JP7019145B2 - Railroad rail lifting device - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used when replacing a rail that is a track portion of a railroad track, a rubber pad inserted between a rail and a pillow or a slab (floor slab), or changing the setting of a long rail. The present invention relates to a railroad rail lifting device for removing a rail fastening device, lifting and lowering the rail, and vertically moving the lifted rail.

Conventionally, the track part of a railroad track is made by laying crushed stone called ballast on the ground to make a trackbed, sleepers are lined up on it, and two rails are placed on it at predetermined intervals, and a fastening device (Fasuna) is used. A structure has been adopted in which the rail is fixed to the sleepers. On the other hand, in recent years, the purpose is to maintain a good ride quality and save labor in track maintenance work in order to deal with ballast compaction, crushed stone replenishment, sleeper corrosion, replacement due to breakage, and prevention of loosening of fastening devices. As a result, track structures such as slab tracks, in which ballast tracks are replaced with concrete decks and rails are directly fixed to them, tend to be adopted. However, since the slab track is inferior in cushioning property to the ballast track, it is necessary to insert a track pad that absorbs vibration between the rail and the deck. Both rails and track pads are consumable parts associated with train operation and need to be replaced at regular intervals. In addition, for long rails, it is necessary to change the settings by introducing or changing the tension at predetermined intervals.

To change the settings or replace the rails or track pads, it is necessary to remove the fastening device and lift the rails. Even if one track pad is replaced, it is difficult to lift only one place, and it is necessary to lift multiple places all at once by going back and forth.

Conventionally, in order to lift a rail, a gate-shaped frame called a "Yamakoshi device" is installed across the rail, and a chain block or the like attached to the Yamakoshi device is used to lift the rail. Since the Yamakoshi device and chain block are large and heavy objects, the work was quite large.

Patent Document 1 proposes a work method in which small screw jacks having rollers for lifting the head of the rail at the tips are installed on both sides of the rail to lift the rail while coordinating the jacks on both sides. However, with this method, it is necessary to operate the jacks on both sides in a well-balanced manner, which inevitably results in unstable work. Further, the jack described in Patent Document 1 is configured to push up the rail by abutting a roller against the neck portion of the rail from below. On the other hand, the bottom of the rail is wider than the neck. Therefore, as the rail is pushed up by the jack, the wide bottom portion interferes with the left and right jacks arranged close to the rail. As described above, the jack described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the height at which the rail can be lifted is limited to a height at which the bottom of the rail does not interfere with the jack.

Patent Document 2 describes a rail-lifting jack in which a foot-operated hydraulic jack is installed beside the rail and the bottom of the rail is cantilevered. However, since the foot-operated hydraulic jack is large, it is difficult to install it on the side of the rail in many places, and if there is a fastening device etc., it cannot be installed close to the rail, so lift the rail in such a place. There is a high possibility that it will interfere with work, such as not being able to do it.

In Patent Document 3, means for connecting the upper reinforcing member and the lower reinforcing member by a link mechanism and raising the upper reinforcing member so that the upper reinforcing member moves up and down in parallel with the lower reinforcing member. A jack device in which an air-sealing tube is arranged between an upper reinforcing member and a lower reinforcing member is described. The jack device is inserted between the fastening devices that secure the rail and sends compressed air into the air-sealed tube to inflate the air-sealed tube, thereby raising the upper reinforcing member and thereby lifting the rail. It is said that. However, since the air-sealing tube is limited to a length less than the distance between the fastening devices and a width of about the width of the bottom of the rail, the air pressure required to lift the rail becomes considerably high. Moreover, since the air-sealed tube expands in an unrestricted direction (for example, in the lateral direction or the outer peripheral direction), the pressure is applied in the lateral direction or the outer peripheral direction unless a load equivalent to the load received from the rail is applied from the lateral direction or the outer peripheral direction. I escaped in the direction and couldn't lift the rail. If a mechanism for limiting such lateral (or outer peripheral direction) expansion is provided, the jack device described in Patent Document 3 is likely to be extremely large and heavy, and is still improved for practical use. There is room for.

