JP7133623B2 - 芳香族化の前の抽出による芳香族化合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
芳香族化の前の抽出による芳香族化合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7133623B2 JP7133623B2 JP2020529158A JP2020529158A JP7133623B2 JP 7133623 B2 JP7133623 B2 JP 7133623B2 JP 2020529158 A JP2020529158 A JP 2020529158A JP 2020529158 A JP2020529158 A JP 2020529158A JP 7133623 B2 JP7133623 B2 JP 7133623B2
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C10G61/02—Treatment of naphtha by at least one reforming process and at least one process of refining in the absence of hydrogen plural serial stages only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G2300/1096—Aromatics or polyaromatics
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
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Description
- ナフサの流れを、分画ユニットに送り、C7以下の軽質の炭化水素を含んでいる第1の流れと、より重質の炭化水素を含んでいる第2の流れとを生じさせる段階;
- 第1の流れを、第1の改質ユニットに送り、第1の流出物を生じさせる段階;
- 第2の流れを、第2の改質ユニットに、第1の改質ユニットに適用された温度より高い温度で送り、第2の流出物を生じさせる段階;
- 第1の流出物および第2の流出物を、リフォメート分離塔に送り、これにより、頂部流れと、底部流れとを作り出す段階;
- 頂部流れを、芳香族化合物の精製のためのユニットに送り、これにより、C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を含んでいる芳香族化合物の精製済みの流れと、ラフィネート流れとを作り出す段階;
- ラフィネート流れを、第1の改質ユニットに再循環させる段階
を含む、方法が開示されている。
本発明の目的は、ナフサタイプの炭化水素供給原料からのC6-C7の芳香族化合物の製造のための方法であって、以下の段階:
a) 前記供給原料を、第1の分画ユニットに送り、C6およびC7の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる上部流れと、C8~C10の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる下部流れとを得る、段階;
b) 上部流れおよび段階e)の終結の際に得られたC6-C7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる流れを、芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニットに送り、芳香族化合物ベースと、液体流出物とを得る段階;
c) 液体流出物を、第1の接触改質ユニットに送り、第1のリフォメート流出物を得る段階;
d) 前記第1のリフォメート流出物を、リフォメート分離セクションに送り、C5の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる第1の流れと、C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れとを得る段階;
e) C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れを、少なくとも一部において、段階b)に再循環させる段階
を含む、方法である。
(定義)
芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニットは、種々の分画ユニット(この分画は、吸着、蒸留、抽出蒸留、液/液抽出または結晶化によるかどうか)、および/または、転化ユニット(この転化は、芳香族化合物の再配置、例えば、選択的または非選択的なトランスアルキル化または不均化のための方法であるかどうか)、芳香族化合物の脱アルキル化またはアルキル化のためのユニット、さらには、エチルベンゼンの脱アルキル化を伴うまたは伴わないキシレン類の異性化のためのユニットの組み合わせを意味する。アロマティックコンプレクスの生成物は、主に、ここでは「芳香族ベース(aromatic bases)」として知られている石油化学中間体、例えば、ベンゼン、パラキシレン、オルトキシレン、メタキシレン、キシレン類留分、エチルベンゼン、スチレンモノマー、クメンまたは直鎖アルキルベンゼン類、さらには、石油ベースを形成するための成分、例えば、トルエン、または重質芳香族留分である。必要であるならば、アロマティックコンプレクスに入る供給原料は、水素化処理され得る。
本発明は、C6~C10の炭化水素を主として含んでいるナフサ留分からの芳香族化合物、特には、ベンゼンおよびトルエンの製造方法に関する。本発明によると、本方法は、以下の段階:
a) 前記供給原料を、第1の分画ユニットに送り、C6およびC7の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる上部流れと、C8~C10の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる下部流れとを得る段階;
b) 上部流れおよび工程e)の終結の際に得られるC6-C7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる流れを、芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニットに送り、芳香族化合物ベースと、液体流出物とを得る段階;
c) 液体流出物を、第1の接触改質ユニットに送り、第1のリフォメート流出物を得る段階;
d) リフォメート流出物を、リフォメート分離セクションに送り、C5の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる第1の流れと、C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れとを得る段階;
e) C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れを、少なくとも一部について、工程b)に再循環させる段階
を含む。
以下の実施例は、2つの処理スキームを比較する:本発明に合致しないスキームは、芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニットを含んでおり、これは、接触改質ユニットの下流に配置され(図3を参照)、本発明に合致するスキームは、芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニットを含んでおり、これは、接触改質ユニットの上流に配置されている(図1または図2を参照)。
