JP7055311B1 - Manufacturing method of humic substance solution and humic substance - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of humic substance solution and humic substance Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- -1 ferrous compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002233 Penicillium roqueforti Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002663 humin Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003450 growing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
【課題】 廃菌床から、腐植物質の有する機能を損なわず、カビの繁殖抑制効果の高い腐植物質溶液の製造方法を提供する。【解決手段】 廃菌床に腐植物質の抽出溶媒である２価の鉄イオン水溶液により、前記廃菌床に含まれる前記腐植物質を前記抽出溶媒に抽出する。【選択図】 なしPROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a humic substance solution having a high effect of suppressing the growth of mold from a waste fungus bed without impairing the function of the humic substance. SOLUTION: The humic substance contained in the waste fungus bed is extracted into the extraction solvent by a divalent iron ion aqueous solution which is an extraction solvent of humic substance in the waste fungus bed. [Selection diagram] None
Description
本発明は、廃菌床から腐植物質を抽出し、腐植物質溶液を得る腐植物質溶液の製造方法及び当該腐植物質溶液から得られる腐植物質に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a humic substance solution for extracting humic substances from a waste fungus bed to obtain a humic substance solution, and a humic substance obtained from the humic substance solution.
近年、栄養成分として、フルボ酸等の腐植物質が注目されるようになってきた。しかしながら、腐植物質は、工業的に量産するのが難しく、また、カビの温床になりやすく、保存等が難しいという問題があった。 In recent years, humic substances such as fulvic acid have been attracting attention as nutritional components. However, humic substances have problems that it is difficult to mass-produce them industrially, they tend to become hotbeds for molds, and they are difficult to store.
そのような中、廃菌床から腐植物質を抽出して得る取組みが出てきた。廃菌床には腐植物質が豊富に含まれているからである。例えば、培養後きのこ菌床からのフルボ酸溶液の製造方法において、前記菌床の主成分が木質チップであり、前記菌床の縦、横、長さ方向全体に概ね菌糸が届いていると視認でき、かつ、脆性が高いと官能評価されたきのこ菌床を良とし、それ以外を否とする第１ステップと、前記きのこ菌床を容器に封入し、前記容器底部に溶液を溶出させる第２ステップと、前記第１ステップで良と評価されたきのこ菌床について前記第２ステップの溶出液のｐＨを確認する第３ステップと、前記第３ステップで確認されたｐＨが４．０以下の溶液の色彩と前記１ステップで否と評価されたきのこ菌床の前記第２ステップの溶液の色彩が、マンセル表色系のマンセル色相環（４０色相）においていずれか一方の色相を０とし、前記色相に対して右廻り＋２０、左廻り－２０で表示した際に、他方の色相が＋４～＋６、又は－４～－６の色相範囲にあるものを良と判断する第４ステップからなり、前記第４ステップで良と判断されたものをフルボ酸溶液とすることを特徴とするフルボ酸溶液の製造方法（特許文献１）が、廃菌床から腐植物質を得る具体例として挙げられる。 Under such circumstances, efforts have been made to extract humic substances from waste fungus beds. This is because the waste fungus bed is rich in humic substances. For example, in the method for producing a fluboic acid solution from a mushroom bed after culturing, it is visually recognized that the main component of the fungus bed is wood chips and the mycelium has almost reached the entire length, width, and length of the fungus bed. The first step is to reject the mushroom bed, which is functionally evaluated to be good and highly brittle, and the second step is to enclose the mushroom bed in a container and elute the solution at the bottom of the container. Steps, the third step of confirming the pH of the eluent of the second step for the mushroom bed evaluated as good in the first step, and the solution having a pH of 4.0 or less confirmed in the third step. And the color of the solution of the second step of the mushroom bed evaluated as negative in the first step, one of the hues in the Mansell hue circle (40 hues) of the Mansell color system is set to 0, and the hue is said to be 0. The fourth step consists of the fourth step of determining that the other hue is in the hue range of +4 to +6 or -4 to -6 when the other hue is displayed in the clockwise +20 and counterclockwise -20. A method for producing a fluvoic acid solution (Patent Document 1), which comprises using a fluvoic acid solution determined to be good in 4 steps, is given as a specific example of obtaining rot plant matter from a waste fungus bed.
