JP7122203B2 - Embankment body drilling method and discharge pipe construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bank body drilling method for forming a through hole in an existing dam and a discharge pipe construction method for newly installing a discharge pipe in an existing dam.

In existing dams, discharge facilities and water intake facilities (hereinafter simply referred to as "discharge facilities, etc.") may be formed for the purpose of updating existing discharge facilities and protecting the downstream river environment. When newly forming a discharge facility, etc., it is necessary to form a through hole in the bank.
As a method for forming a through-hole in a bank body, Patent Document 1 discloses that after excavating the bank body from the downstream side to the upstream side while leaving an unexcavated section on the upstream side of the bank body, A method of forming through holes is disclosed in which an unexcavated section is divided into a plurality of blocks and the blocks are carried out from the upstream side. In the through-hole forming method of Patent Document 1, by performing a temporary cofferdam on the upstream side of the cut-off wall, a work space is secured on the upstream side of the cut-off wall and water is prevented from flowing into the through-hole during construction. ing.

JP 2015-143449 A

Temporary cofferdam facilities are formed in the water on the upstream side (reservoir side) of the cut-off wall, so it takes time and effort to install them. In addition, since the temporary cofferdam facility must have sufficient strength against the water pressure of the stored water, it is large in scale and expensive. On the other hand, when forming a through hole in an existing dam in service, it is desirable to form it quickly and inexpensively. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a bank body drilling method and a discharge pipe construction method that can reduce labor and costs during construction.

A bank body drilling method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises a drilling step of drilling a bank body to form a horizontal hole with a bottom; and a penetrating step of drilling and penetrating the horizontal hole. The drilling step includes cutting the bank from the downstream side to divide the formation region of the horizontal hole into a leading region and a trailing region, and separating the trailing region from the bank in the leading region and the trailing region. and a work of extracting the blocked block from the downstream side of the cut-off wall. In the preceding region, after cutting the periphery of the preceding region by forming a plurality of horizontal boring holes in series, a plurality of holes are formed on the upper side of the block in the preceding region with spacers arranged deep and under the block. The upstream side of the block is cleaved using a jack installed in a portion of the horizontal borehole. In the trailing region, after cutting the periphery with a wire saw, a burster hole is drilled from the leading region, and a jack installed in the burster hole is used to cut the blocks in the trailing region. Cleave the upstream side. The piercing step is performed when the dam water level is lowered.
Further, the discharge pipe construction method of the present invention includes the steps of piping a pipe material into the horizontal hole, and filling a gap between the outer surface of the pipe material and the wall surface of the horizontal hole with a filler.
According to the embankment body drilling method and the discharge pipe construction method, since the horizontal hole is penetrated when the water level of the dam drops, there is no need to provide a temporary cofferdam facility upstream of the embankment body. In addition, since the blocks are pulled out from the downstream side of the embankment, there is no need to provide a temporary cofferdam facility on the upstream side to form a working space. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required for installing temporary cofferdam facilities, and as a result, it is possible to shorten the construction period and reduce the cost of the entire construction work.

In addition , it is possible to reduce the labor required for cutting the block in the tunnel (inside the horizontal hole). That is, since the block is pulled out after creating a crack on the upstream side, there is no need to install a device for cutting the block on the upstream side. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required to install the cutting device.
By dividing the horizontal hole into a leading area and a trailing area, construction of the trailing area can be performed using the space formed by the construction of the leading area, resulting in excellent workability.
In addition , it is desirable to further include a wall surface treatment step of performing wall surface treatment of the lateral hole . It is desirable to use a small unmanned construction machine for wall treatment.

According to the bank body drilling method and the discharge pipe construction method of the present invention, since the horizontal hole is made to penetrate when the water level of the dam drops, there is no need to provide temporary cofferdam equipment upstream of the bank body. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and costs required to install temporary cofferdam facilities, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the labor and costs of constructing discharge facilities and the like in existing dams.

It is sectional drawing which shows a bank body typically. It is a figure which shows a horizontal hole, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view, (c) is sectional drawing of a penetration part, (d) is sectional drawing of a general part. It is a figure which shows the preparation process of a discharge pipe construction method, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the drilling process of a discharge pipe construction method, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the drilling process following FIG. 4, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the drilling process following FIG. 5, (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a front view. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a drilling step following FIG. 6 ; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a drilling step following FIG. 7 ; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a drilling step following FIG. 8 ; It is sectional drawing which shows the wall surface treatment process of a discharge pipe construction method.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the existing gravity concrete dam (bank body 1) is installed with a discharge facility (discharge pipe 2 ) is newly established. The new installation work of the discharge facility is performed by forming a through hole (horizontal hole 3) in the bank body 1 and connecting the discharge pipe 2 to this through hole.
As shown in FIG. 2(b), the discharge pipe 2 is laid with a gradient of about 7% so that it becomes lower from the upstream side of the bank body 1 toward the downstream side.
The lateral hole 3 is also formed with a gradient of about 7%, similar to the discharge pipe 2 . As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, the horizontal hole 3 is formed between a general portion 31 having a horseshoe-shaped cross section, a through portion 33 having a rectangular cross section, and the general portion 31 and the through portion 33. and a sling portion 32 . The cross-sectional shape of the horizontal hole 3 is not limited, and may be the same shape over the entire length, for example. Moreover, the gradients of the discharge pipe 2 and the horizontal hole 3 are not limited.
The discharge pipe construction method includes a preparation process, a drilling process, a penetration process, a wall surface treatment process, and a discharge pipe formation process.

