JP7014562B2 - Air spring - Google Patents

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JP7014562B2
JP7014562B2 JP2017202247A JP2017202247A JP7014562B2 JP 7014562 B2 JP7014562 B2 JP 7014562B2 JP 2017202247 A JP2017202247 A JP 2017202247A JP 2017202247 A JP2017202247 A JP 2017202247A JP 7014562 B2 JP7014562 B2 JP 7014562B2
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裕喜 安永
薫 堀内
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ニッタ化工品株式会社
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Description

本発明は、車両用、特に鉄道車両用として好適に用いられる、難燃性を備えた空気ばねに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a flame-retardant air spring that is suitably used for vehicles, particularly railroad vehicles.

近年、欧州においては、様々な分野において防炎要件が厳しくなっており、鉄道車両についても、欧州の新しい統一規格であるEN45545-2が制定されるに至っている。空気ばねは、筒状の可撓部材(ダイヤフラム等)や、ストッパーなど、ゴム状弾性体として有機材料が使用されていることから、これらの部材について上記基準をクリアすることが要求される。上記基準では、ハロゲン含有ガスの発生量も厳しく制限される。 In recent years, flameproofing requirements have become stricter in various fields in Europe, and EN455452-2, which is a new unified standard in Europe, has been established for railway vehicles. Since the air spring uses an organic material as a rubber-like elastic body such as a tubular flexible member (diaphragm or the like) or a stopper, it is required to clear the above criteria for these members. According to the above criteria, the amount of halogen-containing gas generated is also severely limited.

EN45545-2では、鉄道車両に用いられる主要ゴム部材の難燃性の評価は、ISO 5660-1に準じてコーンカロリーメータ法による発熱試験(以下、発熱試験と略する。)によって行うことが規定されており、この方法で測定されたMaximum Average Rate of Heat Emission(以下、MARHE)の値が、所定値以下であることが要求される。 EN455452-2 stipulates that the flame retardancy of main rubber members used in railway vehicles is evaluated by a heat generation test (hereinafter abbreviated as heat generation test) by the cone calorie meter method according to ISO 5660-1. The value of the Maximum Assessment of Heat Emission (hereinafter referred to as MARHE) measured by this method is required to be not more than a predetermined value.

具体的に、ハザードレベル(HL)1及び2では、MARHE値が90以下、HL3では、MARHE値が60以下であることが要求される。上記発熱試験に供せられる試験片のサイズは10cm×10cmであり、試験片の厚みは、ダイヤフラムの厚みのままとされる(ただし、試料片の最大厚みは25mm以下)。 Specifically, at hazard levels (HL) 1 and 2, the MARHE value is required to be 90 or less, and at HL3, the MARHE value is required to be 60 or less. The size of the test piece to be subjected to the heat generation test is 10 cm × 10 cm, and the thickness of the test piece is the same as the thickness of the diaphragm (however, the maximum thickness of the sample piece is 25 mm or less).

ハロゲン系難燃剤を含まないノンハロゲンの難燃性ゴムとして、たとえば、特許文献1に示すように、クロロプレンゴムに対して水酸化マグネシウム及び赤燐を配合した難燃性ゴムが開示されている。また、特許文献2には、ポリリン酸塩及び水酸化アルミニウムを配合した難燃性ゴム組成物が開示されている。このように、ノンハロゲンの難燃性ゴム組成物として、リン系難燃剤や金属水酸化物を組み合わせて配合したものが知られている。 As a non-halogen flame-retardant rubber containing no halogen-based flame retardant, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a flame-retardant rubber in which magnesium hydroxide and red phosphorus are blended with chloroprene rubber is disclosed. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a flame-retardant rubber composition containing polyphosphate and aluminum hydroxide. As described above, as a non-halogen flame-retardant rubber composition, a composition in which a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a metal hydroxide are combined and blended is known.

ところで、空気ばねを構成するダイヤフラムなどの筒状の可撓部材は、使用状態において、上端部と下端部とが上下左右方向に相対的に変位するため、良好な機械的特性(モジュラス、引張強度等)を備えることが要求される。さらに、耐候性、耐熱性、耐老化性等の物理的特性に優れていることも要求される。 By the way, a tubular flexible member such as a diaphragm constituting an air spring has good mechanical properties (modulus, tensile strength) because the upper end portion and the lower end portion are relatively displaced in the vertical and horizontal directions in the used state. Etc.) are required to be provided. Further, it is also required to have excellent physical properties such as weather resistance, heat resistance, and aging resistance.

このような要求を満たすため、筒状の可撓部材は、一般的に、補強コードが埋設された補強ゴム層を中間層とし、その中間層の内側と外側とに保護ゴム層(外層及び内層)が積層された積層構造のものが使用される。上記積層構造を備えた筒状の可撓部材を難燃化する場合、各層を構成するゴム組成物中にリン系難燃剤や金属水酸化物を配合することが考えられる。 In order to meet such a requirement, the tubular flexible member generally has a reinforcing rubber layer in which a reinforcing cord is embedded as an intermediate layer, and protective rubber layers (outer layer and inner layer) inside and outside the intermediate layer. ) Are laminated to form a laminated structure. When making a tubular flexible member having the above laminated structure flame-retardant, it is conceivable to add a phosphorus-based flame retardant or a metal hydroxide to the rubber composition constituting each layer.