しかしながら、上述のように、廃菌床から得られた腐植物質にはカビが繁殖しやすいという問題がある。廃菌床から得られた腐植物質溶液は、カビの温床となりやすい。当該溶液は、通常、１～３日間の室温放置により白カビや青カビ等に覆われてしまう。カビが繁殖した腐植物質は、商品価値がなくなる。 However, as described above, there is a problem that mold easily grows in the humic substance obtained from the waste fungus bed. The humic solution obtained from the waste fungus bed tends to be a hotbed for mold. The solution is usually covered with mildew, blue mold, etc. by leaving it at room temperature for 1 to 3 days. Humic substances on which mold has propagated lose their commercial value.
カビを発生させないようにするための方法としては、防カビ剤等の薬品の添加、紫外線、オゾン、煮沸等による処理等が挙げられる。しかしながら、このような方法は、腐植物質が有する栄養成分にも影響を与え、腐植物質の品質を低下させる可能性がある。 Examples of the method for preventing the generation of mold include addition of chemicals such as an antifungal agent, treatment with ultraviolet rays, ozone, boiling and the like. However, such a method also affects the nutritional components of the humic substance and may reduce the quality of the humic substance.
このように、廃菌床から得られた腐植物質におけるカビの繁殖は、腐植物質の流通を妨げる大きな問題となっている。腐植物質の品質低下を招くことなく、カビの繁殖を防止することが求められる。 As described above, the growth of mold in the humus obtained from the waste fungus bed has become a big problem that hinders the distribution of the humus. It is required to prevent the growth of mold without causing deterioration of the quality of humic substances.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、廃菌床から、腐植物質の有する機能を損なわず、かつ、カビの繁殖抑制効果の大きい腐植物質溶液の製造方法を提供することである。 An object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing a humic substance solution from a waste fungus bed, which does not impair the function of the humic substance and has a large effect of suppressing the growth of mold.
第１の発明は、廃菌床に腐植物質の抽出溶媒を加え、前記廃菌床に含まれる腐植物質を前記抽出溶媒に抽出する腐植物質溶液の製造方法であって、前記腐植物質を抽出するための前記抽出溶媒が、２価の鉄イオン水溶液である腐植物質溶液の製造方法である。また、第２の発明は、前記２価の鉄イオンの濃度が５００ｐｐｍ以上である第１の発明の腐植物質溶液の製造方法である。また、第３の発明は、前記腐植物質を抽出するための前記抽出溶媒が、さらに竹酢液又は木酢液を含むものである第１又は第２の発明の腐植物質溶液の製造方法である。また、第４の発明は、第１～第３のいずれかの発明の腐植物質溶液を乾燥させ、残存固形物を腐植物質として得る腐植物質の製造方法である。 The first invention is a method for producing a rot vegetable solution in which an extraction solvent for rot vegetable substance is added to a waste bacillus bed and the rot plant substance contained in the waste bacillus bed is extracted into the extraction solvent, and the rot plant substance is extracted. The extraction solvent for this purpose is a method for producing a rot vegetable solution which is a divalent iron ion aqueous solution. The second invention is the method for producing a humic substance solution of the first invention, wherein the concentration of the divalent iron ion is 500 ppm or more. The third invention is the method for producing a humic substance solution of the first or second invention, wherein the extraction solvent for extracting the humic substance further contains a bamboo vinegar solution or a wood vinegar solution. Further, the fourth invention is a method for producing humic substance, which is obtained by drying the humic substance solution of any one of the first to third inventions to obtain a residual solid substance as humic substance.
本発明では、廃菌床から腐植物質を得るための抽出溶媒として２価の鉄イオン水溶液が用いられることで、品質を損なわず、廃菌床から得られた腐植物質溶液にカビが繁殖するのを防止する効果が期待できる。また、抽出溶媒として２価鉄イオンと竹酢液又は木酢液の組合せが用いられることで、より大きなカビ繁殖抑制効果等が期待できる。 In the present invention, by using a divalent iron ion aqueous solution as an extraction solvent for obtaining humic substance from the waste fungus bed, mold grows in the humic substance solution obtained from the waste fungus bed without impairing the quality. Can be expected to have the effect of preventing. Further, by using a combination of divalent iron ion and bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar as the extraction solvent, a larger effect of suppressing mold growth can be expected.
廃菌床から腐植物質の抽出方法の検討について、以下に示す。 The study of the extraction method of humic substances from the waste fungus bed is shown below.
