JP7194614B2 - Target pole and survey system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a target pole for performing prism measurement with a surveying instrument and a surveying system using the target pole.

Prism measurement uses a target pole that indicates the point of measurement. The target pole has a pole with a ferrule at its lower end, and a retroreflector target such as a prism or a reflective sheet provided on the pole. When performing prism measurement, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point are measured by standing the ferrule of the pole on the measurement point and measuring the target with a surveying instrument.

In the case of conventional target poles, the ferrule is made of a hard material such as metal. easy.

For this reason, it becomes difficult to keep the ferrule of the target pole accurately held on the measuring point, and there is a possibility that the workability and the measuring accuracy are deteriorated.

JP 2015-10869 A Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-86019 JP 2018-189575 A JP 2017-90244 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a target pole that can be stably held even when a measurement point is located on a hard surface or slope, and a surveying system using the target pole.

The present invention comprises a pole provided with a target, and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole, the ferrule being provided concentrically with the pole and surrounding the ferrule. and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring, the non-slip portion having a hole centered on the ferrule and having a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the ferrule. is formed, and the lower end of the ferrule is located above the lower surface of the non-slip portion.

Further, the present invention relates to a target pole in which at least the lower surface of the non-slip portion is an elastic member with high frictional resistance.

The present invention also relates to a target pole in which a magnet is provided on the non-slip portion.

The present invention also relates to a target pole in which a plurality of compression springs are provided at predetermined angular intervals around the axis of the ferrule.

The present invention also relates to a target pole in which the anti-slip portion is divided at predetermined angular intervals, and the compression spring is attached to each anti-slip portion.

The present invention also relates to the target pole, wherein the compression spring is a coil spring provided concentrically with the ferrule.

Furthermore, the present invention is a surveying system for performing a prismatic survey on a target pole set up at a measurement point, wherein the surveying device comprises a horizontally rotatable surveying device main body and a vertically rotatable surveying device main body. a telescope unit, a distance measuring unit housed in the telescope unit for emitting distance measuring light and receiving distance measuring light reflected from a target to measure the distance; and a horizontal angle for detecting the horizontal angle of the main body of the surveying instrument. a detector and a vertical angle detector for detecting the vertical angle of the telescope section, and the target pole comprises a pole on which the target is provided and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole. , the ferrule has a ferrule provided concentrically with the pole, a compression spring provided around the ferrule, and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring; The stopper portion has a hole whose center coincides with the ferrule and is larger than the outer diameter of the ferrule, and the lower end of the ferrule is located above the lower surface of the anti-slip portion. It is related to the system.

According to the present invention, a pole provided with a target and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole are provided, the ferrule being concentrically provided with the pole and the ferrule. and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring, the center of the non-slip portion matching the ferrule and being larger than the outer diameter of the ferrule. Since a large hole is formed and the lower end of the ferrule is positioned above the lower surface of the non-slip portion, even if the measurement surface is a hard surface such as concrete or a slope, the pole can It can be stably held, and measurement accuracy and workability can be improved.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a surveying system for performing prismatic surveying on a target pole set up at a measurement point, wherein the surveying device comprises a surveying device main body capable of horizontal rotation, and a surveying device main body rotatable vertically. a telescope unit housed in the telescope unit, a distance measuring unit that emits distance measuring light and receives the reflected distance measuring light from a target to measure the distance; and a horizontal angle that detects the horizontal angle of the surveying instrument body An angle detector and a vertical angle detector for detecting the vertical angle of the telescope section. The target pole comprises a pole on which the target is provided and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole. The ferrule has a ferrule provided concentrically with the pole, a compression spring provided around the ferrule, and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring, The non-slip portion has a hole whose center coincides with the ferrule and is larger than the outer diameter of the ferrule, and the lower end of the ferrule is positioned above the lower surface of the non-slip portion. Therefore, even if the surface to be measured is a hard surface such as concrete or an inclined surface, the pole can be stably held, and an excellent effect of improving the measurement accuracy and workability is exhibited.

1 is a perspective view showing a target pole according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a ferrule according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the surveying system using the said target pole. 4 is a flow chart explaining prism measurement by the surveying system; FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a ferrule according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a ferrule according to a third embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a ferrule according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of a pole connected to the ferrule.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a target pole 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The target pole 1 is composed of a pole 2, a first prism 3 and a second prism 4 provided in the middle of the pole 2, and a ferrule 5 provided at the lower end of the pole 2. .

