two ropes are suspended. During normal lifting work, the two ropes are suspended by the wire ropes 11. At this point, the connecting body 40 is fitted in the notch groove 22 of the hook block 20. inserted.

First, when the wire rope 11 is wound by the hoisting machine, the hook block 20 and the connecting body 40 are wound together, and the connecting portion 41 of the connecting body 40 enters the gap s of the hanging body 30. becomes. Upon entering, the joint pin 32 is inserted into the connecting hole 46 provided in the connecting portion 41, and the hanging body 30 and the connecting body 40 are firmly connected as shown in FIG.
When the wire rope 11 is let out by the hoisting machine in this state (the state in which the hanging body 30 and the connecting body 40 are connected), the intermediate pulley 45 of the connecting body 40 is engaged with the wire as shown in FIG. Only the hook block 20 is lowered while the rope 11 is wound thereon, resulting in a six-hanging state.
At this time, since the wire rope 11 is securely wound around each intermediate pulley 45 as described above, the wire rope 11 does not come off from the pulley and the wire rope 11 is caught on the pin. It is possible to switch from the main suspension state to the six-prong suspension state.

Next, the operation of returning from the six-wire suspension state to the two-wire suspension state will be described with reference to FIG.
First, when the wire rope 11 is wound by the hoisting machine, the hook block 20 is hoisted, and the guide pin 44 of the connecting body 40 fixed to the hanging body 30 is inserted into the notch groove 22 of the hook block 20. Invade by being induced. When it hits the lower part of the notch groove 22, winding by the hoisting machine stops, the connection by the connection pin 32 is released, and the hanging body 30 and the connecting body 40 can be separated.
At this time, the anti-rotation pin 43 of the connecting body 40 is stored in the notch groove 22 .
In this state (a state in which the hanging body 30 and the connecting body 40 can be separated), when the wire rope 11 is let out by the hoisting machine, the hook block 20 and the connecting body 40 are integrated as shown in FIG. , and it becomes a two-hanging state.
At this time, since the anti-rotation pin 43 is housed in the notch groove 22, the movement of the anti-rotation pin 43 in the rotational direction is restricted by the notch groove 22, and the connecting body 40 rotates about the guide pin 44 as a fulcrum. It will be in a state of being reliably stored in the notch groove 22 without any movement.

7. Conclusion As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to implement a crane that is used for construction work and that can switch the number of wire ropes to be hoisted and lowered according to the weight of the load to be hoisted. can.

Such a crane comprises a hanging body whose one end is supported by the jib top of the crane and whose other end is provided with a connecting portion, a hook block having a hanging hook attached to its lower portion and a notched groove opening upward at its upper portion, and a notch. a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the groove and can be connected to the connecting part, and the hook block is hoisted and unwound by a wire rope wound around two top pulleys attached to the jib top. A crane, wherein n intermediate pulleys (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) are connected in the lower part of the connecting body in the axial direction of the pulleys, and a pair of upper pulleys are notched grooves in the upper part of the hook block. are provided on both sides in the horizontal direction across the hook block, and n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the vertical direction of the intermediate pulley in the approximate center of the hook block, and the wire rope is wound up to connect the connecting body to the connecting part After that, when the wire rope is lowered, the wire rope is hooked to the intermediate pulley and becomes a 2×(n+1) hanging state, the wire rope is hoisted, the connected body is stored in the notch groove, and the wire rope is pulled into the groove of the intermediate pulley. When the connection is released in a state in which the hook block is accommodated inside, the connecting body and the hook block are integrally wound down and switched to a double-hanging state.

Moreover, it is possible to implement a wiring method that is used for construction work and can switch the number of wire ropes to be hoisted and lowered according to the weight of the suspended load.

