JP7221050B2 - Plrg1(pleiotropic regulator 1)抑制剤を含む癌治療用組成物 - Google Patents
Plrg1(pleiotropic regulator 1)抑制剤を含む癌治療用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
遺伝子の発現を測定するために用いたRT-PCR及びreal-time PCRプライマーは次の通りである。
[RT-PCR]
PLRG1 forward primer:ACCGTCCAC AGCCTACAGCGA(配列番号1)
PLRG1 reverse primer:ACTATCACGCCCCGCACAGT(配列番号2)
GAPDH forward primer:GTCAGTGGTGGACCTGACCT(配列番号3)
GAPDH reverse primer:TGCTGTAGCCAAATTCGTTG(配列番号4)
β-actin forward primer:GGACTTCGAGCAAGAGATGG(配列番号5)
β-actin reverse primer:AGCACTGTGTTGGCGTACAG(配列番号6)
[Real-time PCR]
PLRG1 forward primer:CTTAAAGAGAAGGGTCCTCAG(配列番号7)
PLRG1 reverse primer:GGTCCTGGTGGGTATGGATGT(配列番号8)
β-actin forward primer:GCACCACACCTTCTACAATGA(配列番号9)
β-actin reverse primer:TAGCACAGCCTGGATAGCAAC(配列番号10)
siPLRG1#1:uccggucauaaugcuauuauu(配列番号11)
siPLRG1#2:agccaugauacuacaauucga(配列番号12)
siPLRG1#3:cgaggagguacagaaacauucugua(配列番号13)
siPLRG1#4:aaagagaaggguccucagaaugcaa(配列番号14)
siPLRG1#5:cagaacuauaaagaucugggacuug(配列番号15)
siPLRG1#6:uccagucagcuggaaaccagaaauu(配列番号16)
siPLRG1#7:cccaugacauguuuguagcugauaa(配列番号17)
siPLRG1#8:ccaagaacucugcacugauggcuaa(配列番号18)
siPLRG1#9:accguggaaacucuacaggguuauc(配列番号19)
siPLRG1#10:aagcugauaaaaccauuaaaguaua(配列番号20)
shPLRG1#1:CCATGATACTACAATTCGATT(配列番号21)
shPLRG1#2:GACTTGGCTAGTGGCAAATTA(配列番号22)
ATCCから購入したヒト肝癌細胞株であるHuh7とSNU475細胞は10%FBS(fetal bovine serum)を含有するRPMI培地で培養した。他のヒト肝癌細胞株であるHep3BとHepG2細胞は10%FBSを含有するMEM培地で培養した。正常細胞であるHDF、IMR90、WI38、BJ及びBJ-T細胞は10%FBSを含有するDMEM培地で培養した。Lonzaから購入したヒト間葉系幹細胞(human mesenchymal stem cell)はMSCGM(human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth BulletKitTM Medium)で培養した。
Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kitを用いてRNAを抽出し、RNA濃度はND-1000 spectrophotometer(NanoDrop Technologies, Inc. Wilmington, DE, USA)を用いて測定した。また、iScriptTM cDNA Synthesis Kitを用いて(Biorad)cDNA(complementary DNA)を合成し、Maxime PCR PreMix kit(Intron Biotechnology)を用いてRT-PCR(reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction)を行った。
肝癌患者組織及びその周囲組織から溶解緩衝液(lysis buffer)を用いてタンパク質を抽出し、PLRG1(pleiotropic regulator 1)抗体(SIGMA)とGAPDH抗体(Santacruz)を用いてウェスタンブロットによりタンパク質発現量を測定した。各細胞株に対しても前記と同様にウェスタンブロットを行った。対照群としてβ-actin抗体(Santacruz)を用いた。