Special Table 2009-501854 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-109602 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-245199

The present invention solves the problems in the above-mentioned conventional techniques and various proposals, has a thin shape that can be easily inserted into the lower part of the rail, is lightweight and easy to carry, and does not interfere with surrounding work. Moreover, the purpose is to realize a railroad rail lifting device that can easily lift and lower the rail by human power. However, the applicant has already developed a railway rail lifting device suitable for such a purpose, and has applied for a patent as Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-041815. However, this assumes a slab track in a normal ground section, and assumes that the gap between the slab and the lower surface of the rail is about 29.5 mm. However, it was found that the gap between the slab and the lower surface of the rail is smaller, for example, in the track portion such as a tunnel section, and is only about 10 mm, and the device described in the specification of the patent application cannot be inserted into the lower surface of the rail. rice field. Therefore, this time, the purpose is to realize a railway rail lifting device with a new structure that can be applied to such a directly connected track.

The present invention according to claim 1 has a pair of bases arranged on both sides of a rail to be lifted, and an axis provided on each of the bases in a direction intersecting the rail as a common rotation center axis. A rotation shaft provided on each of the bases, and a pair of arms rotatably attached to the base by the respective rotation shafts and arranged at a distance equal to or larger than the width of the bottom of the rail. A roller shaft provided so as to connect the arm at the same distance from the rotation shaft of the arm and a roller held by the roller shaft are provided, and a lift bar is connected to the arm or the rotation shaft. It is a railroad rail lifting device characterized in that the arm is rotated by the lift bar, the rail is placed on the roller, and the rail is raised and lowered.

Further, in the present invention according to claim 2, the base and the arm are relative to each other in a state where the arm is tilted substantially horizontally in the extension direction of the base and the arm is upright from the base. The railway rail lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising an engaging means for engaging so as to suppress rotation.

According to the present invention, it can be applied to a directly connected track where the gap between the slab and the rail is small, the entire device is thin and lightweight, and it is easy to carry. A railroad rail lifting device that can be lifted and lowered is realized, which has the excellent effect of greatly improving work safety and workability.

It is a perspective view which shows the rail lifting apparatus of an Example of this invention. It is a top view which shows the rail lifting apparatus of the Example of this invention. It is a vertical sectional side view which shows the rail lifting apparatus of an Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the base part of the rail lifting apparatus of an Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the arm and the roller of the rail lifting device of the Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the ball plunger of the rail lifting apparatus of this invention embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the use situation of the rail lifting apparatus of an Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the lift bar of the Example of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of the rail lifting device of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view. This rail lifting device is attached to a pair of rotating shafts 3a and 3b provided on the same (common) rotation center axis so that the inner spacing is wider than the width of the bottom of the rail R to be lifted. A pair of arms 2a, 2b, a roller shaft 5 attached to the arms 2a, 2b at equal distances from the rotation shafts 3a, 3b and holding the rollers 4, and the rotation shafts 3a, 3b. The roller 4 is composed of a pair of bases 1a and 1b having bearings that support the above, by connecting a lift bar 8 to the rotating shafts 3a and 3b or arms 2a and 2b and manually rotating the rotating shafts 3a and 3b. The rail R can be raised and lowered.

Then, in a state where the arms 2a and 2b are tilted substantially horizontally in the extension direction of the bases 1a and 1b (standby position) and when the arms 2a and 2b are upright (standing position), the bases 1a and 1b and the arms are raised. An engaging means for engaging with 2a and 2b is provided.

