JP7174424B2 - Operation method of quay wall structure and fender - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a quay wall structure constructed by installing a fender on a quay wall, and a method for operating the fender.

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view showing a conventional wharf structure.

A fender 40 is usually installed on the upright surface S of the quay G in order to prevent damage to the hull and the quay due to direct contact between the ship and the quay G. Although there are various forms of fenders, the fender 40 shown in this figure is made of an elastic material such as rubber, and has an impact receiving portion 41 that contacts the hull of the ship at a position that protrudes from the standing surface S, and an impact receiving portion 41 A pair of support portions 42a and 42b extending from the portion 41 toward the standing surface S and foot portions 43a and 43b provided at the end portions of the respective support portions 42a and 42b and abutting on the standing surface S are provided. Prepare. A space portion 44 is formed between the two support portions 42a and 42b and the leg portions 43a and 43b. The fender 40 has legs 43a and 43b fixed using anchor bolts 50 embedded in the standing surface S, thereby constructing a quay wall structure J in which the fender 40 is fixed to the standing surface S. be done.

Generally, the size of the fender 40 differs in the magnitude of the reaction force acting on the docking vessel. Therefore, when the fender 40 fixed to the standing surface S is relatively small for a small ship, it is difficult to bring a large ship to berth safely. On the other hand, if a large fender for a large ship is fixed to the upright surface, the distance from the quay to the hull becomes too wide when a small ship is berthed, making it difficult for passengers to get on and off and cargo. There is a risk of causing problems in the loading and unloading work.

Therefore, it is conceivable to replace the fender with a fender of an appropriate size according to the size of the ship to be berthed. Work from both the land side and the water side, such as work to remove the fender from the bolt and work to fix the fender to the anchor bolt, was required, and was very time-consuming.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicants have proposed the technique described in Patent Document 1. This is a fender holder for detachably mounting a fender larger than the fixed fender on the side of the fixed fender on the standing surface of the quay, Normally, only a fixed fender is used for a small ship, and when a large ship is docked, a large fender is attached to a fender holder. After the large ship leaves the shore, the large fender is removed and the original fixed fender is used for berthing of the small ship.

JP 2019-124075 A

In order to ensure that the ship is properly berthed at the quay, it is necessary that the size of the fender is appropriate and that the fender is installed in a necessary and sufficient range. In other words, in order to reliably prevent direct contact between the quay wall and the ship, the installation range of the fender on the standing surface should be such that the hull side between the bow and stern of the ship is in contact with the quay wall or the fender when berthing. It is necessary to sufficiently correspond to the length of the contactable portion (hereinafter referred to as "parallel line"). However, with fixed fenders, since the number of fenders to be installed and the installation intervals are fixed, it is not possible to safely berth a ship that exceeds the length of the parallel line that can be handled.

The technique of Patent Document 1 is to temporarily install fenders with greater absorption energy and reaction force when berthing a large ship. not. Further, in Patent Document 1, when a large fender is installed, a small fixed fender that is fixed in advance does not come into contact with the hull and is not used at all when the ship is docked. For this reason, for large ships, the entire parallel line must be supported only by large fenders that will be installed later, so the number of large fenders used will increase, and the man-hours required for installation work will increase accordingly. There is also the problem of increasing

In order to deal with the above conventional problems, the present invention effectively utilizes existing fixed fenders and easily increases or decreases the number of installed fenders according to the length of the parallel line of the ship. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of operating a quay wall structure and a fender that can be used.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a quay wall structure, a fixed fender fixed to a standing surface facing the side of the ship on the quay where the ship berths, and a fixed fender on the standing surface A fender holder installed on the side of a fixed fender and a detachable fender detachably attached to the fender holder, the fixed fender and the detachable fender is a specification that the protruding position from the standing surface is equal and there is no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between them, and the installation range of fixed fenders and detachable fenders on the standing surface is The detachable fender is attached to the fender holder so as to cover at least the length of the parallel line of the ship .

