JP7051039B2 - Sediment disaster evacuation notification system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention measures the amount of ground movement caused by landslides and landslides, receives the measurement results with a personal computer using the UAV as a relay base station, and calculates the prediction of sediment-related disasters from the measurement results to call attention. It is related to the sediment disaster evacuation notification system.

In recent years, there are concerns that the frequency of sudden torrential rains will increase, the urgency of large-scale earthquakes will increase, and active volcanic activity will cause more and more incentives to cause sediment-related disasters. Predicting the occurrence of sediment-related disasters is essential for disaster prevention measures, and various systems have been proposed so far. For example, in Patent Document 1, GPS is used to measure crustal movements, and changes in the distance on the ground surface are observed. At that time, GPS coordinates obtained as observation data are converted into map coordinates to analyze the data. A disaster prediction method has been proposed. Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, the difference between the three-dimensional model created from the image data captured by a plurality of cameras and the three-dimensional coordinate data acquired by the displacement detection unit is calculated, and the calculated displacement amount is set in advance. A system that outputs a warning command when the value is equal to or higher than the threshold value has been proposed. Further, in Patent Document 3, a target installed on a slope to be monitored such as a mountain surface is photographed by a plurality of displacement detection devices from different directions, and the displacement information of the slope on which the target is installed is detected using the images to obtain an abnormal displacement. Is proposed to be configured to issue an alarm when determined.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-250624 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-180681 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-64680

However, in the method shown in Patent Document 1, since the position data received by the GPS receiver is configured to be transmitted from the GPS receiver to the position measuring device, the position data is wirelessly transmitted from the position measuring device to the external device. In that case, it was necessary to install a position measuring device within the reach of radio waves, and the installation location was limited. On the other hand, there are many places where sediment-related disasters occur, such as near mountain peaks and hills where it is difficult to install receivers and transmitters and relay with conventional wireless communication standards, and even if communication infrastructure is to be developed, it will cost a lot. There was a problem that it was necessary.

Further, as shown in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, it is actually difficult to directly image the ground in a system that images the ground using a camera. For example, if trees grow between the camera and the ground to be monitored, or if trees and flowers grow on the ground over time and the ground cannot be seen, it becomes impossible to directly image the ground, and the ground becomes impossible. It becomes impossible to detect the change of.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can reliably detect the amount of fluctuation in the ground and reliably relay the detected fluctuation amount to an external device, and the operating cost is low. The purpose is to provide a costly sediment disaster evacuation notification system at low cost.

Therefore, a plurality of sediment disaster evacuation notification systems of the present invention are installed in a dangerous area where a sediment disaster due to a ground collapse may occur, and the three-dimensional position coordinates of the position where the self is installed by communication with a GPS satellite are obtained. A GPS slave unit that can measure and calculate the fluctuation amount when the measured three-dimensional position coordinates fluctuate and send it to the GPS master unit, receive the fluctuation amount from the GPS slave unit, and send and receive data to and from the autonomous UAV. Based on the possible GPS master unit, the autonomous UAV that flies on a predetermined route, receives data from the GPS master unit, and enables data relay to the data center, and the data received from the autonomous UAV. The first feature is to have a data center for predicting sediment-related disasters. The second feature of the data center is that it issues an alarm when the fluctuation amount exceeds the threshold value.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) Since an autonomous UAV is used, this system can be installed to predict or monitor the occurrence of sediment-related disasters even in remote mountains and other places where communication infrastructure is not maintained. Since there is no need to develop communication infrastructure, operating costs can be reduced. In addition, data can be reliably transmitted from a detector such as a GPS slave unit to an external device such as a data center.
(2) Since the amount of change in the ground is detected to predict sediment-related disasters, it is possible to make predictions based on objective facts and, by extension, issue warnings.

It is a block diagram of the earth and sand disaster evacuation notification system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the ground disaster prediction system which concerns on embodiment of this invention shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, the sediment-related disaster evacuation notification system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of sediment disaster evacuation notification systems in the present invention are installed in the danger zone H, measure the three-dimensional position coordinates of the position where they are installed by communication with a GPS satellite, and this three-dimensional A GPS slave unit 12 that can calculate the fluctuation amount when the position coordinates fluctuate and send it to the GPS master unit 11, and a GPS master that can receive the fluctuation amount from the GPS slave unit 12 and can send and receive data to and from the autonomous UAV 13. Based on the autonomous UAV 13 that flies on the aircraft 11 and a predetermined route, receives data from the GPS master unit 11 and enables data relay to the data center 14, and the data received from the autonomous UAV 13, sediment It is a system composed of a data center 14 for predicting a disaster. Here, the dangerous area H refers to an area where a sediment-related disaster due to a ground collapse may occur.