＜腐植物質＞
腐植物質は、落ち葉や枯れ葉等の植物リターが微生物によって分解される過程で生じる有機物の総称のことである。分子量は、数百から数万であり、フルボ酸、フミン酸、ヒューミンに分類される。腐植物質は、植物や微生物等への栄養分の供給や錯体形成等を通じて、環境中で多くの役割を担っている。
<Humic substance>
Humic substances are a general term for organic substances produced in the process of decomposition of plant litter such as fallen leaves and dead leaves by microorganisms. It has a molecular weight of several hundred to tens of thousands and is classified into fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin. Humic substances play many roles in the environment through the supply of nutrients to plants and microorganisms and the formation of complexes.
本発明における腐植物質は、廃菌床から抽出されるものである。具体的には、特許第６３３１２０６号公報に記載されたきのこの廃菌床からの抽出が挙げられる。ただし、廃菌床の種類は、限定されるものではなく、どのようなものであってもよい。 The humic substance in the present invention is extracted from the waste fungus bed. Specifically, the extraction from the waste fungus bed of mushrooms described in Japanese Patent No. 6331206 can be mentioned. However, the type of waste fungus bed is not limited and may be any.
＜鉄イオン水溶液＞
２価の鉄イオン水溶液としては、塩化第一鉄、硝酸第一鉄、硫酸第一鉄等、各種第一鉄水溶液等が用いられたものでよい。
<Iron ion aqueous solution>
As the divalent iron ion aqueous solution, various ferrous iron aqueous solutions such as ferrous chloride, ferrous nitrate, ferrous sulfate and the like may be used.
＜竹酢液、木酢液＞
竹酢液、木酢液は、木，竹，草，残滓等の未分解の有機物を炭の製造過程で産出されるものである。具体的には、特許第５３５４６３３号公報や特開２０１９－１５６７１４号公報に記載の竹酢液、木酢液と同じものが適宜調整されて使用されるものでよい。ただし、竹酢液、木酢液は、これらに限定されるもではなく、どのようなものであってもよい。
<Bamboo vinegar, wood vinegar>
Bamboo vinegar and wood vinegar are produced from undecomposed organic substances such as wood, bamboo, grass, and residue in the process of producing charcoal. Specifically, the same bamboo vinegar and wood vinegar described in Japanese Patent No. 5354633 and JP-A-2019-156714 may be appropriately adjusted and used. However, the bamboo vinegar and the wood vinegar are not limited to these, and may be any kind.
＜腐食物質抽出の評価指標＞
腐植物質は、黒褐色から赤褐色まで、その中の成分に応じ、独自の色を呈する。腐植物質に含まれる成分は、一般的にフルボ酸、ヒューミン、フミン酸に分類され、ｐＨ領域によって溶解成分が異なり、また、色も異なってくる。そして、同一成分の場合、色味が強くなるほど、その成分の濃度が高くなる。このような知見等が、後述の実施例における、腐植物質の抽出量等の評価（観察による目視評価）に利用された。
<Evaluation index for corrosive substance extraction>
Humic substances have a unique color, from dark brown to reddish brown, depending on the components in them. The components contained in humic substances are generally classified into fulvic acid, humin, and humic acid, and the dissolved components differ depending on the pH range, and the colors also differ. In the case of the same component, the stronger the color, the higher the concentration of the component. Such findings and the like were used for evaluation (visual evaluation by observation) of the amount of humic substance extracted and the like in the examples described later.
＜実施例１＞
抽出溶媒の検討と結果について、以下に説明する。
<Example 1>
The examination and results of the extraction solvent will be described below.
通常、廃菌床からの腐植物質の抽出は、水が入った容器中に廃菌床が全て浸る状態で２４～４８時間維持されることで行われる。この間、腐植物質が容器の水中に溶出する。その後、廃菌床が水中から取り上げられ、容器の残存水が、腐植物質溶液として得られる。 Usually, the extraction of humic substances from the waste fungus bed is carried out by keeping the waste fungus bed completely immersed in a container containing water for 24 to 48 hours. During this time, humic substances elute into the water of the container. The waste bed is then removed from the water and the residual water in the container is obtained as a humic solution.
本実施例は、各種抽出溶媒の腐植物質抽出効果についての検討である。常温の水を比較対象に、抽出溶媒として、沸騰水、竹酢液（ｐＨ４～５）、木酢液（ｐＨ４～５）、２価の鉄イオン（１０００ｐｐｍ）溶液が用いられた。 This example is a study on the humic substance extraction effect of various extraction solvents. Boiling water, bamboo vinegar (pH 4-5), wood vinegar (pH 4-5), and divalent iron ion (1000 ppm) solutions were used as extraction solvents for water at room temperature.
