JP7204324B2 - 異方性フォームの繊維強化 - Google Patents
異方性フォームの繊維強化 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7204324B2 JP7204324B2 JP2017533963A JP2017533963A JP7204324B2 JP 7204324 B2 JP7204324 B2 JP 7204324B2 JP 2017533963 A JP2017533963 A JP 2017533963A JP 2017533963 A JP2017533963 A JP 2017533963A JP 7204324 B2 JP7204324 B2 JP 7204324B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- fibers
- molding
- foam
- extruded foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 314
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 257
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 149
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC2=C1 OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000110 poly(aryl ether sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 73
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 59
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 9
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000009755 vacuum infusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002863 poly(1,4-phenylene oxide) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLFNXLXEGXRUOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFNXLXEGXRUOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical class C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=C1 HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004727 Noryl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001207 Noryl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006864 PPE/PS Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006329 Styropor Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical class C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005007 epoxy-phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
- B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/35—Component parts; Details or accessories
- B29C44/352—Means for giving the foam different characteristics in different directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/50—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying
- B29C44/505—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying extruding the compound through a flat die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
- B29C44/569—Shaping and joining components with different densities or hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/62—Stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
- B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/127—Mixtures of organic and inorganic blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/142—Compounds containing oxygen but no halogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/149—Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
- B29K2025/06—PS, i.e. polystyrene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
- B29K2105/046—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous with closed cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
- B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
- B32B2266/0228—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0264—Polyester
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0292—Thermoplastic elastomer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/542—Shear strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/58—Cuttability
- B32B2307/581—Resistant to cut
