JP7177765B2 - 燃料電池車両の制御方法及び燃料電池車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池車両の制御方法及び燃料電池車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7177765B2 JP7177765B2 JP2019220817A JP2019220817A JP7177765B2 JP 7177765 B2 JP7177765 B2 JP 7177765B2 JP 2019220817 A JP2019220817 A JP 2019220817A JP 2019220817 A JP2019220817 A JP 2019220817A JP 7177765 B2 JP7177765 B2 JP 7177765B2
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Description
図1は、実施形態に係る燃料電池車両の制御方法を実施する実施形態に係る燃料電池車両(自車)10の構成例を示す模式的ブロック図である。
基本的には以上のように構成される燃料電池車両10の通常走行(非制限走行)時における動作について、燃料電池システム12中に、燃料ガス、酸化剤ガス、電力の流れに矢線を付けた図2を参照して、以下に説明する。
次に、この発明の要部に係る燃料電池車両の制御方法について、これを実施する燃料電池システム12を搭載する燃料電池車両10の動作との関係に基づき、図3のフローチャート及び図4のタイミングチャートを参照して、以下に説明する。図3のフローチャートに係るプログラムの実行主体は、制御装置30(のCPU)であるが、これをその都度参照すると煩雑となるので、適宜省略して以下説明する。
図5は、第1変形例に係る燃料電池車両の制御方法の説明に供されるフローチャートである。燃料電池車両は、図1に示した燃料電池車両10と同様の構成を用いることができる。
(i)第2変形例で解決しようとする課題
図6A、図6Bは、第2変形例が解決しようとする課題の説明図である。
この課題を解決するための、第2変形例に係る燃料電池車両の制御方法は、図1に示した実施形態に係る燃料電池車両10と同様の燃料電池車両10Aで実施することができる。なお、燃料電池車両10Aは、燃料電池車両10に比較して、既に描いている温度計監視部30dが設けられる点で異なる。
図8は、第3変形例に係る燃料電池車両10Bの構成例を示すブロック図である。
上記図4を参照して説明した実施形態では、時点t0~時点t2の間で高圧バッテリ14のSOCを必要SOCrに設定して充放電制御しているが、これに限らず、時点t0~時点t4の間で高圧バッテリ14のSOCを余裕SOCmに設定して制御してもよい。これによれば、時点t2~時点t3のアシストに向けての予備充電を省略することができる。
ここで、上記実施形態及び第1~第4変形例から把握し得る発明について、以下に記載する。なお、理解の便宜のために構成要素には上記で用いた符号の一部を付けているが、該構成要素は、その符号をつけたものに限定されない。
12…燃料電池システム
14、14P…高圧バッテリ(蓄電装置)
18…昇圧コンバータ 20…インバータ
24…モータ 26…昇降圧コンバータ
30…制御装置 30a…非制限走行制御部
30b…SOC増加制御部 30c…制限走行制御部
30d…温度計監視部 32…アクセルペダル
34…燃料電池スタック(燃料電池)
36…酸化剤ガス供給装置 38…燃料ガス供給装置
40…発電セル 41…固体高分子電解質膜
42…カソード電極 43…アノード電極
44…電解質膜・電極構造体 45、46…セパレータ
47…カソード流路 48…アノード流路
52…エアポンプ 57…インジェクタ
80…高圧タンク(水素タンク) 86…エゼクタ
90…気液分離器 102a~102e…圧力計
103…湿度計
104、104a~104c、108、118…温度計
106、116…電圧計 107、117…電流計
Claims (9)
- 燃料ガスを貯蔵する樹脂ライナーと、該樹脂ライナーを覆うCFRP層と、前記樹脂ライナー内に貯蔵された前記燃料ガスを燃料電池に放出する口金と、を備え、且つ、前記樹脂ライナーを透過し前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留された透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から外部に逃がすものとされた高圧タンクと、前記燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの電気化学反応により発電する前記燃料電池と、充放電可能な蓄電装置と、前記燃料電池の電力及び前記蓄電装置の電力の少なくとも一方により走行駆動力を生成するモータと、を搭載した燃料電池車両の制御方法であって、
前記高圧タンク内のガス圧を測定するガス圧測定工程と、
前記ガス圧が満充填圧から出力制限開始閾圧までの間では、主に前記燃料電池の電力により前記モータによる走行駆動力を制限しないで走行させる非制限走行工程と、
前記ガス圧が前記出力制限開始閾圧となったときに、前記高圧タンクから放出される燃料量を制限するとともに、前記モータによる走行駆動力を必要限度に制限して走行させる制限走行工程と、を備え、