特開2005-146256号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-146256 特開2010-047644号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-407644

しかしながら、難燃剤として用いられる金属水酸化物は粉体であり、これをゴム組成物に配合すると、ゴム組成物の流動性が低下する。特に、補強コードが埋設される中間層を構成するゴム組成物に金属水酸化物を配合すると、ゴム組成物の流動性が低下することにより、補強コードとゴム組成物との間に未充填部分が残存したり、補強コードとゴム組成物との密着性の低下によるゴムの機械的特性の低下が懸念される。その一方で、金属水酸化物の配合量を減量すると、難燃性を発揮させるにはリン系難燃剤を多量に配合する必要が生じ、この場合もゴムの機械的特性の低下が懸念される。 However, the metal hydroxide used as a flame retardant is a powder, and when this is blended in the rubber composition, the fluidity of the rubber composition is lowered. In particular, when a metal hydroxide is added to the rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer in which the reinforcing cord is embedded, the fluidity of the rubber composition decreases, so that an unfilled portion between the reinforcing cord and the rubber composition is formed. However, there is a concern that the mechanical properties of the rubber may deteriorate due to the deterioration of the adhesion between the reinforcing cord and the rubber composition. On the other hand, if the blending amount of the metal hydroxide is reduced, it becomes necessary to blend a large amount of a phosphorus-based flame retardant in order to exhibit flame retardancy, and in this case as well, there is a concern that the mechanical properties of the rubber may be deteriorated. ..

また、中間層を構成するゴム組成物に難燃剤を配合しない場合には、内外層の難燃性を高めることで可撓部材全体としての難燃性を維持する必要が生じるが、配合できる難燃剤の量に限度がある。その結果、可撓部材全体としての難燃性はEN45545-2に規定されるHLに近いレベルとなり、発熱試験を複数回実施したときにはHLを超える場合も生じ得る。 Further, when the flame retardant is not added to the rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer, it is necessary to maintain the flame retardancy of the flexible member as a whole by increasing the flame retardancy of the inner and outer layers, but it is difficult to add the flame retardant. There is a limit to the amount of flame retardant. As a result, the flame retardancy of the flexible member as a whole becomes a level close to the HL specified in EN455452-2, and may exceed the HL when the heat generation test is performed a plurality of times.

そこで、本発明では、筒状の可撓部材の機械的特性や物理的特性を維持しつつ、難燃性を向上させることが可能な空気ばねを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an air spring capable of improving flame retardancy while maintaining the mechanical and physical characteristics of a tubular flexible member.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の一態様として、上側部材と、前記上側部材の下方に配置される下側部材と、前記上側部材と前記下側部材の間に介装される筒状の可撓部材とを備えた空気ばねであって、前記可撓部材は、外層及び内層と、前記外層及び内層の間に介在される中間層とを備え、前記外層及び内層は、難燃性ゴム組成物から構成され、前記中間層は、非難燃性ゴム組成物に樹脂製の補強コードが埋設された補強ゴム層から構成され、前記内層の厚みと前記外層の厚みの平均厚み(以下、「内外層の平均厚み」という)が、前記中間層の厚みの1.1倍以上であることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, as one aspect of the present invention, an upper member, a lower member arranged below the upper member, and a tubular shape interposed between the upper member and the lower member. An air spring provided with a flexible member, wherein the flexible member includes an outer layer and an inner layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the outer layer and the inner layer, and the outer layer and the inner layer are flame-retardant rubber. The intermediate layer is composed of a composition, and the intermediate layer is composed of a reinforcing rubber layer in which a resin reinforcing cord is embedded in a non-flame retardant rubber composition, and the average thickness of the inner layer and the outer layer (hereinafter, "" The average thickness of the inner and outer layers ”) is 1.1 times or more the thickness of the intermediate layer.

本発明における難燃性は、ISO 5660-1に規定される発熱試験のMARHE値によって評価される。本発明において、難燃性ゴム組成物とは、難燃性ゴム組成物からなるゴム単体を発熱試験に供したときに、EN45545-2で要求される所定のHLを満たすMARHE値を有するものをいう。本発明者らは、種々のゴム組成物で上記発熱試験を行った結果、ゴムの組成にかかわらず、発熱試験の試験片の厚みが厚くなるほど、MARHE値が低下するとの知見を得て、本発明を完成させたものである。 The flame retardancy in the present invention is evaluated by the MARHE value of the heat generation test specified in ISO 5660-1. In the present invention, the flame-retardant rubber composition has a MARHE value that satisfies a predetermined HL required by EN455452-2 when a rubber simple substance made of the flame-retardant rubber composition is subjected to a heat generation test. say. As a result of conducting the above heat generation test with various rubber compositions, the present inventors have obtained the finding that the thicker the test piece of the heat generation test, the lower the MARHE value, regardless of the composition of the rubber. It is the perfection of the invention.

すなわち、本発明においては、機械的特性に大きな影響を及ぼす中間層のゴム組成物としては、難燃剤を配合しない非難燃性ゴム組成物を用い、外層及び内層を構成するゴム組成物として、難燃性ゴム組成物を用いている。これにより、筒状の可撓部材としての機械的特性の低下を抑制することが可能となる。 That is, in the present invention, a non-flame retardant rubber composition containing no flame retardant is used as the rubber composition of the intermediate layer which has a great influence on the mechanical properties, and it is difficult to use as a rubber composition constituting the outer layer and the inner layer. A flammable rubber composition is used. This makes it possible to suppress deterioration of the mechanical properties of the tubular flexible member.