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/706—Anisotropic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/72—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2603/00—Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/024—Preparation or use of a blowing agent concentrate, i.e. masterbatch in a foamable composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/12—Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/20—Ternary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/202—Ternary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/16—Biodegradable polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/10—Copolymers of styrene with conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles
- C08J2333/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2335/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2335/06—Copolymers with vinyl aromatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2371/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2371/12—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2381/04—Polysulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2381/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2471/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2471/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2471/12—Polyphenylene oxides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されており、
繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されている、成型品によって達成される。
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、発泡フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た発泡フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように発泡フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されている、成型品をさらに提供する。
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されている(または作製することができ、もしくは作製された)。
i) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物が、少なくとも1種の添加剤を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程II)中にポリマー溶融物に添加され、および/もしくは工程II)と工程III)との間に発泡性ポリマー溶融物に添加され、ならびに/または
iii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程III)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、および/もしくは工程IV)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、ならびに/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S2)が、工程IV)の最中および/もしくは直後に押出フォームに装着され、ならびに/または
v) 次のプロセス工程、すなわち、
V) 工程IV)において得られた押出フォームの材料除去処理
が、工程IV)後に実施される
ことが、好ましい。
i) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、異方性であり、および/または
ii) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最小寸法(c方向)に対する最大寸法(a方向)の比が、1.05、好ましくは1.1から10までの範囲、特に好ましくは1.2から5までの範囲であり、および/または
iii) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最小寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.5mm未満、好ましくは0.2mm未満であり、および/または
iv) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性であり、および/または
v) セルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%が、セルの最大寸法(a方向)に基づいて成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して≦45°、好ましくは≦30°、より好ましくは≦5°の角度γで整列されており、および/または
vi) 押出フォームが、少なくとも80%、好ましくは少なくとも95%、より好ましくは少なくとも98%の独立セル含量を有し、および/または
vii) 繊維(F)が、押出フォームのセルの少なくとも50%、好ましくは少なくとも80%、より好ましくは少なくとも90%の最大寸法(a方向)に対して≦60°、好ましくは≦50°の角度εをなしている、
本発明の成型品も同様に好ましい。
ii) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の弾性率、好ましくはすべての弾性率が、異方性材料、好ましくは直交異方性もしくは横等方性材料のように振る舞い、および/または
iii) 長さ(x方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比および/または幅(y方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比が、≧1.1、好ましくは≧1.5、特に好ましくは2から10の間である、
本発明の成型品が、さらに好ましい。
i) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、好ましくはスロットもしくは穴であり、より好ましくは押出方法の工程IV)の実施後に成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面上に作製された、少なくとも1個の凹みを有し、および/または
ii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、好ましくはスロットもしくは穴であり、より好ましくは押出方法の工程V)の実施後に成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面上に作製された、少なくとも1個の凹みを有する。
i) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、第1の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、好ましくは完全に接触しており、および/または
ii) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、好ましくは完全に接触しており、および/または
iii) パネルが、成型品の少なくとも1つの面と少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に、好ましくは二次元的な繊維材料もしくはポリマーフィルム、より好ましくはガラス繊維もしくは炭素繊維から構成された、ウェブ、スクリムもしくは織り組織の形態の少なくとも1つの層(S2)を有し、および/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルの成型品の押出フォームが、≦2000g/m2、好ましくは≦1000g/m2、より好ましくは≦500g/m2、最も好ましくは≦100g/m2の表面吸樹脂量を有し、および/または
v) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルが、≧200J/m2、好ましくは≧500J/m2、より好ましくは≧2000J/m2のはく離抵抗性を有する、
パネルも同様に好ましい。
i) 繊維材が、スクリムもしくは織り組織1つ当たり150g/m2から2500g/m2までの基本質量を有する、チョップドファイバー、ウェブ、スクリム、編み物および/もしくは織り組織からできた1つもしくは複数の薄層の形態、好ましくはスクリムもしくは織り組織の形態、より好ましくはスクリムもしくは織り組織の形態の繊維を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維材が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維、好ましくはポリマー繊維、玄武岩繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維もしくは天然繊維、より好ましくはガラス繊維もしくは炭素繊維のうちの繊維を含む。
a) 任意に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在する、工程、
c) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
d) 押出フォームの第1の面から穴の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで針を通り抜けさせ、針に任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせる工程、
e) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程および
f) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程
によって実施することが好ましく、
工程b)と工程d)とを同時に実施することがより好ましい。
a) 任意に、層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
c) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在し、穴が、針に押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせることによって作製される、工程
d) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程、
e) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程、
f) 任意に、第2の面上の繊維(F)を切り取る工程および
g) 任意に、針に付いて形成された繊維(F)のループを切開する工程
を含んでもよい。
i) 構造体の1つだけの面上への流動助剤の使用および/または
ii) 構造体の両面上への流動助剤の使用および/または
iii) 半透膜を有する構造体(VAP構造体);半透膜は好ましくは、成型品の全領域にわたって覆いかぶせられており、半透膜を覆いかぶせた成形品の1つの面または両面上には、流動助剤、分離フィルムおよびはく離織布が使用されているが、真空封止テープを使って半透膜により成型品の表面を封止し、吸収フリースを、成型品から遠くにある方の半透膜の面上に取り付けており、この結果、空気が、全領域にわたって上方に排気されるようになっている、および/または
iv) ゲートに対向している成型品の面に位置決めされ、この結果、空気が反対側の面からゲートに排気されるようになることが好ましいメンブレンフィルムから製造された、真空ポケットの使用。
a) フォームの作製
すべての本発明の実験において、様々な押出フォーム(例IF1からIF6)を使用している。比較のために、ポリマーフォームを、粒子を発泡させる型のプロセスによって作製した(比較例CF7およびCF8)。表1は、使用されたフォームおよびこれらのフォームの特徴的な性質の概要を提供している。個別のフォームを下記のように作製した後、強化のために20mmに切り詰める。
本発明のフォームスラブが、タンデム型押出システム内で作製される。100部のポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)を難燃剤および添加剤(0.2部のタルク)と一緒に、溶融押出機に継続的に供給する。難燃剤および添加剤は、ポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)に取り込まれたマスターバッチの形態である。溶融押出機(ZSK120)に組み込まれた注入口を介して、発泡剤(CO2、エタノール、i-ブタン)を継続的に送り込む。発泡剤を含む総処理能力は、750kg/hである。発泡剤を含有する溶融物を、下流側の冷却押出機(KE400)内で冷却し、スロットダイの中を通るように押出する。発泡している溶融物を、表面がTeflonによって被覆されている加熱された較正器により、コンベヤベルトを用いて相異なる引取り速度で引き取り、スラブに形成する。機械的加工前の一般的なスラブ寸法は、概ね幅700mm(y方向)および厚さ50mm(z方向)である。
IF1と同様に、フォームスラブが、タンデム型押出システム内で作製される。25部のPPEおよび75部のPSからなる総体としての配合物を作製するために、溶融押出機(ZSK120)に、ポリフェニレンエーテルマスターバッチ(PPE/PSマスターバッチ、Noryl C6850、Sabic)およびポリスチレン(PS148H、BASF)を継続的に供給する。さらに、タルク(0.2部)等の添加剤をPSマスターバッチ(PS148H、BASF)として、取入れ口を介して計量供給する。発泡剤(CO2、エタノールおよびi-ブタン)を、加圧下で注入口に注入する。発泡剤および添加剤を含む総処理能力は、750kg/hである。発泡剤を含有する溶融物を、下流側の冷却押出機(ZE400)内で冷却し、スロットダイの中を通るように押出する。発泡している溶融物を、表面がTeflonによって被覆されている加熱された較正器により、コンベヤベルトを用いて引き取り、スラブに形成する。機械的加工前の一般的なスラブ寸法は、概ね幅800mm(y方向)および厚さ60mm(z方向)である。
IF1と同様に、同じタンデム型押出システムを、同じ処理能力を用いて使用する。使用されるポリマーは、50部のスチレン-無水マレイン酸ポリマー(SMA)(Xiran SZ26080、Polyscope)および50部のスチレン-アクリロニトリルポリマー(SAN)(VLL25080、BASF)の配合物である。さらに、核形成剤(0.2部のタルク)および安定剤(0.2部のTinuvin234)を添加する。使用される発泡剤は、CO2、アセトンおよびi-ブタンである。
