JP7182357B2 - track relay - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a track relay, and more particularly to a track relay that detects whether a train is on a track circuit or not.

Conventionally, mechanical track relays have generally been employed to detect whether a train is on or off a track in a track circuit. This mechanical track relay is a mechanical track relay that operates using a local input that is input directly to the relay and a track input that receives train detection information from a track circuit. That is, in order to detect whether a train is on the track or not on the track circuit, the level of the track input and the phase difference between the local input and the track input are important, and it is necessary to adjust these values.

A circuit diagram of one embodiment of a conventional mechanical track relay 100 is shown in FIG. A track voltage 105 received from a track power supply 101 flowing through a track circuit 103 and a local voltage 104 received from a local power supply 102 are input to the mechanical track relay 100 . The track voltage 105 is on the order of 1V and the local voltage 104 is 100V at 50/60Hz AC. In order to operate track relay 100 reliably, adjustment of track voltage 105 by adjustment resistor 107, adjustment of track voltage 105 by adjustment transformer 108, and phase adjustment of local voltage 104 by phase adjuster 110 are performed. These adjustment resistors 107 and phase adjusters 110 are adjusted with taps for each mechanical track relay 100 .

The track voltage 105 is input to the relay 106 at points (1) and (2) in FIG. 8, and the local voltage 104 is input at points (3) and (4) in FIG. The relay 106 is provided with an Arago disc 109 . Then, due to the voltage (V) and the phase difference of each of the local voltage 104 and the orbital voltage 105, a rotational force is generated in the Arago disk 109, and the relay 106 is operated.

FIG. 9 shows an Arago disk 109 showing the principle of the conventional mechanical track relay 100. As shown in FIG. This principle is based on the fact that when a disk-shaped conductor having a rotating shaft 113 is moved along the disk 109 while a magnetic field is applied by the magnet 111, the movement of the magnet 111 generates an eddy current 112 in the disk 109 according to Fleming's right-hand rule. A rotational force is generated such that the disk 109 chases the magnet 111 .

FIG. 10 shows magnitudes and phases of the track voltage 105 and the local voltage 104 in the conventional mechanical track relay 100 when there is no train 114 in a predetermined section of the track circuit 103 . Here, the relationship between the phase difference (θ) between the local voltage 104 and the orbital voltage 105 and the maximum value (V ₁ ) of the orbital voltage 105 in the off-line state is determined by the relay 106 in the Arago disk 109 described above. drive the This causes the relay 106 to operate.

FIG. 11 shows magnitudes and phases of the track voltage 105 and the local voltage 104 in the conventional mechanical track relay 100 when the train 114 is on the track circuit 103 . Here, when the train 114 is on the track circuit 103, the phase difference (θ) between the local voltage 104 and the track voltage 105 does not change, and the maximum value of the track voltage 105 is (V ₂ ) changes and the force rotating Arago's disk 109 weakens. This causes the relay 106 to drop.

FIG. 12 shows a flow chart from installation of the relay 106 on site to completion of adjustment in the conventional mechanical track relay 100 . Each step in the flow diagram is denoted by symbols S1 to S7.

The relay 106 is installed (S1), the timing when the weather is good is selected (S2), and the track voltage 105 and the phase difference (θ) are measured (S3). Then, it is determined whether or not the operating conditions of the relay 106 are satisfied (S4), and if they are satisfied (Yes), the adjustment is completed and the work is finished (S7). On the other hand, if the operating conditions of the relay 106 are not satisfied (No), the track voltage 105 is adjusted (S5), and further the local voltage 104 is adjusted (S6). (θ) is adjusted (S4).

Compared to the flow from installation of the relay 6 of the present invention to completion of setting shown in FIG. It can be seen that a complicated work of adjusting (θ) is required.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing a process up to the completion of readjustment for changes in the installation environment in the conventional mechanical track relay 100. As shown in FIG. Each step in the flow diagram is denoted by symbols S1 to S7.

When an environmental change such as snow cover occurs, the trajectory input level is lowered (S1). Then, a failure occurs in the track circuit (S2). In order to deal with this situation, the orbital voltage 105 and the phase difference θ are adjusted by tapping at the site (S3). Through this adjustment, it is determined whether or not the operation conditions of the relay 106 are satisfied (S4). If the conditions are satisfied (Yes), the adjustment is completed and the work is finished (S7). On the other hand, if the operating conditions of the relay 106 are not satisfied (No), the orbital voltage 105 is adjusted (S5), and the local voltage 104 is adjusted (S6). (θ) is adjusted (S3).