Since the distances between the rotating shafts 3a and 3b and the roller shaft 5 are the same, if the bases 1a and 1b are placed on the same plane, the rotating shafts 3a and 3b will be aligned on the same center line. For the roller 4, the dimension (the length of the roller 4 as a whole) W in FIG. 2 may be set to a value obtained by adding some margin to the bottom width of the rail R to be lifted. The roller 4 needs to rotate relative to the rail R in contact with it. For that purpose, the roller 4 and the roller shaft 5 may be integrated so that the roller shaft 5 can be rotated by the portions of the arms 2a and 2b at both ends, or the roller shaft 5 is fixed to the roller shaft 5 and the roller 4. It may be rotated between. Further, the roller 4 may be divided in the length direction. The roller 4 rotates only slightly when it is raised and lowered, but it needs to rotate considerably when the rail R is vertically moved for welding, cutting, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 3, when raising and lowering the rail R, the roller 4 rises from a substantially horizontal position, slightly crosses the apex, and rotates 100 ° to 120 ° until it hits the corners of the bases 1a and 1b. Since it is stable at the position where it stands up and stops in this way, it is not returned by the weight of the rail R, and the rail R can be vertically moved as it is.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the bases 1a and 1b, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the arms 2a and 2b and the roller 4. The details of each will be described with reference to these figures. The bases 1a and 1b are arranged on the left and right sides of the rail R, and their respective structures or shapes may be the same or similar, or may have a symmetrical structure or shape. In the example shown in FIG. 4, each base 1a, 1b has a so-called "U" shape, and the rotation shaft 3a is between a pair of protrusions _1a1 and _1b1 protruding to the right in FIG. 4, respectively. , 3b are attached. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the base 1b on the lower side (front side) of FIG. 4 is the so-called main base, and the base portion 1 _b2 connecting the protruding portions 1 _b1 is from the base portion 1 _a2 on the other base 1 a. It is formed to have a wide width (the dimension in the length direction of the rail R when installed on the slab S is large). A fall prevention arm 7, which will be described later, is attached to the base portion 1 _b2 of the main base 1 b. Further, a ball plunger 6 for suppressing the rotation of the arms 2a and 2b attached to the rotation shafts 3a and 3b is attached to the bases _1a2 and _1b2 of the bases 1a and 1b. The ball plunger 6 corresponds to the engaging means in the embodiment of the present invention.

Each of the arms 2a and 2b shown in FIG. 5 is configured to have a symmetrical structure or shape. Each of the arms 2a and 2b includes a cylindrical portion 2 _a1 and 2 _b1 inserted between the protrusions 1 _a1 and 1 _b1 of the bases 1a and 1b described above and rotatably supported by the rotation shafts 3a and 3b. There is. Grooves 21a and 21b are formed at two locations on the outer periphery of these cylindrical portions _2a1 and _2b1 , respectively. The grooves 21a and 21b are portions for engaging the ball plunger 6 described above, and are positioned at an angle at which the ball plunger 6 engages when the arms 2a and 2b are in the standby position and when the arms 2a and 2b are rotated to the upright position. It is formed. The grooves 21a and 21b may be further formed if necessary.

The block portions 2 _a2 and 2 _b2 to which the roller shaft 5 is attached are integrally formed in the portions extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical portions 2 _a1 and 2 _b1 . The block portions 2 _a2 and 2 _b2 extend radially from the cylindrical portions 2 _a1 and 2 _b1 so as not to interfere with the bases 1a and 1b when the arms 2a and 2b rotate about the rotation axes 3a and 3b. It is provided at the position. The ends on both sides of the roller shaft 5 are attached to the left and right block portions 2 _a2 , 2 _b2 , so that the left and right bases 1a, 1b are connected to each other via the arms 2a, 2b and the roller shaft 5. There is. Since the left and right bases 1a and 1b and the arms 2a and 2b have the same, similar or symmetrical configurations or shapes, the rotation axes 3a and 3b provided on the left and right bases 1a and 1b are on the same axis. It will be located side by side. In other words, the arms 2a and 2b are configured to rotate about the same axis. Further, the distances from the rotating shafts 3a and 3b at the locations where the roller shafts 5 are attached in the arms 2a and 2b are the same.