ポリエステルフォームを、押出システム内で多口ダイの中を通るように発泡押出する。熱可塑性ポリマー(脱水PETビーズ)を、二軸押出機(スクリュー直径=132mm、直径に対する長さの比=24)の溶融区域において溶融させ、核形成剤と混合する。溶融後、シクロペンタンを発泡剤として添加する。総処理能力は、約150kg/hである。発泡剤の添加直後に、均一な溶融物を下流側ハウジングおよび静的ミキサーによって冷却する。溶融物は、多口ダイに到達する前に、溶融物用フィルターを通り抜けなければならない。膨張性溶融物を、多口ダイによって発泡させ、個々のストランドを、較正装置によって合わせて一塊にする。続いて、押出されたスラブに、一定の幾何学的外形になるような材料除去によって仕上げ加工を施し、押出方向に対して平行な熱溶接によって一体化する。フォームの平均密度は、60kg/m3である。
使用されるフォームは、ポリエステル主体型成型フォームである。膨張性ビーズおよびフォームスラブを、WO2012/020112、例7と同様に作製する。
使用されるフォームは、粒子を発泡させる型の機械装置内でフォームスラブとして作製されたポリスチレン主体型成型フォームであり、後で、ノコギリで切断してスラブにする(原材料の主成分:Styropor P326、BASF)。
フォームの特性を次のように測定する。
すべてのフォームは、ガラス繊維によって強化される。成型品は、次のように作製され、成型品の特性は、表2に示されている。実験に応じて、手に乗せられる供試材から、より大きな試料に至るまでが、作製される。
フォームIF1を、ガラス繊維(ロービング、S2ガラス、406tex、AGY)によって強化する。ロービングの形態のガラス繊維を、0°の角度αで導入する。ガラス繊維は、a1=a2=12mmの等距離になるように、規則的な長方形パターンで導入されている。後で外側プライとして導入されるガラス繊維マットへの固着を改良するために、両面上には、約5.5mmのガラス繊維が余剰部分として、外側プライにさらに残されている。繊維または繊維ロービングは、針とかぎとを併用する型のプロセスによって自動的に導入される。最初に、かぎ針(約0.80mmの直径)を、第1の面から押出フォームの第2の面まで完全に貫入するように使用する。第2の面上には、ロービングをかぎ針のかぎにつなぎとめ、次いで、針によって第2の面から押出フォームの第1の面まで引っ張り戻す。最後に、第2の面上のロービングを切り取り、針に付いて形成されたロービングのループを切開する。この結果、かぎ針は、次の操作に使える状態になる。
フォームIF1を、ガラス繊維(ロービング、S2ガラス、406tex、AGY)によってCM1と同様に強化する。ロービングの形態のガラス繊維を、90°の角度βで相異なる異なる4つの空間的方向に向かって、45°の角度αで導入する。
フォームIF2をCM1と同様に強化するが、角度εのみは、異なる。
フォームIF3をCM1と同様に強化する。
フォームIF4をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームIF4をIM2と同様に強化する。強化前に、スロットの付いているスラブを、丸ノコギリを使った材料除去処理によって作製する。長手方向および横方向のスロットの間隔は、30mmである。スロットは、2mmのスロット幅および19mmのスロット深さ(20mmのスラブ厚さ)を有するスラブの1つの面上にのみ導入されている。
IM7の作製は、IM6と同様である。スロットの導入に加えて、テキスタイル裏当て用のテキスタイル(キャンバス地、50g/m2、熱可塑性バインダー含有のEガラス)も、熱的手段によってスロットの付いていない面上に装着する。
フォームIF4を、IM5と同様に強化する。相違点は、異なるかぎ針(直径約1.12mm)およびより厚いロービング(Eガラス、SE1500、900tex、3B)が使用されることである。
フォームIF4を、かえし付きのかぎ針によって強化する。この目的のために、30mmの長さを有するロービング(Eガラス)から構成されたチョップドグラスファイバーを、フォームの全領域にわたって施用した後、いくつかのかえし付きのかぎ針を有する針棒とつながった針によって押し込み、フォーム中に差し入れる。針を引き出した後には、繊維の大部分がフォーム中に残留しているが、表面の過剰な繊維を吸引によって除去する。この工程を、すべての所望の方向に向けて繰り返す。相異なる方向の繊維の比率は、事実上同一である。
フォームIF5をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームIF6をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームCF7をIM2と同様に強化する。
フォームCF8をIM2と同様に強化する。
- ドレープ性:成型品のドレープ性は、定性的に測定される。この目的のために、成型品を、2mの曲率半径を有する湾曲した型上に配置する。型の曲率への適合および材料の損失または成型品の欠陥の回避を査定する。
続いて、成型品を使用して、節a)(吸樹脂量の測定)において上述したように真空インフュージョン(VI)により繊維強化外側プライを装着することによって、パネルを作製する。しかしながら、フォームではなく成型品を使用しており、吸樹脂量の測定とは著しく異なり、成型品とガラスロービングとの間に分離フィルムがさらに導入されることはない。
- せん断剛性および安定性:せん断特性は、DIN53294に従って、23℃および50%の相対湿度(1982年2月版)で測定される。
(好ましい繊維角度の例示用のパネルの設計、理論的な判定)
押出フォームIF4を含む成型品の機械的特性を、理論的に判定した。使用された繊維(F)は、ガラス繊維(ロービング、Eガラス、900tex、3B)だった。繊維(F)が導入されたと想定した角度αは、0°から80°までの範囲だった。>0°の角度αにおいて、繊維(F)は、互いに対して角度β(0°、90°、180°、270°)で異なる4つの空間的方向に向かっていると想定した。規則的な長方形パターンがa=16mmの等距離を有し、0°の角度αにおいては、1m2当たり15625本のガラス繊維要素があると想定した。
Claims (16)
- 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している、押出フォームから製造された成型品であって、押出フォームが、
I) ポリマー溶融物を押出機内に供給する工程、
II) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物に少なくとも1種の発泡剤を導入して、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を得る工程、
III) 工程II)において得られた発泡性ポリマー溶融物を、発泡性ポリマー溶融物を膨張させながら、少なくとも1個のダイ開口部の中を通ってより低い圧力の領域に入るように押出機から押出して、膨張フォームを得る工程および
IV) 工程III)から得た膨張フォームを、整形工具の中を通るように膨張フォームを誘導することによって較正して、押出フォームを得る工程
を含む、押出方法によって作製されており、
繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されており、2本以上の繊維(F)が、成型品中で互いに対して角度βをなしており、角度βが、β=360°/nとして定義され、ここで、nは2~6の範囲の整数であり、
押出フォームが、セルを含み、
繊維(F)が、押出フォームのセルの少なくとも50%の最大寸法(a方向)に対して≦60°の角度εをなしている、ことを特徴とする成型品。 - i) 工程I)において供給されたポリマー溶融物が、少なくとも1種の添加剤を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程II)中にポリマー溶融物に添加され、および/もしくは工程II)と工程III)との間に発泡性ポリマー溶融物に添加され、ならびに/または