Comparing with the flow of readjustment work of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the conventional readjustment work involves complicated work of adjusting the orbital voltage 105 and the phase difference (θ).

Patent Document 1 discloses a track relay phase adjustment device that can adjust the phase of a track relay so that the track relay does not recover, and does not need to adjust the track relay when the traffic signal is stopped and the night train does not run. is disclosed. Here, a resistor, a capacitor, and a step-down transformer are connected in series between the capacitor of the impedance bond at the receiving end of the track circuit and the track relay, and the capacitor is connected in parallel to the high-voltage side of the step-down transformer by the tap of this transformer. It is described that the connected phase adjustment circuit is installed so that the step-down transformer is on the track relay side.

JP-A-08-268280

Conventional mechanical track relays had the problem that various settings related to track relays had to be performed on site during installation and maintenance. Specifically, it was necessary to adjust the phase difference between the orbital input and the local input by switching the taps of the phase adjuster, and to adjust the orbital voltage and the local voltage by switching the taps of the adjustment transformer and the adjustment resistor. rice field. These adjustment operations are performed on-site and require complicated operations by skilled workers.

Track relays are important devices for safe operation of trains and must be inspected two or three times a year. Therefore, in the installation and maintenance of conventional mechanical track relays, there has been a problem that it is difficult to reduce costs such as labor costs and equipment costs, and to save labor.

In addition, the conventional mechanical track relay has a problem that it is necessary to make individual adjustments according to the installation conditions of the installation site when installing the track relay. For example, the length of the track circuit must be shortened at locations where conditions are poor for the track relay, and as a result, there is a problem that the installation cost and maintenance cost of the track circuit increase.

In addition, since the conventional mechanical track relay is mechanical, the relay includes moving parts, and although the manufacturing cost of the track relay increases, the product life is about 10 years, which is short compared to other equipment. There was a problem.

In addition, the conventional mechanical track relay has a problem that the track input fluctuates due to changes in the external environment, such as weather and seasonal changes, during operation, and therefore it is necessary to readjust each time.

The purpose of the present application is to solve such problems, reduce installation and maintenance costs by saving labor in adjusting track relays during installation, and optimize operation judgment conditions against track input fluctuations during operation to ensure safety. It is to provide a trajectory relay that guarantees compatibility.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a track relay that solves the above problems, reduces the production cost of the track relay itself, and extends the life of the product.

To achieve the above object, the orbit relay according to the present invention provides an average value of an orbit voltage at a predetermined time interval, and a maximum A track relay that determines whether or not a train is on the track by comparison with a threshold determined based on the variation of the track relay, and controls output information based on the determination result , wherein the average value is equal to or greater than the threshold voltage is continued for a certain period of time or more, the average value is stored, and the threshold value is reset to follow the variation of the orbital voltage.

With the above configuration, it is possible to automatically detect the level of the track input and the phase difference between the track input and the local input, thereby saving the adjustment work. Also, the track relay can be installed without shortening the length of the track circuit even in a location where installation conditions are poor.

In addition, by electronizing the mechanism of the track relay, the moving parts of the conventional mechanical track relay are no longer required, reducing the assembly cost and extending the life of the product. In addition, installation costs and maintenance costs can be reduced while maintaining the safety of conventional track rails.

In addition, it is preferable that the track relay samples the track voltage by slots obtained by dividing the time into a predetermined number of slots, and performs arithmetic processing for each slot. As a result, it is possible to save the adjustment work at the time of installation.

In addition, it is preferable that the track relay compares the result of the arithmetic processing for making the determination by automatically following the variation of the track voltage with the threshold value. As a result, a train detection threshold suitable for the installation environment can be set, and operation determination can be optimized depending on whether the train is on the track or not.

Also, the track relay preferably stores and retains a threshold when power is lost. As a result, the train detection threshold value can be memorized and held even at the time of power failure, and the train detection can be activated immediately at the time of power restoration.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the track relay has a plurality of logic circuits that perform arithmetic processing results and threshold values, and that the presence or absence of train presence is determined only when the results of all the logic circuits match. Accordingly, by multiplexing the logic circuits, the validity of the logic operation result can be ensured.