その一方で、中間層で使用されるゴム組成物は非難燃性ゴム組成物である。一般的な空気ばねの場合、筒状の可撓部材における内層、中間層及び外層の厚みは、各層とも同程度の厚みに設計される(中間層が2プライの場合)。そうすると、可撓部材全体としての難燃性は、中間層が難燃性を備えている場合に比べて低下することになる。その結果、内外層を構成するゴム組成物に難燃剤を多く配合しても、可撓部材全体としての難燃性はEN45545-2に規定されるHLに近いレベルとなる。 On the other hand, the rubber composition used in the intermediate layer is a non-flame retardant rubber composition. In the case of a general air spring, the thickness of the inner layer, the intermediate layer and the outer layer in the cylindrical flexible member is designed to be the same thickness for each layer (when the intermediate layer is 2-ply). Then, the flame retardancy of the flexible member as a whole is lowered as compared with the case where the intermediate layer has flame retardancy. As a result, even if a large amount of flame retardant is blended in the rubber composition constituting the inner and outer layers, the flame retardancy of the flexible member as a whole becomes a level close to the HL defined in EN455452-2.

そこで、本発明では、内外層の平均厚みを、中間層の厚みの1.1倍以上に厚くすることで、可撓部材としてのMARHE値を低下させ、要求されるHLを安定してクリアすることが可能となる。なお、可撓部材は、基本的には、外層、中間層及び内層の3層構造とされるが、これに限らず、可撓部材の少なくとも一部に前記3層以外のゴム層を加えることも可能である。この場合は、追加するゴム層が難燃層であるか非難燃層であるかによって、可撓部材の厚みを調整すればよい。 Therefore, in the present invention, by increasing the average thickness of the inner and outer layers to 1.1 times or more the thickness of the intermediate layer, the MARHE value as a flexible member is lowered, and the required HL is stably cleared. It becomes possible. The flexible member basically has a three-layer structure of an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a rubber layer other than the above three layers may be added to at least a part of the flexible member. Is also possible. In this case, the thickness of the flexible member may be adjusted depending on whether the rubber layer to be added is a flame-retardant layer or a non-flame-retardant layer.

すなわち、上側部材と、前記上側部材の下方に配置される下側部材と、前記上側部材と前記下側部材の間に介装される筒状の可撓部材とを備えた空気ばねであって、前記可撓部材は、外層及び内層と、前記外層及び内層の間に介在される中間層とを備え、前記外層及び内層は、難燃性ゴム組成物から構成された難燃層とされ、前記中間層は、非難燃性ゴム組成物に補強コードが埋設された補強ゴム層から構成された非難燃層とされ、前記難燃層の合計厚みが、前記非難燃層の厚みの2.2倍以上であるようにしてもよい。 That is, it is an air spring including an upper member, a lower member arranged below the upper member, and a tubular flexible member interposed between the upper member and the lower member. The flexible member includes an outer layer and an inner layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the outer layer and the inner layer, and the outer layer and the inner layer are made of a flame-retardant rubber composition. The intermediate layer is a non-flame-retardant layer composed of a reinforcing rubber layer in which a reinforcing cord is embedded in a non-flame-retardant rubber composition, and the total thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 2.2, which is the thickness of the non-flame-retardant layer. It may be more than doubled.

前記中間層は、前記補強ゴム層が1層からなる単層構造であってもよいし、前記補強ゴム層が複数層積層された積層構造であってもよい。また、前記可撓部材は、下部及び上部の厚みよりも中間部の厚みが厚くなるように形成してもよい。 The intermediate layer may have a single-layer structure in which the reinforcing rubber layer is composed of one layer, or may have a laminated structure in which a plurality of the reinforcing rubber layers are laminated. Further, the flexible member may be formed so that the thickness of the intermediate portion is thicker than the thickness of the lower portion and the upper portion.

本発明の一態様に係る空気ばねによれば、可撓部材において、中間層を構成するゴム組成物として非難燃性のものを使用し、外層及び内層を構成するゴム組成物として難燃性ゴム組成物を使用し、可撓部材の内外層の平均厚みを、中間層の厚みの1.1倍以上としたため、可撓部材の機械的特性や物理的特性の低下を抑えつつ、安定して難燃性を確保することが可能な空気ばねを得ることができる。 According to the air spring according to one aspect of the present invention, a non-flame retardant rubber composition is used as the rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer in the flexible member, and the flame retardant rubber is used as the rubber composition constituting the outer layer and the inner layer. Since the composition is used and the average thickness of the inner and outer layers of the flexible member is 1.1 times or more the thickness of the intermediate layer, it is stable while suppressing deterioration of the mechanical and physical properties of the flexible member. It is possible to obtain an air spring capable of ensuring flame retardancy.