In the preparation process, a temporary gantry 4 is formed downstream of the bank 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3(a). The temporary gantry 4 is formed by a frame 41 formed by combining steel materials and a plurality of lining plates 42 covering the top surface of the frame 41 . In this embodiment, a temporary gantry 4 is fixed to the intermediate portion of the downstream surface of the bank 1 using a crane (not shown) installed on the top of the bank 1 . In addition, the configuration and installation location of the temporary gantry 4 are not limited. Moreover, the installation location of the crane is not limited. The temporary gantry 4 provides a space necessary for drilling the bank 1 (a space for installing each device) and a block 5 (see FIG. It has the necessary width and strength to perform splitting.

In the drilling step, the bank body 1 is drilled to drill the general portion 31 (to form the bottomed horizontal hole 3). The drilling process is performed when the water is flooded (flood season), and the work is performed in a state where the water level of the dam is higher than the upper end of the upstream end of the horizontal hole 3 (through portion 33). In addition, the time to implement a drilling process is not limited.
The drilling process includes a work of cutting the bank body 1 from the downstream side to divide (divide) the formation region of the horizontal hole 3 into a plurality of blocks 5, and a work of extracting the blocks 5 from the downstream side of the bank body 1. I have. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Construction of the lower half region 35 is performed later.
As shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the construction of the upper half region 34 is carried out by forming a plurality of horizontal boring holes 6, 6, . . . to cut The horizontal boring hole 6 is formed without penetrating the bank body 1, leaving the thickness of the rubbing part 32 and the through part 33 on the upstream side of the bank body 1.例文帳に追加

Next, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), jacks (hydraulic jacks) 7 are installed in some of the plurality of horizontal boring holes 6 (burster holes) formed on the upper side of the block 5. is used to cleave the block 5 upstream. That is, by widening the clearance above the block 5 formed by the horizontal boring hole 6, a load is applied to the upstream side of the block 5 to cause cracking. At this time, a spacer 71 is installed in the gap below the cleaved portion (upstream end) of the block 5 . Although the material constituting the spacer 71 is not limited, concrete debris is inserted in the present embodiment. When the gap above the block 5 is widened while the spacer 71 is arranged at the back of the block 5, splitting occurs with the spacer 71 as a fulcrum. In addition, the number and arrangement of the jacks 7 used when splitting the block 5 are not limited. Moreover, the jack 7 used when splitting the block 5 is not limited to a hydraulic jack, and may be an air jack or a mechanical jack.

By splitting the upstream side, the block 5 separated from the bank 1 is extracted from the downstream side of the bank 1 as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b). In this embodiment, the chain block 51 is used to pull out the block 5 . The chain block 51 is attached to a support member 43 formed on the temporary gantry 4 . Also, a locking member (not shown) is inserted into the downstream side of the block 5 . After the hook of the chain block 51 is engaged with the engaging member fixed to the block 5 , the block 5 is pulled out onto the temporary gantry 4 by operating the chain block 51 . The pull-out device used when pulling out the block 5 is not limited to the chain block 51, and for example, a winch may be used.
In this embodiment, the weight of each block 5 to be pulled out is set to about 24 tons or less, the coefficient of slip on the concrete surface in the horizontal hole 3 is set to 0.5, and the pull-out load is set to about 12 tons, and the capacity of the chain block 51 is set. did. The shape (weight) of the block 5 to be extracted and the capacity of the chain block 51 may be appropriately set.
The blocks 5 pulled out onto the temporary gantry 4 are divided into small pieces on the temporary gantry 4 so that they can be lifted by a crane, and then lifted by a crane installed on the top of the embankment 1 and carried out.
By repeating the work of cutting the circumference of the block 5, the work of splitting the upstream side of the block 5, and the work of extracting the block 5, a hole (upper half lateral hole 36) is formed in the upper half region 34 of a predetermined depth. ) (see FIG. 7).

