JP7068203B2 - 補体阻害剤及びその使用 - Google Patents
補体阻害剤及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
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- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
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- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
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Description
(i)補体活性化の古典的経路及び代替経路の転換酵素に対する転換酵素崩壊促進ドメインである第1の補体制御タンパク質反復(CCP)含有ドメイン、
(ii)宿主細胞認識ドメイン、及び
(iii)第2のCCP含有ドメイン
を含む、マルチドメインポリペプチドに関する。
(i)補体受容体1型(CR1)のCCP1~3に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含み、及び/又は崩壊促進因子(DAF)のCCP1~4に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、第1の補体制御タンパク質反復(CCP)含有ドメイン、
(ii)補体H因子のCCP6~8又はCCP19~20に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、宿主細胞認識ドメイン、及び
(iii)CR1のCCP8~10及び/又はCCP15~17に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、第2のCCP含有ドメイン
を含む、マルチドメインポリペプチドに関する。
有効量の、本発明によるマルチドメインポリペプチド、本発明によるポリヌクレオチド、又は本発明によるベクターを前記対象に投与すること
を含み、それによって、前記対象における不適切な補体活性化及び/又は不適切な補体活性化を症状として有する疾患を処置及び/又は予防する、方法に関する。
本発明によるマルチドメインポリペプチド、本発明によるポリヌクレオチド、又は本発明によるベクターを、補体因子を含む反応混合物に適用すること
を含み、それによって、前記反応混合物における補体活性化の程度を妨げる、又は低減する、方法に関する。
(ii)宿主細胞認識ドメイン、及び
(iii)第2のCCP含有ドメイン
を含む、マルチドメインポリペプチド。
(ii)補体H因子のCCP6~8又はCCP19~20に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、宿主細胞認識ドメイン、及び
(iii)CR1のCCP8~10及び/又はCCP15~17に対して少なくとも70%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、第2のCCP含有ドメイン
を含む、マルチドメインポリペプチド。
b)配列番号5又は6に対して少なくとも70%の配列同一性を有するポリペプチドをコードし、及び/又は
c)配列番号7、8、13、又は14にストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズすることが可能なポリヌクレオチドである、
実施形態29に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
b)配列番号5又は6のアミノ酸配列を含む、好ましくはそれからなるポリペプチドをコードする、
実施形態29又は30に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
有効量の、実施形態1~28のいずれか1つに記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、実施形態29~31のいずれか1つに記載のポリヌクレオチド、又は実施形態33に記載のベクターを前記対象に投与すること
を含み、それによって、前記対象における不適切な補体活性化及び/又は不適切な補体活性化を症状として有する疾患を処置及び/又は予防する、方法。
実施形態1~28のいずれか1つに記載のマルチドメインポリペプチドを、補体因子を含む反応混合物に適用すること
を含み、それによって、前記反応混合物における補体活性化の程度を妨げる、又は低減する、方法。
使用される専門語: 実施例で使用されたCR1は、ヒトCR1であった; FHは、ヒト補体H因子に関するものであり、DAFは、ヒト崩壊促進因子に関するものである。タンパク質名の略語に続く数字は、使用されたタンパク質内のCCPの数に関し、例えば、FH(19-20)は、H因子のCCP19及び20に関する。
表面プラズモン共鳴(SPR)に基づくアッセイ(Schmidt et al. (2013), Journal of Immunology 190: 5712-5721)を用いて、重要な補体タンパク質C3bに対する操作された補体阻害剤の親和性を決定した。C3bの1940応答ユニット(μRU)をチップに結合させた。サンプルを25μl/分で一連の濃度で流し、再現性を調べるために最高濃度及び最低濃度を2連でアッセイした。他のタンパク質についてのKD値の推定値を得るために、アッセイ濃度に対する応答(定常状態中)のプロットを、1:1定常状態親和性モデルに適合させた。CR1(15-17)、DAF(1-4)、及びFH(19-20)について測定されたKD値は、それぞれ、KD=0.95μM、KD=11.5μM、及びKD=4.67μMであり、文献とよく一致した。結果を表1に示す。