表１は、各溶媒による腐植物質抽出量の相対評価を示すものである。
次に、上記各種溶媒による抽出後の腐植物質溶液が、室温で保存に供された。表２は、保存３日経過後の腐植物質溶液の性状を示したものである。
＜実施例２＞
溶媒が鉄イオン水溶液である場合の抽出効果の追加検討と結果について、以下に示す。
<Example 2>
The additional studies and results of the extraction effect when the solvent is an aqueous iron ion solution are shown below.
腐植物質抽出溶媒として、硫酸第１鉄により、１００ｐｐｍから１０００ｐｐｍまで異なる濃度の鉄イオン水溶液が用意された。当該溶液により、実施例１と同じ方法で腐植物質の抽出及び保存が行われた。 As the humic substance extraction solvent, ferrous sulfate was used to prepare iron ion aqueous solutions having different concentrations from 100 ppm to 1000 ppm. The solution was used to extract and preserve humic substances in the same manner as in Example 1.
まず、腐植物質の抽出量は、水（比較対象）との比較では、どの鉄イオン水溶液においても同程度であった。次に、腐植物質抽出後の腐植物質溶液の保存状態は、２価鉄イオン濃度約５００ｐｐｍ付近を境に、それ以上の濃度においてカビの繁殖が大きく減少し、それ以下の濃度では、カビの繁殖が多く確認される傾向があった。図１は、繰り返し行った抗カビ試験結果の一例（抽出液保存後の抽出液表面の様子の例）を示すものである。抽出液の２価鉄イオン濃度が低くなるほど急速にカビが繁殖することが確認された。 First, the amount of humic substance extracted was about the same in all iron ion aqueous solutions as compared with water (comparison target). Next, in the storage state of the humic substance solution after extraction of humic substance, the growth of mold is greatly reduced at a concentration higher than the divalent iron ion concentration of about 500 ppm, and the growth of mold is greatly reduced at a concentration lower than that. Tend to be confirmed in large numbers. FIG. 1 shows an example of the results of repeated antifungal tests (an example of the appearance of the surface of the extract after storage of the extract). It was confirmed that the lower the concentration of ferrous ion in the extract, the more rapidly the mold grows.
＜実施例１及び２からの考察＞
表１が示すように、廃菌床から腐植物質を得るための抽出溶媒は、いずれにおいても同程度の抽出効果を有することが確認された。さらに、表２が示す結果からは、腐植物質溶液のカビ繁殖抑制効果は、竹酢液、木酢液、鉄イオン水溶液が高いことが確認された。これらの結果から、竹酢液、木酢液、鉄イオン水溶液が腐植物質の抽出効果と保存効果の両方の効果を備える溶媒であることが示唆された。
<Discussion from Examples 1 and 2>
As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the extraction solvents for obtaining humic substances from the waste fungus bed had the same level of extraction effect in each case. Furthermore, from the results shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the bamboo vinegar solution, the wood vinegar solution, and the iron ion aqueous solution had a high effect of suppressing the growth of mold of the humic substance solution. From these results, it was suggested that bamboo vinegar, wood vinegar, and iron ion aqueous solution are solvents that have both the extraction effect and the preservation effect of humic substances.
ただし、竹酢液、木酢液は、その濃度に応じて、それ自体に殺菌効果、消臭効果、植物や微生物等の増殖効果等を有することが知られている。そのため、竹酢液や木酢液で抽出された腐植物質溶液がそのまま各用途に利用される場合、その効果が竹酢液や木酢液によるものか、腐植物質によるものか、それら両方によるものなのかを切り分けた判断が困難である。そうすると、竹酢液、木酢液と腐植物質の両方の濃度が正確に把握され、濃度調整されたものでないと、目的とする効果が得られない、逆効果となる（例えば、植物の成長促進が目的の場合において、竹酢液や木酢液の濃度が高いと殺菌効果が発揮される）、といった問題が生じることになる。 However, it is known that bamboo vinegar and wood vinegar themselves have a bactericidal effect, a deodorizing effect, a growth effect of plants, microorganisms, and the like, depending on their concentrations. Therefore, when the humic substance solution extracted with bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar is used as it is for each purpose, is the effect due to bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar, humic substance, or both? It is difficult to make a distinctive judgment. Then, the concentrations of both bamboo vinegar, wood vinegar, and rot plant matter must be accurately grasped and adjusted, otherwise the desired effect cannot be obtained, which is counterproductive (for example, promotion of plant growth). In the case of the purpose, if the concentration of bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar is high, the bactericidal effect will be exhibited).