As shown in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b), the lower half region 35 is constructed by first performing vertical boring and horizontal boring from the downstream side (pithead side) of the embankment body 1 and the upper half horizontal hole 36, A wire saw pilot hole, edge cutting hole, and burster hole 61 are formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the periphery of the block 5 having a predetermined shape is cut with a wire saw 8 using the wire saw pilot hole and the edge cut hole. Next, using a hydraulic jack (not shown) installed in a burster hole (vertical boring hole) 61 formed at the upstream end of the block 5 cut from the trailing region, the upstream side of the block 5 is split the The block 5 separated from the bank body 1 by splitting the upstream side is extracted from the downstream side of the bank body 1. - 特許庁In this embodiment, the block 5 is pulled out using a chain block 51 (see FIG. 6). The chain block 51 is attached to a support member 43 formed on the temporary gantry 4 . Also, a locking member is inserted into the downstream side of the block 5 . After the hook of the chain block 51 is engaged with the engaging member fixed to the block 5 , the block 5 is pulled out onto the temporary gantry 4 by operating the chain block 51 . The blocks 5 pulled out onto the temporary gantry 4 are divided into small pieces on the temporary gantry 4 so that they can be lifted by a crane, and then lifted by a crane installed on the top of the embankment 1 and carried out.
By repeating the work of cutting the periphery of the block 5, the work of splitting the upstream side of the block 5, and the work of extracting the block 5, a hole having the same depth as the upper half horizontal hole 36 is formed (upper A bottomed horizontal hole 3 is formed by widening the semi-horizontal hole 36 .

In the piercing step, the bottom of the horizontal hole 3 (the rubbed portion 32 and the through portion 33) is drilled from the downstream side of the bank body 1 to allow the horizontal hole 3 to penetrate therethrough. The piercing process is performed during a non-flood season (dry season) when the dam water level is lower than the upstream end of the horizontal hole 3 . In the piercing step, first, the rubbed portion 32 is drilled from the downstream side of the bank body 1 . In the same manner as the construction of the general portion 31, the rubbed portion 32 is formed by cutting the bank 1 from the downstream side to divide (divide) the formation region of the horizontal hole 3 into a plurality of blocks 5, and dividing the blocks 5 into smaller blocks 5. and extracting from the downstream side of the body 1. In the present embodiment, first, an upper half area (preceding area) 34 and a lower half area (following area) 35 are divided, and construction of the lower half area 35 is performed after construction of the upper half area 34 . The details of the construction of the upper half region 34 and the lower half region 35 are the same as those shown in the drilling process, so detailed explanations are omitted.
After the drilling of the rubbed portion 32 is completed, the through portion 33 is drilled. The penetrating portion 33 is cut around the penetrating portion 33 by connecting a plurality of horizontal boring holes 6 in a rectangular shape from the upstream side of the bank body 1 . Next, after the concrete mass of the through portion 33 is divided into a plurality of blocks 5, the blocks 5 are carried out from the downstream side.
Note that the drilling of the rubbed portion 32 and the through portion 33 may be performed by drilling holes having the same cross section as the general portion 31 to penetrate the horizontal hole 3 , and then widening the upstream end of the horizontal hole 3 .

In the wall surface treatment step, as shown in FIG. 10, the wall surface of the horizontal hole 3 is treated. The wall surface of the horizontal hole 3 has a corrugated surface formed unevenly by the series of horizontal boring holes 6 and a smooth surface formed by cutting with a wire saw 8 . In this embodiment, the corrugated surface is shaped, and the smooth surface is chipped for the purpose of improving adhesion to the filler. These wall treatments are performed by the operator H remotely operating the unmanned construction machine M. FIG. The wall treatment does not necessarily have to be performed by the unmanned construction machine M, and may be performed by using a manned backhoe or the like, for example. Moreover, the wall treatment may be performed manually using an electric hammer or the like.

In the discharge pipe forming step, the discharge pipe 2 is formed using the horizontal hole 3 (through hole). The discharge pipe forming process includes piping work and filling work.
In the piping work, pipes are laid in the lateral holes 3 to form pipelines. The pipe line (discharge pipe 2 ) is formed by connecting a plurality of pipe members having an outer diameter smaller than that of the horizontal hole 3 from the upstream side of the horizontal hole 3 . The method of forming the discharge pipe 2 is not limited, and for example, it may be formed by placing concrete, or by arranging a box culvert or the like. Moreover, the material constituting the pipe material is not limited, and may be, for example, a steel pipe, a concrete pipe, or a vinyl chloride pipe.
In the filling operation, the gap between the outer surface of the discharge pipe (pipe material) 2 formed in the horizontal hole 3 and the wall surface of the horizontal hole 3 is filled with the filler. In this embodiment, concrete is used as the filler. In addition, the material constituting the filler is not limited, and may be, for example, mortar. In addition, a reinforcing bar may be arranged in the gap between the discharge pipe 2 and the wall surface of the horizontal hole 3 as necessary.

