JP7062146B1 - How to install the box in water and the device to prevent the box from swinging - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for installing a box body in water and a device for preventing the box body from swinging, which can further suppress the inclination of the box body while suppressing the swinging of the box body when it is installed in water. SOLUTION: An elongated tank 2 extending in a specific first direction D1 in a plan view and an elongated tank 2 extending in a second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1 in a plan view on a box body 10. Install the tank 2. The first direction tank 2a extending in the first direction D1 is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity G of the box 10 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first direction D1 in a plan view, and extends in the second direction D2. The second direction tank 2b is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity G of the box 10 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the second direction D2 in a plan view. The fluid Wb is housed in the accommodating portion 3 of each tank 2 in a non-filled state, and the box body 10 is stored in water while the swing of the box body 10 is suppressed by the first-way tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b. Install in position. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

Application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Law Published by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Proceedings of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers B3 (Ocean Development), Vol. 77, No. 2, I_619-624, 2021. (Experimental study on the effectiveness of the anti-sway tank against the agitation of floating caisson and the anti-sway mechanism), publication address (https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejoe/77/2/77_I_619/_article) / -Char / ja /), Posted on September 30, 2021

The present invention relates to a method for installing the box in water and a device for preventing the box from swinging. More specifically, the present invention further suppresses the tilt of the box while suppressing the swing of the box when it is installed in water. It relates to a method of installing the box body in water and a device for preventing the box body from swinging.

Caissons and other boxes used for seawalls and breakwaters are towed to the installation site by tugboat. Such a box is installed at a predetermined position using a winch, a crane, or the like at the installation site. At the time of installation of the box, in the process of submerging the box in water, the box sways (pitches) or rolls (rolls) due to the influence of waves and the like. In order to install the box in a predetermined position accurately and quickly, it is important to suppress the swing of the box.

Therefore, a tank having an accommodating portion in which the fluid is accommodated in a non-filled state is installed on the box body, and when the box body swings and tilts, the fluid is contained in the accommodating portion of the tank. A method of suppressing the swing of the box body by flowing the fluid downward in the inclination direction of the box has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the invention described in Patent Document 1, the swing of the box is suppressed by installing one large tank on the box. However, as illustrated in FIG. 18, when one large tank is installed on the box, the fluid flow range in the tank accommodating portion is wide, so that the box is relatively submerged. (For example, a large amount of fluid is concentrated and unevenly distributed on the lower side in the inclination direction). Therefore, there is a problem that the center of gravity of the fluid in the tank is greatly eccentric in the direction in which the box is relatively sunk, and the box is likely to be greatly tilted when the swing of the box is suppressed. ..

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-135727

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing a box in water and a device for preventing the box from swinging, which can further suppress the tilt of the box while suppressing the swing of the box when it is installed in water. There is something in it.

In the method of installing the box body in water of the present invention for achieving the above object, a tank having an accommodating portion is installed on the box body having a hollow portion, and the accommodating portion is not filled with fluid. When the box body that has been housed and floated on water swings and tilts, the fluid is allowed to flow downward in the tilting direction of the box body in the housing portion. In the method of installing the box in water by injecting water into the hollow portion to move the box downward and installing the box at a predetermined position in the water while suppressing the swing of the box, as the tank. A plurality of elongated first-direction tanks extending in a specific first direction in a plan view are installed in parallel at intervals from each other, and extend in a second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view. An elongated second-way tank is installed, and the first-way tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view. The two-way tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view, and the first-way tank and the second-way tank are respectively. It is characterized by having a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other .

In another method of installing the box of the present invention in water, a tank having a storage portion is installed on the box having a hollow portion, and the storage portion is filled with fluid in a non-filled state, and water is used. When the box in a floating state swings and tilts, the fluid is allowed to flow downward in the tilting direction of the box in the accommodating portion, so that the box swings. In the method of installing the box in water by injecting water into the hollow portion to move the box downward and installing it at a predetermined position in water, the tank has a length in the longitudinal direction. On the other hand, the elongated tank having a width of 20% or less is installed so as to extend in a specific first direction in a plan view and in a second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view. The first-direction tank extending in the direction is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view, and extends in the second direction. The second-direction tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view, and the first-direction tank and the second-direction tank are It is characterized by having a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other .

The anti-sway device for a box body of the present invention for achieving the above object has an accommodating portion installed on the upper surface of the box body installed in water to accommodate the fluid, and the accommodating portion has the fluid. Is housed in an unfilled state, and when the box swings and tilts, the tank is configured such that the fluid flows downward in the tilting direction of the box in the housing portion. In the swing prevention device of the box body provided, as the tank, a plurality of elongated first-direction tanks extending in a specific first direction in a plan view are installed in parallel at intervals from each other. , An elongated second-direction tank extending in the second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view is installed, and the first-direction tank is a first orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view. The second-direction tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the orthogonal direction, and the second-direction tank has the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view. The first-way tank and the second-way tank are arranged at a straddling position, and are characterized in that they have a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other .