実施例２では、上述の問題回避を念頭に、鉄イオン水溶液が抽出溶媒として選択された。実施例２によると、２価鉄イオン濃度が高くなるほど、カビ繁殖抑制効果が確認された。そして、当該効果が大きくなる濃度の目安は、５００ｐｐｍであった。ただし、５００ｐｐｍ以下の濃度においても、一定のカビ抑制効果は認められるため、５００ｐｐｍより低い濃度（例えば、１００ｐｐｍやそれ以下の濃度）における腐植物質の抽出や保存が否定されるわけではない。また、その後の追加検証によって、２価鉄イオンと、実施例１よりも低濃度の竹酢液又は木酢液の組合せによっても、カビ繁殖抑制効果が確認された。この場合の２価鉄イオン濃度は、１００～５００ｐｐｍであった。これは、２価鉄イオンと竹酢液又は木酢液の組合せが抽出溶媒の効果を増大させることを示唆するものである。また、２価鉄イオンがさらに低濃度で、かつ、竹酢液や木酢液がより低濃度であっても、カビ繁殖抑制効果を奏することが期待できることを示唆するものである。 In Example 2, the iron ion aqueous solution was selected as the extraction solvent in consideration of avoiding the above-mentioned problems. According to Example 2, the higher the concentration of divalent iron ions, the more the effect of suppressing mold growth was confirmed. The guideline for the concentration at which the effect was increased was 500 ppm. However, since a certain mold-suppressing effect is observed even at a concentration of 500 ppm or less, the extraction and storage of humic substances at a concentration lower than 500 ppm (for example, a concentration of 100 ppm or less) is not denied. Further, by the subsequent additional verification, the mold growth suppressing effect was confirmed even by the combination of the divalent iron ion and the bamboo vinegar or the wood vinegar having a lower concentration than that of Example 1. The divalent iron ion concentration in this case was 100 to 500 ppm. This suggests that the combination of divalent iron ion and bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar enhances the effect of the extraction solvent. Further, it is suggested that even if the concentration of divalent iron ion is lower and the concentration of bamboo vinegar or wood vinegar is lower, the effect of suppressing mold growth can be expected.
ここで、実施例１、２では、竹酢液、木酢液の腐植物質抽出効果とカビ繁殖抑制効果は、単にｐＨに基づくものなのかどうか判断が困難である。そこで、竹酢液、木酢液と同等以下のｐＨ（ｐＨ２～５）のクエン酸水溶液によって追加検証された。クエン酸水溶液を抽出溶媒とする腐植物質抽出効果は、竹酢液、木酢液と同程度以下で、また、いずれのｐＨにおいても、抽出後の溶媒からカビの繁殖が確認される結果となった。すなわち、ｐＨではなく、竹酢液、木酢液自体のカビ繁殖抑制効果が大きいことが示唆された。 Here, in Examples 1 and 2, it is difficult to determine whether the humic substance extraction effect and the mold growth suppressing effect of the bamboo vinegar and the wood vinegar are simply based on pH. Therefore, additional verification was carried out with a citric acid aqueous solution having a pH (pH 2 to 5) equal to or lower than that of bamboo vinegar and wood vinegar. The effect of extracting humic substances using an aqueous solution of citrate as an extraction solvent was less than that of bamboo vinegar and wood vinegar, and at any pH, the growth of mold was confirmed from the solvent after extraction. .. That is, it was suggested that the bamboo vinegar and the wood vinegar themselves had a large effect of suppressing mold growth, not the pH.
また、詳細は省略するが、上述の方法によって廃菌床から得られたフルボ酸溶液は、きのこ栽培において、別の方法で得られたフルボ酸溶液（既存商品）と同等レベルのきのこ育成効果が得られることが確認されている。従って、上述のいずれかの方法で得られたフルボ酸溶液は、所定の品質を有することが示唆される。 Although details are omitted, the fulvic acid solution obtained from the waste fungus bed by the above method has the same level of mushroom growing effect as the fulvic acid solution (existing product) obtained by another method in mushroom cultivation. It has been confirmed that it can be obtained. Therefore, it is suggested that the fulvic acid solution obtained by any of the above methods has a predetermined quality.