本発明者らは、PLRG1発現を抑制するための抑制剤として、代表的にはPLRG1に対するsiRNAを用いた。よって、siPLRG1#1~siPLRG#10はQiagenから購入し、Control-siRNAはMbiotechから購入して用いた。各細胞を60mm培養皿に接種し、その後Control-siRNAと2種類のPLRG1-siRNAをそれぞれ導入した。24時間後に1,000個の細胞を計算して再び接種し、10日経過後にクリスタルバイオレット(crystal violet)で細胞を染色した。染色されたコロニーを計算して単一クローン成長を定量化した。
各細胞を24ウェル培養皿に接種し、その後Control-siRNAと2種類のPLRG1-siRNAをそれぞれ導入した。5日経過後にクリスタルバイオレットで細胞を染色し、氷酢酸で溶解してO.D595nmで吸光度を測定した。各実験は3回繰り返し実験を行った。Huh7細胞株は24、48、72、96、120時間後に細胞成長を測定した。
各細胞を60mm培養皿に接種し、その後Control-siRNAとPLRG1-siRNAでそれぞれ処理した。72時間後に細胞を全て回収し、Annexin V-FITCを添加して15分間染色し、フローサイトメトリーを用いてアポトーシスの程度を測定した。
非腫瘍性の周囲肝組織と肝癌組織に存在するPLRG1のmRNA量をそれぞれRT-PCR法により測定した結果、非腫瘍性の周囲肝組織と比較して、肝癌組織においてPLRG1のmRNAが過剰発現していることを確認した(図1)。ウェスタンブロット法によりタンパク質量を測定した場合も、肝癌組織においてPLRG1の発現が大きく増加していた(図1のA)。
実験例1の結果から、PLRG1が癌成長などの癌の進行(progression)に関与するものと推定され、それを確認するためにPLRG1発現を抑制した場合に癌細胞の単一クローン成長に及ぼす影響を測定した。
PLRG1発現抑制が正常細胞株の成長にも影響を及ぼすか否かを確認するために、PLRG1-siRNAで処理し、その後癌細胞株と正常細胞株の成長を測定、比較した。クリスタルバイオレット(crystal violet)染色法で細胞成長を測定した結果、癌細胞株であるHuh7の場合、コロニー形成実験で示したように、PLRG1発現抑制により細胞成長が起こらず(図3のA)、むしろ減少した(図3のB)。しかし、実験に用いたHDF、IMR90、WI38及びBJ正常細胞株の場合、Control-siRNAで処理した対照群と比較して、PLRG1発現抑制による細胞成長減少現象が観察されなかった(図3のA,p>0.05)。前記結果から、PLRG1発現減少による細胞成長抑制は癌細胞特異的なものであることが分かる。
実験例2で確認したPLRG1発現抑制による細胞成長抑制が細胞死(cell death)に関連するか否かを確認するために、アポトーシスマーカー(apoptosis marker)であるAnnexin-Vで染色した細胞を測定した。Huh7とSNU475癌細胞株の場合、Control-siRNAで処理した細胞株と比較して、PLRG1-siRNAで処理するとAnnexin V染色強度が大きく増加したが、正常細胞株であるBJ細胞の場合、対照群との差はなかった(図4のA及びB)。
PLRG1は癌細胞又は組織において過剰発現し、発現を抑制すると正常細胞には影響がなく、癌細胞特異的にアポトーシスを誘導することから、PLRG1が癌細胞に特異的に必要な成長因子であることが分かる。このような結果を補強するために、細胞分裂が速い間葉系幹細胞を用いてPLRG1の影響を測定した。
PLRG1抑制による抗癌効果をより明確に確認するために、さらにPLRG1遺伝子を標的とする10種のsiRNAを異なる配列で作製した(図8a)。また、各siRNAをHuh7とSNU475に形質転換して細胞成長及びPLRG1発現に及ぼす影響を測定した。
前記PLRG1抑制による癌細胞アポトーシス現象が肝癌などの特定癌に限定されるものであるか、そうでなければ由来組織に関係なくあらゆる癌細胞に汎用的に適用される現象であるかを確認するために様々な癌細胞株を用いてさらに実験を行った。
PLRG1欠乏による癌細胞成長抑制現象をさらに明確に解明するために、本発明者らは、IPTG-誘導(inducible)sh-PLRG1によるPLRG1発現調節システムを作製した。ヒトPLRG1(NM_002669)に対するshRNAを導入したConstitutiveレンチベクターをシグマから購入した(図10のA)。Constitutiveレンチベクターシステムで検証されたshPLRG1#1とshPLRG1#2の塩基配列をinducibleレンチベクターシステムに導入するためにオリゴを合成した。shPLRG1#1とshPLRG1#2を対象にプライマーをアニーリングし、その後合成されたPCR産物をKpnI-EcoRIで切断してLKO-3X Inducubleベクターにクローニングした。オリゴのシーケンス情報は次の通りである。