The GPS master unit 11 also serves as a data collection box for the plurality of GPS slave units 12 and plays a role of transmitting and receiving data. The GPS master unit 11 has a reception function for receiving a data transmission command from an autonomous UAV 13 or a data center 14, which receives fluctuation amounts (displacement information) for each GPS slave unit 12 from a plurality of GPS slave units 12. It has a memory function for storing the fluctuation amount of each GPS slave unit 12, a transmission function for transmitting the fluctuation amount stored in the memory function to the autonomous UAV 13 or the data center 14, and a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit may be fitted with a structure in which electric power is supplied from commercial electric power by wire, or a structure in which electric power is supplied by being connected to a power storage device such as a battery or a power generation device such as a solar panel. If the GPS slave unit 12 can obtain electric power independently, it is not necessary to connect the GPS slave unit 12 and the GPS master unit 11 with the wired cable 15, and the present embodiment is not limited to this. However, in that case, the GPS slave unit 12 and the GPS master unit 11 must be configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving data by wireless communication with each other.

When the GPS slave unit 12 changes its three-dimensional position coordinates, the GPS slave unit 12 transmits the fluctuation amount to the GPS master unit 11. The GPS slave unit 12 has a reception function for receiving radio waves constantly or regularly transmitted from GPS satellites (not shown), calculates its own three-dimensional position coordinates from the received radio waves, and has three-dimensional position coordinates. A calculation function that calculates the amount of fluctuation when it fluctuates, a time counting function that counts the time when it fluctuates, a memory function that stores the calculated three-dimensional position coordinates, the amount of fluctuation, and the time, and the GPS master unit 11. It has a transmission function for transmitting data in the memory function (identification number of GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time). As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of GPS slave units 12 and a GPS master unit 11 are connected by a wired cable 15, and the operating power of the GPS slave unit 12 can be supplied via the wired cable 15. .. Further, the data in the GPS slave unit 12 is configured to be receivable to the GPS master unit 11 via the wired cable 15.

The GPS master unit 11 configured as described above and the plurality of GPS slave units 12 connected to the GPS master unit 11 are installed on the ground surface of the danger zone H where a sediment disaster is predicted, for example, due to changes in the ground surface. When the three-dimensional position coordinates of the GPS slave unit 12 fluctuate, the amount of fluctuation is calculated instantly and transmitted to the GPS master unit 11, which GPS slave unit 12 fluctuates at what time and how much. Recorded.

The autonomous UAV 13 is an aerial navigation aircraft capable of autonomously flying on a predetermined route. Examples of such an autonomous UAV include a VTOL drone manufactured by Swift Engineering. The autonomous UAV 13 is a low power wide area communication method (Low Power Wide Area, hereinafter referred to as "LPWA") that realizes long-distance communication with low power consumption, which is one of the specified low power wireless communication technologies, with the GPS master unit 11. A receiver that is capable of wireless communication with each other and receives data (identification number of GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time) stored in the GPS master unit 11 and received data (GPS). It has a memory function that records the identification number of the slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time), sends a signal when it reaches an area where transmission and reception is possible with the GPS master unit 11, and also sends data to the data center 14. It is equipped with a transmitter to transmit. Therefore, the GPS master unit 11 can be installed in a place where the autonomous UAV 13 can fly. Further, the autonomous UAV 13 can be used as a data relay base station. In addition to the LPWA communication method, various wireless communications such as Bluetooth (“Bluetooth” is a registered trademark) can be used, but the LPWA communication method capable of communicating over a distance of 100 km to 200 km is preferable. Further, the autonomous UAV 13 can be flown on a regular basis, for example, every two hours, or can be flown as needed.