iii) 少なくとも1種の添加剤が、工程III)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、および/もしくは工程IV)中に膨張フォームに加えられ、ならびに/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S2)が、工程IV)の最中および/もしくは直後に押出フォームに装着され、ならびに/または
v) 次のプロセス工程、すなわち、
V) 工程IV)において得られた押出フォームの材料除去処理
が、工程IV)後に実施される、
請求項1に記載の成型品。 - 押出フォームが、ポリスチレン、ポリエステル、ポリフェニレンオキシド、フェニレンオキシドから製造されるコポリマー、スチレンから製造されるコポリマー、ポリアリールエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリアリールエーテルケトン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリカルボネート、ポリアクリレート、ポリ乳酸、ポリビニルクロリドまたはこれらの混合物から選択される少なくとも1種のポリマーを主体としている、請求項1または2に記載の成型品。
- 押出フォームが、セルを含み、
i) セルの少なくとも50%が、異方性であり、および/または
ii) セルの少なくとも50%の最小寸法(c方向)に対する最大寸法(a方向)の比が、≧1.05の範囲であり、および/または
iii) セルの少なくとも50%の最小寸法(c方向)の平均サイズが、0.01mmから1mmまでの範囲であり、および/または
iv) セルの少なくとも50%が、直交異方性もしくは横等方性であり、および/または
v) セルの少なくとも50%が、セルの最大寸法(a方向)に基づいて成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して≦45°の角度γで整列されており、および/または
vi) 押出フォームが、少なくとも80%の独立セル含量を有している、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の機械的特性が、異方性であり、ならびに/または
ii) 押出フォームの少なくとも1種の弾性率が、異方性材料のように振る舞い、ならびに/または
iii) 長さ(x方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比および/または幅(y方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さに対する厚さ(z方向)の押出フォームの圧縮強さの比が、≧1.1である、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 押出フォームが、4mmから200mmまでの範囲の厚さ(z方向)、少なくとも200mmの長さ(x方向)および少なくとも200mmの幅(y方向)を有し、ならびに/または
ii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、少なくとも1個の凹みを有し、ならびに/または
iii) 成型品の少なくとも1つの面の表面が、少なくとも1個の凹みを有する、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の成型品。 - i) 繊維(F)が、単繊維もしくは繊維束であり、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維(F)が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維またはこれらの組合せであり、ならびに/または
iii) 繊維(F)が、1束当たり少なくとも10本の数の単繊維を有する繊維束の形態で使用され、ならびに/または
iv) 繊維領域(FB1)および繊維領域(FB3)がそれぞれ独立に、繊維(F)の全長の1%から45%までを占め、繊維領域(FB2)が、10%から98%までを占め、ならびに/または
v) 繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して30°から60°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されており、ならびに/または
vi) 成型品において、そこから繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が突出している成型品の第1の面が、そこから繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が突出している成型品の第2の面に対向しており、ならびに/または
vii) 成型品が、多数の繊維(F)を含み、および/もしくは1m2当たり10本より多い繊維(F)または繊維束を含む、
請求項1から6に記載の成型品。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1つの成型品および少なくとも1つの層(S1)を含む、パネル。
- 層(S1)が、少なくとも1種の樹脂を含む、請求項8に記載のパネル。
- 層(S1)が、少なくとも1種の繊維材をさらに含み、
i) 繊維材が、チョップドファイバー、ウェブ、スクリム、編み物および/もしくは織り組織からできた1つまたは複数の薄層の形態の繊維を含み、ならびに/または
ii) 繊維材が、有機繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維もしくはセラミック繊維を含む、
請求項8または9に記載のパネル。 - パネルが、2つの層(S1)を有し、2つの層(S1)がそれぞれ、成型品の他方の面に対向する、成型品の一面上に取り付けられている、請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。
- i) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、第1の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、および/または
ii) 繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、第2の層(S1)と部分的もしくは完全に接触しており、および/または
iii) パネルが、成型品の少なくとも1つの面と少なくとも1つの層(S1)との間に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を有し、および/または
iv) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルの成型品の押出フォームが、≦2000g/m2の表面吸樹脂量を有し、および/または
v) 少なくとも1つの層(S1)が、樹脂を含み、パネルが、≧200J/m2のはく離抵抗性を有する、
請求項8から11のいずれか一項に記載のパネル。 - 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を部分的に押出フォーム中に導入することを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品を作製するための方法であって、この部分的な導入の結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出しており、この結果、繊維(F)が、成型品の厚さ方向(d)に対して10°から70°までの角度αで押出フォーム中に導入されている、方法。
- 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)が部分的に、針を使用して少なくとも1本の繊維(F)縫い付けることによって押出フォーム中に導入され、
この部分的な導入を、
a) 任意に、少なくとも1つの層(S2)を押出フォームの少なくとも1つの面に装着する工程、
b) 押出フォームおよび任意の層(S2)中の繊維(F)1本当たり1個の穴を作製する工程であって、穴が第1の面から任意の層(S2)の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで延在する、工程、
c) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上に供給する工程、
d) 押出フォームの第1の面から穴の中を通って押出フォームの第2の面まで針を通り抜けさせ、針に任意の層(S2)を通り抜けさせる工程、
e) 少なくとも1本の繊維(F)を押出フォームの第2の面上の針にしっかりと固定する工程および
f) 繊維(F)付きの針を、穴の中を通るように送り返し、この結果、繊維(F)が、繊維領域(FB2)が成型品の内部に入っている状態で存在し、押出フォームによって取り囲まれている一方で、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB1)が、成型品の第1の面または任意の層(S2)から突出しており、繊維(F)の繊維領域(FB3)が、成型品の第2の面から突出している状態になる工程、
によって実施することが好ましく、
工程b)と工程d)とを同時に実施することがより好ましい、
請求項13に記載の方法。 - 反応性のあるねばついた樹脂の形態の少なくとも1つの層(S1)を請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品上に作製し、装着し、硬化させることを含む、請求項8から12のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを作製する方法。
- 風車の動翼のために、輸送分野において、建設分野において、自動車製造において、造船において、鉄道車両製造において、コンテナ製造のために、衛生設備のためにおよび/または航空宇宙において、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の成型品または請求項8から12のいずれか一項に記載のパネルを使用する方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14199628.0 | 2014-12-22 | ||
EP14199628 | 2014-12-22 | ||
PCT/EP2015/079803 WO2016102243A1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-15 | Faserverstärkung anisotroper schaumstoffe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2018506610A JP2018506610A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
JP7204324B2 true JP7204324B2 (ja) | 2023-01-16 |
Family
ID=52344981
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017533963A Active JP7204324B2 (ja) | 2014-12-22 | 2015-12-15 | 異方性フォームの繊維強化 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170369667A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3237511B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7204324B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107257820B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112017013539A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2971772A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2705952C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016102243A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3237509B1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2020-06-24 | Basf Se | Faserverstärkung von treibmittelhaltigen schaumstoffen |
CN109196031B (zh) | 2016-05-25 | 2022-01-28 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 通过模塑发泡法制得的纤维增强的反应性泡沫 |
JP7005525B2 (ja) | 2016-05-25 | 2022-02-10 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 繊維強化発泡体の変換 |
AU2017276585B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2021-07-29 | Basf Se | Process for producing expandable polylactic acid-containing pellets |
US11787093B2 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2023-10-17 | BASF SE (Ellwanger & Baier Patentanwälte) | Process and tool for continuous production of fiber-reinforced foams |
JP2018146511A (ja) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 膜厚測定方法及び自動車の製造方法 |
EP3533599B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2023-04-05 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Composite panel with reinforcing pins |
IT201800009695A1 (it) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-04-23 | Diab Int Ab | Schiuma polimerica rigida |
GB2585909B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2022-08-17 | Pressure Islands Ltd | Semi-formed composite material |
US11718464B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2023-08-08 | Pratt Retail Specialties, Llc | Hinged wrap insulated container |
CN114184497B (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2023-12-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种织物剪切性能参数的测试方法与装置 |
EP4163079A1 (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-04-12 | Maxell, Ltd. | Resin sheet and resin molding |