Holes 22a and 22b for inserting the lift bar 8 as an operating tool for rotating the arms 2a and 2b (raising and lowering the rail R) are formed in the block portions _2a2 and _2b2 . The lift bar 8 is generally made of a steel rod-shaped material or a tubular material, and has a somewhat bent shape rather than a simple straight line in order to improve operability. Therefore, since it is preferable to fix the orientation of the lift bar 8, it is preferable that the holes 22a and 22b are rectangular holes, and the tip of the lift bar 8 is a rectangular cross section that matches the holes 22a and 22b.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the ball plunger 6. The ball plunger 6 pushes the ball into the grooves 21a and 21b described above by an elastic force, and causes the force required to pull the ball out of the grooves 21a and 21b as a deterrent force for suppressing the rotation of the arms 2a and 2b. It is configured. Specifically, the spring 62 is inserted into the bottomed cylindrical casing 61, and the ball 63 (steel ball) is fitted at the tip thereof. Since the ball 63 is always being pushed out by the rear spring 62, when the ball plunger 6 is pressed against the portions of the arms 2a and 2b that fit into the rotating shafts 3a and 3b, the ball 63 is formed at the grooves 21a and 21b. Pops out, which suppresses the free rotation of the arms 2a and 2b. That is, the bases 1a and 1b can be engaged with the arms 2a and 2b. The grooves 21a and 21b are provided at two locations where the grooves 21a and 21b are desired to be stopped with respect to the rotation of the arms 2a and 2b, that is, when the entire device is kept in a substantially flat flat state and when the standing state is maintained. When carrying the device or inserting it under the rail R, it is better that the bases 1a and 1b are suspended and do not rotate freely. Further, even when the rail R is held in a lifted state or moved vertically, it is better that the arms 2a and 2b are not dragged by the rail R and returned. In this way, it is preferable that the rotation restraining force of the arms 2a and 2b can be adjusted to a large or small size. Therefore, in the steel product shown in FIG. 6, a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 61, and a female screw hole is formed in the base portions 1 _a2 and 1 _b2 into which the casing 61 is fitted. Therefore, if the casing 61 is rotated and screwed deeply into the bases 1 _a2 and 1 _b2 , the compression amount of the spring 62, that is, the force pushing the ball 63 toward the grooves 21a and 21b by the spring 62 becomes stronger, and the rotation restraining force becomes larger. On the contrary, if the casing 61 is rotated in the direction of pulling out from the bases 1 _a2 and 1 _b2 , the rotation restraining force becomes small.

Subsequently, a method of using the rail lifting device of the present invention will be described.

First, the rail lifting device is made flat as shown in FIG. 1 and inserted under the rail R to be lifted. If the distance between the slab S and the rail R is extremely narrow, it cannot be inserted as it is. However, in the case of a slab track, there is a predetermined gap between the laid slab S and the slab S. This gap is usually 50 ± 5 mm. Therefore, there is a gap of at least 40 mm. Therefore, the entire device can be inserted vertically into this gap so that the rollers 4 are on the bottom and the bases 1a and 1b are on the top, and the base on the back side (for example, 1a) is submerged under the rail R. 4 is directly below the rail R. In this state, the bases 1a and 1b are pulled up to the upper surface side of the slab S, and the entire device is leveled so as to be parallel to the surface of the slab S. Thus, the pair of bases 1a and 1b are arranged on both sides of the rail R. do. By tilting the bases 1a and 1b on the slab S on one side and leveling them, the installation of the rail lifting device is completed. In the process of handling the rail lifting device in this way, the ball 63 of the ball plunger 6 described above is fitted into the predetermined grooves 21a and 21b, so that the rotation of the arms 2a and 2b is suppressed. That is, since the rail lifting device is maintained in a state (shape) in which the arms 2a and 2b extend horizontally with respect to the bases 1a and 1b, the handling of the rail lifting device becomes easy.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the arms 2a and 2b are provided with holes 22a and 22b for inserting the lift bar 8. As shown in FIG. 7A, the lift bar 8 is inserted into the holes 22a and 22b and rotated in the direction of the arrow. Since the arms 2a and 2b rotate around the rotation shafts 3a and 3b together with the lift bar 8, the roller 4 attached to the tip portion thereof is lifted and the arms 2a and 2b lift the rail R. As shown in FIG. 7, since the lift bar 8 is slightly bent on the tip side, the height of the end portion on the operator (not shown) side is not excessively high, and therefore the end portion of the lift bar 8 is lifted. The rail R can be easily lifted. Further, since the shapes of the holes 22a and 22b and the cross-sectional shape of the tip of the lift bar 8 inserted therein are rectangular, the rotation of the lift bar 8 can be prevented, and the lifting operation of the rail R becomes easy in this respect as well. Further, since the rail R is pushed upward while the arms 2a and 2b rotate around the rotation shafts 3a and 3b, relative movement occurs between the two. However, since the roller 4 in contact with the rail R rotates, the sliding resistance with the rail R is relaxed or does not occur, so that the force required to lift the rail R can be reduced by that amount, and the rail R can be reduced. Lifting operation becomes easier.