With this configuration, the number of fenders arranged on the standing surface increases by mounting the detachable fenders on the fender holder. Fixed fenders and detachable fenders are designed so that their projecting positions from the standing surface are the same and there is no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between them, and the fixed fenders on the standing surface And since the installation range of the detachable fender is set to at least the length of the parallel line of the ship or more, when the ship berths, the side part contacts both the fixed fender and the detachable fender. . At that time, there is no difference in reaction force exerted on the ship between the fixed fender and the detachable fender.

According to the invention of claim 2, in the configuration of the invention of claim 1, each of the fixed fenders, the detachable fenders, and the fender holders includes a plurality of pieces, and the adjacent fixed fenders are separated from each other. a first spacing between, a second spacing between adjacent removable fenders mounted on a plurality of fender holders, and adjacent fixed fenders and removable fenders; It is set to be equal to the third distance between the material.

With this configuration, when the detachable fenders are attached to the fender holder, the plurality of fixed fenders and the plurality of detachable fenders are arranged at regular intervals.

The invention according to claim 3 is a method for operating a fender, wherein a fixed fender fixed to a standing surface facing a side portion of the ship on a quay where the ship berths, and a fixed fender on the standing surface The fender holder installed on the other side and the fixed fender detachably attached to the fender holder have the same protruding position from the standing surface and are attached to the ship between the fixed fender A preparatory process to prepare detachable fenders with specifications that do not cause a difference in the reaction force, and the installation range of fixed fenders and detachable fenders on the standing surface is at least the length of the parallel line of the ship In order to achieve the above range, a fender addition process in which a removable fender is attached to a fender holder, and a berthing process in which a fixed fender and a removable fender are brought into contact with a ship that berths. includes.

With this configuration, the number of installed fenders is increased by attaching the detachable fenders in the fender addition process to the fender holders prepared on the quay together with the fixed fenders in the preparation process. can be made In the berthing process, the fixed fender and the detachable fender are brought into contact with the side portion of the berthing ship to prevent direct contact between the ship and the wharf.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the third aspect of the invention, an initialization step of removing the detachable fender and returning it to an initial state is further included after the berthing step.

According to this configuration, by removing the detachable fender in the initialization process, it is possible to return to the initial state in which only the fixed fender is left on the quay.

The invention according to claim 5 is the configuration of the invention according to claim 3 or claim 4 , wherein each of the detachable fenders and the fender holders includes a plurality of pieces, and the fender installation step includes: It includes a step of attaching a number of detachable fenders to the fender holder, which is determined based on the length of the parallel line .

With this configuration, the number of detachable fenders determined according to the length of the parallel line of the hull of the ship is used.

As explained above, according to the invention of claim 1, only fixed fenders are used when the ship to be docked is small, and when a large ship that cannot be supported by only fixed fenders is to be docked, the detachable fender is used. By installing a fender, it becomes possible to respond immediately. Therefore, at quays where large ships dock less frequently, only fixed fenders are normally used, and the number of fenders that are subject to wear and damage can be reduced. Since the detachable fender is used only when a large ship is docked, it is less likely to be worn or damaged, and thus can be used for a longer period of time. Fixed fenders and detachable fenders are designed so that their projecting positions from the standing surface are the same and there is no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between them, and the fixed fenders on the standing surface And since the installation range of the detachable fender is set to at least the length of the parallel line of the ship, not only is there no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between the two, but there is also freedom to select the berthing position of the ship. Since the degree becomes large, the berthing operation can be facilitated.

In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 2, the invention according to claim 2 has a plurality of fixed fenders and a plurality of detachable fenders arranged at equal intervals. The reaction force against the ship is almost the same even if it is berthed. Therefore, the berthing position of the ship can be freely selected, which facilitates the berthing operation.