The first prism 3 is a target having retroreflectivity, and is provided so that its optical center is positioned on the axial center of the pole 2 . Also, the distance from the lower end of the ferrule 6 (described later) of the ferrule 5 to the optical center of the first prism 3 is known.

The second prism 4 is also a retroreflective target, and is provided so that its optical center is located on the axial center of the pole 2 . Also, the distance from the lower end of the ferrule 6 to the optical center of the second prism 4 is known. Furthermore, the distance between the optical center of the first prism 3 and the optical center of the second prism 4 is also known.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, details of the ferrule 5 will be described.

The ferrule 5 is provided at the lower end of the connecting portion 7 connected to the lower end of the pole 2, the base portion 8 extending downward while expanding in the outer peripheral direction from the connecting portion 7, and the lower end of the base portion 8. a non-slip portion 11 provided at the lower end of the compression spring 9; and the ferrule 6 provided concentrically with the pole 2 on the base portion 8.

The connecting portion 7 has a columnar shape, and a screw hole 10 is formed in the upper surface thereof. A male threaded portion (not shown) is formed at the lower end of the pole 2, and by screwing the threaded portion of the pole 2 into the threaded hole 10 of the connecting portion 7, the pole 2 and The connection part 7 is connected.

The base portion 8 continues from the lower end of the connecting portion 7 and extends downward while increasing in diameter. In addition, the base portion 8 is formed with a plurality of legs 12 at a predetermined angular pitch, for example, three legs 12 at a pitch of 120° around the axis of the pole 2, so that the three legs 12 are removed. parts have been excised. The lower portion of the leg portion 12 has a columnar shape having an axis parallel to the axis of the pole 2 .

The ferrule 6 is provided at the center of the three legs 12, and has a tapered lower end and a pointed lower end. Further, the shaft center of the ferrule 6 coincides with the shaft center of the pole 2 when the pole 2 and the connecting portion 7 are connected. The axial distance from the lower end of the ferrule 6 to the upper end of the connecting portion 7 is known.

The compression springs 9 are provided at the lower ends of the three legs 12, respectively. The compression springs 9 are fixed to the non-slip portion 11 at three equally divided positions on the same circumference. The anti-slip portion 11 is, for example, disc-shaped, and has a hole 13 formed in the center thereof. The non-slip portion 11 is made of a material having a large coefficient of friction, such as an elastic member such as rubber. Alternatively, the non-slip portion 11 is a metal plate, and a material having a large coefficient of friction is adhered to the bottom surface.

The bottom end of the ferrule 6 is located below the bottom end of the leg portion 12 and above the bottom surface of the non-slip portion 11 . The distance between the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the lower surface of the non-slip portion 11 is smaller than the maximum amount of deflection of the compression spring 9, and the resultant force of the compression spring 9 is applied to the pole 2 and the ferrule. The distance is maintained by supporting the weight of the portion 5 and the like. Furthermore, when the operator pushes down the pole 2, the ferrule 6 is easily grounded to the measuring point 25 (described later), and the repulsive force in the pushed down state is set so as not to burden the operator. .

Further, the outer diameter of the lower end of the ferrule 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 13, and is tapered so that the installed state of the tip can be visually recognized. Furthermore, by tilting the pole 2 or displacing the pole 2 in the radial direction of the hole 13 with the anti-slip portion 11 pressed against the measurement surface, the desired position in the hole 13 can be obtained. The lower end of the ferrule 6 can be moved.

Next, a surveying system using the target pole 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 3, 14 indicates a surveying instrument such as a total station. The surveying instrument 14 has a surveying instrument main body 15 and a horizontal rotating portion 16, and is installed at a known point via a support device such as a tripod 17. FIG.

The horizontal rotation unit 16 has a horizontal rotation motor (not shown), and is capable of rotating the surveying instrument main body 15 horizontally by 360° around the vertical axis. The amount of rotation of the surveying instrument main body 15, that is, the horizontal angle is detected by a horizontal angle detector (not shown).