The data center 14 is a terminal device that predicts and displays the possibility of a sediment-related disaster based on the amount of fluctuation detected by the GPS slave unit 12. The data center 14 is a terminal device such as a personal computer installed in an administrative agency such as a city hall or a prefectural office, and stores and calculates data (identification number of GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time). Any device that can display is acceptable, and is not particularly limited.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the processing of each of the above-mentioned devices will be specifically described. As shown in FIG. 2, the GPS slave unit 12 calculates and acquires its own position information (three-dimensional position coordinates) based on the radio waves transmitted from the GPS satellites at all times or on a regular basis (step 1). At this time, if the position information fluctuates and the coordinate displacement is detected (step 2), the fluctuation amount is calculated and the displacement information (variation amount, three-dimensional position coordinates before and after the fluctuation, fluctuation) is sent to the GPS master unit 11. (Step 3), and the GPS master unit 11 accumulates the displacement information received from the GPS slave unit 12 (step 4). If the coordinate displacement is not detected, the acquisition of the position information is repeated again.

The autonomous UAV 13 is flying on a predetermined route, that is, a certain route from the starting point (for example, the data center 14) to the range where wireless communication is possible with the GPS master unit 11 and returning to the starting point. When the autonomous UAV 13 reaches an area where transmission / reception is possible with the GPS master unit 11, it transmits a signal to the GPS master unit 11 (step 5). Upon receiving the signal, the GPS master unit 11 transmits the data (identification number of the GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time) stored in the GPS master unit 11 to the autonomous UAV 13 (step 6). .. The autonomous UAV 13 that has received the data returns to the data center 14 and transmits the data received from the GPS master unit 11 to the data center 14 (step 7). That is, it functions as a relay base station between the GPS master unit 11 and the data center 14.

When the GPS master unit 11 is installed at a position capable of wireless communication with the data center 14, wireless communication is performed directly from the GPS master unit 11 to the data center 14 by the LPWA communication method as shown in FIG. The data stored in the GPS master unit 11 (identification number of the GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time) is not relayed to the autonomous UAV 13.

The data center 14 analyzes the received data (identification number of the GPS slave unit 12, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, time) (step 8), displays the analysis result, and if necessary, such as when the threshold is exceeded. And issue an alarm (step 9). It is preferable to link the display of the analysis result to the hazard map. For example, the GPS slave unit 12 in which the fluctuation amount is detected is displayed in the mapping, and the dangerous area is colored and displayed based on the fluctuation amount. More specifically, if the fluctuation amount is less than 10 cm, it is displayed in yellow as a cautionary observation target, and if the fluctuation amount is 10 cm to 20 cm, it is colored orange as an alarm issuance target and an evacuation advisory target. If it is displayed and the fluctuation amount is 20 cm or more, it is displayed in red as a warning target and an evacuation order target.

The gist of the present invention is that the autonomous UAV 13 can be used as a relay base station, and the fluctuation amount detected by the GPS slave unit 12 can be quickly and surely transmitted to the data center 14 even in the mountains where radio waves do not reach in the past. It is a point. Therefore, the method of analyzing the occurrence prediction of sediment-related disasters from the fluctuation amount in the data center 14 is not limited to the above example, and it is of course possible to make modifications within a range that does not deviate from the gist.

11 GPS master unit 12 GPS slave unit 13 Autonomous UAV
14 Data Center 15 Wired Cable H Hazardous Area

Claims (2)

When multiple installations are made in a dangerous area where sediment disasters due to ground collapse may occur, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the position where they are installed are measured by communication with the GPS satellite, and the measured three-dimensional position coordinates fluctuate. Multiple GPS slave units that can calculate the amount of fluctuation and send it to the GPS master unit via a wired connection, and multiple GPS slave units that are connected via a wired connection and from multiple GPS slave units to each GPS slave unit It receives data (GPS slave unit identification number, three-dimensional position coordinates, fluctuation amount, and time), and flies with an autonomous UAV, a GPS master unit that can send and receive data, and a predetermined route, and is a GPS master. A sediment disaster evacuation characterized by having an autonomous UAV that receives data from the machine and enables data relay to the data center, and a data center that predicts sediment disasters based on the data received from the autonomous UAV. Notification system. The sediment-related disaster evacuation notification system according to claim 1, wherein the data center issues an alarm when the fluctuation amount exceeds a threshold value.

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