また、実施例１の繰り返し評価によって、抽出水の温度が２０℃の場合、十分な量の腐植物質の抽出に要する時間は４８時間であることが確認された。これに対し、抽出水の温度が少なくとも７０℃あれば、２０℃の水と同程度の量の腐植物質が１時間で得られることが確認された。すなわち、高温の鉄イオン水溶液により、廃菌床から迅速に腐植物質を抽出できることが示唆された。抽出時間が短いと、カビの温床たる廃菌床から受ける影響も軽減されるため、カビ繁殖の抑制効果に資することが示唆される。 Further, by repeated evaluation of Example 1, it was confirmed that when the temperature of the extracted water was 20 ° C., the time required for extracting a sufficient amount of humic substance was 48 hours. On the other hand, it was confirmed that if the temperature of the extracted water is at least 70 ° C., the same amount of humic substance as water at 20 ° C. can be obtained in 1 hour. That is, it was suggested that humic substances could be rapidly extracted from the waste fungus bed by using a high-temperature iron ion aqueous solution. When the extraction time is short, the influence of the waste fungus bed, which is a hotbed of mold, is reduced, which suggests that it contributes to the effect of suppressing mold growth.
以上の方法によって抽出され、得られた腐植物質溶液は、乾燥によって粉末状となったものについても、カビ繁殖は認められなかった。すなわち、粉末状での保存が可能であり、必要に応じて適宜、溶液化される等して使用可能であることが示唆された。また、粉末状にされることで腐植物質が乾燥状態となり、カビ繁殖抑制効果が大きくなることが示唆される。 No mold growth was observed in the humic solution extracted by the above method and obtained in the form of powder by drying. That is, it was suggested that it can be stored in powder form and can be used by being appropriately liquefied as needed. In addition, it is suggested that the humic substance becomes dry when it is made into a powder, and the effect of suppressing mold growth is enhanced.
本発明は、カビ繁殖が抑制された腐植物質の製造に限らず、これを大量に生産し、保存する分野に利用可能である。例えば、きのこ農家との連携により、農家の現場又は廃菌床輸送先において、腐植物質溶液や固形の腐植物質が量産、ストックされ、流通に資することが想定される。
The present invention is not limited to the production of humic substances in which mold growth is suppressed, but can be used in the field of mass production and storage of humic substances. For example, in collaboration with mushroom farmers, it is expected that humic solutions and solid humus will be mass-produced and stocked at the farm's site or at the destination of waste fungus beds, contributing to distribution.
Claims (4)
前記腐植物質を抽出するための前記抽出溶媒が、第一鉄化合物水溶液である腐植物質溶液の製造方法。 A method for producing a humic substance solution, which comprises adding a humic substance extraction solvent to a waste fungus bed and extracting the humic substance contained in the waste fungus bed into the extraction solvent.
A method for producing a humic substance solution in which the extraction solvent for extracting the humic substance is an aqueous solution of a ferrous compound .
前記腐植物質を抽出するための前記抽出溶媒が、２価の鉄イオン水溶液であり、さらに竹酢液又は木酢液を含むものである腐植物質溶液の製造方法。 A method for producing a humic substance solution, which comprises adding a humic substance extraction solvent to a waste fungus bed and extracting the humic substance contained in the waste fungus bed into the extraction solvent.
A method for producing a humic substance solution , wherein the extraction solvent for extracting the humic substance is a divalent iron ion aqueous solution and further contains bamboo vinegar solution or wood vinegar solution.
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| JP2000136140A (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-16 | Ra Purata Koeki Kk | Aqueous solution containing substance extracted from humic soil |
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| WO2014038596A1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | コヨウ株式会社 | Method for producing iron fulvate material containing soluble silica |
| JP6331206B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-30 | 株式会社日本ソフケン | Method for evaluating quality of fulvic acid solution and method for producing fulvic acid solution |
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| JPS60180589A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-14 | Sumitomo Ringyo Kk | Preparation of complex of immobilized microorganism having plant pathogen-controlling activity |
| JPH05176629A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-07-20 | Enzaimu Kk | Method for culturing lentinus edodes by humus |
| JPH0928183A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-04 | Nippon Nousan Kogyo Kk | Agent for increasing mushroom harvest |
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| JP2000136140A (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-16 | Ra Purata Koeki Kk | Aqueous solution containing substance extracted from humic soil |
| JP2006111537A (en) | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Marinekkus:Kk | Carcinostatic composition and food containing the same |
| WO2014038596A1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | コヨウ株式会社 | Method for producing iron fulvate material containing soluble silica |
| JP6331206B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-30 | 株式会社日本ソフケン | Method for evaluating quality of fulvic acid solution and method for producing fulvic acid solution |
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