本発明に係る空気ばねの第1実施形態を示す縦断面図Longitudinal sectional view showing the first embodiment of the air spring according to the present invention. 可撓部材の断面概略図Schematic diagram of the cross section of the flexible member 図1の可撓部材を示す斜視図A perspective view showing the flexible member of FIG. 本発明の第2実施形態を示す可撓部材の断面概略図Schematic cross-sectional view of a flexible member showing the second embodiment of the present invention. 発熱試験における可撓部材の厚みとMARHE値の関係を示すグラフGraph showing the relationship between the thickness of the flexible member and the MARHE value in the heat generation test

[第1実施形態]
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について図面を基に説明する。図1は、本発明に係る空気ばねの実施形態を示す縦断面図である。図2は、図1の空気ばねで使用される可撓部材を示す斜視図であり、図3は可撓部材の断面概略図である。
[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of an air spring according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a flexible member used in the air spring of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flexible member.

図1に示すように、本実施形態の空気ばね1は、鉄道車両用であり、上側部材2と、その下方に配置される下側部材3と、上側部材2及び下側部材3の間にダイヤフラムやベローズなどの筒状の可撓部材4を備える。上側部材2は、可撓部材4と車体とを接続する部材であり、本実施形態では上面板が使用されているが、これに限らず、たとえば、車体の一部を上側部材2として利用してもよい。下側部材3は、可撓部材4と台車枠とを接続する部材であり、本実施形態では一般にストッパーと称される弾性機構7を備えているが、これに限らず、たとえば、弾性機構7を除いた構成としてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 1, the air spring 1 of the present embodiment is for a railroad vehicle, and is between the upper member 2, the lower member 3 arranged below the upper member 2, and the upper member 2 and the lower member 3. A tubular flexible member 4 such as a diaphragm or a bellows is provided. The upper member 2 is a member that connects the flexible member 4 and the vehicle body, and the upper surface plate is used in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a part of the vehicle body is used as the upper member 2. You may. The lower member 3 is a member that connects the flexible member 4 and the bogie frame, and is provided with an elastic mechanism 7 generally called a stopper in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the elastic mechanism 7 is provided. It may be a configuration excluding.

下側部材3は、弾性機構7と、弾性機構7の頂板8の上面外周縁部から外周部にかけて装着される環状で帯状の下面板9と、頂板8にボルト止めされるフランジ部を有する円盤状の上側部材受部11とを備える。 The lower member 3 is a disk having an elastic mechanism 7, an annular and strip-shaped lower surface plate 9 mounted from the outer peripheral edge portion of the upper surface of the top plate 8 of the elastic mechanism 7 to the outer peripheral portion, and a flange portion bolted to the top plate 8. It is provided with a shaped upper member receiving portion 11.

弾性機構7は、環状の頂板8と、環状の底板12との間にゴム製で環状の弾性材層13と環状の硬質板14とが交互に積層された積層ゴムを備えた構造とされる。本実施形態では、頂板8、底板12及び硬質板14として金属板が用いられている。弾性機構7としては、積層ゴム構造を備え、ストッパーとしての機能を有するものであればよく、コニカルストッパー等であってもよい。また、下側部材3として、前述のごとく、弾性機構7を除いた構成とすることも可能である。 The elastic mechanism 7 has a structure provided with laminated rubber in which an annular elastic material layer 13 and an annular hard plate 14 are alternately laminated between an annular top plate 8 and an annular bottom plate 12. .. In this embodiment, a metal plate is used as the top plate 8, the bottom plate 12, and the hard plate 14. The elastic mechanism 7 may be any as long as it has a laminated rubber structure and has a function as a stopper, and may be a conical stopper or the like. Further, the lower member 3 may be configured without the elastic mechanism 7 as described above.

可撓部材4の上端及び下端にはビードコアに補強ゴム層を巻き付けた肉厚のビード部が形成されている。可撓部材4の上端側ビード部は、上側部材2に設けられた円盤状のビード受部2aに外嵌される。下端側ビード部は、弾性機構7の頂板8に設けられたビード受部8aに外嵌される。 A thick bead portion in which a reinforcing rubber layer is wound around a bead core is formed at the upper end and the lower end of the flexible member 4. The upper end side bead portion of the flexible member 4 is externally fitted to the disk-shaped bead receiving portion 2a provided on the upper member 2. The lower end side bead portion is externally fitted to the bead receiving portion 8a provided on the top plate 8 of the elastic mechanism 7.

図2に示すように、可撓部材4は、外層15及び内層16と、外層15及び内層16の間に介在される中間層17とを備えた積層構造とされている。外層15及び内層16は、難燃性ゴム組成物から構成され、中間層17は、非難燃性ゴム組成物に補強コード18が埋設された補強ゴム層17aから構成される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the flexible member 4 has a laminated structure including an outer layer 15 and an inner layer 16 and an intermediate layer 17 interposed between the outer layer 15 and the inner layer 16. The outer layer 15 and the inner layer 16 are composed of a flame-retardant rubber composition, and the intermediate layer 17 is composed of a reinforcing rubber layer 17a in which a reinforcing cord 18 is embedded in the non-flame-retardant rubber composition.

補強コードとしては、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、レーヨン、ポリビニルアルコール等の樹脂製コードが挙げられるが、強度の点でポリアミド製コードを用いるのが好ましい。補強ゴム層は1層からなる単層構造であってもよいが、強度的に複数層積層された積層構造であることが好ましい。特に、2層等の偶数層であることが強度のバランス面で好ましい。 Examples of the reinforcing cord include resin cords such as polyamide, polyester, rayon, and polyvinyl alcohol, but it is preferable to use the polyamide cord in terms of strength. The reinforcing rubber layer may have a single-layer structure composed of one layer, but is preferably a laminated structure in which a plurality of layers are laminated in terms of strength. In particular, an even-numbered layer such as two layers is preferable in terms of strength balance.