As described above, according to the track relay according to the present invention, at the time of installation, the adjustment work of the track relay is labor-saving to reduce installation and maintenance costs. It is possible to provide track relays that are optimized and ensure safety.

Further, according to the track relay according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the track relay itself and to provide a track relay that extends the life of the product.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of one embodiment of a track relay according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration and processing procedure of a central processing unit in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a graph showing how local voltages and orbital voltages are processed by a central processing unit over time; A flow diagram illustrates automatic tracking of a threshold (Vo) level for determining whether orbit relays operate or fall. It is a flowchart from installation of a track|orbit relay to the completion of a setting. FIG. 10 is a flow chart up to the completion of setting for changes in the installation environment; FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing multiplexing of logical operation units of track relays; 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a conventional track relay; FIG. It is an explanatory view showing the "Arago's disk" which is the principle of a conventional mechanical orbital relay. 2 is a graph showing magnitudes and phases of track voltage and local voltage when no train is present in the track circuit in a conventional mechanical track circuit; 2 is a graph showing magnitudes and phases of track voltage and local voltage when a train is on the track circuit in a conventional mechanical track circuit; FIG. 10 is a flow chart from installation of a relay to completion of adjustment in a conventional mechanical track relay; FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a conventional mechanical track relay until completion of readjustment for changes in the installation environment;

(Structure of track relay)
A track relay 1 according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of one embodiment of the track relay 1 as a circuit diagram. A track relay 1 according to the present invention detects whether a train 9 is on the track or not on the track in the track circuit 3 . Therefore, the track voltage 5 is connected from the track circuit 3 to the points (1) and (2) of FIG. 1 of the central processing unit 6 via the transformer 7a. This orbital voltage 5 is an AC voltage with an effective value of about 1 V, and has the characteristic of fluctuating under the influence of snow cover and the like. On the other hand, a local voltage 4 is connected to points (3) and (4) of FIG. This local voltage 4 has the characteristics that the frequency is constant and the voltage is also stable. Power is supplied to the track voltage 5 from the local power source 2 through the transformer 7b. According to the present invention, the track voltage 5 is sampled by the track relay 1 based on the value of the stable local voltage 4, and is compared with a set threshold value to detect whether the train 9 is on the track or not. do.

When a signal other than a stop signal is displayed on a signal or when a point machine is switched, train detection is performed to confirm that the train 9 is not on the track within a predetermined range of the track circuit 3 in order to ensure safety. Is required. This train detection is a train detection system that utilizes the fact that two rails are electrically short-circuited by an axle of a train 9 in a track circuit. That is, if the axle of the train 9 short-circuits between the rails, the electric power transmitted from one end does not reach the other end, and it is determined that "the train 9 is on the track". Also, if the axle of the train 9 does not short-circuit the rails, it is determined that "the train 9 is in an off-rail state" because the power transmitted from one end reaches the other end.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration and processing procedure of the central processing unit 6. As shown in FIG. The central processing unit 6 is composed of a local input rise detection section 10, a slot setting section 11, a sampling section 12, a slot peak detection section 13, and a train presence determination section . Note that the analog/digital (A/D) converter 15 is included when the orbital voltage 5 is an analog value, but is not included when the orbital voltage 5 is a digital value.

FIG. 3 shows how the central processing unit 6 processes the local voltage 4 and the orbital voltage 5 over time. The local input rising detection unit 10 samples the value of the orbital voltage 5 at time intervals, for example, divided into 8 with the rise of the local voltage 4 as a reference. In other words, the orbital voltage 5 is sampled by slots obtained by dividing the time into a predetermined number of slots, and arithmetic processing is performed for each slot. The phase difference between the local voltage 4 and the orbital voltage 5 is calculated from the number of divided slots. FIG. 3(a) shows the sampling result divided into 8 with the rise as a reference. Note that the number of divisions is not limited to eight divisions, and may be any integer division. By using the rise of the local voltage 4 as a reference in this manner, the fluctuating track voltage 5 can be reliably sampled. The slot setting unit 11 sets a reference point for raising the local voltage 4 and sets the number of divisions by slots. The sampling unit 12 calculates an average value in each time range for each slot into which the orbital voltage 5 is divided. FIG. 3(b) shows the slot average value 5' of the track voltage 5 calculated for each time interval. As shown in FIG. 3(c), the slot peak detector 13 detects the position where the slot average value 5' of the track voltage 5 is the largest on the positive electrode side (slot (3) in FIG. 3) as a result of sampling. ) is determined as a processed signal (V _P ). The slot peak detector 13 also compares the processed signal (V _P ) with the stored threshold value (Vo) of the track voltage 5 .