The surveying instrument main body 15 has a display section 18 for displaying the measurement results, the progress of the measurement, and the like, and an operation section 19 for setting the measurement conditions and displaying the measurement results. Note that the display section 18 may be a touch panel that serves both as a display section and an operation section.

The surveying instrument main body 15 has a telescope section 21 supported by a frame section 22 . The telescope unit 21 is vertically rotated about the horizontal axis by a vertical rotation unit (not shown) having a vertical rotation motor (not shown). The amount of rotation of the telescope 21, that is, the vertical angle is detected by a vertical angle detector (not shown). The horizontal rotation portion 16 and the vertical rotation portion constitute a driving portion for rotating the telescope portion 21 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

The telescope section 21 includes a collimating telescope (not shown) and a distance measuring section (not shown). The collimating telescope has a viewing angle of about 5° and can collimate the first prism 3 and the second prism 4 respectively. Further, the distance measuring unit emits distance measuring light and receives the reflected distance measuring light reflected by the first prism 3 and the second prism 4, respectively. can be used for ranging and angle measurement.

The three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the first prism 3 are calculated based on the results of distance measurement and angle measurement of the first prism 3, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the first prism 3 are calculated. 2 Three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the prism 4 are calculated. Since the optical center of the first prism 3 and the optical center of the second prism 4 are both located on the axial center of the pole 2, the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the first prism 3 and the third prism 4 are 2 Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the optical center of the prism 4, the tilt angle and tilt direction of the pole 2 can be determined.

Note that the collimation optical axis 23 and the distance measuring optical axis 24 are coaxial. Further, the telescope section 21 may include a tracking section (not shown). The tracking section emits tracking light onto the tracking optical axis, receives reflected light from the first prism 3 or the second prism 4, and receives the reflected light from the first prism 3 or the second prism 4 based on the light receiving result. It is designed to track the prism 4 . Furthermore, the telescope section 21 may include an imaging section for automatic collimation of the first prism 3 or the second prism 4 .

Next, the case of performing prism measurement using the target pole 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG.

STEP: 01 First, the target pole 1 is moved to a predetermined measurement point 25 and the non-slip portion 11 is installed on the measurement surface 26 near the measurement point 25 . At this time, the position of the non-slip portion 11 is adjusted so that the measurement point 25 is positioned within the hole 13 .

STEP: 02 After the non-slip portion 11 is installed, the pole 2 is pressed toward the measurement surface 26 . As a result, the compression spring 9 is compressed, and the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the measuring surface 26 come into contact with each other. At this time, since the anti-slip portion 11 is pressed against the measurement surface 26 via the pole 2, the slippage of the anti-slip portion 11 is suppressed by the frictional resistance of the anti-slip portion 11. As shown in FIG.

STEP: 03 When the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the measurement surface 26 come into contact with each other, it is determined whether or not the positions of the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the measurement point 25 match.

STEP: 04 When it is determined that the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the position of the measuring point 25 do not match, the pole 2 is tilted or displaced in the radial direction of the hole 13. The lower end of the ferrule 6 is aligned with the measuring point 25 by moving the shaft.

STEP: 05 If the lower end of the ferrule 6 and the measuring point 25 match, or if the lower end of the ferrule 6 matches the measuring point 25 by tilting or moving the pole 2, then The first prism 3 is surveyed by the surveying device 14 . Incidentally, in this embodiment, the surveying instrument 14 tracks the first prism 3 .

STEP: 06 After surveying the first prism 3 , the second prism 4 is surveyed by the surveying device 14 . When the surveying device 14 tracks the second prism 4, the first prism 3 may be surveyed after the second prism 4 is surveyed.

STEP: 07 When the three-dimensional coordinates of the first prism 3 and the second prism 4 are measured, the surveying device 14 determines the pole 2 based on the measurement results of the first prism 3 and the second prism 4. , and the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 25 are calculated based on the calculation result and the known distance between the optical center of the second prism 4 and the lower end of the ferrule 6 .

As described above, in the first embodiment, the ferrule 5 has the non-slip portion 11 with a large frictional resistance, and when the non-slip portion 11 is pressed against the measurement surface 26, the ferrule 5 is pressed against the measurement surface 26. 6 is configured to coincide with the measuring point 25. As shown in FIG.