CN114561088A (zh) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-05-31 | 山东盈九新能源科技有限公司 | 一种增强发泡材料 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003518453A (ja) | 1999-12-28 | 2003-06-10 | ウェブコア テクノロジーズ,インコーポレイティド | 繊維強化複合コアおよびパネル |
JP4189526B2 (ja) | 2001-11-28 | 2008-12-03 | 株式会社大一商会 | 遊技機 |
JP2008545551A (ja) | 2005-05-27 | 2008-12-18 | エアバス・ドイチュラント・ゲーエムベーハー | 強化発泡材 |
JP4843056B2 (ja) | 2006-11-30 | 2011-12-21 | 富士通株式会社 | 試験装置、試験方法、および製造方法 |
JP2013166881A (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Kaneka Corp | スチレン系樹脂押出発泡体およびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3030256A (en) * | 1960-03-08 | 1962-04-17 | Rosenthal Harry | Reinforced laminated panels with foam core |
JPS4843056A (ja) * | 1971-09-29 | 1973-06-22 | ||
US4695501A (en) * | 1984-04-10 | 1987-09-22 | Fibre Converters, Inc. | Thermoformable composite articles |
JPH07106591B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-26 | 1995-11-15 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | スチレン系樹脂発泡体 |
US6027798A (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 2000-02-22 | The Boeing Company | Pin-reinforced sandwich structure |
US5876652A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1999-03-02 | The Boeing Company | Method for improving pulloff strength in pin-reinforced sandwich structure |
ES2178231T3 (es) * | 1997-06-27 | 2002-12-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Articulos que absorben energia de espumas termoplasticas extruidas. |
US6291049B1 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2001-09-18 | Aztex, Inc. | Sandwich structure and method of making same |
NL1020640C2 (nl) * | 2002-05-21 | 2003-11-24 | Martin Theodoor De Groot | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een driedimensionaal voorwerp met sandwichstructuur. |
CN106342036B (zh) * | 2006-10-26 | 2010-10-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种采用固化Z-pin制造X-cor夹层结构的方法 |
EP1983025A1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-10-22 | Stichting Dutch Polymer Institute | Polymeric material comprising multiple cavities |
US20100196652A1 (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-05 | Demien Jacquinet | Quasi-isotropic sandwich structures |
JP4436435B1 (ja) * | 2009-07-02 | 2010-03-24 | Wpcコーポレーション株式会社 | 押出発泡成形用の成形材料及びその製造方法,並びに前記成形材料を使用して製造した木質発泡成形体,前記木質発泡成形体の製造方法並びに製造装置 |
EP2766175A1 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-08-20 | Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH | Method of manufacturing a composite panel |
-
2015
- 2015-12-15 CA CA2971772A patent/CA2971772A1/en active Pending
- 2015-12-15 EP EP15828485.1A patent/EP3237511B1/de active Active
- 2015-12-15 WO PCT/EP2015/079803 patent/WO2016102243A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-12-15 CN CN201580076638.6A patent/CN107257820B/zh active Active
- 2015-12-15 BR BR112017013539-6A patent/BR112017013539A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-12-15 JP JP2017533963A patent/JP7204324B2/ja active Active
- 2015-12-15 RU RU2017126243A patent/RU2705952C2/ru active
- 2015-12-15 US US15/538,788 patent/US20170369667A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003518453A (ja) | 1999-12-28 | 2003-06-10 | ウェブコア テクノロジーズ,インコーポレイティド | 繊維強化複合コアおよびパネル |
JP4189526B2 (ja) | 2001-11-28 | 2008-12-03 | 株式会社大一商会 | 遊技機 |
JP2008545551A (ja) | 2005-05-27 | 2008-12-18 | エアバス・ドイチュラント・ゲーエムベーハー | 強化発泡材 |
JP4843056B2 (ja) | 2006-11-30 | 2011-12-21 | 富士通株式会社 | 試験装置、試験方法、および製造方法 |