前記出力制限開始閾圧は、前記高圧タンクの前記樹脂ライナーのバックリングの発生による変形を防止するために、前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留されている前記透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から前記外部に逃がす速度が確保されるように、前記高圧タンクから前記燃料電池に放出される燃料ガス圧の時間変化を小さくして燃料ガス放出量の制限を開始する閾値圧力に設定され、
前記制限走行工程では、前記モータによる走行駆動力が、前記必要限度の走行駆動力となるように前記蓄電装置の電力によりアシストする
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両の制御方法において、
前記制限走行工程で、前記ガス圧が前記出力制限開始閾圧未満のタンクガス欠圧となったときに、前記高圧タンクからの前記燃料ガスの放出を遮断し、前記蓄電装置の電力のみにより前記モータによる走行駆動力を生成するガス遮断走行工程を、さらに備える
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 燃料ガスを貯蔵する樹脂ライナーと、該樹脂ライナーを覆うCFRP層と、前記樹脂ライナー内に貯蔵された前記燃料ガスを燃料電池に放出する口金と、を備え、且つ、前記樹脂ライナーを透過し前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留された透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から外部に逃がすものとされた高圧タンクと、前記燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの電気化学反応により発電する前記燃料電池と、充放電可能な蓄電装置と、前記燃料電池の電力及び前記蓄電装置の電力の少なくとも一方により走行駆動力を生成するモータと、を搭載した燃料電池車両の制御方法であって、
前記高圧タンク内のガス圧を測定するガス圧測定工程と、
前記ガス圧が満充填圧から第1閾圧までの間では、主に前記燃料電池の電力により前記モータによる走行駆動力を制限しないで走行させる非制限走行工程と、
前記ガス圧が前記第1閾圧を下回ると、前記燃料電池の発電量の一部を前記蓄電装置に余分に充電して前記蓄電装置のSOCを余裕SOCまで増加させるSOC増加走行工程と、
前記ガス圧が前記第1閾圧より小さい第2閾圧となったときに、前記高圧タンクから放出される燃料量を制限するとともに、前記モータによる走行駆動力を必要限度に制限して走行させる制限走行工程と、を備え、
前記第2閾圧は、前記高圧タンクの前記樹脂ライナーのバックリングの発生による変形を防止するために、前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留されている前記透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から前記外部に逃がす速度が確保されるように、前記高圧タンクから前記燃料電池に放出される燃料ガス圧の時間変化を小さくして燃料ガス放出量の制限を開始する閾値圧力に設定され、
前記制限走行工程では、前記モータによる走行駆動力が、前記必要限度の走行駆動力となるように前記蓄電装置の電力によりアシストする
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 請求項3に記載の燃料電池車両の制御方法において、
前記非制限走行工程では、
前記蓄電装置のSOCが、前記余裕SOC以下であって、且つ前記モータの回生電力を全て取り込める略一定値の必要SOCになるように充放電制御する
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 請求項3又は4に記載の燃料電池車両の制御方法において、
前記制限走行工程で、前記ガス圧が前記第2閾圧未満の第3閾圧となったときに、前記高圧タンクからのガスの放出を遮断し、前記蓄電装置の電力のみにより前記モータによる走行駆動力を生成するガス遮断走行工程を、さらに備える
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 請求項3~5のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池車両の制御方法において、
前記SOC増加走行工程は、前記制限走行工程が開始する前に完了させる
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 燃料ガスを貯蔵する樹脂ライナーと、該樹脂ライナーを覆うCFRP層と、前記樹脂ライナー内に貯蔵された前記燃料ガスを燃料電池に放出する口金と、を備え、且つ、前記樹脂ライナーを透過し前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留された透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から外部に逃がすものとされた高圧タンクと、前記燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの電気化学反応により発電する前記燃料電池と、充放電可能な蓄電装置と、前記燃料電池の電力及び前記蓄電装置の電力の少なくとも一方により走行駆動力を生成するモータと、を搭載した燃料電池車両の制御方法であって、