Therefore, slippage between the non-slip portion 11 and the measurement surface 26 is suppressed, and the lower end of the ferrule 6 is suppressed from slipping during measurement, so that the measurement surface 26 may be hard such as rocks or concrete. Even if the lower end of the ferrule 6 is a slippery surface such as a surface or a slope, the target pole 1 can be stably held, and measurement accuracy and workability can be improved.

The pole 2 is provided with the first prism 3 and the second prism 4 in a known relationship, and the tilt amount of the pole 2 is determined based on the measurement results of the first prism 3 and the second prism 4. The tilt direction can be calculated. Therefore, even when offset surveying is performed for the measurement point 25 that exists in a position where the target pole 1 cannot be erected vertically, such as a wall surface or a corner of a room, the measurement point 25 using the target pole 1 can be measured. measurements can be made.

Further, a horizontal detector such as a bubble tube is provided, and even when surveying is performed with the pole 2 standing upright, the posture of the target pole 1 is stabilized by the non-slip portion 11 and the compression spring 9. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved. If the target pole 1 has a structure capable of detecting its posture, either one of the first prism 3 and the second prism 4 may be provided.

When the pole 2 is not in use, the lower end of the ferrule 6 is located above the lower surface of the non-slip portion 11, and when the pole 2 is carried, the lower end of the ferrule 6 collides with an obstacle and is damaged or damaged. can be prevented. Further, since the ferrule 6 is urged upward by the compression spring 9, it is possible to suppress the lower end of the ferrule 6 from receiving a strong impact against the measuring surface 26. 6 can be protected.

Also, the ferrule 5 is connected to the pole 2 through the screw hole 10 . Therefore, the pole 2 can be exchanged for the ferrule 5, and the ferrule 5 can be used for various poles such as a pole provided with a bubble tube and a pole provided with two prisms. can be concatenated. Further, since the distance from the lower end of the ferrule 6 to the upper end of the connecting portion 7 is known, the target of the present embodiment can be obtained by simply replacing the ferrule of the conventional target pole with the ferrule 5. can be a pole.

Furthermore, since the ferrule 5 is supported at three points by the three compression springs 9, the pressure can be distributed evenly and the visibility of the lower end of the ferrule 6 can be ensured. be able to.

In the first embodiment, three compression springs 9 are provided at equal angular intervals. Needless to say, it is good.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

In the second embodiment, a plurality of magnets 27, for example, three magnets 27 are provided between the compression springs 9 at predetermined intervals in the anti-slip portion 11. As shown in FIG. The magnet 27 may be provided on the anti-slip portion 11 or may be embedded in the anti-slip portion 11 . Incidentally, the structure of the pole 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the anti-slip portion 11 is provided with the magnet 27 . Therefore, when the measurement surface 26 (see FIG. 3) is made of a magnetic material such as iron, when the pole 2 is pressed against the measurement surface 26, not only the friction resistance of the non-slip portion 11 but also the magnet Since the suction force of 27 also acts, the target pole 1 can be held more stably.

A third embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the third embodiment, the non-slip portion 28 has a split structure in which each leg portion 12 is split. That is, in the third embodiment, the non-slip portion 28 expands and contracts independently for each compression spring 9 . Incidentally, the structure of the pole 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Therefore, even if the measuring surface 26 (see FIG. 3) is not a flat surface, each non-slip portion 28 is pressed according to the surface shape of the measuring surface 26. The target pole 1 can be stably supported regardless of the surface shape, and workability can be improved.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the fourth embodiment, the base portion 29 continuous with the connecting portion 7 has a substantially plate-like shape with a conical curved surface. A ferrule 6 is provided on the lower surface of the base portion 29 so as to be concentric with the pole 2 when the pole 2 is connected to the connecting portion 7 , and surrounds the ferrule 6 . A compression coil spring 31 is provided so as to be concentric with. Although a cylindrical coil spring is shown in FIG. 7, it may be a conical coil spring.