In the invention of claim 3, when a large ship that cannot be handled by fixed fenders alone is docked, it is possible to immediately respond by installing detachable fenders to increase the number of installed fenders. becomes. Fixed fenders and detachable fenders have the same protruding position from the standing surface and are designed so that there is no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between them. Since there is no difference in force, the degree of freedom in selecting the ship's docking position is increased, and the docking operation can be facilitated.

In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 3, the invention according to claim 4 restores the initial state and uses only fixed fenders when there is no berthing of a large ship, thereby preventing wear and damage. The number of fenders can be reduced. Since the detachable fender is used only when a large ship is docked, it is less likely to be worn or damaged, and thus can be used for a longer period of time.

In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the invention according to claim 5 appropriately determines the number of detachable fenders to be used in consideration of the length of the parallel line of the ship. The number of detachable fenders used can be set just right. As a result, the use of unnecessary detachable fenders can be suppressed, and the frequency of wear and damage can be reduced.

1 shows a quay wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which some removable fenders are attached to fender holders and some removable fenders are separated. It is a front view showing. It is a perspective view which shows a fixed fender. It is a perspective view which shows a detachable fender. It is a front view of a detachable fender. (A) is a plan view of a detachable fender, and (B) is a side view of the detachable fender. The fender holder is shown, (A) is a front view, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a bottom view, and (D) is a side view. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the detachable fender is attached to a fender holder, where (A) is a front view and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of (A). 1 shows an example of a method of operating fenders using the quay wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a front view of a state corresponding to a small ship, (B) is It is a top view of the same state. 1 shows an example of a method of operating fenders using the quay wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a front view of a state corresponding to a medium-sized ship, (B) is It is a top view of the same state. It is a front view of the state made to correspond to a large ship which shows an example of the operation method of the fender using the quay wall structure by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the state made to correspond to a large ship which shows an example of the operation method of the fender using the quay structure by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Fig. 2 shows a detachable fender according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is a partially cutaway side view. It is a figure which shows the detachable fender by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a front view, (B) is a top view. It shows a state in which the detachable fender according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is attached to the fender holder, (A) is a front view, (B) is YY of (A) 1 is a cross-sectional view on line; FIG. It shows a state in which a detachable fender is attached to a fender holder according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is ZZ of (A) 1 is a cross-sectional view on line; FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the conventional quay structure.

[First embodiment]
(quay wall structure)
FIG. 1 shows a quay wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which some removable fenders are attached to fender holders, and some removable fenders are attached. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fixed fender, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a detachable fender, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the detachable fender. 5 (A) is a plan view of the detachable fender, (B) is a side view of the detachable fender, and FIG. 6 shows a fender holder, ( A) is a front view, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a bottom view, and (D) is a side view, and FIG. 7 shows a state in which a detachable fender is attached to a fender holder. (A) is a front view, and (B) is a sectional view taken along line XX of (A).

Referring to FIG. 1, the quay wall structure K of this embodiment includes a plurality of fixed fenders 10 (10a to 10c) fixed to the standing surface S of the quay G where the ship berths, and on the standing surface S A plurality of fender holders 30 (30a to 30f) installed on the side of the fixed fender 10, and a plurality of detachable fenders 20 detachably attached to each fender holder 30. (20a to 20f). The fixed fender 10 and the detachable fender 20 have the same or similar specifications. Also, in this embodiment, the first distance d1 between the adjacent fixed fenders 10a to 10c and the adjacent detachable fenders 20a to 20a attached to the fender holders 30a to 30f The second distance d2 between the fenders 20f and the third distance d3 between the adjacent fixed fenders 10a (10c) and the removable fenders 20a (20c) are set to be equal. be done.