本発明の空気ばねに用いられるゴム組成物のゴム成分としては、天然ゴムのほか、合成ゴムとして、クロロプレンゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエンゴムなどのジエン系ゴムや、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエン・ターポリマー、イソブチレン-イソプレンンゴムなどのオレフィン系ゴムや、ウレタンゴムなどを挙げることができ、これらのゴムを単独で、又は、2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。なお、本実施態様では、内外層のゴム成分としては、耐候性、耐熱性、耐老化性等の物理的特性に優れたクロロプレンを主成分として用い、中間層のゴム成分としては、機械的特性に優れた天然ゴムを用いている。 The rubber component of the rubber composition used for the air spring of the present invention includes natural rubber, as synthetic rubber, diene rubber such as chloroprene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. , Ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer, olefin rubber such as isobutylene-isoprene rubber, urethane rubber, etc., and these rubbers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. .. In this embodiment, chloroprene having excellent physical properties such as weather resistance, heat resistance, and aging resistance is used as a main component as the rubber component of the inner and outer layers, and mechanical properties are used as the rubber component of the intermediate layer. Uses excellent natural rubber.

本発明においては、難燃剤としてノンハロゲン系難燃剤を用いることが望ましい。ノンハロゲン系難燃剤としては、金属水酸化物、金属酸化物、リン系、シリコーン系、窒素化合物系、有機金属化合物系などが挙げられ、1種を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。ただ、可撓部材4の機械的特性及び物理的特性をバランスよく維持するには、リン系難燃剤及び金属水酸化物を適宜組み合わせて使用することが好ましい。 In the present invention, it is desirable to use a non-halogen flame retardant as the flame retardant. Examples of the non-halogen flame retardant include metal hydroxides, metal oxides, phosphorus, silicones, nitrogen compounds, organometallic compounds, etc., and one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used. It can also be used in combination. However, in order to maintain the mechanical and physical properties of the flexible member 4 in a well-balanced manner, it is preferable to use a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a metal hydroxide in an appropriate combination.

リン系難燃剤としては、当業者に公知のリン酸塩を使用することができるが、特に、ゴム燃焼時にゴム表面にイントメッセント(発泡膨張層)を形成するイントメッセント系のリン酸塩が、より高い難燃性が得られる点で好ましい。 As the phosphorus-based flame retardant, a phosphate known to those skilled in the art can be used, but in particular, an intomescent-based phosphate that forms an intomescent (expanded foam layer) on the rubber surface during rubber combustion. However, it is preferable in that higher flame retardancy can be obtained.

金属水酸化物としては、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化カルシウム等を挙げることができ、これらを1種単独で、又は、2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。特に、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウムは、より高い難燃性が得られる点で好ましい。 Examples of the metal hydroxide include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide are preferable in that higher flame retardancy can be obtained.

外層15及び内層16を構成する難燃性ゴム組成物には上記難燃剤が配合され、中間層を構成する非難燃性ゴム組成物には難燃剤は配合されない。可撓部材4で用いられるゴム組成物には、上記のゴム成分や難燃剤以外に、硫黄、カーボンブラック、加硫促進剤、老化防止剤、加硫促進助剤、加硫遅延剤、シリカ、シランカップリング剤、酸化亜鉛、ステアリン酸、可塑剤、ワックスやオイル等の軟化剤、加工助剤等の公知の配合剤を、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において適宜配合して用いることができる。 The flame retardant is blended in the flame retardant rubber composition constituting the outer layer 15 and the inner layer 16, and the flame retardant is not blended in the non-flame retardant rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer. In addition to the above rubber components and flame retardant, the rubber composition used in the flexible member 4 includes sulfur, carbon black, a vulcanization accelerator, an antiaging agent, a vulcanization accelerator aid, a vulcanization retarder, silica, and the like. Known compounding agents such as silane coupling agents, zinc oxide, stearic acid, plasticizing agents, softeners such as wax and oil, and processing aids can be appropriately compounded and used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. ..

本実施形態では、中間層17は、2プライの補強ゴム層17a、17aで構成される。内外層の平均厚み(X+Y)/2は、それぞれ中間層の厚みZの1.1倍以上である。なお、各層の厚みは、中間層17と、内外層15及び16とでゴム組成が異なることから、可撓部材4の断面を光学的又はX線や電子線を用いた表面分析等により確認することができる。 In the present embodiment, the intermediate layer 17 is composed of two-ply reinforcing rubber layers 17a and 17a. The average thickness (X + Y) / 2 of the inner and outer layers is 1.1 times or more the thickness Z of the intermediate layer, respectively. Since the thickness of each layer differs between the intermediate layer 17 and the inner and outer layers 15 and 16, the cross section of the flexible member 4 is confirmed by optical or surface analysis using X-rays or electron beams. be able to.

図3は、空気ばねに組み込む前の可撓部材の形状を示す斜視図である。図示のごとく、可撓部材4は筒状で、上部4a及び下部4cよりも中間部4bの径が大きくなるように形成されており、この中間部4bが、可撓部材4を組み込んだ空気ばね1が加圧されて使用状態におかれたときに、上側部材2と下側部材3との間で外部に露出する部分となる。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the shape of the flexible member before being incorporated into the air spring. As shown in the figure, the flexible member 4 has a tubular shape and is formed so that the diameter of the intermediate portion 4b is larger than that of the upper portion 4a and the lower portion 4c, and the intermediate portion 4b is an air spring incorporating the flexible member 4. When 1 is pressurized and placed in a used state, it becomes a portion exposed to the outside between the upper member 2 and the lower member 3.