Another device for preventing the swing of the box of the present invention has a housing portion installed on the upper surface of the box body installed in water to store the fluid, and the housing portion is in a state where the fluid is not filled. When the box body that has been housed and floated on water swings and tilts, a tank having a structure in which the fluid flows downward in the tilting direction of the box body in the housing portion is provided. In the swing prevention device of the box body provided, the slender tank having a width of 20% or less with respect to the length in the longitudinal direction is the specific first direction in the plan view and the tank in the plan view. The first-direction tanks that are installed extending in the second direction intersecting the first direction and extending in the first direction are first orthogonal to each other in a plan view. The second-direction tank, which is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the direction and extends in the second direction, is viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view. The first-way tank and the second-way tank are arranged at positions straddling the center of gravity of the box, and are characterized in that they have a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other .

According to the present invention, when the box floated on water swings and tilts, it is contained in the respective accommodating portions of the elongated first-way tank and the second-way tank installed on the box. The fluid flows downward in the tilt direction of the box, and the center of gravity of each fluid in the first-way tank and the second-way tank moves downward in the tilt direction of the box. Then, a moment (damping moment) is generated around the center of gravity of the box due to the gravity acting on the moving fluid. On the other hand, since the buoyancy center of the box body also moves downward in the tilting direction, a moment (restoration moment) is generated around the center of gravity of the box body to return the box body to the state before tilting. Since the damping moment is a moment in the direction opposite to the restoration moment, the swing of the box caused by the restoration moment is suppressed by the damping moment. As a result, the first-way swing of the box when installing the box in water is effectively suppressed by the elongated first-way tank, which extends mainly in the first direction, and the second of the box. Directional swing is effectively suppressed primarily by the elongated second-way tank extending in the second direction.

Further, the tank that suppresses the swing of the box is divided into an elongated first-direction tank extending in the first direction and an elongated second-direction tank extending in the second direction, and is a conventional unit. The flow range of the fluid contained in each tank is narrowed more than when a large tank is installed. As a result, when the swing of the box is settled, the combined center of gravity of the fluid contained in the first-way tank and the second-way tank is combined with the box, compared to the case where one large tank is installed. It is possible to prevent the body from being extremely eccentric in the direction in which the body is tilted and to reduce the tilt of the box.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention apparatus of this invention in a plan view. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the positioning process at the installation site of the box body which installed the rocking prevention apparatus of FIG. 1 in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the flow state of the fluid in each accommodating part of the tank which constitutes the rocking prevention device when a box body is tilted to one side (right side) in the length direction in a vertical cross-sectional view. .. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the flow state of the fluid in each accommodating part of the tank which constitutes the rocking prevention device when a box body is tilted in an oblique direction (diagonally lower left side) in a cross-sectional view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the positioning process at the installation site of the box body which installed the rocking prevention apparatus of 2nd Embodiment in a plan view. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 3rd Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 4th Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 5th Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 6th Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 7th Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the box body which installed the rocking prevention device of 8th Embodiment in a plan view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure of the part where the 1st direction tank and the 2nd direction tank which make up the rocking prevention device overlap with each other from a perspective view, and FIG. The state before superimposing the above is shown, and FIG. 14 (b) shows the state where the first direction tank and the second direction tank are overlapped. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates another structure of the part where the 1st direction tank and the 2nd direction tank which make up the rocking prevention apparatus overlap with each other from the perspective, and FIG. The state before the directional tank is overlapped is shown, and FIG. 15 (b) shows the state where the first directional tank and the second directional tank are overlapped. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates further another structure of the part where the 1st direction tank and the 2nd direction tank which make up the rocking prevention apparatus overlap with each other from a perspective view, and FIG. The state before the two-way tank is overlapped is shown, and FIG. 16 (b) shows the state where the first-way tank and the second-way tank are overlapped. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates further another structure of the part where the 1st direction tank and the 2nd direction tank which make up the rocking prevention apparatus overlap with each other from a perspective view, and FIG. The state before the two-way tank is overlapped is shown, and FIG. 17 (b) shows the state where the first-way tank and the second-way tank are overlapped. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state in which the box body which installed the conventional rocking prevention tank is inclined in an oblique direction (diagonally lower left side) in the cross-sectional view.

Hereinafter, the method for installing the box body in water and the device for preventing the box body from swinging will be described based on the embodiments shown in the figure. In the drawings, the length direction (longitudinal direction), the width direction, and the vertical direction of the box 10 are indicated by arrows X, Y, and Z, respectively. Further, in the drawing, the center line C1 in the width direction (Y direction) of the box body 10 and the center line C2 in the length direction (X direction) of the box body 10 are shown by broken lines.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the rocking prevention device 1 of the box body 10 of the present invention is configured to include a plurality of tanks 2 installed on the box body 10 such as a caisson. As the box body 10, a buried box or the like can be exemplified in addition to the caisson. In this embodiment, the case where the box body 10 is a caisson is taken as an example. The caisson 10 is a concrete or steel structure having a hollow portion 11, and the hollow portion 11 is partitioned into a plurality of spaces by an outer wall 12 and a partition wall 13. Before the installation of the box body 10, an appropriate amount of water Wa is injected into the hollow portion 11, and after the installation, the hollow portion 11 is filled with crushed stone or the like. In this embodiment, an upper lid 14 that covers the upper surface of the box 10 is provided. The upper lid 14 is provided with a through hole into which a hose 30 for injecting water Wa can be inserted into each hollow portion 11.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the swing prevention device 1 extends to a specific first direction D1 of the box 10 in a plan view as a tank 2 that suppresses swing during installation of the box 10. An elongated first-direction tank 2a and an elongated second-direction tank 2b extending in the second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1 in a plan view are provided.