Referring to FIG. 2, the fixed fender 10 fixed to the standing surface S of the quay G is made of a material such as a rubber material that has elasticity and appropriate rigidity and is excellent in corrosion resistance. An impact receiving portion 11 that contacts the hull of a ship at a projecting position, a pair of support portions 12a and 12b that extend from the impact receiving portion 11 toward a standing surface S, and ends of each of the support portions 12a and 12b. Leg portions 13a and 13b are provided so as to protrude outward from the respective portions and contact the standing surface S. As shown in FIG. The legs 13a and 13b are formed with recesses 15 at appropriate locations, and openings are formed in the bottoms thereof for inserting anchor bolts 50 embedded in the upright surface S. A vertical space 14 is formed between the two supporting portions 12a, 12b and the legs 13a, 13b. The fixed fender 10 has a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape that is substantially rectangular in front view and substantially trapezoid in plan view as a whole. A reinforcing member such as an iron plate may be embedded inside the legs 13a and 13b. The fixed fender 10 is fixed to the upright surface S by inserting the anchor bolt 50 through the openings formed in the legs 13a and 13b and screwing the nut 51 onto the projecting portion of the anchor bolt 50 and tightening it. be.

3 to 5, the basic form of the detachable fender 20 is equivalent to the fixed fender 10 in this example. That is, the detachable fender 20 is made of a material such as a rubber material that has elasticity and appropriate rigidity and is excellent in corrosion resistance. 21, a pair of support portions 22a and 22b extending from the impact receiving portion 21 toward the standing surface S, and end portions of the support portions 22a and 22b provided to protrude outward. A space portion 24 is formed vertically penetrating between the two support portions 22a and 22b and the leg portions 23a and 23b. It has a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape that is substantially trapezoidal in shape. These points are common to the fixed fender 10 . However, since the detachable fender 20 is not fixed to the standing surface S, the recessed portions of the legs 23a and 23b and the openings for inserting the anchor bolts may be provided, but they can be omitted. Moreover, it is possible to omit reinforcing members such as iron plates embedded inside the legs 23a and 23b.

Here, the specifications of the fixed fender 10 and the detachable fender 20 are the same or similar, which means that the form, size and material are the same or similar, as well as the contact position, contact area, etc. when contacting the ship. contact conditions and the magnitude of the acting reaction force are the same or similar.

Referring to FIG. 6, fender holder 30 to which detachable fender 20 is detachably attached is made of steel, stainless steel, or the like subjected to anticorrosion treatment such as hot-dip galvanization. A plate-shaped substrate portion 31 arranged on the surface S, guide portions 32a and 32b fixed near the left and right ends on the surface of the substrate portion 31, and a bottom plate portion 33 arranged at the lower ends of the guide portions 32a and 32b. and The substrate portion 31 is formed with a plurality of openings 35 for inserting anchor bolts. The guide portions 32a and 32b are members having an L-shaped cross section extending in the vertical direction, and are fixed on the surface of the substrate portion 31 with a space therebetween so as to be mirror images of each other. The bottom plate portion 33 closes the openings at the lower ends of the guide portions 32a and 32b to prevent the attached detachable fender 20 from moving downward. Accordingly, the guide portions 32a and 32b are provided with a holding space 32c which is open at the upper end and closed by the bottom plate portion 33 at the lower end. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 34 are provided on the outer surfaces of the guide portions 32a and 32b and the bottom plate portion 33. As shown in FIG.

The height dimension N from the upper end of the fender holder 30 to the bottom plate portion 33 is set substantially equal to the height dimension H (see FIG. 4) of the detachable fender 20 to be mounted. In addition, the distance L between the left and right guide portions 32a and 32b and the distance M in the longitudinal direction from the base plate portion 31 correspond to the width dimension I and the thickness dimension J (Fig. 5) is set to a slightly larger dimension.

The fender holder 30 configured in this way inserts the anchor bolts embedded in the standing surface of the quay into the openings 35 formed in the base plate portion 31, and screws the nuts onto the protruding portions of the anchor bolts. By tightening, it is fixed to the standing surface (see Fig. 1).