A non-slip portion 11 is provided at the lower end of the compression coil spring 31 , and the non-slip portion 11 expands and contracts with respect to the base portion 29 via the compression coil spring 31 . The center of the hole 13 provided in the non-slip portion 11 coincides with the axis of the ferrule 6, and the lower end of the ferrule 6 is located above the lower surface of the non-slip portion 11. As shown in FIG. Incidentally, the structure of the pole 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Also in the fourth embodiment, the lower end of the ferrule 6 is aligned with the measuring point 25 (see FIG. 3) while the non-slip portion 11 is pressed against the measuring surface 26 (see FIG. 3). is configured to Therefore, even if the measurement point is a hard surface such as concrete or a slope, the target pole 1 can be stably held, and measurement accuracy and workability can be improved.

Incidentally, in the target poles 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, the ferrules 5 having different structures are connected to the common pole 2. However, as shown in FIG. A pole 32 having a different shape may be connected to the protruding portion 5 .

The pole 32 has a reference reflecting portion 33 provided in the middle. A reflecting sheet is wound around the entire periphery of the reference reflecting portion 33, and a reflecting sheet 34 is wound around the entire periphery of the reference reflecting portion 33 so that the poles 32 are partially exposed. ing. The portion around which the reflecting sheet 34 is wound constitutes a linear reflecting portion 35 having a predetermined vertical length. Also, the lower end of the pole 32 is connected to the ferrule 5 similar to that of the first embodiment.

The reference reflecting portion 33 and the linear reflecting portion 35 each reflect the distance measuring light and serve as a measurement target of the surveying instrument 14 (see FIG. 3). The reference reflecting portion 33 is a retroreflective target, and the center of the reference reflecting portion 33 serves as a reference point for measurement. The linear reflecting portion 35 serves as an auxiliary reflecting portion for facilitating detection of the object to be measured and detection of the reference reflecting portion 33 .

The reference reflecting portion 33 has a predetermined thickness (length in the axial direction) larger than the beam diameter of the distance measuring light, and is thicker than the diameter of the linear reflecting portion 35 .

When measuring the measurement point 25 with the target pole 1 using the pole 32, the surveying system disclosed in Patent Document 3, for example, can be used for the measurement.

It should be noted that in FIG. 8 the ferrule 5 of the first embodiment is connected to the pole 32, but the stones of the second to fourth embodiments are connected to the pole 32. Needless to say, the prongs may be connected.

Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments and FIG. 8, the ferrule 5 is provided for the target pole 1. may be applied to.

For example, the ferrule 5 of the present embodiment may be applied to a surveying system in which a surveying instrument is supported by a monopod, as disclosed in Patent Document 4. By applying the ferrule 5, the surveying instrument can be stably held.

1 target pole 2 pole 3 first prism 4 second prism 5 ferrule 6 ferrule 9 compression spring 11 non-slip portion

Claims (7)

A pole provided with a target and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole, the ferrule being provided concentrically with the pole and provided around the ferrule. a compression spring and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring, the non-slip portion having a hole whose center coincides with the ferrule and is larger than the outer diameter of the ferrule; A target pole configured such that a lower end of the ferrule is located above a lower surface of the non-slip portion. 2. The target pole according to claim 1, wherein at least the lower surface of said non-slip portion is an elastic member with high frictional resistance. 3. The target pole according to claim 1, wherein the non-slip portion is provided with a magnet. The target pole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of said compression springs are provided at predetermined angular intervals around the axis of said ferrule. 5. The target pole according to claim 4, wherein the anti-slip portion is divided at predetermined angular intervals, and the compression spring is attached to each anti-slip portion. The target pole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compression spring is a coil spring provided concentrically with the ferrule. A surveying system for performing a prismatic survey on a target pole set at a measurement point, the surveying device comprising a horizontally rotatable surveying device main body, a vertically rotatable telescope unit provided on the surveying device main body, and the a distance measuring unit housed in a telescope unit, emitting distance measuring light and receiving reflected distance measuring light from a target to measure the distance; a horizontal angle detector for detecting a horizontal angle of the main body of the surveying device; a vertical angle detector for detecting the vertical angle of the part, the target pole comprising a pole provided with the target, and a ferrule connected to the lower end of the pole, the ferrule being a ferrule provided concentrically with the pole; a compression spring provided around the ferrule; and a non-slip portion provided at the lower end of the compression spring, the center of A surveying system configured such that a hole that matches the ferrule and is larger than an outer diameter of the ferrule is formed, and a lower end of the ferrule is located above a lower surface of the non-slip portion.

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