The train on-track determination unit 14 determines whether the train 9 is on-track or off-track by comparing the processed signal (V _P ) of the track voltage 5 with the set threshold value (Vo) of the track voltage 5, Output information is controlled based on the determination result. That is, when the track voltage 5 processed signal (V _P ) is greater than the threshold value (Vo), it is determined that the train 9 is out of line, the relay 6 is operated, and the track voltage 5 processed signal ( V _P ) is smaller than the threshold value (Vo), it is determined that the train 9 is on track and the relay 6 is dropped.

FIG. 3(d) shows the processed signal (V _P ) when the train 9 is on track and the set threshold value (Vo) of the track voltage 5 . When the train 9 is on the track rail 3, the track voltage 5 drops and the processed signal (V _P ) becomes lower than the threshold (Vo).

(automatic tracking of threshold level)
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the automatic follow-up of the threshold (Vo) level for judging whether the relay 6 is activated or dropped. When the train 9 transits from the on-track state to the non-on-rail state, the track voltage 5 fluctuates greatly. In addition, it also fluctuates due to changes in the surrounding environment, such as when snow falls on the orbit. Therefore, during operation, in order to accurately detect whether the train 9 is on the track or not when the track voltage 5 fluctuates, the threshold value (Vo) must be adjusted according to changes in the surrounding environment. need to follow. In other words, it automatically determines a change in the surrounding environment and resets the level of the threshold value (Vo). As a result, it is possible to determine whether the train is on the track or not, by excluding the factors of the surrounding environment from the fluctuation of the track level.

First, the threshold value (Vo) is initialized. That is, the track voltage 5 is sampled (S1), and a threshold value (Vo) for judging the operation or drop of the relay 6 is initially set from this sampled value (S2). The initial setting of the threshold value (Vo) is completed as described above, and the operation of the threshold value (Vo) during train operation will now be described.

First, the orbital voltage 5 is sampled (S3). A determination is made as to whether or not this sampling value is greater than or equal to the threshold value (Vo) (S4). (S5). On the other hand, if the sampled value is equal to or less than the threshold value (Vo), it is determined that the train is on track, the follow-up operation is stopped (S6), and the process returns to sampling of the track voltage (S3).

Next, it is determined whether or not the stored threshold value has been stored for a certain period of time or longer (S7). Return to (S3). On the other hand, when the memory of the train detection threshold value storage section (17a, 17b) is longer than the predetermined time, the average of the sampled values for N seconds, which is an arbitrary time interval, is rounded off to an integer (S9). Then, the rounded value is stored (S10). The fact that the train detection threshold storage units (17a, 17b) are not stored for a certain period of time means that the stored information is not accumulated. , or it cannot be determined whether it is due to the train. Therefore, for a certain period of time after the state transition, sampling of the orbital voltage is continued without comparison with the previous value until the stored information is accumulated.

Furthermore, it is determined whether or not the stored value is the same as the previous value (S11). is newly set as a motion or fall threshold (S12). On the other hand, if it is the same as the previous stored value, the motion or drop threshold is not updated (S13).

FIG. 5 shows a flow chart from installation of the relay 6 to completion of setting. Each step in the flow diagram is denoted by symbols S1 to S7. Comparing this figure with the flow chart from installation to completion of adjustment of the relay 106 in the conventional mechanical track relay 100 shown in FIG.