Referring to FIG. 7, when the detachable fender 20 is used, the leg portions 23a and 23b of the detachable fender 20 are inserted into the holding spaces 23c of the guide portions 32a and 32b from above. A material 20 can be attached to the fender holder 30 . The lower end surfaces of the leg portions 23a and 23b abut against the bottom plate portion 33 by their own weight, and the front and rear surfaces and the outer side surfaces of the leg portions 23a and 23b are surrounded by the base plate portion 31 and the guide portions 32a and 32b. Since movement is restricted, the detachable fender 20 is held by the fender holder 30 so as not to be easily detached. When the detachable fender 20 is not used, it can be removed from the fender holder 30 by pulling it upward along the guide portions 32a and 32b.

The operation of attaching and detaching the detachable fender 20 to and from the fender holder 30 is carried out by, for example, operating the crane while a wire or the like (not shown) extended from the crane is wound around the impact receiving portion 21 in the vertical direction. Then, the detachable fender 20 can be attached/detached to/from the fender holder 30 by lifting or suspending the detachable fender 20 . During this operation, water or lubricant (not shown) may be used to reduce the frictional resistance between the detachable fender 20 and the guide portions 32a and 32b. Unlike conventional fenders, the detachable fender 20 of this example does not require scaffolding work, nut tightening/removal work, and the like when replacing, so the detachable fender 20 is very easy to detach.

(Operation method)
FIGS. 8 to 10B show an example of a method of operating fenders using the quay wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 8(B) is a plan view of the same state, FIG. 9(A) is a front view of the state adapted to a medium-sized ship, and FIG. 9(B) is a plan view of the same state. FIG. 10A is a front view of a state corresponding to a large ship. FIG. 10B is a plan view of a state corresponding to a large ship. In addition, in each figure, the ship is shown virtually with the dashed-two dotted line.

Hereinafter, a method of operating fenders for coping with berthing of ships having parallel lines of different lengths using the quay wall structure K of this example will be described. With reference to FIG. 1, first, a fixed fender 10 fixed to the standing surface S of the quay G, a fender holder 30 installed on the side of the fixed fender 10 on the standing surface S, A detachable fender 20 detachably attached to the fender holder 30 is prepared (preparation step). Here, the fixed fender 10 and the detachable fender 20 having substantially the same specifications are adopted. Also, in this example, three fixed fenders 10a to 10c are arranged, and three fender holders 30a to 30f are arranged on the left and right sides thereof, and each fender holder 30 Six detachable fenders 20a to 20f are prepared.

As described above, the first distance d1 between the fixed fenders 10 a to 10 c and the distance between the detachable fenders 20 a to 20 f attached to the fender holders 30 a to 30 f respectively and the third distance d3 between the fixed fender 10a (10c) and the detachable fender 20a (20d) are set substantially equal. Therefore, in the state of use, the fixed fenders 10a to 10c and the detachable fenders 20a to 20f can be arranged at approximately equal intervals. Further, since the fixed fender 10 and the detachable fender 20 have the same specifications, the projecting positions of the fixed fender 10 and the detachable fender 20 from the standing surface S are substantially the same.

Referring to FIG. 8, when a small vessel F1 whose parallel line length P1 can be supported only by fixed fenders 10a to 10c is docked with this quay structure K, three fixed fenders It is possible to bring the small boat F1 into berth by contacting only the members 10a to 10c. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach detachable fenders to the fender holders 30a to 30f.

Referring to FIG. 9, when a medium-sized ship F2 whose length P2 of the parallel line cannot be supported by only the fixed fenders 10a to 10c is to be docked, a detachable fender according to the length P2 of the parallel line is used. The material 20 is additionally added (fender addition process). In this example, detachable fenders 20a and 20d are attached to fender holders 30a and 30d adjacent to fixed fenders 10a and 10c, respectively, and a total of five fenders are brought into contact with each other. It enables berthing of F2 (berthing process).

With reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B, when the parallel line length P3 is the upper limit length that this quay structure K can handle, when the large ship F3 is docked, all the fender holders 30a Detachable fenders 20a to 20f are attached to berths to 30f, and a total of 9 fenders make it possible for a large ship F3 to dock.