In this embodiment, the first direction D1 is the length direction (X direction) of the box body 10, and the second direction D2 is the width direction (Y direction) of the box body 10. In the drawings, the first direction D1 is indicated by a alternate long and short dash line, and the second direction D2 is indicated by a alternate long and short dash line. In the following, the direction orthogonal to the first direction D1 in the plan view is referred to as the first orthogonal direction, and the direction orthogonal to the second direction D2 in the plan view is referred to as the second orthogonal direction. In this embodiment, the first orthogonal direction is the second direction D2 (Y direction), and the second orthogonal direction is the first direction D1 (X direction).

As will be exemplified later in another embodiment, if the first direction D1 extending the first direction tank 2a and the second direction D2 extending the second direction tank 2b intersect each other in a plan view. Often, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 can be set in other directions, respectively. In the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the angle between the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 in a plan view is, for example, within the range of 70 degrees to 110 degrees, preferably within the range of 80 degrees to 100 degrees. It is more preferable to set it to 90 degrees.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, two first-direction tanks 2a are installed in parallel on a box 10 (upper lid 14) at intervals in the first orthogonal direction (Y direction) from each other. The base second-direction tanks 2b are installed in parallel at intervals in the second orthogonal direction (X direction) from each other. One third unit on one side in the first orthogonal direction of the center of gravity G of the box 10 centering on the center of gravity G of the empty box 10 in which water Wa or the like is not accommodated in the hollow portion 11 in a plan view. A one-way tank 2a is arranged, and one first-way tank 2a is arranged on the other side of the center of gravity G of the box body 10 in the first orthogonal direction. Further, one second direction tank 2b is arranged on one side of the center of gravity G of the box body 10 in the second orthogonal direction, and one second tank 2b is arranged on the other side of the center of gravity G of the box body 10 in the second orthogonal direction. A two-way tank 2b is arranged. In this embodiment, two second-direction tanks 2b are stacked on top of the two first-direction tanks 2a in the Z direction. That is, four elongated tanks 2 are arranged in a grid pattern. All the tanks 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10, but are arranged around the center of gravity G of the box body 10.

Each tank 2 (first-way tank 2a, second-way tank 2b) is an elongated hollow structure made of steel or resin, and has a storage portion 3 for accommodating a fluid Wb such as water. In this embodiment, each tank 2 is formed in an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the space surrounded by the bottom surface portion 4 and the side surface portion 5 of the tank 2 is the accommodating portion 3.

The upper surface portion 6 of the tank 2 also functions as a scaffold for workers to come and go. Although omitted in the drawing, for example, a scaffolding board can be laid between the tanks 2. An injection port 7 penetrating vertically is provided on the upper surface portion 6 of the tank 2, and the fluid Wb can be injected into the accommodating portion 3 by inserting the hose 30 into the injection port 7. An opening / closing lid 7a is provided at the injection port 7, and when the opening / closing lid 7a is closed, the accommodating portion 3 is sealed. The fluid Wb is accommodated in the accommodating portion 3 in a non-filled state.

In this embodiment, the first-way tank 2a is fixed on the upper lid 14, and the second-way tank 2b is fixed on the upper surface of the first-way tank 2a. Is not particularly limited, and any structure may be used as long as the tank 2 does not easily separate from the box 10.

Each of the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b has an elongated shape in which the width S2 is set to a predetermined ratio or less with respect to the length S1 in the longitudinal direction, and the predetermined ratio described above is, for example, 50% or less. It is more preferably set to 20% or less, further preferably less than 20%, still more preferably 15% or less.

The first-direction tank 2a straddles the center of gravity G of the empty box 10 in which water Wa or the like is not accommodated in the hollow portion 11 when viewed from the first orthogonal direction (Y direction in this embodiment) in a plan view. Placed in position. The second direction tank 2b is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity G of the box body 10 when viewed from the second orthogonal direction (X direction in this embodiment) in a plan view. In other words, the first-way tank 2a extends at a position intersecting the extension line extending in the first orthogonal direction from the center of gravity G of the box 10 in a plan view, and the second-way tank 2b is a plan view. It is extended at a position intersecting the extension line extending in the second orthogonal direction from the center of gravity G of the box body 10.

Each tank 2 may be configured to project outward from the upper surface of the box 10 in a plan view. However, if this amount of protrusion is large, the installation work may be hindered. Therefore, it is desirable that each tank 2 does not protrude outward from the upper surface of the box 10 in a plan view.

The length S1 (dimension of the first direction D1) of the first direction tank 2a is, for example, 50% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 70% or more and 100 of the maximum outer dimension of the first direction D1 of the box body 10. % Or less, more preferably 90% or more and 100% or less. By setting the numerical range as described above, the first-direction tank 2a does not protrude outward from the upper surface of the box 10 in a plan view, and the first-direction tank 2a has an effect of suppressing the swing of the first direction D1 of the box 10. It is advantageous to raise the price.

The width S2 (dimension in the first orthogonal direction) of the first-direction tank 2a is, for example, 5% or more and 50% or less, more preferably 10% or more, which is the maximum outer dimension of the box 10 in the first orthogonal direction. It is preferable to set the dimension to 50% or less, more preferably 20% or more and 50% or less. By setting the numerical range as described above, the first orthogonal direction due to the influence of the fluid Wb in the first direction tank 2a is maintained while maintaining the swing suppressing effect of the box body 10 in the first direction D1 by the first direction tank 2a. It is advantageous to reduce the inclination of the box body 10 in a state where the swing of the box body 10 is settled. In other words, if the width S2 of the first-way tank 2a exceeds the upper limit of the above-mentioned numerical range, the influence of the movement of the center of gravity in the first orthogonal direction by the fluid Wb in the first-way tank 2a becomes large. It is disadvantageous to reduce the inclination of the body 10 when the swing is settled.

Similarly, the length S1 (dimension of the second direction D2) of the second direction tank 2b is, for example, 50% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 70, which is the maximum outer dimension of the second direction D2 of the box body 10. It may be set to% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 90% or more and 100% or less. The above-mentioned numerical range is advantageous for enhancing the swing suppressing effect of the box body 10 in the second direction D2 by the second direction tank 2b without making the second direction tank 2b excessive.

The width S2 (dimension in the second orthogonal direction) of the second-direction tank 2b is, for example, 5% or more and 50% or less, more preferably 10% or more and 50% of the maximum outer dimension of the box 10 in the second orthogonal direction. Below, it is more preferable to set the dimensions to 20% or more and 50% or less. By setting the numerical range as described above, the effect of suppressing the swing of the box 10 in the second direction D2 by the second direction tank 2b is maintained, and in the second orthogonal direction due to the influence of the fluid Wb in the second direction tank 2b. It is advantageous to reduce the inclination of the box 10 in a state where the swing is settled. In other words, if the width S2 of the second direction tank 2b exceeds the upper limit of the above-mentioned numerical range, the influence of the movement of the center of gravity in the second orthogonal direction by the fluid Wb in the second direction tank 2b becomes large, so that the box body It is disadvantageous to reduce the inclination in the state where the swing of 10 is settled.

The shape of the tank 2 is not limited to the rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be, for example, an elongated cylindrical tank 2. When the cylindrical tank 2 is formed, for example, if a pedestal or the like is provided under the tank 2, it can be stably fixed to the box 10.

The total area of the tank 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 in a plan view is, for example, 30% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 40% or more and 90% or less, and further preferably 50 of the area of the upper surface of the box 10. It is preferable to set it to% or more and 80% or less. The total weight of the tank 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 including the fluid Wb is, for example, 1% or more and 15% or less of the weight of the empty box 10 in the state where the hollow portion 11 does not contain water Wa or the like. , More preferably 1% or more and 10% or less, still more preferably 1% or more and 5% or less.

Next, a method of installing the box body 10 in water will be described. First, before transferring the box body 10 to the installation site, the respective tanks 2 (first-way tank 2a and second-way tank 2b) constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are fixedly fixed on the box body 10. , The fluid Wb is injected into the accommodating portion 3 of each tank 2 by using the hose 30. As the fluid Wb, water in the water area where the box 10 is floated is used. The fluid Wb may have an accommodating amount that does not fill the accommodating portion 3, but for example, about 20% to 80%, more preferably about 30% to 70%, still more preferably 40% to 60% of the volume of the accommodating portion 3. The capacity should be about 1% to 5% of the weight of the box 10.

Further, the hose 30 is inserted into the through hole provided in the upper lid 14, and the water Wa in the water area where the box body 10 is floated is injected into the hollow portion 11 of the box body 10. The amount of water Wa injected at this time is an amount that allows the box body 10 to be floated in water, and is, for example, an amount that satisfies a volume of about 1/5 to 1/2 of the volume of the hollow portion 11.

The box 10 floating on water is connected to the tugboat and transferred to the installation site by the tugboat. After transferring the box 10 to the installation site, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the wire rope 20 wound around the winch installed in the existing box 40 is hung on the pulley 22 installed in the existing box 40. In the rotated state, it is connected to the fixing portion 21 installed in the box body 10 to be installed. In this embodiment, the fixing portions 21 are fixedly fixed at a plurality of positions of the box body 10, and a plurality of wire ropes 20 are arranged above the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b.

Then, the wire rope 20 is unwound and wound by a winch (not shown) installed on the existing box 40 to position the box 10 in the XY direction. Further, the worker performs necessary work on the upper lid 14 or the tank 2. In addition to the winch, the wire rope 20, and the pulley 22, various instruments are used in the positioning step of the box 10, but illustration and description thereof are omitted here. During the transfer of the box 10 to the installation site and during the positioning process, the box 10 swings.

The winch is not limited to the existing box 40, and can be installed on, for example, other marine structures or shores. Further, for example, the box body 10 can be suspended by a crane or the like for positioning in the XY directions. In the case of the box body 10 to be installed first at the installation site, the box body 10 is positioned in the XY direction according to a reference object such as a crane vessel.

After the positioning step of the box body 10, water Wa is injected into the hollow portion 11 of the box body 10 by using the hose 30. As a result, the box body 10 is moved downward and placed on the underwater ground. After that, crushed stone or the like is put into the hollow portion 11 to fill it. After installing the box 10 on the bottom ground, the anti-sway device 1 is removed from the box 10. The rocking prevention device 1 used can be used repeatedly.

As described above, when the box body 10 is installed in water, swing S in the X direction and the Y direction is generated in the box body 10. Although swinging in the Z direction (vertical fluctuation) also occurs, since the box body 10 is installed in a calm wave condition, there is no big problem in determining the installation direction.

FIG. 4 shows a situation in which the box body 10 swings to one side (right side) in the X direction. In the drawing, the buoyancy of the box 10 in the state where the box 10 is not tilted in the X direction and the Y direction (neutral state) is shown by C. The combined center of gravity of the fluid Wb in all the tanks 2 constituting the swing prevention device 1 in the neutral state is indicated by Q. In the neutral state of the caisson 10, the center of gravity G of the box body 10, the buoyancy center C of the box body 10, and the combined center of gravity Q of the fluid Wb of the tank 2 are located at the same XY coordinates (the same positions in the plan view). ). As illustrated in FIG. 4, when the box body 10 swings and tilts to one side (right side) in the X direction, for example, the buoyancy center C of the box body 10 moves from the center position in the X direction to the position C on the right side. Move to ´.

The center of gravity G'of the box body 10 in which the water Wa is housed moves more downward than the center of gravity G due to the weight of the water Wa. Further, the box body 10 is tilted to the right and the water Wa is biased to the right, so that the center of gravity G'moves to the right with respect to the center of gravity G. However, the amount of movement to the right is small and negligible.

A moment RFM is generated around the center of gravity G'of the box 10 by the buoyancy RF acting on the buoyancy center C'after the movement. This moment RFM is a restoration moment that attempts to return the box 10 to the position before tilting. Due to this restoration moment RFM, the box body 10 rolls laterally to the other side (left side) in the X direction, and then repeatedly swings to the right side and the left side, which causes the box body 10 to swing.

On the other hand, due to the inclination of the box 10, the center of gravity of the fluid Wb in the accommodating portion 3 of each tank 2 moves to a position lower in the inclination direction of the box 10, and the combined center of gravity Q of the fluid Wb of the tank 2 is the box. It moves to the position Q'on the lower side in the inclination direction of 10. For example, when the box 10 swings and tilts to one side (right side) in the X direction, the center of gravity of the fluid Wb in the accommodating portion 3 of the first-direction tank 2a extending in the X direction becomes the box. By moving to the lower side in the inclination direction of 10, the combined center of gravity Q of the fluid Wb of the tank 2 moves to the position Q'on the lower side in the inclination direction of the box body 10. The center of gravity of the fluid Wb in the accommodating portion 3 of the second direction tank 2b also moves slightly, but since the width S2 in the X direction of the second direction tank 2b is narrow, the combined center of gravity Q of the fluid Wb in the second direction tank 2b The amount of movement is very small. Then, a moment QFM is generated around the center of gravity G'of the box 10 mainly by gravity acting on the fluid Wb moved in the accommodating portion 3 of the first-way tank 2a. Since this moment QFM becomes a moment (damping moment) in the direction opposite to the restoring moment RFM, the swing of the box 10 caused by the restoring moment RFM is suppressed by the damping moment QFM. As a result, it is possible to suppress the swing of the box body 10 when it is installed in water.

Further, the damping moment QFM cancels the restoration moment RFM of the box body 10, so that the natural period of the shaking of the box body 10 can be shifted to the long period side. As a result, the unmeasured box 10 without the anti-vibration device 1 is changed to a natural period different from the period band (around 10 s) of the wave that is most liable to sway (easy to tune), thereby tuning the sway. Can be prevented.

Similarly, when the box body 10 swings and tilts in the Y direction, the center of gravity of the fluid Wb in the accommodating portion 3 of the second-direction tank 2b extending in the Y direction becomes the tilt direction of the box body 10. By moving to the lower side, the combined center of gravity Q of the fluid Wb of the tank 2 moves to the position Q'on the lower side in the inclination direction of the box body 10. Then, a moment QFM is generated around the center of gravity G'of the box 10 mainly by gravity acting on the fluid Wb moved in the accommodating portion 3 of the second direction tank 2b, and the damping moment QFM causes the restoration moment RFM of the box 10. By canceling, the swing of the box 10 in the Y direction is suppressed.

In this way, by using the rocking prevention device 1, the slanted first that extends the swing of the box body 10 in the first direction D1 when the box body 10 is installed in water in the first direction D1. It can be effectively suppressed by the directional tank 2a, and the swing of the second direction D2 of the box body 10 can be effectively suppressed by the elongated second directional tank 2b extending in the second direction D2.

Further, in the swing prevention device 1, the tank 2 that suppresses the swing of the box body 10 is elongated in the elongated first-direction tank 2a extending in the first direction D1 and the elongated tank 2 extending in the second direction D2. The flow of the fluid Wb housed in each of the tanks 2 is larger than that of the conventional case where one large tank 2Z as illustrated in FIG. 18 is installed separately from the second-direction tank 2b of the above. The range is limited. As a result, when the swing of the box 10 is settled, the gravity acting on the fluid Wb contained in the tank 2 is prevented from being extremely eccentric in the tilted direction of the box 10, and the swing of the box 10 is prevented. It is possible to reduce the tilt when the movement is settled.

That is, as illustrated in FIG. 18, when one large tank 2Z is installed in the box 10, the flow range of the fluid Wb in the accommodating portion 3 of the tank 2Z is wide, so that the box 10 is relatively relative. A large amount of fluid Wb is concentrated and unevenly distributed in the sinking direction (lower side in the inclination direction), and the center of gravity Q'of the fluid Wb in the tank 2Z is greatly eccentric in the direction in which the box 10 is tilted. .. On the other hand, in this swing prevention device 1, as illustrated in FIG. 5, even when the box body 10 is tilted, the flow direction of the fluid Wb housed in each elongated tank 2 is limited. By being narrowed to, the combined center of gravity Q'of the fluid Wb housed in the tank 2 can be prevented from being extremely eccentric in the tilting direction of the box 10, and the tilt of the box 10 can be reduced.

In particular, when the dimensions of each tank 2 are such that the width S2 is 50% or less, more preferably 20% or less, still more preferably less than 20%, still more preferably 15% or less with respect to the length S1 in the longitudinal direction. It is very advantageous to reduce the inclination of the box body 10 in a state where the swing of the box body 10 is settled while effectively suppressing the swing of the body 10.

For example, it is possible to install one first-way tank 2a and one second-way tank 2b, but if the number of tanks 2 is reduced, it is possible to suppress the swing of the box 10 in each tank. It is necessary to increase the capacity of 2, and the flow range of the fluid Wb in each tank 2 becomes wide. Therefore, it is preferable that a plurality of elongated first-direction tanks 2a are installed in parallel at intervals from each other. More preferably, a plurality of second-direction tanks 2b may be installed in parallel at intervals from each other in a plan view. By providing a plurality of first-direction tanks 2a and second-direction tanks 2b, the capacity of each tank 2 is reduced, the flow range of the fluid Wb in each tank 2 is narrowed, and the box body 10 is swung. And tilt can be effectively suppressed.

In particular, when the two first-direction tanks 2a and the two second-direction tanks 2b are arranged in a grid pattern as in this embodiment, the two tanks 10 can be tilted in any direction. Since the fluids Wb housed in the first-direction tank 2a and the two second-direction tanks 2b move in a well-balanced manner, the swing of the box 10 can be suppressed more effectively. Further, since the four tanks 2 are arranged in a well-balanced manner on all sides so as to surround the center of gravity G of the box body 10, the synthetic center of gravity Q'of the fluid Wb housed in the four tanks 2 is the box body. It becomes extremely difficult to eccentric in the direction in which the box 10 is tilted, which is advantageous for reducing the tilt of the box 10.

When the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b are installed so as to overlap each other in the Z direction, it is possible to set the lengths S1 of the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b to be longer. .. Therefore, it is advantageous to enhance the swing suppressing effect of the box body 10 by the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b.

In this embodiment, water is used as the fluid Wb to be accommodated in the accommodating portion 3 of the tank 2, but a liquid other than water may be accommodated in the accommodating portion 3. In particular, when a liquid having a specific density higher than that of water is accommodated in the accommodating portion 3, the gravity QF acting on the fluid Wb becomes larger and the damping moment QFM can be increased, so that the effect of suppressing the restoration moment RFM is further increased. be able to.

In this embodiment, the fluid Wb is stored in each tank 2 before the box 10 is transferred to the installation site, but the time when the fluid Wb is injected into the tank 2 and stored is not limited to this time. It may be before the installation and positioning of the box 10 with respect to the submerged ground. If the fluid Wb is accommodated in each of the tanks 2 before the transfer of the box 10 as in this embodiment, the swing of the box 10 at the time of transfer of the box 10 to the installation site can be suppressed. preferable.

In the swing prevention device 1 of the second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b are placed on the support base 8 installed on the box body 10 (upper lid 14). It is installed. Then, the box body 10 is aligned by using the wire rope 20 passed under the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b. Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment exemplified above, and the same effect can be obtained.

In this way, when the support base 8 is provided and the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b are arranged apart from the upper surface of the box body 10, the wire rope 20 used for the alignment of the box body 10 is placed on the box body. Since it can be arranged between the upper surface of the 10 and the lower surfaces of the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b, the wire rope 20 makes it possible to pull the box 10 at a lower position. Therefore, it is advantageous to reduce the swing and tilt of the box body 10 when the box body 10 is aligned.

In the rocking prevention device 1 of the third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the box body 10 does not overlap the two first-direction tanks 2a and the two second-direction tanks 2b in the vertical direction (Z direction), respectively. It is installed on (upper lid 14). Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, two second-direction tanks 2b are installed in parallel at intervals between two first-direction tanks 2a installed in parallel at intervals. All the tanks 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10, but are arranged around the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Even in such an arrangement, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment. If the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b are not overlapped in the Z direction as in this embodiment, the installation work of the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b on the box 10 is easier. become. Further, since the height of the rocking prevention device 1 can be lowered, the box body 10 can be towed at a lower position even when the wire rope 20 is arranged above the rocking prevention device 1. Become.

In the swing prevention device 1 of the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, the second direction tank 2b is used as one unit, and the second direction tank 2b is installed in the center of the box 10 in the Y direction. In the rocking prevention device 1, the second direction tank 2b is arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment.

In order to enhance the swing suppressing effect of the box 10 in the second direction D2, it is better to install a plurality of second direction tanks 2b in parallel at intervals from each other as in the swing prevention device 1 of the first embodiment. Although it is advantageous, even when one second-direction tank 2b is used as in this embodiment, substantially the same effect as that of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained. If the second-direction tank 2b is used as one unit, the rocking prevention device 1 can be configured more compactly, and is therefore suitable for a relatively small box body 10.

In the rocking prevention device 1 of the fifth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the first direction D1 is the Y direction and the second direction D2 is the X direction. Then, two first-direction tanks 2a and one second-direction tank 2b are installed on the box 10 (upper lid 14) without overlapping in the Z direction. The second-direction tank 2b is installed at the center of the box 10 in the width direction (Y direction). In the rocking prevention device 1, the second direction tank 2b is arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment, and substantially the same effects as the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

As described above, the first direction D1 extending the first direction tank 2a and the second direction D2 extending the second direction tank 2b may be in directions intersecting each other, and the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 can be appropriately set according to the shape and size of the box 10.

In the rocking prevention device 1 of the sixth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, the first direction D1 is an oblique direction in the plan view of the box 10, and the second direction D2 is an oblique direction intersecting the first direction D1 in the plan view. The direction. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are set in directions orthogonal to each other. Then, the two first-direction tanks 2a and the two second-direction tanks 2b are overlapped in the vertical direction (Z direction) and arranged in a grid shape. All the tanks 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10, but are arranged around the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment, and substantially the same effects as the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

In this way, even when the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are set in the diagonal direction in the plan view of the box body 10, the swing of the box body 10 in the first direction D1 is mainly caused by the first direction tank 2a. By suppressing and suppressing the swing of the box 10 in the second direction D2 mainly by the second direction tank 2b, the swing of the box 10 can be effectively suppressed as in the other embodiments described above. If the direction in which the box body 10 is likely to swing can be predicted based on the wave condition at the installation site, the shape of the box body 10, etc., the direction in which the box body 10 is likely to swing is set to the first direction D1. , The swing of the box body 10 can be effectively suppressed.

In the rocking prevention device 1 of the seventh embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, the first direction D1 is an oblique direction in the plan view of the box 10, and the second direction D2 is an oblique direction intersecting the first direction D1 in the plan view. The direction. In this embodiment, the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are not set to be orthogonal to each other, and the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are set to the corners and corners of the box 10 in a plan view, respectively. It is set in the direction parallel to the diagonal line connecting. The two first-direction tanks 2a and the two second-direction tanks 2b are arranged at positions where they do not overlap in a plan view. All the tanks 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10, but are arranged around the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Other configurations are the same as those of the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment, and substantially the same effects as the rocking prevention device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

As in this embodiment, when the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are set in the directions parallel to the diagonal line connecting the corners of the box 10 in the plan view, each tank 2 is in the box in the plan view. It is possible to set the length of each tank 2 to be relatively long while preventing the body 10 from protruding outward from the upper surface. Therefore, it is advantageous to suppress the swing of the box body 10.

In the rocking prevention device 1 of the eighth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the first direction D1 is the X direction, the second direction D2 is the Y direction, and one first direction tank 2a is the Y direction of the box 10. One second-direction tank 2b is installed at the end of the box 10 in the X-direction. All the tanks 2 constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not arranged on the center of gravity G of the box body 10, but are arranged around the center of gravity G of the box body 10. Further, a weight adjusting body 50 that prevents the box body 10 from tilting when the box body 10 is in a neutral state near the corners of the box body 10 in which the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b are not installed. Is provided. The arrangement and weight of the weight adjuster 50 are such that the combined center of gravity of the first-way tank 2a, the second-way tank 2b and the weight adjuster 50 is the same as that of the box 10 in a plan view when the box 10 is in the neutral state. Set so that it matches the center of gravity G.

Also in the swing prevention device 1 of this embodiment, the swing of the first direction D1 of the box body 10 is suppressed by the first direction tank 2a, and the swing of the second direction D2 of the box body 10 is suppressed by the second direction tank 2b. By suppressing the movement, the swing of the box 10 can be effectively suppressed. Further, by providing the weight adjusting body 50, it is possible to reduce the inclination of the box body 10 after the swing of the box body 10 is settled. The weight adjusting body 50 may be made of, for example, a weight made of metal or the like, or may be made of a tank or the like that can be filled with a fluid such as water. A plurality of weight adjusting bodies 50 may be installed.

The structure of the portion where the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b are overlapped may be, for example, a structure as illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 17. In each of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 17, notches 9 are provided in the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b, respectively, and the notch portions of the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b are provided. 9 The structure is such that they fit together. 14 to 17 (a) show the state before the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b are superposed, respectively, and FIGS. 14 to 17 (b) show the first-way tank 2a, respectively. And the second direction tank 2b are shown in a superposed state.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14, a rectangular parallelepiped notch 9 is provided at the end of the first-way tank 2a and the end of the second-way tank 2b, respectively. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, a triangular prism-shaped notch 9 is provided at the end of the first-way tank 2a and the end of the second-way tank 2b, respectively. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, notches 9 having a trapezoidal bottom surface are provided at the ends of the first-way tank 2a and the ends of the second-way tank 2b, respectively. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, a rectangular parallelepiped notch 9 is provided in the middle portion of the first direction tank 2a and the middle portion of the second direction tank 2b, respectively.