崩壊促進活性(DAA)を測定するために、また、確立されたSPRに基づくアッセイ(Schmidt et al. (2013), 同書)を用いた。C3bの3653μRUを、チップ表面に結合させた。精製タンパク質B因子及びD因子(CompTech, USA)の混合物をチップ表面上に流すことによって、B因子はC3bに結合し、こうして、D因子がB因子を切断し活性化することを可能にする。これは、AP転換酵素C3bBbのチップ上での形成をもたらす。二分子C3転換酵素は、遅い速度で本質的に崩壊するが、DAAを有する調節因子に曝露されると、崩壊は劇的に加速する。この設定を用いて、様々な融合タンパク質が、C3bBbをいかに効率的に崩壊させることができるかを試験した。CR1(15-17)はDAAを示さないが、補因子活性のみを示すので、対照として流した。
CR1(15-17)を含有する構築物が補因子活性(CA)を有することを確認するために、4つの分析物を用いてCAアッセイを実施した: CR1(15-17)、CR1(1-3)FH(19-20)CR1(15-17)、DAF(1-4)FH(19-20)CR1(15-17)、及びDAF(1-4)FH(19-20)-SL(陰性対照として含めた)。C3b単独を陰性対照として使用した。
操作された補体調節因子の、AP活性化経路を特異的に阻害する能力を決定するために、ウサギ赤血球(RBC)の溶血アッセイを実施した。この目的のために、ウサギRBCを、阻害剤及び以下の2つの試薬と混合した25%ヒト血清中でインキュベートした: カルシウムイオンを特異的にキレート化し、したがって古典的経路(CP)のあらゆる活性を遮断するために、EGTAを添加した。AP転換酵素は十分な量のMgイオンの存在に依存するので、APの活性を促進するために、マグネシウムイオンを添加した。ウサギ赤血球は、ヒト血清中のAPの公知の活性化剤であり、AP活性を調べるための優れたモデル系である。ウサギRBC上の最初のC3(H2O)及びC3b沈着は、AP増幅ループを介して急速に伝播され、大量のC3bの沈着、及びMACの形成、及び細胞溶解をもたらす。ヒトRBCとは異なり、ウサギ赤血球は、ヒト血清中に存在する補体系を調節することができる調節タンパク質を欠く。結果として、ウサギRBCは溶解し、溶解のレベルは、ヘモグロビンの放出を(分光光度的に)測定することによって決定することができる。補体調節タンパク質におけるスパイクによって、APの阻害が達成され(DAA及びCAによって)、これはC3b沈着を妨げ、その結果としてMAC形成及び溶解も妨げる。結果を図2及び表2に示す。
操作された補体調節因子の、補体系のCPを阻害する能力を決定するために、ヒツジRBCを用いた溶血アッセイを実施した。ヒツジRBCは、それらの表面上のシアル酸部分がヒトFHを動員し、それらをAPによる溶解から保護するので、ヒト血清中で容易に溶解しない。この状況を利用して、ヒツジRBCを用いて、補体活性化のCPを調べることができる。ヒツジ赤血球を、それらが5%ヒト血清に曝露される前に、それらの表面に対する抗体で感作させる。マグネシウムイオン及びカルシウムイオンの添加は、CPの効率的な機能性を保証し、これは、赤血球表面上の抗体がC1複合体によって感知されると、活性化される。活性化は、C3転換酵素の形成、ますます多くのC3b分子の沈着、並びに最終的にはMACの形成及び細胞溶解をもたらす。ヒツジRBCは、それらの表面上に負に帯電したシアル酸分子を有するので、つまり、FH(19-20)によって部分的に標的とされ得る。操作された調節タンパク質をこのアッセイで試験して、CP活性化経路を阻害するそれらの能力を調べた。結果を図3及び表3に示す。
エクリズマブ処置を受けているPNH患者からのPNH赤血球を、このアッセイに使用した。ABO適合血清をアッセイに使用した。健常人からのABO適合RBCを対照として使用した。2つの独立した実験を実施し、データ点は2連でアッセイした。PNH赤血球の溶解は、405nmの吸光度でヘモグロビン放出を測定することによって決定した。アッセイした条件下で唯一/主にPNH RBCが溶解することを制御するために、健康な細胞(PNH I型細胞)、PNH II型及びIII型細胞の割合を、血清の非存在下のPBS中の対照サンプルにおいて(溶解は起こらない)、及び操作された阻害剤を添加せずに血清を含有するサンプルについて測定し(FACS分析によって)、PNH細胞溶解について100%値を任意に設定した。血清インキュベーション中にPNH II及びIII細胞の割合が減少した場合、(健康なPNH I型細胞ではなく)実際には脆弱なPNH II及びIII細胞が溶解し、ヘモグロビン放出に寄与したことを示す。これは実際に起こり、405nmでの吸光度の測定が実際にPNH III細胞溶解と相関することを証明した。結果を図4及び表4に示す。
PNH赤血球が、PNH赤血球上に存在する血液型抗原に対する同種抗体で感作されると、感作されたPNH赤血球は、同種抗体の存在に依存するCP活性を通して補体依存的様式で迅速に溶解した。エクリズマブの存在でさえも、同種抗体を用いたこれらの困難な条件下での溶血を妨げなかった。補体感受性である実験用のヒト細胞(ヒツジ赤血球の代わりに)を有するこのCPアッセイにおいてPNH赤血球を使用した。健康な赤血球を使用することも可能ではあったが、実験的な読み取り(すなわち、補体活性の検出)を得るのがより困難であったであろう。図5に示す結果が得られた。予想外なことに、1.2μM(アッセイにおけるC5濃度を超えて5倍である)のエクリズマブは、強力なCP活性化後の溶解を阻害しない; 予想通り、ミニFH(APを阻害する効率的濃度を超えて10倍である2.5μMにおける)は、CP媒介性溶解を阻害しない; 図5において「トリプルI」と称されるDAF(1-4)FH19-20CR1(15-17)は、0.17μMでは、溶血の一部を阻害する; 7.3μMのCR1(1-3)は、溶血の一部を阻害する; したがって、DAF(1-4)FH19-20CR1(15-17)は、CR1(1-3)(活性の40倍の差)又はエクリズマブ単独よりもはるかにより効果的である。
Claims (23)
- (i)補体活性化の古典的経路及び代替経路の転換酵素に対する転換酵素崩壊促進ドメインである第1の補体制御タンパク質反復(CCP)含有ドメイン、
(ii)宿主細胞認識ドメイン、及び