図3において、可撓部材4の上端開口4dの径をd1、可撓部材4の下端開口4eの径をd2、可撓部材4の最大径部4fの径をd3としたとき、可撓部材の上部4aは、上端開口4dの端縁から可撓部材の外径が(d1+d3)/2になるまでの領域を意味し、可撓部材の下部4cは、下端開口4eの端縁から可撓部材の外径が(d2+d3)/2になるまでの領域を意味する。そして、可撓部材の中間部4bは、可撓部材の外径が(d1+d3)/2から(d2+d3)/2までの領域を意味する。 In FIG. 3, when the diameter of the upper end opening 4d of the flexible member 4 is d1, the diameter of the lower end opening 4e of the flexible member 4 is d2, and the diameter of the maximum diameter portion 4f of the flexible member 4 is d3, the flexible member The upper portion 4a of the above means a region from the end edge of the upper end opening 4d to the outer diameter of the flexible member becoming (d1 + d3) / 2, and the lower portion 4c of the flexible member is flexible from the end edge of the lower end opening 4e. It means a region until the outer diameter of the member becomes (d2 + d3) / 2. The intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member means a region where the outer diameter of the flexible member is from (d1 + d3) / 2 to (d2 + d3) / 2.

可撓部材4の中間部4bは、可撓部材を加硫成形する際に、上部4a及び下部4cよりも拡径されるため肉厚が薄くなりやすく、その結果、中間部4bの難燃性が低下するおそれがある。そこで、可撓部材4を加硫成形する前の未加硫ゴム成形体において、加硫後に中間部4bを構成する部分の内外層の厚みを他の部分よりも予め厚くしておくことも可能である。 The intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member 4 tends to have a thinner wall thickness because the diameter of the intermediate portion 4b is larger than that of the upper portion 4a and the lower portion 4c when the flexible member is vulcanized, and as a result, the flame retardancy of the intermediate portion 4b is achieved. May decrease. Therefore, in the unvulcanized rubber molded body before the flexible member 4 is vulcanized, it is possible to make the inner and outer layers of the portion constituting the intermediate portion 4b thicker in advance than the other portions after vulcanization. Is.

この場合、中間部4bの全域において可撓部材の厚みを厚くしてもよいし、中間部4bの一部について全周にわたって帯状に可撓部材の厚みを厚くしてもよい。これにより、加硫後の可撓部材の中間部4bの厚みを上部4a及び下部4cの厚みと同等又はそれ以上とすることができ、可撓部材4の中間部4bの難燃性を良好に維持することができる。 In this case, the thickness of the flexible member may be increased over the entire area of the intermediate portion 4b, or the thickness of the flexible member may be increased in a band shape over a part of the intermediate portion 4b. As a result, the thickness of the intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member after vulcanization can be made equal to or larger than the thickness of the upper portion 4a and the lower portion 4c, and the flame retardancy of the intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member 4 can be improved. Can be maintained.

[第2実施形態]
本実施形態では、可撓部材4の中間部4bにおいて、ゴム層を追加して可撓部材の厚みを厚くした点が特徴とされ、その他の構成は第1実施形態と同様とされる。
[Second Embodiment]
The present embodiment is characterized in that, in the intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member 4, a rubber layer is added to increase the thickness of the flexible member, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

図4に示すように、本実施形態では、可撓部材4の中間部4bにおいて、補強ゴム層17aと補強ゴム層17aとの間に緩衝ゴム層19を設けている。すなわち、中間部4bにおいては、可撓部材の厚みが薄くなるため、補強コード層17a及び17aのコード18同士が近接する。その状況で、空気ばねに外力が加わって可撓部材が変位すると、コード18,18同士がこすれ合い、耐久性が低下するおそれが生じる。 As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the cushioning rubber layer 19 is provided between the reinforcing rubber layer 17a and the reinforcing rubber layer 17a in the intermediate portion 4b of the flexible member 4. That is, in the intermediate portion 4b, since the thickness of the flexible member becomes thin, the cords 18 of the reinforcing cord layers 17a and 17a are close to each other. In that situation, if an external force is applied to the air spring to displace the flexible member, the cords 18 and 18 may rub against each other and the durability may decrease.

そのため、補強ゴム層17aと補強ゴム層17aとの間に緩衝ゴム層19を設けることにより、コード18,18同士の接触を防止し、可撓部材4の耐久性を維持すると共に、可撓部材の中間部4bの難燃性を良好に維持することが可能となる。 Therefore, by providing the cushioning rubber layer 19 between the reinforcing rubber layer 17a and the reinforcing rubber layer 17a, contact between the cords 18 and 18 is prevented, the durability of the flexible member 4 is maintained, and the flexible member is maintained. It is possible to maintain good flame retardancy of the intermediate portion 4b of the above.