After the medium-sized or large-sized ship leaves the shore, the detachable fender can be removed from the fender holder, and the initial state of only the fixed fender can be restored (initialization step).

According to the fender operation method using the quay wall structure K of this example, when a ship with a parallel line length that cannot be handled by only fixed fenders berths, it is necessary to attach and detach the fenders. By installing type fenders, it is possible to increase the number of fenders installed and respond immediately. At this time, since the fixed fenders are also effectively used, the number of detachable fenders to be used can be reduced, and the burden of detachment work can be reduced.

Since the fixed fender and the detachable fender have the same or similar specifications, there is no difference in reaction force exerted on the ship between them. As a result, for example, when the small ship shown in FIG. As a result, the degree of freedom in selecting a berthing position is increased, and the berthing operation is facilitated.

To reduce the number of detachable fenders that are subject to wear and damage by returning to the initial state and using only fixed fenders when there is no berthing of large ships in places where small ships dock frequently. can be done. That is, since the detachable fender is used only when a large ship is docked, it is less likely to be worn or damaged, and can be used for a longer period of time.

Since the number of detachable fenders to be used can be appropriately determined in consideration of the size of the ship, especially the length of the parallel line, the number of detachable fenders to be used can be set just right. As a result, the use of unnecessary detachable fenders can be suppressed, and the frequency of wear and damage can be reduced.

[Second embodiment]
FIG. 11 shows a detachable fender according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a front view and (B) is a partially cut side view.

The basic form of the detachable fender 20A according to the second embodiment is common to the detachable fender 20 according to the first embodiment. The detachable fender 20A of this example further includes an auxiliary plate portion 60 attached to the rear surfaces of the leg portions 23a and 23b. The auxiliary plate portion 60 is composed of a plate-like member made of a rust-proof treated iron plate, stainless steel plate, or the like, and is fixed with a plurality of stud bolts 62 at appropriate positions. On the other hand, the legs 23a and 23b are provided with recesses 26 formed in alignment with the fixing positions of the stud bolts 62 and openings 27 formed in the bottoms thereof. The leg portions 23a and 23b and the auxiliary plate portion 60 are integrated by screwing nuts 63 onto projecting portions of stud bolts 62 inserted through the openings 27 and tightening them. A pair of connecting portions 61 formed by bending a metal rod into a U shape are provided near the upper end of the surface side of the auxiliary plate portion 60 .

The connecting portion 61 is used when the detachable fender 20A is lifted up by a crane or the like. That is, when the detachable fender 20A is attached to and detached from the fender holder 30, a hook or the like provided at the tip of the wire of the crane is engaged with the connecting portion 61 to lift and attach the detachable fender 20A. Hanging can be done. Since the hook or the like can be easily engaged with the connecting portion 61, the efficiency of the work of attaching and detaching the detachable fender to and from the fender holder is improved. Further, by arranging the connecting portion 61 near the upper end of the auxiliary plate portion 60, it is possible to easily attach and detach the detachable fender even when the tide level is high.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 12 shows a detachable fender according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a front view and (B) is a plan view.

The basic form of the detachable fender 20B according to the third embodiment is common to the detachable fender 20 according to the first embodiment. The detachable fender 20B of this example has a portion corresponding to the foot portion omitted, and further includes an auxiliary plate portion 70 mounted on the rear surfaces of the support portions 22a and 22b. The auxiliary plate portion 70 is composed of a plate-shaped member made of an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, or the like that has undergone a rust-proof treatment, is fixed to the support portions 22a and 22b with an adhesive or the like, and is positioned outside the support portions 22a and 22b. It has a part that protrudes in the direction. Therefore, when attaching to the fender holder 30, the left and right side end portions of the auxiliary plate portion 70 are configured to be inserted into the holding space of the guide portion.