First, the relay 6 is installed (S1). Then, the relay 6 is turned on (S2), the setting switch is turned on for initialization (S3), and the local phase is determined (S4). That is, it determines whether the local input rises, and sets slots obtained by dividing the local input into, for example, eight equal slots. The phase difference θ between the orbital voltage 5 and the local voltage 4 can then be determined from this. The track voltage 5 is sampled (S5). The orbital voltages 5 are averaged for each slot and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the peak value. Next, a threshold value (Vo) for judging motion or fall is set (S6). A threshold value for judgment is calculated from the sampled value and set (S7).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a process up to the completion of setting for changes in the installation environment. Each step in the flow diagram is denoted by symbols S1 to S4. The threshold value (Vo) is made to automatically follow the variation of the maximum value (V _P ) of the orbital voltage 5 for determination.

When an environmental change such as snow cover occurs, the trajectory input level is lowered (S1). The track voltage 5 is sampled (S2). Next, the threshold value (Vo) used for train detection is reset (S3). That is, the threshold value (Vo) for judgment is calculated and set from the sampling of the track voltage 5 (S3), and the setting is completed (S4).

Compared with the flow of conventional readjustment work shown in FIG _. It is possible to omit the troublesome work of adjusting the track voltage 5 and the phase difference (θ) in the work.

(Multiple logical operations)
FIG. 7 shows multiplexing of the logical operation units 16a and 16b of the track relay 1. As shown in FIG. The central processing unit 6 has an A-system logic operation unit 16a and a B-system logic operation unit 16b. A detection threshold storage unit 17b is provided. The orbital voltage 5 and the local voltage 4 are input to both the A-system logic operation section 16a and the B-system logic operation section 16b, and each performs an operation independently based on this information. The set threshold value (Vo) used for train detection is read from the train detection threshold value storage unit 17a and the train detection threshold value storage unit 17b, and the newly set threshold value (Vo) used for train detection is read. is written in the train detection threshold storage unit 17a and the train detection threshold storage unit 17b. The arithmetic processing results of the A-system logic operation section 16a and the B-system logic operation section 16b are respectively transmitted to the logic operation result comparison section 19 and compared in the logic operation result comparison section 19. FIG.

That is, the central processing unit 6 has two sets of logical operation units 16a and 16b for performing operations on the result of the operation processing and the threshold value (Vo), and the results of both the logic operation units 16a and 16b match. It is determined whether the train 9 is on-track or not on-track only when it is. Further, when the power supply is turned off, the threshold value (Vo) is stored in the train detection threshold value storage section 17a and the train detection threshold value storage section 17b.

The configurations, shapes, sizes, and arrangement relationships described in the above embodiments are merely schematic representations to the extent that the present invention can be understood and implemented. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but can be modified in various forms without departing from the scope of the technical concept indicated in the claims.

1 track relay 2 local power supply 3 track circuit 4 local voltage 5 track voltage 5' slot average value of track voltage 6 central processing unit or relay 7a, 7b transformer (transformer) 8 track power supply 9 train, 10 local input start-up determination unit, 11 slot setting unit, 12 sampling unit, 13 slot peak detection unit, 14 train presence determination unit, 15 analog/digital (A/D) conversion unit, 16a A system logic operation unit, 16b B-system logic operation unit 17a, 17b train detection threshold storage unit 19 logic operation result comparison unit 100 conventional mechanical track relay 101 track power supply 102 local power supply 103 track circuit 104 local voltage 105 Track voltage, 106 (conventional) relay, 107 regulating resistor, 108 regulating transformer, 109 (Arago's) disk, 110 phase adjuster, 111 magnet, 112 eddy current, 113 rotating shaft, 114 train, θ phase difference, _VP , V ₁ , V ₂ maximum (of processed signal), Vo (orbital voltage) threshold.

Claims (4)

Train position is determined by comparing an average value of the track voltage at predetermined time intervals with a threshold determined based on the maximum variation of the average value of the track voltage that changes according to environmental changes of the set track voltage. A track relay that determines the presence or absence of and controls output information based on the determination result,
A track relay that stores the average value and resets the threshold value to follow changes in the track voltage when the average value is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage for a predetermined time or longer. 2. A track relay according to claim 1, wherein said track voltage is sampled by slots obtained by dividing time into a predetermined number of slots, and arithmetic processing is performed for each of said slots. 3. A track relay according to claim 1 , wherein said threshold value is stored in memory when power is turned off. 4. The track relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , comprising a plurality of logic circuits for performing arithmetic processing results and said threshold values, wherein the results of all said logic circuits match. A track relay, characterized in that it determines whether or not the train is on track only when the train is on the track.

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