- 15℃における密度=0.758kg/dm3;
- 重量による分配:供給原料の全重量に対して、パラフィン49.55重量%、ナフテン2.7重量%および芳香族化合物47.7重量%。
従来技術に合致する方法のスキームは図3に対応している。
温度=470℃;
圧力=0.39MPa;
P.P.H.=1h-1;
H2/HC=1.5。
実施例2の本発明に合致する方法のスキームは、図1において記載されたものに対応している。
温度=470℃;
圧力=0.39MPa;
P.P.H.=1h-1;
H2/HC=1.5。
本発明に合致しない実施例1の状況および本発明に合致する実施例2の状況において、第1の接触改質ユニットにおいて用いられた触媒上に得られたコークの形成は、等温条件下に試作ユニット上で加速された仕方で、工業スケールで行われた方法との比較においてシミュレートされる。制限される期間にわたって試験を行う(本実施例において、15日の期間)。この試験は、それ故に、触媒の加速された経時変化をシミュレートする。
Claims (14)
- ナフサタイプの炭化水素供給原料からC6-C7の芳香族化合物を製造する方法であって、以下の段階:
a) 前記供給原料(1)を、第1の分画ユニット(2)に送り、C6およびC7の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる上部流れ(3)と、C8~C10の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる下部流れ(4)とを得る段階;
b) 上部流れ(3)および段階e)の終結の際に得られたC6-C7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる流れ(12)を、芳香族化合物の抽出のためのユニット(5)に送り、芳香族化合物ベース(6)と、液体流出物(7)とを得る段階;
c) 液体流出物(7)を、第1の接触改質ユニット(8)に送り、第1のリフォメート流出物(9)を得る段階;
d) 前記第1のリフォメート流出物(9)を、リフォメート分離セクション(10)に送り、C5の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる第1の流れ(11)と、C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れ(12)とを得る段階;
e) C6およびC7の芳香族化合物を主として含んでいる第2の流れ(15)を、少なくとも一部において、段階b)に再循環させる段階
を含む、方法。 - 第1の接触改質ユニットにおける液体流出物の接触改質を行う際の温度は、400℃~600℃であり、圧力は、0.1~3MPaであり、水素対液体流出物の炭化水素のモル比は、0.8~8mol/molであり、触媒の重量の単位当たりかつ時間当たりの処理されるべき流れの重量による流量は、1~10h-1である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- C8~C10の炭化水素化合物を主として含んでいる下部流れ(4)を、第2の接触改質ユニット(16)に送り、第2のリフォメート流出物(17)を得る、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 第2の接触改質ユニットにおいて下部流れ(4)の接触改質を行う際の温度は、400℃~600℃であり、圧力は、0.1~3MPaであり、水素対下部流れの炭化水素のモル比は、0.8~8mol/molであり、触媒の重量の単位当たりかつ時間当たりの処理されるべき流れの重量による流量は、0.1~10h-1である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記第2のリフォメート流出物(17)を、前記第1のリフォメート流出物(9)と一緒に前記リフォメート分離セクション(10)に送る、請求項3または4に記載の方法。
- 段階a)とb)との間に、上部流れ(3)の水素化脱硫の段階を水素化処理ユニット(13)において行う、請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 下部流れ(4)の水素化脱硫の段階を、第2の接触改質反応器(16)の上流に置かれた水素化処理ユニット(13)において行う、請求項3~6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 第1の接触改質ユニットが含んでいる触媒は、単独でまたは混合物として利用される白金、亜鉛またはモリブデンから選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属を含む活性相と、ゼオライトL、ゼオライトX、ゼオライトYまたはゼオライトZSM-5から選ばれるゼオライトを含む担体と、場合による、アルミノケイ酸塩、アルミナ、シリカ、粘土または炭化ケイ素から選ばれるバインダとを含んでいる、請求項1~7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 触媒が含んでいる活性相は、白金を含んでいる、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記ゼオライトは、ゼオライトLである、請求項8または9に記載の方法。
- 前記バインダは、シリカである、請求項8~10のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 触媒は、少なくとも1種のドーピング金属をさらに含んでおり、該ドーピング金属は、ガリウム、金、ニッケル、レニウム、バリウム、銀、鉄、ビスマス、インジウム、イットリウム、セリウム、ジスプロシウムおよびイッテルビウムによって形成される群から選ばれ、これらは、単独でまたは混合物として利用される、請求項8~11のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 触媒は、塩素またはフッ素から選ばれる少なくとも1種のハロゲンをさらに含んでいる、請求項8~12のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 第2の接触改質ユニットが含んでいる触媒は、ニッケル、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、イリジウムまたは白金から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属、レニウム、スズ、ゲルマニウム、コバルト、ニッケル、イリジウム、ロジウムまたはルテニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種のプロモータを含む活性相と、アルミナ、シリカ/アルミナまたはシリカをベースとする担体とを含んでいる、請求項3~13のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
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