According to the bank body drilling method and the discharge pipe construction method of the present embodiment, the horizontal hole 3 is penetrated when the dam water level is lowered, and the block 5 accompanying the drilling of the horizontal hole 3 is extracted from the downstream side of the bank body 1. Therefore, there is no need to provide a temporary cofferdam facility on the upstream side to form a working space. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and costs required for installing temporary cofferdam facilities, and as a result, it is possible to shorten the construction period and reduce costs for the entire construction work.
In addition, since the upstream side of the block 5 is split after cutting the periphery of the block 5, it is possible to reduce the labor required for cutting the block 5 in the tunnel (inside the horizontal hole 3). That is, since the block 5 is extracted by creating a crack on the upstream side, there is no need to install a device for cutting the block 5 on the upstream side. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required to install the cutting device.
In addition, since the horizontal hole 3 is divided into the upper half region 34 and the lower half region 35 and drilled, the space (upper half horizontal hole 36) formed by the construction of the upper half region 34 is replaced by the construction of the lower half region 35. can be used for Installation of the wire saw 8 and cutting out of the block 5 are facilitated by constructing the lower half region 35 from its upper surface.
Moreover, since the wall surfaces of the lateral holes 3 are treated, the adhesion of the filler is excellent.
In addition, since a small unmanned construction machine M is used for wall treatment, the safety of workers (operators H) is ensured. That is, since the unmanned construction machine M is used for cutting work and chipping work in a narrow space, there is a low possibility that a concrete piece that bounces off during cutting will come into contact with a worker. In addition, since the operator H performs operations at a remote location, the safety of the operator H can be ensured even in construction work at a location where there is a risk of collapse from above. In addition, since the unmanned construction machine M does not require a cabin or the like, it is more compact than a manned construction machine of the same size. Therefore, it is possible to use a machine with a higher capacity than when using a manned construction machine, and it is possible to shorten the construction period due to the superior cutting capacity.

Although the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and each constituent element can be appropriately modified within the scope of the present invention.
For example, the embankment body 1 forming the horizontal hole 3 is not limited to a concrete gravity dam.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the horizontal hole having a predetermined cross-sectional area is divided into the upper half region (preceding region) 34 and the lower half region (following region) 35, and the lower side of the preceding region is widened. 3, but the leading and trailing regions do not necessarily have to be arranged one above the other. For example, a trailing region may be formed on the side of the leading region to widen the leading region in the horizontal direction. That is, the trailing region may be set in any direction around the leading region. Also, there may be a plurality of trailing regions. Moreover, the construction of the horizontal hole 3 does not necessarily have to be divided into a plurality of areas.

1 bank body 2 discharge pipe 3 horizontal hole 31 general part 32 rubbing part 33 penetration part 34 upper half area (preceding area)
35 lower half area (following area)
4 Temporary gantry 5 Block 6 Horizontal boring hole 8 Wire saw

Claims (3)

a drilling step of drilling a bank body to form a horizontal hole with a bottom;
and a penetration step of drilling the bottom of the horizontal hole to penetrate the horizontal hole,
The drilling step includes
an operation of cutting the bank body from the downstream side to divide the formation region of the horizontal hole into a leading region and a trailing region ;
extracting blocks separated from the bank in the leading region and the trailing region from the downstream side of the bank;
In the preceding region, after cutting the periphery of the preceding region by forming a plurality of horizontal boring holes in series, a plurality of holes are formed on the upper side of the block in the preceding region with spacers arranged deep and under the block. Cracking the upstream side of the block using a jack installed in a part of the horizontal boring hole,
In the trailing region, after cutting the periphery with a wire saw, a burster hole is drilled from the leading region, and a jack installed in the burster hole is used to make the upstream side of the block in the trailing region split the
A cut-off wall drilling method, wherein the penetrating step is performed when the water level of the dam is lowered. The bank body drilling method according to claim 1 , further comprising a wall surface treatment step of performing wall surface treatment of the horizontal hole. a drilling step of drilling a bank body to form a horizontal hole with a bottom;
a piercing step of drilling a bottom portion of the horizontal hole to penetrate the horizontal hole;
A discharge pipe construction method comprising a discharge pipe forming step of forming a discharge pipe using the horizontal hole,
The drilling step includes
an operation of cutting the bank body from the downstream side to divide the formation region of the horizontal hole into a plurality of blocks;
and extracting the block from the downstream side of the bank body,
The penetration step is performed when the dam water level is lowered,
The discharge pipe forming step includes an operation of piping a pipe material into the horizontal hole, and an operation of filling a gap between the outer surface of the pipe material and the wall surface of the horizontal hole with a filler. Body drilling method.

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