JP2013166881A (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Kaneka Corp | スチレン系樹脂押出発泡体およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2017126243A3 (ja) | 2019-05-16 |
EP3237511C0 (de) | 2023-08-16 |
BR112017013539A2 (pt) | 2018-03-06 |
RU2705952C2 (ru) | 2019-11-12 |
CN107257820A (zh) | 2017-10-17 |
WO2016102243A1 (de) | 2016-06-30 |
US20170369667A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
EP3237511A1 (de) | 2017-11-01 |
RU2017126243A (ru) | 2019-01-25 |
CA2971772A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
JP2018506610A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
EP3237511B1 (de) | 2023-08-16 |
CN107257820B (zh) | 2021-05-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7204324B2 (ja) | 異方性フォームの繊維強化 | |
CN107250228B (zh) | 由互相连接的片段组成的纤维增强泡沫材料 | |
CN109311193B (zh) | 组装纤维增强的泡沫 | |
EP2385897B1 (en) | Structural composite material with improved acoustic and vibrational damping properties | |
EP2480398B1 (en) | Thermoplastic composites and methods of making and using same | |
US20180009960A1 (en) | Fiber-reimforced molded bodies made of expanded particle foam material | |
US20200316907A1 (en) | Fibre-reinforced foam materials | |
US10543664B2 (en) | Fiber-reinforcement of blowing-agent containing foam materials | |
US20090011210A1 (en) | Lightweight glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic material | |
KR101866206B1 (ko) | 수지 복합체 및 수지 복합체의 제조 방법 | |
JP5864324B2 (ja) | 繊維強化複合体の製造方法 | |
Ma et al. | All-Thermoplastic Sandwich Composites | |
JP2021049692A (ja) | 繊維強化複合パネル |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A529 | Written submission of copy of amendment under article 34 pct |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A529 Effective date: 20170818 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20181213 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20190710 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20190716 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20191009 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20191209 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20200609 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20201007 |
|
C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20201007 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20201020 |
|
C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20201027 |
|
A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20210108 |
|
C211 | Notice of termination of reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C211 Effective date: 20210119 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20210824 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20210921 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20211012 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20220222 |
|
C13 | Notice of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C13 Effective date: 20220329 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20220614 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20220715 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20220816 |
|
C23 | Notice of termination of proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C23 Effective date: 20221108 |
|
C03 | Trial/appeal decision taken |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C03 Effective date: 20221206 |
|
C30A | Notification sent |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C3012 Effective date: 20221206 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20221228 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7204324 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |