JP7103071B2 - 車両用電源システム - Google Patents
車両用電源システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP7103071B2 JP7103071B2 JP2018161527A JP2018161527A JP7103071B2 JP 7103071 B2 JP7103071 B2 JP 7103071B2 JP 2018161527 A JP2018161527 A JP 2018161527A JP 2018161527 A JP2018161527 A JP 2018161527A JP 7103071 B2 JP7103071 B2 JP 7103071B2
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- battery
- dcdc converter
- supply system
- power
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- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
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- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明では、自動運転システムの電源系を車載インフラの電源系から切り離した電源システムを構築する。これにより、自動運転システムの電源系が車載インフラの電源系で生じる電圧変動の影響を受けなくなる。よって、自動運転システムの電源系を安定させることができる。また、自動運転システムの電源ラインを、DCDCコンバータからの電源ラインとバッテリからの電源ラインとの2配線とする。これにより、一方の電源ラインに異常が生じても、自動運転システムへの電力供給を他方の電源ラインによって継続することができる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る車両用電源システム1の概略構成を示す図である。図1に示した車両用電源システム1は、第1のDCDCコンバータ(DDC)21、接続制御部51、及び第1のバッテリ31を備え、第1の負荷41を接続した第1の電源系100と、第2のDCDCコンバータ(DDC)22及び第2のバッテリ32を備え、第2の負荷42を接続した第2の電源系200と、接続制御器23及び第3のバッテリ33を備え、第3の負荷43を接続した第3の電源系300と、高圧電池10と、で構成されている。車両用電源システム1は、自動運転が可能なハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車などに搭載される。
第1の電源系100は、例えば、OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturing)事業者や、MaaS(Mobility-as-a-Service)事業者などから車両に提供される自動運転を実施するための自動運転システムを構成する機器などの負荷に対して、負荷動作用の電力を供給するための電源系統である。この自動運転システムを構成する機器は、出荷時に車両に予め導入されてもよいし、出荷後に車両に導入(後付けで実装)されてもよい。この第1の電源系100は、後述する車載インフラ向けの第2の電源系200及び第3の電源系300と切り離して構築される。
第2の電源系200は、OEM事業者やMaaS事業者などから設計後に提供される機能以外の、設計当初の車両に搭載された各種機能を実現するために構築された車載インフラに接続された各負荷に対して、負荷動作用の電力を供給するための電源系統である。
第3の電源系300は、第2の電源系200のバックアップを目的として冗長的に構成された電源系統である。この第3の電源系300は、第2の電源系200において電源失陥が生じた場合など、緊急時に車両を安全に退避行動させるために必要な負荷を継続して動作させることが可能なように構成されている。
上述した第1の電源系100、第2の電源系200、及び第3の電源系300で構成された車両用電源システム1で実現可能な作用の一例を説明する。
以上のように、本実施形態に係る車両用電源システム1によれば、自動運転システム411が接続された第1の電源系100を車載インフラの第2の電源系200及び第3の電源系300と切り離している。これにより、車載インフラの第2の負荷42及び第3の負荷43によって生じる電圧変動を、自動運転システム411が接続された第1の電源系100が受けることがない。従って、フェールセーフに対応しつつ自動運転システム411の電源系を安定させることができ、自動運転を最適に動作させることができる。
10 高圧電池
21、22 DCDCコンバータ(DDC)
23 接続制御器
31~33 バッテリ
41~43 負荷
51 接続制御部
100、200、300 電源系
411 自動運転システム
511 カップリングデバイス(CD)
512、513 整流素子
Claims (4)
- 高圧電池と、当該高圧電池から電力が供給される第1、第2、及び第3の電源系とを備える車両用電源システムであって、
前記第1の電源系は、
自動運転システム及び当該自動運転システム以外の自動運転に関わる機器を少なくとも含む第1の負荷を接続し、
前記高圧電池から供給される電力を電圧変換して出力する第1のDCDCコンバータと、
前記第1のDCDCコンバータの出力電力で充電可能な第1のバッテリと、
前記第1のDCDCコンバータと前記第1のバッテリとの間に挿入され、前記第1のDCDCコンバータ及び前記第1のバッテリと前記自動運転システムとの接続状態を制御する接続制御部と、を備え、
前記自動運転システムは、前記第1のDCDCコンバータと前記接続制御部とを接続する第1の電源ライン、及び前記第1のバッテリと前記接続制御部とを接続する第2の電源ラインのそれぞれと、電力供給可能に接続され、
前記自動運転システム以外の自動運転に関わる機器は、前記第1の電源ラインと電力供給可能に接続され、
前記第2の電源系は、
ステアリングECU、ブレーキECU、及び前記自動運転システムとの間で制御情報を送受信する情報通信部を少なくとも含む第2の負荷を接続し、
前記高圧電池から供給される電力を電圧変換して出力する第2のDCDCコンバータと、
前記第2のDCDCコンバータの出力電力で充電可能な第2のバッテリと、を備え、
前記第2のDCDCコンバータの出力電力及び前記第2のバッテリの電力を前記第2の負荷に供給し、
前記第3の電源系は、
ステアリングECU、ブレーキECU、及び前記情報通信部を少なくとも含む第3の負荷を接続し、
前記第2のDCDCコンバータと前記第3の負荷との接続状態を制御する接続制御器と、
前記接続制御器を介して出力される電力で充電可能な第3のバッテリと、を備え、
前記接続制御器を介して出力される電力及び前記第3のバッテリの電力を前記第3の負荷に供給する、
車両用電源システム。 - 前記接続制御部は、
前記第1のDCDCコンバータと前記第1のバッテリとの接続状態を制御可能なカップリングデバイスと、
前記第1のDCDCコンバータと前記カップリングデバイスとを接続する前記第1の電源ラインと前記自動運転システムの電源ラインとの間に設けられ、前記第1のDCDCコンバータから前記自動運転システムに向かって整流する第1の整流素子と、
前記第1のバッテリと前記カップリングデバイスとを接続する前記第2の電源ラインと前記自動運転システムの電源ラインとの間に設けられ、前記第1のバッテリから前記自動運転システムに向かって整流する第2の整流素子と、を備える、
請求項1に記載の車両用電源システム。 - 前記カップリングデバイスは、前記第1のDCDCコンバータ及び前記第1のバッテリのいずれかで異常が生じた場合、前記第1のバッテリを前記第1のDCDCコンバータから電気的に切り離す、
請求項2に記載の車両用電源システム。 - 前記接続制御器は、入力される電力を電圧変換して出力する第3のDCDCコンバータ或いは導通又は遮断の状態に切り替える半導体リレーである、
請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の車両用電源システム。
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