(iii)第2のCCP含有ドメイン
を含み、
前記宿主細胞認識ドメインが、補体H因子のCCP6~8及び/又は19~20を含む、
マルチドメインポリペプチド。 - 前記宿主細胞認識ドメインが、シアル酸及び/若しくはグリコサミノグリカンを含むポリアニオン性炭水化物に対する結合活性を有する、並びに/又は補体因子C3b分解産物に対する結合活性を有する、請求項1に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第1のCCP含有ドメインが、補体受容体1型(CR1)のCCP1~3を含み、及び/又は崩壊促進因子(DAF)のCCP1~4を含む、請求項1又は2に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第1のCCP含有ドメインが、配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号1に対して少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第1のCCP含有ドメインが、配列番号2に示されるアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号2に対して少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第2のCCP含有ドメインが、CR1のCCP8~10及び/又は15~17を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第2のCCP含有ドメインが、配列番号3に示されるアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号3に対して少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記宿主細胞認識ドメインが、配列番号4に示されるアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号4に対して少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- N末端、第1のCCP含有ドメイン、宿主細胞認識ドメイン、第2のCCP含有ドメイン、C末端の順序で前記ドメインを含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 配列番号5若しくは6に示されるアミノ酸配列、又は配列番号5若しくは6に対して少なくとも90%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第1のCCP含有ドメインが、補体因子C3b及びC4bに対する結合活性を有する少なくとも1つのCCPを含む、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記第2のCCP含有ドメインが、補体因子C3b及び/又はC4bに対する結合活性を有する、少なくとも1つのCCPを含む、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 前記宿主細胞認識ドメインが、補体因子C3b分解産物に対する結合活性を有し、並びに/又は宿主細胞表面マーカーに対する結合活性を有する、少なくとも1つのCCPを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 補体系の少なくとも2つの活性化経路を阻害する活性を有する、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチドをコードする、ポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、ベクター。
- 請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチド、及び/又は請求項16に記載のベクターを含む、宿主細胞。
- 医薬の製造における、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチド、又は請求項16に記載のベクターの使用。
- 不適切な補体活性化及び/又は不適切な補体活性化を症状として有する疾患を処置及び/又は予防するための医薬の製造における、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチド、又は請求項16に記載のベクターの使用。
- 補体タンパク質C5阻害ポリペプチドと組み合わせて、不適切な補体活性化及び/又は不適切な補体活性化を症状として有する疾患を処置及び/又は予防するための医薬の製造における、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチド、又は請求項16に記載のベクターの使用。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、請求項15に記載のポリヌクレオチド、又は請求項16に記載のベクターと組み合わせて、不適切な補体活性化及び/又は不適切な補体活性化を症状として有する疾患を処置及び/又は予防するための医薬の製造における、補体タンパク質C5阻害ポリペプチドの使用。
- (i)請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチド、及び(ii)補体タンパク質C5阻害ポリペプチドを含む、同時、個別又は連続使用のための組合せ製剤。
- 補体活性化の程度を妨げる、又は低減するin vitro法であって、
請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載のマルチドメインポリペプチドを、補体因子を含む反応混合物に適用すること
を含み、それによって、前記反応混合物における補体活性化の程度を妨げる、又は低減する、方法。
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