Further, the lift bar 8 is inserted into each of the holes 22a and 22b of the left and right arms 2a and 2b, and the two lift bars 8 are operated to lift the rail R. In that case, it is preferable to rotate each of the left and right lift bars 8 at the same speed at the same time. For that purpose, it is preferable to use a so-called ladder-shaped lift bar 8 in which the left and right lift bars 8 are connected by one or a plurality of horizontal bars. With such a so-called ladder-shaped lift bar 8, not only can one operator easily operate it, but also the forces applied to the left and right arms 2a and 2b can be equalized.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a ladder-shaped lift bar 8 in a perspective view. The lift bar 8 shown here includes two lift bars 8a and 8b that are inserted into holes 22a and 22b in the arms 2a and 2b arranged on the left and right sides of the rail R, respectively. The tips 8 _a1 and 8 _b1 of these lift bars 8a and 8b are slightly curved downward and are formed in a rectangular cross section that matches the shape of the holes 22a and 22b. These lift bars 8a and 8b are parallel to each other, and their intermediate portions in the longitudinal direction are connected by one or a plurality of horizontal bars 81 to form a ladder. Since the lift bar 8 is inserted into the holes 22a and 22b of the arms a and 2b while straddling the rail R when the rail R is lifted, the horizontal bar 81 connects the lift bar 8 to the arms 2a and 2b and the rail. It is provided at a position sufficiently distant from the tip portions 8 _a1 and 8 _b1 so as not to interfere with the rail R in any case of rotating the R in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7 (a).

To show the dimensional examples of the examples of FIGS. 2 and 3, the length (W) of the roller 4 is 160 mm, the diameter of the roller 4 is 25 mm, the radius of gyration of the top of the roller is about 42 mm, and the weight is 2.8 kg. The force required to lift the rail R to a height of 50 mm from the lower surface of the bases 1a and 1b, that is, the surface of the slab S, was 8526N in the vertical direction. The torque corresponding to this can be sufficiently realized by the power of one operator if the lift bar 8 having an appropriate length is used.

The rotation angle of the arms 2a and 2b from the horizontal state is about 100 ° to 120 ° as described above, and the arms 2a and 2b are in a state of being slightly tilted beyond the upright position when the rail R has been lifted. .. In this state, the arms 2a and 2b are in contact with the side surfaces or predetermined corners of the bases _1a2 and _1b2 in the bases 1a and 1b, and further rotation is restricted. Therefore, the rail R is held at a predetermined height by the arms 2a and 2b while being mounted on the roller 4. Since the roller 4 is rotatable, it is easy to move the rail R on the roller 4 in the length direction thereof, and therefore the setting of the rail R can be changed by lifting the rail R as described above. .. Further, the so-called vertical movement of the rail R can be easily performed by rotating the roller 4.