When the notch portions 9 of the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b are fitted to each other in this way, the height of the rocking prevention device 1 is increased while the first-way tank 2a and the second-way tank 2b are overlapped with each other. Since the height can be lowered, the box body 10 can be towed at a lower position even when the wire rope 20 is arranged above the rocking prevention device 1. Further, since the step between the upper surface of the first direction tank 2a and the upper surface of the second direction tank 2b can be reduced, it becomes easier for the operator to move back and forth between the first direction tank 2a and the second direction tank 2b. Sex improves.

The number and arrangement of the first-way tanks 2a and the second-way tanks 2b constituting the rocking prevention device 1 are not limited to the embodiments exemplified above, and may vary depending on the shape and size of the box 10. , And various other configurations are possible. For example, three or more first-direction tanks 2a may be installed in parallel, or three or more second-direction tanks 2b may be installed in parallel. Further, for example, in addition to the first-direction tank 2a and the second-direction tank 2b, another elongated tank 2 extending in a direction different from the first-direction D1 and the second-direction D2 in a plan view is further installed. You can also do it.

1 Equipment for preventing rocking of the box 2 Tank 2a First-way tank 2b Second-way tank 3 Accommodating part 4 Bottom part 5 Side part 6 Top surface part 7 Injection port 7a Opening / closing lid 8 Support stand 9 Notch part 9a Flat surface 9b Inclined surface 10 Box (caisson)
11 Hollow part 12 Outer wall 13 Partition 14 Top lid 20 Wire rope 21 Fixed part 22 Pulley 30 Hose 40 Existing box 50 Weight adjuster Wa Water contained in the hollow part Wb Fluid stored in the storage part

Claims (8)

A tank having an accommodating portion is installed on a box having a hollow portion to accommodate the fluid in the accommodating portion in a non-filled state, and the box in a state of floating in water swings and tilts. At this time, by injecting water into the hollow portion while suppressing the swing of the box body by allowing the fluid to flow downward in the tilting direction of the box body in the accommodating portion. In the method of installing the box in water by moving the box downward and installing it in a predetermined position in water,
As the tank, a plurality of elongated first-direction tanks extending in a specific first direction in a plan view are installed in parallel at intervals from each other, and a second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view. An elongated second-way tank is installed, and the first-way tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view. The second-direction tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view, and the first-direction tank and the second tank are respectively placed. The two-way tank is a method of installing the box in water, which is characterized by having a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other . A tank having an accommodating portion is installed on a box having a hollow portion to accommodate the fluid in the accommodating portion in a non-filled state, and the box in a state of floating in water swings and tilts. At this time, by injecting water into the hollow portion while suppressing the swing of the box body by allowing the fluid to flow downward in the tilting direction of the box body in the accommodating portion. In the method of installing the box in water by moving the box downward and installing it in a predetermined position in water,
As the tank, the elongated tank having a width of 20% or less with respect to the length in the longitudinal direction is divided into a specific first direction in a plan view and a second direction intersecting the first direction in a plan view, respectively. The first-direction tank that is extended and installed and extends in the first direction is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view. The second-direction tank extending in the second direction is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view, and the first one. A method for installing a box in water, wherein the directional tank and the second directional tank have a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other . The method for installing a box in water according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second direction is a direction orthogonal to the first direction in a plan view. A claim that a plurality of the second-way tanks are installed in parallel at intervals from each other in a plan view, and the first-way tanks and the second-way tanks are independent of each other and do not communicate with each other. The method for installing the box body in water according to any one of 1 to 3. The method for installing a box in water according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first-way tank and the second-way tank are stacked in the vertical direction of the box. The first-way tank and the second-way tank are installed above the support base installed on the box, and the wire rope arranged below the first-way tank and the second-way tank is provided. The method for installing a box in water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the box is aligned using the method. It has an accommodating portion installed on the upper surface of a box to be installed in water to accommodate a fluid, and the accommodating portion accommodates the fluid in an unfilled state, and when the box swings and tilts. In the swing prevention device of the box body provided with a tank having a structure in which the fluid flows downward in the inclined direction of the box body in the accommodating portion.
As the tank, a plurality of elongated first-direction tanks extending in a specific first direction in a plan view are installed in parallel at intervals from each other, and intersect in the first direction in a plan view. An elongated second-way tank extending in two directions is installed, and the first-way tank has the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in the plan view. The second-direction tank is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view, and is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box . A device for preventing rocking of a box, characterized in that the one-way tank and the second-way tank have a structure that is independent of each other and does not communicate with each other . It has an accommodating portion installed on the upper surface of a box to be installed in water and accommodating a fluid, and the accommodating portion accommodates the fluid in an unfilled state, and the box in a state of floating in water swings. In the swing prevention device of the box body provided with a tank having a structure in which the fluid flows downward in the tilting direction of the box body in the accommodating portion.
As the tank, the elongated tank having a width of 20% or less with respect to the length in the longitudinal direction has a specific first direction in a plan view and a second direction in which the tank intersects the first direction in a plan view, respectively. The first-direction tank that is extended and installed in the first direction straddles the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the first orthogonal direction orthogonal to the first direction in a plan view. The second-direction tank extended in the second direction is arranged at a position straddling the center of gravity of the box when viewed from the second orthogonal direction orthogonal to the second direction in a plan view. The first-way tank and the second-way tank are independent and do not communicate with each other, and are a device for preventing rocking of a box.

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