緩衝ゴム層19として、非難燃性ゴム組成物を用いる場合、緩衝ゴム層19は中間層17と同じ非難燃層とされる。従って、この場合には、補強ゴム層17a及び17aの両層の厚みに緩衝ゴム層19の厚みを足した厚みを非難燃層の厚みとし、難燃層である外層15及び内層16の合計厚みが、非難燃層の2.2倍以上になるように調整すればよい。 When a non-flame retardant rubber composition is used as the cushioning rubber layer 19, the cushioning rubber layer 19 is the same non-flame retardant layer as the intermediate layer 17. Therefore, in this case, the thickness of the non-flame retardant layer is defined as the thickness of both the reinforcing rubber layers 17a and 17a plus the thickness of the cushioning rubber layer 19, and the total thickness of the outer layer 15 and the inner layer 16 which are the flame retardant layers. However, it may be adjusted so that it is 2.2 times or more the non-flame retardant layer.

また、緩衝ゴム層19として、難燃性ゴム組成物を用いる場合、緩衝ゴム層19は、外層15及び内層16と同じ難燃層とされる。従って、この場合には、補強ゴム層17a及び17aの両層の厚みを足した厚みを非難燃層の厚みとし、難燃層である外層15、内層16及び緩衝ゴム層19の合計厚みが、非難燃層の2.2倍以上になるように調整すればよい。緩衝ゴム層19は、中間部4bの全域に設けてもよいし、中間部4bの一部について全周にわたって帯状に設けてもよい。 When a flame-retardant rubber composition is used as the cushioning rubber layer 19, the cushioning rubber layer 19 is the same flame-retardant layer as the outer layer 15 and the inner layer 16. Therefore, in this case, the thickness obtained by adding the thicknesses of both the reinforcing rubber layers 17a and 17a is defined as the thickness of the non-flame-retardant layer, and the total thickness of the flame-retardant outer layer 15, the inner layer 16 and the cushioning rubber layer 19 is set. It may be adjusted so that it is 2.2 times or more the non-flame retardant layer. The cushioning rubber layer 19 may be provided over the entire area of the intermediate portion 4b, or may be provided in a band shape over a part of the intermediate portion 4b.

本実施例では、可撓部材を作製して、EN45545-2に規定される発熱試験を実施し難燃性を評価した。以下にその詳細について説明する。 In this example, a flexible member was prepared, and a heat generation test specified in EN455452-2 was carried out to evaluate flame retardancy. The details will be described below.

[可撓部材の作製]
先ず、表1に示すように、4種類のゴム組成物を調製した(組成A~D)。ゴム組成物のゴム成分としては、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、天然ゴム(NR)及びエチレン-プロピレン-ジエン・ターポリマー(EPDM)の3種類を用いた。カーボンブラックとしては、HAFを使用した。 難燃剤としては、イントメッセント系のリン酸塩及び/又は金属水酸化物を用いた。表1に示す量で各原料を配合した後、バンバリーミキサーにて混練しゴム組成物を調製した。
[Manufacturing of flexible members]
First, as shown in Table 1, four types of rubber compositions were prepared (compositions A to D). As the rubber component of the rubber composition, three types of chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (NR) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) were used. HAF was used as the carbon black. As the flame retardant, an intomescent-based phosphate and / or a metal hydroxide was used. After blending each raw material in the amounts shown in Table 1, the rubber composition was prepared by kneading with a Banbury mixer.

Figure 0007014562000001
Figure 0007014562000001

次に、調製したゴム組成物(組成A及び組成B)を用いて、表2に示すように、厚みの異なる3種類の可撓部材を作製し(試料1、試料3及び試料4)、そこから発熱試験に供する試料を10cm×10cmのサイズでカットした。なお、試料1と、試料2とは同一の可撓部材からカットした厚み違いの試料である。 Next, using the prepared rubber compositions (composition A and composition B), as shown in Table 2, three types of flexible members having different thicknesses were prepared (Sample 1, Sample 3 and Sample 4). The sample to be subjected to the heat generation test was cut into a size of 10 cm × 10 cm. It should be noted that the sample 1 and the sample 2 are samples having different thicknesses cut from the same flexible member.

可撓部材の具体的な構成としては、内外層を構成する難燃性ゴム組成物として組成Aを使用し、中間層を構成する非難燃性ゴム組成物として組成Bを使用した。補強コードとしては直径0.6mmのポリアミド製コードを使用し、組成Bのゴム組成物をトッピングして補強ゴムシートを形成し、これを2プライ積層して1.8mm厚みの中間層を形成した。 As a specific configuration of the flexible member, composition A was used as the flame-retardant rubber composition constituting the inner and outer layers, and composition B was used as the non-flame-retardant rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer. A polyamide cord having a diameter of 0.6 mm was used as the reinforcing cord, and a rubber composition of composition B was topped to form a reinforcing rubber sheet, which was laminated in two plies to form an intermediate layer having a thickness of 1.8 mm. ..

上記中間層を所定の厚みの内層及び外層で挟んで積層して未加硫ゴム成形体を形成した後、これを加硫金型内にセットした。次いで、未加硫ゴム成形体の内側にブラダーと称されるゴム膜を配置し、このブラダーに蒸気を供給して未加硫ゴム成形体を加温・加圧することにより、可撓部材を加硫成形した。得られた3種類の可撓部材は、いずれも空気ばねに使用するのに必要な機械的特性及び物理的特性を満たすものであった。 The intermediate layer was sandwiched between an inner layer and an outer layer having a predetermined thickness and laminated to form an unvulcanized rubber molded product, which was then set in a vulcanization mold. Next, a rubber film called a bladder is placed inside the unvulcanized rubber molded body, and steam is supplied to this bladder to heat and pressurize the unvulcanized rubber molded body to add a flexible member. Vulcanized. All of the obtained three types of flexible members satisfied the mechanical and physical properties required for use in air springs.

