JP7050946B2 - 共有結合の適合可能な網目構造を製造するための化学的方法 - Google Patents
共有結合の適合可能な網目構造を製造するための化学的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本開示は、熱硬化性ポリマーにおいて適合可能な網目構造を可逆的に形成するための方法に関する。
ポリマー材料は、それらの加熱時の挙動によって分類されることが多い。すなわち、熱可塑性樹脂は、それらの融点よりも高い温度で変形かつ流動するが、熱硬化性樹脂は、破壊的分解が起こる温度に達するまで扱いにくいままである。このような分類スキームは、本質的に不可逆的な高度なエクセルゴン反応から形成されるポリマーに適している。しかしながら、容易に転位を起こし得る可逆的共有結合を含むポリマーを使用すると、どちらのカテゴリーにも正確に入らないが、双方の有益な属性を有する材料を創出することができる。さらに、このような重合のリビング性によって、固有の後重合挙動が引き起こされる。
第1の態様では、共有結合により架橋された高分子網目構造を形成するための方法であって、R1-L-X-R3として定義される式(I)の化合物を、HZ-R2として定義される式(II)の化合物と反応させて、R1-L-Yとして定義される式(III)の高分子化合物を形成し、ここで、
R1は、高分子ポリマー骨格を表し、
Lは、アリールまたはアリールアルキルを表し、
R2は、独立して、任意に置換される分枝鎖状または直鎖状C1~C10アルカン、C2~C10アルケン、またはC2~C10アルキンを表し、ここで、任意の置換基は、第2のHZ部分またはカルボン酸エステル部分であり、
R3は、CF3、HまたはC1~C10アルカンを表し、
Xは、-C(O)-、-C(O)-C(CH2)-または-C(CH2)-C(O)-を表し、
Yは、-C(OH)(R3)-Z-R2、-C(O)-CH(R3)-CH2-Z-R2または-CH(C(O)R3)-CH2-Z-R2を表し;かつ
Zは、SまたはNHを表す、方法が提供される。
ポリマーの分解の上記の問題または架橋反応の可逆性に関する困難は、本明細書に開示された方法によって解決され得る。したがって、付加反応を実施することにより、上記の問題が回避され得る。
R1は、高分子ポリマー骨格を表し、
Lは、アリールまたはアリールアルキルを表し、
R2は、独立して、任意に置換される分枝鎖状または直鎖状C1~C10アルカン、C2~C10アルケン、またはC2~C10アルキンを表し、ここで、任意の置換基は、第2のHZ部分またはカルボン酸エステル部分であり、
R3は、CF3、HまたはC1~C10アルカンを表し、
Xは、-C(O)-、-C(O)-C(CH2)-または-C(CH2)-C(O)-を表し、
Yは、-C(OH)(R3)-Z-R2、-C(O)-CH(R3)-CH2-Z-R2または-CH(C(O)R3)-CH2-Z-R2を表し;かつ
Zは、SまたはNHを表す、方法が提供される。
実施例1:トリフルオロアセチル化学
この実施例では、ポリマー高分子上のトリフルオロアセチルペンダント基が、電子受容基として機能し、電子供与ジアミンと容易に反応する。トリフルオロアセチルカルボニルとジアミンとの間の1:1のモル比での架橋反応により、トリフルオロアセチルは、室温で1時間一定に撹拌しながら、ジエチルエーテル中でヘミアミナールまたは両性イオンに変換される。反応は、可逆的であるため、反応バランスをヘミアミナールの形成に向けてシフトする必要があり、これは、溶液にN-トリメチルシリルイミダゾール(0.2M当量)を添加することで達成される。これにより、ヘミアミナール構造がロックされ、したがってトリフルオロアセチル基を形成する逆反応が妨げられる。脱架橋反応は、N-トリメチルシリルイミダゾールの非存在下、ジエチルエーテル中で一定の撹拌を行いながら、室温で1時間同様に行われる。これにより、ヘミアミナールからアミン基およびトリフルオロアセチル高分子基への転位により、元の構造が形成される。
Claims (7)
- 共有結合により架橋された高分子網目構造を形成するための方法であって、R1-L-X-R3として定義される式(I)の化合物を、HZ-R2として定義される式(II)の化合物と反応させて、R1-L-Yとして定義される式(III)の高分子化合物を形成し、ここで、
R1は、高分子ポリマー骨格を表し、
Lは、アリールまたはアリールアルキルを表し、
R2は、独立して、置換基として第2のHZ部分またはカルボン酸エステル部分を有する分枝鎖状または直鎖状C1~C10アルカンを表し、
(a)R 3 が、CF 3 を表し、Xが、-C(O)-を表し、Zが、NHを表し、かつYが、-C(OH)(CF 3 )-NH-R 2 を表す、
(b)R 3 が、Hを表し、Xが、-C(O)-を表し、Zが、Sを表し、かつYが、-CH(OH)-S-R 2 を表す、または
(c)R 3 が、C 1 ~C 10 アルカンを表し、Xが、-C(O)-C(CH 2 )-を表し、Zが、Sを表し、かつYが、-C(O)-CH(-C 1 ~C 10 アルカン)-CH 2 -Z-R 2 を表す、
方法。 - 可逆的である、請求項1記載の方法。
- エネルギー源をさらに含む、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 式(I)および(II)の化合物を、40℃~200℃の温度に曝すことによって、架橋を熱的に誘発する、請求項3記載の方法。
- 式(I)および(II)の化合物を、200nm~500nmの光源に曝すことによって、架橋を光によって活性化する、請求項3記載の方法。
- 架橋反応が、付加反応である、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の方法によって形成された、共有結合した適合可能な網目構造。
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YONEKAWA Morio et al.,Reversible Cross-Linking and De-Cross-Linking System of Polystyrenes Bearing the Monohydrate Structure of Vicinal Tricarbonyl Group through Water-Alcohol Exchange Reactions at Ambient Conditions,Macromolecules,2012年07月30日,Vol.45,p.6640-6647,ISSN:0024-9297, DOI:10.1021/ma301139v |
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