Such a wiring method includes a hanging body whose one side is supported by the jib top of a crane and whose other side is provided with a connecting portion, a hook block having a hanging hook attached to the lower portion and a notched groove opening upward at the upper portion, and a cutting and a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the notched groove and can be connected to the connecting part, and the hook block is hoisted and unwound by a wire rope wound around two top pulleys attached to the jib top. , the connecting body has n (n is an integer of 2 or more) intermediate pulleys connected in the axial direction of the pulleys at the bottom, and a pair of upper pulleys horizontally across the notch groove in the upper part of the hook block. n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the vertical direction of the intermediate pulleys, and a wire rope is hung from one of the top pulleys, and a pair of upper pulleys are provided in the hook block. A wiring method that allows a hook block to be hoisted and lowered by passing a wire rope around the other top pulley, wherein in the process of passing through a pair of upper pulleys, one upper pulley A step a in which wire lobes from the pulleys are wound around one of the n intermediate pulleys in the axial direction of the intermediate pulleys, and after step a, n−1 lower pulleys or n−1 lower pulleys. of the lower pulley in the axial direction, and after step b, the other of the intermediate pulleys, or from one side in the axial direction of the intermediate pulley to the other side in the axial direction, to the next intermediate pulley. and step c of being turned, and after performing the procedure of step a-step c at least once, it is passed through the other upper pulley.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 crane 11 wire rope 12 jib top 13 top pulley 20 hook block 22 notch groove 24 hanging hook 26 upper pulley 28 lower pulley 30 hanging body 40 connecting body 41 connecting part 45 intermediate pulley

Claims (3)

a hanging body supported on the jib top of a crane on one side and having a connection on the other;
A hook block with a hanging hook attached at the bottom and a notch groove with an upward opening at the top,
a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the notch groove and can be connected to the connecting portion;
with
The hook block is a crane that is hoisted and lowered by a wire rope wound around two top pulleys attached to the jib top,
In the connecting body, n intermediate pulleys (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) are connected in the axial direction of the pulleys at the bottom,
A pair of upper pulleys are provided on both sides of the hook block in the horizontal direction across the cutout groove,
n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the vertical direction of the middle pulley at a substantially central portion in the hook block,
After winding up the wire rope and connecting the connecting body to the connecting part, when the wire rope is lowered, the wire rope is hooked on the intermediate pulley and becomes a 2 × (n + 1) hanging state, the wire rope is wound up, and the connecting body is When the connection is released with the wire rope housed in the notch groove and housed in the groove of the intermediate pulley, the connecting body and the hook block are wound down integrally and switched to a double hanging state,
A wire rope wound around one top pulley passes through one upper pulley, is wound around an intermediate pulley on one side in the axial direction of the pulleys, is wound around a lower pulley, and is wound around an intermediate pulley on the other side. It is in a state where it is hung and wrapped around the other top pulley via the other top pulley,
crane. A crane according to claim 1, wherein
The n-1 lower pulleys are arranged at the centers of the n-1 gaps between the n intermediate pulleys,
crane. a hanging body supported on the jib top of a crane on one side and having a connection on the other;
A hook block with a hanging hook attached at the bottom and a notch groove with an upward opening at the top,
a connecting body that can be inserted into and removed from the notch groove and can be connected to the connecting portion;
with
The hook block is hoisted and hoisted by a wire rope wound around two top pulleys attached to the jib top,
In the connecting body, n intermediate pulleys (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) are connected in the axial direction of the pulleys at the bottom,
A pair of upper pulleys are provided on both sides of the hook block in the horizontal direction across the cutout groove,
n-1 lower pulleys are provided in the vertical direction of the middle pulley at a substantially central portion in the hook block,
A wire rope hangs from one of the top pulleys, passes through each of the pair of top pulleys, and is wound around the other top pulley, thereby enabling the hook block to be hoisted and lowered. a method,
In the process of passing through the pair of upper pulleys,
a step a in which a wire lobe is wound from one upper pulley to one side of the n intermediate pulleys in the axial direction;
After step a, a step b in which the n−1 lower pulleys or one of the n−1 lower pulleys in the axial direction is wound around the lower pulleys;
After step b, a step c in which the intermediate pulley is wound around the other of the intermediate pulleys, or from one side of the intermediate pulley in the axial direction to the other side in the next intermediate pulley;
including
After performing the steps a to c at least once,
A wiring method that passes through the other upper pulley.

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