前記高圧タンク内のガス温を測定する温度測定部の異常の有無を検出する温度測定部監視工程と、
前記温度測定部に、走行中であるにも拘わらず、ガス温が時間変化しない異常が有る場合、前記高圧タンクの前記樹脂ライナーのバックリングの発生による変形を防止するために、前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留されている前記透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から前記外部に逃がす速度が確保されるように、前記高圧タンクから前記燃料電池に放出される燃料ガス圧の時間変化を小さくして燃料ガス放出量を制限するとともに、前記モータによる走行駆動力を必要限度に制限して走行させる制限走行工程と、を備え、
前記制限走行工程では、前記モータによる走行駆動力が前記必要限度の走行駆動力となるように前記蓄電装置の電力によりアシストする
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 燃料ガスを貯蔵する樹脂ライナーと、該樹脂ライナーを覆うCFRP層と、前記樹脂ライナー内に貯蔵された前記燃料ガスを燃料電池に放出する口金と、を備え、且つ、前記樹脂ライナーを透過し前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留された透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から外部に逃がすものとされた高圧タンクと、前記燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの電気化学反応により発電する前記燃料電池と、充放電可能な蓄電装置と、前記燃料電池の電力及び前記蓄電装置の電力の少なくとも一方により走行駆動力を生成するモータと、を搭載した燃料電池車両の制御方法であって、
前記高圧タンク内のガス温及びガス圧を測定するガス温・ガス圧測定工程と、
前記ガス温が第1閾温度を下回ると、前記燃料電池の発電量の一部を蓄電装置に充電して前記蓄電装置のSOCを余裕SOCまで増加させるSOC増加走行工程と、
前記ガス温が前記第1閾温度より低い第2閾温度に低下するまで、主に前記燃料電池の電力により前記モータによる走行駆動力を制限しないで走行させる非制限走行工程と、
前記ガス温が前記第2閾温度となったとき、前記高圧タンクの前記樹脂ライナーのバックリングの発生による変形を防止するために、前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留されている前記透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から前記外部に逃がす速度が確保されるように、前記高圧タンクから前記燃料電池に放出される燃料ガス圧の時間変化を小さくして燃料ガス放出量を制限するとともに、前記モータによる走行駆動力を必要限度に制限して走行させる制限走行工程と、を備え、
前記制限走行工程では、前記モータによる走行駆動力が、前記必要限度の走行駆動力となるように前記蓄電装置の電力によりアシストする
燃料電池車両の制御方法。 - 燃料ガスを貯蔵する樹脂ライナーと、該樹脂ライナーを覆うCFRP層と、前記樹脂ライナー内に貯蔵された前記燃料ガスを燃料電池に放出する口金と、を備え、且つ、前記樹脂ライナーを透過し前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留された透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から外部に逃がすものとされた高圧タンクと、前記燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとの電気化学反応により発電する前記燃料電池と、充放電可能な蓄電装置と、前記燃料電池の電力及び前記蓄電装置の電力の少なくとも一方により走行駆動力を生成するモータと、制御装置と、を搭載した燃料電池車両であって、
前記高圧タンク内のガス圧を測定するガス圧測定部と、
前記ガス圧が満充填圧から出力制限開始閾圧までの間では、主に前記燃料電池の電力により前記モータによる走行駆動力を制限しないで走行させる非制限走行制御部と、
前記ガス圧が前記出力制限開始閾圧となったときに、前記高圧タンクから放出される燃料量を制限するとともに、前記モータによる走行駆動力を必要限度に制限して走行させる制限走行制御部と、を備え、
前記出力制限開始閾圧は、前記高圧タンクの前記樹脂ライナーのバックリングの発生による変形を防止するために、前記樹脂ライナーと前記CFRP層との間の空間に貯留されている前記透過燃料ガスを前記口金部分から前記外部に逃がす速度が確保されるように、前記高圧タンクから前記燃料電池に放出される燃料ガス圧の時間変化を小さくして燃料ガス放出量の制限を開始する閾値圧力に設定され、
前記制限走行制御部は、前記モータによる走行駆動力が、前記必要限度の走行駆動力となるように前記蓄電装置の電力によりアシストする
燃料電池車両。
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