Next, fall prevention will be described. As described above, the rail lifting device according to the present invention is only installed on the slab S or the like, has no means for positive fixing, and is lightweight. Further, as described above, the bases 1a and 1b are installed on both the left and right sides of the rail R by diving under the rail R from the gap between the slabs S, and in that state, the arms 2a and 2b fill the above gap. It extends horizontally so that you can look into it. On the other hand, the lift bar 8 is heavier than the lifting device. Therefore, when the lift bar 8 is inserted into the holes 22a, 22b of the arms 2a, 2b, the arms 2a, 2b extending above the above gap are pushed down, and as a result, the lifting device is directed toward the above gap. A load (or moment) is generated to tilt the slab, and the lifting device may be displaced from the installation position and fall into a gap between the slabs S or the like. Therefore, the rail lifting device described above is equipped with a fall prevention arm 7 (omitted in FIG. 7) as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

The fall prevention arm 7 is configured to generate a reaction force against such a moment. Specifically, the fall prevention arm 71 extends horizontally and is attached to the back surface (the surface opposite to the protruding portion 1 _b1 ) of the base portion 1 _b2 of the so-called main base 1 b described above. A cylindrical holder facing in the horizontal direction (direction parallel to the roller 4) is provided at the tip of the fall prevention arm 71, and the pin 72 is housed inside the holder so that the pin 72 can be taken in and out. A knob 73 is attached to the pin 72, and the knob 73 penetrates a guide hole formed in the holder and protrudes to the outside of the holder, and the knob 73 allows the pin 72 to be taken in and out. .. The maximum protruding length of the pin 72 is the length at which the tip end portion of the pin 72 enters the lower surface side of the rail R.

Normally, the pin 72 is retracted inside the holder and stored. After installing the device on the slab S to lift the rail R as described above, the pin 72 is pushed out from the holder by the knob 73, and the tip end portion of the pin 72 is inserted into the lower surface side of the rail R. When the base 1a, 1b (or the entire device) tries to tilt so that the fall prevention arm 71 can be lifted when the lift bar 8 is inserted into the holes 22a, 22b of the arms 2a, 2b, the pin 72 is the lower surface of the rail R. Since it is caught in the slab S, the inclination of the bases 1a and 1b (or the entire device), that is, the fall into the gap between the slabs S is prevented. The fall prevention arm 71 can also be used as a handle when carrying the device.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the lift bar 8 is configured to be connected to the rotating shafts 3a and 3b to rotate the arms 2a and 2b without being connected to the arms 2a and 2b. May be good. That is, the rotating shaft and the arm may be integrated, and the rotating shaft may be provided with a connecting portion for attaching a lift bar, and the arm may be rotated together with the rotating shaft by the lift bar connected to the connecting portion. Further, the engaging means in the present invention is not limited to the ball plunger 6 and the grooves 21a and 21b described above, and may be configured to temporarily fix the arms 2a and 2b at predetermined rotational positions. ..

1a, 1b ... base, 2a, 2b ... arm, 3a, 3b ... rotating shaft, 4 ... roller, 5 ... roller shaft, 6 ... ball plunger, 7 ... fall prevention device, 8 ... lift bar, 21a, 21b ... (arm ) Grooves, 22a, 22b ... Holes (for inserting lift bars), 61 ... Casing (of ball plungers), 62 ... Spring, 63 ... Balls, 71 ... Fall protection arms, 72 ... Pins, 73 ... Knobs, R ... Rails, S ... Slab.

Claims (2)

A pair of bases placed on both sides of the rail to be lifted,
A rotation axis provided on each of the bases and provided on each of the bases so that the axis in the direction intersecting the rail is a common rotation center axis.
A pair of arms rotatably attached to the base by each of the rotation axes and arranged at a distance equal to or larger than the width of the bottom of the rail.
A roller shaft provided so as to connect the arm to a position where the distance from the rotation shaft of the arm is the same,
With a roller held on the roller shaft,
A railway rail lifting device characterized in that a lift bar is connected to the arm or the rotating shaft, the arm is rotated by the lift bar, the rail is placed on the roller, and the rail is raised and lowered. .. Engagement means for engaging the base and the arm so as to suppress relative rotation when the arm is tilted substantially horizontally in the extension direction of the base and the arm is upright from the base. The railroad rail lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the railroad rail lifting device is provided.

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