A pair of connecting portions 71 formed by bending a metal rod into a U shape are provided near the upper end of the surface side of the auxiliary plate portion 70 . This connection part 71 is common to the second embodiment in that it is used when lifting/suspending the detachable fender 20B with a crane or the like.

In this example, since the auxiliary plate portion 70 is attached to and held by the fender holder 30, there is an advantage that the shapes of the impact receiving portion 21 and the support portions 22a and 22b can be changed relatively freely.

[Fourth embodiment]
FIG. 13 shows a state in which a detachable fender according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is attached to a fender holder, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is (A). 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

In the detachable fender 20C of this example, a locking portion 28 larger than the opening size of the upper end opening 36 of the guide portions 32a, 32b of the fender holder 30 is provided at the upper ends of the legs 23a, 23b. . When the detachable fender 20C is attached to the fender holder 30, the engaging portion 28 abuts on the upper ends of the guide portions 32a and 32b to prevent the detachable fender 20C from moving downward. It prevents. Therefore, it is possible to omit the bottom plate portion from the fender holder 30, simplify the structure of the fender holder 30, and facilitate manufacturing.

In this example, a reinforcing member 25 such as an iron plate is embedded inside the leg portions 23a and 23b, and a horizontal reinforcing member 25a integrally connected to the upper ends of the leg portions 23a and 23b is embedded inside the engaging portion 28. be. As a result, the strength of the locking portion 28 that supports the weight of the detachable fender 20C during use can be improved.

[Fifth embodiment]
FIG. 14 shows a state in which a detachable fender is attached to a fender holder according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a front view, and (B) is (A). is a cross-sectional view taken along line ZZ of FIG.

In this embodiment, a lid portion 80 detachably attached to the upper end portion of the fender holder 30 is added to the first embodiment. The lid portion 80 is attached to the reinforcing rib 34 at the upper end of the fender holder 30 with a bolt 90 and closes the upper end opening 36 of the fender holder 30 . In addition, a wedge-shaped projecting portion 81 is provided on the lower surface of the lid portion 80, and when the lid portion 80 is attached to the fender holder 30, the guide portions 32a and 32b and the foot portion of the detachable fender 20 It is inserted into the gap 37 between 23a and 23b.

By blocking the upper end opening 36 of the fender holder 30 with the lid part 80 and preventing upward movement of the detachable fender 20, the detachable fender 20 is detachable by the pressing force acting when the ship comes into contact with it. Since the fender 20 is prevented from being displaced upward, the reaction force acting position can be kept constant. Moreover, since the projecting portion 81 suppresses the longitudinal displacement of the leg portions 23a and 23b in the guide portions 32a and 32b, the stability of the installation state of the detachable fender 20 is improved.

[Other embodiments]
The number of fixed fenders, detachable fenders and fender holders installed is not limited to the number illustrated in the specification and drawings, and can be increased or decreased as appropriate according to the type of ship to be docked. . Therefore, for example, there may be a plurality of fixed fenders and a single fender holder, or a single fixed fender and a plurality of fender holders.

In the above embodiment, the fender holders are installed on both the left and right sides of the fixed fender, but they may be installed on either the left or right side of the fixed fender.

Furthermore, when the fender holders are installed on both the left and right sides of the fixed fender, the detachable fender may be attached to only one of the left and right sides of the fixed fender.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the plurality of fixed fenders and detachable fenders are set at equal intervals, but the intervals may be partially changed. Also, the interval between the fixed fenders and the interval between the detachable fenders may be different.

Furthermore, when a plurality of fender holders are installed, for example, a detachable fender is attached to every other fender holder. A detachable fender may be attached to a fender holder that does not have a fender.

Furthermore, the detachable fender may be installed at a position away from the fixed fender so that it is used only for docking of large vessels. In this case, the distance of the detachable fender from the fixed fender may be set based on the length of the parallel line of the docking vessel.

The fixed fenders and the detachable fenders may have a truncated cone shape or the like in addition to the truncated quadrangular pyramid shape shown in the figure.

Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the left and right guide portions of the fender holder extend parallel to the vertical direction. It may be inclined to In this case, the downward movement of the detachable fender can be prevented even if the bottom plate portion and the locking portion are omitted.

Furthermore, in the second and third embodiments, one detachable fender is provided for one auxiliary plate portion, but a plurality of detachable fenders are provided for one auxiliary plate portion. It is good also as a structure provided.

Furthermore, the shape of the connecting portion in the second and third embodiments may be an L-shape or an I-shape in addition to the U-shape.

Furthermore, the lid portion in the fifth embodiment is configured to cover the entire upper surface of the fender holder. A structure that covers only a part of the upper surface of the tool may be used.

K... Quay structure J... Quay structure (conventional)
G... Wharf S... Standing surface 10... Fixed fenders 10a to 10c... Fixed fenders 11... Impact receiving parts 12a, 12b... Supporting parts 13a, 13b... Foot parts 14... Space parts 15... Recessed parts 20... Removable type Fender 20A ... Detachable fender (second embodiment)
20B... Detachable fender (third embodiment)
20C... Detachable fender (fourth embodiment)
20a to 20f Detachable fender 21 Impact receiving portion 22a, 22b Supporting portion 23a, 23b Foot portion 24 Space portion 25 Reinforcement member 25a Horizontal reinforcement member 26 Recess 27 Opening 28 Engagement Stopping portion 30 Fender holder 31 Board portion 32a, 32b Guide portion 32c Holding space 33 Bottom plate portion 34 Reinforcing rib 35 Opening 36 Upper end opening 37 Gap 40 Fender (conventional )
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 41... Impact receiving part 42a, 42b... Support part 43a, 43b... Foot part 44... Space part 50... Anchor bolt 51... Nut 60... Auxiliary plate part 61... Connection part 62... Stud bolt 63... Nut 70... Auxiliary plate part 71... Connecting part 80... Lid part 81... Protruding part 90... Bolt F1... Small ship F2... Medium size ship F3... Large size ship P1, P2, P3... Length of parallel line In each figure, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. indicates

Claims (5)

A fixed fender fixed to an upright surface facing the side portion of the ship on the quay where the ship berths;
A fender holder installed on the side of the fixed fender on the standing surface;
A detachable fender that is detachably attached to the fender holder,
The fixed fender and the detachable fender have the same projection position from the standing surface and are designed so that there is no difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between them ,
The detachable fender is attached to the fender holder so that the installation range of the fixed fender and the detachable fender on the standing surface is at least the length of the parallel line of the ship or more. The quay wall structure attached to the
The fixed fenders, the detachable fenders, and the fender holders each include a plurality of pieces,
a first spacing between adjacent fixed fenders; a second spacing between adjacent removable fenders mounted on a plurality of fender holders; 2. The quay wall structure according to claim 1, wherein said fixed fenders and said detachable fenders are set to have the same third spacing. A fixed fender fixed to an upright surface facing a side portion of the ship on the wharf where the ship berths; A fender holder installed on the side of the fixed fender on the upright surface; It is detachably attached to the fender holder, and has the same protrusion position from the standing surface as the fixed fender, and does not cause a difference in the reaction force exerted on the ship between the fixed fender and the fixed fender. A preparatory step of preparing a detachable fender with specifications,
The detachable fender is attached to the fender holder so that the installation range of the fixed fender and the detachable fender on the standing surface is at least the length of the parallel line of the ship or more. Fender addition process to be attached to,
A method of operating a fender, comprising a step of bringing the fixed fender and the detachable fender into contact with the ship that is docking. 4. The method of operating a fender according to claim 3, further comprising an initialization step of removing said detachable fender and returning it to its initial state after said step of coming alongside. Each of the detachable fenders and the fender holders includes a plurality of pieces,
The fender adding step includes a step of attaching a number of the detachable fenders determined based on the length of the parallel line of the berthing ship to the fender holder. Item 4. A method of operating the fender according to item 4.

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