shPLRG1#1-F(KpnI):CgaGgtaCCGGCCATGATACTACAATTCGATTCTCGAGAATCGAATTGTAGTATCATGGTTTTTagaattcCG(配列番号23)
shPLRG1#1-R(EcoRI):CGgaattctAAAAACCATGATACTACAATTCGATTCTCGAGAATCGAATTGTAGTATCATGGCCGGtacCtcg(配列番号24)
shPLRG1#2-F(KpnI):CgaGgtaCCGGGACTTGGCTAGTGGCAAATTACTCGAGTAATTTGCCACTAGCCAAGTCTTTTTTGaattcCG(配列番号25)
shPLRG1#2-R(EcoRI):CGgaattCAAAAAAGACTTGGCTAGTGGCAAATTACTCGAGTAATTTGCCACTAGCCAAGTCCCGGtacCtcg(配列番号26)
IPTG-inducible sh-PLRG1#1又は#2を導入したHuh7細胞(各3×106個)をそれぞれヌードマウスの右大腿部に注入し、sh-対照群ベクターを導入したHuh7細胞をヌードマウスの左大腿部に注入した。次に、前記マウスにIPTGを含有する水又はIPTGを含有しない水を供給して27日間飼育し、その後各マウスにおける腫瘍形成の有無を確認した。
Claims (8)
- PLRG1(pleiotropic regulator 1)抑制剤を有効成分として含む、癌の予防又は治療用薬学組成物であって、
前記PLRG1抑制剤は、PLRG1mRNAに特異的なアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、shRNA又はsiRNAである、
組成物。 - 前記siRNAは、配列番号11~配列番号20のいずれかのオリゴヌクレオチド及びその相補的な配列を有するオリゴヌクレオチドの二重鎖からなる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記shRNAは、配列番号21又は22のオリゴヌクレオチド配列を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記癌の予防又は治療は、癌細胞特異的アポトーシス(apoptosis)、細胞死(cell death)、又は細胞増殖抑制により達成される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記癌は、脳腫瘍、頭頸部癌、肺癌、乳癌、骨癌、胸腺腫、中皮腫、食道癌、膵癌、大腸癌、肝癌、胃癌、膵臓癌、胆道癌、膀胱癌、前立腺癌、睾丸癌、卵巣癌、子宮頸癌、子宮内膜癌、リンパ腫、急性白血病、慢性白血病、多発性骨髄腫、肉腫、悪性黒色腫及び皮膚癌である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- (a)対照群である癌が発病した実験動物の試料のPLRG1(pleiotropic regulator 1)発現レベル又は活性を測定するステップと、
(b)前記実験動物の癌を治療できるものと予想される候補物質を投与するステップと、
(c)実験群である前記候補物質が投与された実験動物の試料のPLRG1発現レベル又は活性を測定するステップと、
(d)対照群で測定されたPLRG1発現レベル又は活性を実験群で測定されたものと比較し、対照群で測定されたものよりも実験群で測定されたもののほうが低いレベルであれば癌の発病を防止する予防用製剤又は癌を治療する治療用製剤として前記候補物質を用いることができるものと判定するステップとを含む、
癌の予防又は治療用製剤のスクリーニング方法。 - (a)PLRG1(pleiotropic regulator 1)を発現する分離された癌細胞を癌治療候補物質で処理するステップと、
(b)前記候補物質で処理された分離された癌細胞のPLRG1発現レベル又は活性を測定するステップと、
(c)前記(b)ステップで測定されたPLRG1発現レベル又は活性が候補物質で処理されていない分離された癌細胞に比べて低いレベルであれば癌の発病を防止する予防用製剤又は癌を治療する治療用製剤として前記候補物質を用いることができるものと判定するステップとを含む、
癌の予防又は治療用製剤のスクリーニング方法。 - PLRG1(pleiotropic regulator 1)遺伝子配列に基づいてPLRG1の発現を抑制する抗癌候補物質を設計するステップを含み、発現を抑制する抗癌候補物質の設計は、PLRG1の転写又は翻訳レベルの測定による、癌の予防又は治療用製剤候補物質の探索方法。
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