本実施例では、可撓部材以外に、組成A及びBとは別の組成(組成C及び組成D)の難燃性ゴム組成物を使用した単層のゴムシート(試料5~8)、及び、組成Aの難燃性ゴム組成物を使用した単層のゴムシート(試料9)をそれぞれ加硫成形し、10cm×10cmのサイズでカットして試料1~4と同様に発熱試験に供した。 In this embodiment, a single-layer rubber sheet (samples 5 to 8) using a flame-retardant rubber composition having a composition different from the compositions A and B (composition C and composition D) other than the flexible member, and , A single-layer rubber sheet (Sample 9) using the flame-retardant rubber composition of Composition A was vulcanized and molded, cut into a size of 10 cm × 10 cm, and subjected to a heat generation test in the same manner as in Samples 1 to 4. ..

Figure 0007014562000002
Figure 0007014562000002

[発熱試験]
表2に示す9種類の試料(試料1~9)について、ISO 5660-1に準じて発熱試験を実施した。試験時間20分間、測定間隔2秒毎、輻射量25kW/m2の測定条件で発熱速度を測定し、MARHEを算出した。結果を表2に示す。
[Fever test]
A heat generation test was carried out for 9 types of samples (samples 1 to 9) shown in Table 2 according to ISO 5660-1. The heat generation rate was measured under the measurement conditions of a test time of 20 minutes, a measurement interval of 2 seconds, and a radiation amount of 25 kW / m 2 , and MARHE was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

なお、MARHE値は、試料1~4及び9については、試料1のMARHE値を100とするインデックス表示で示している。試料5~6については、試料5のMARHE値を100とするインデックス表示で示している。試料7~8については、試料7のMARHE値を100とするインデックス表示で示している。 The MARHE value is shown for Samples 1 to 4 and 9 by an index display in which the MARHE value of Sample 1 is 100. Samples 5 to 6 are indicated by an index display in which the MARHE value of sample 5 is 100. Samples 7 to 8 are indicated by an index display in which the MARHE value of sample 7 is 100.

[評価結果]
図5は、試料1~4の厚みと、MARHE値の関係を示すグラフ(黒丸プロット)である。このグラフより、可撓部材の厚みに比例して、MARHE値が低くなっている、すなわち、難燃性が高くなっていることがわかる。この傾向は、特定のゴム組成及び構造にのみ見られるのではなく、ゴム組成の異なる単層構造の試料5~6及び試料7~8の間でも同様の傾向が認められた。これにより、ゴム組成にかかわりなく、可撓部材の厚みが厚くなるほど、難燃性が高くなることが確認された。なお、試料1~4のハザードレベル(HL)については、試料1及び2はHL2をクリアするレベルであり、試料3及び4については、HL3をクリアするレベルであった。
[Evaluation results]
FIG. 5 is a graph (black circle plot) showing the relationship between the thickness of the samples 1 to 4 and the MARHE value. From this graph, it can be seen that the MARHE value is lower, that is, the flame retardancy is higher, in proportion to the thickness of the flexible member. This tendency was not only seen in a specific rubber composition and structure, but also in samples 5 to 6 and samples 7 to 8 having a single-layer structure having different rubber compositions. From this, it was confirmed that the thicker the flexible member, the higher the flame retardancy, regardless of the rubber composition. Regarding the hazard levels (HL) of Samples 1 to 4, Samples 1 and 2 were levels that cleared HL2, and Samples 3 and 4 were levels that cleared HL3.

従来の空気ばねにおいては、可撓部材の内外層は補強ゴム層である中間層を外部環境から保護するためのものであって、これを積極的に厚く形成しようという思想はなかった。これに対し、本発明では、上記評価結果の知見に基づき、可撓部材の内外層にのみ難燃性ゴム組成物を用いるとともに、中間層よりも積極的に層厚を厚くすることによって、可撓部材の機械的特性や物理的特性の性能を維持しつつ、難燃性を確保することを可能としている。 In the conventional air spring, the inner and outer layers of the flexible member are for protecting the intermediate layer, which is a reinforcing rubber layer, from the external environment, and there is no idea of positively forming the intermediate layer thickly. On the other hand, in the present invention, based on the knowledge of the above evaluation results, the flame-retardant rubber composition is used only for the inner and outer layers of the flexible member, and the layer thickness is positively increased more than that of the intermediate layer. It is possible to ensure flame retardancy while maintaining the performance of the mechanical and physical characteristics of the flexible member.

ISO 5660-1の発熱試験においては、n=3で試験が実施され、3回の試験で得られたMARHE値の平均値が採用される。同じ可撓部材からカットした同じ厚みの複数の試料を測定した結果から、MARHE値としては10程度の範囲でばらつきが生じることがわかっている。一方、図5のグラフの結果より、中間層の厚みが1.8mmのときに、内外層の平均厚みを2.0mmにすると、MARHE値は10低下する。
In the heat generation test of ISO 5660-1, the test is carried out at n = 3, and the average value of the MARHE values obtained in the three tests is adopted. From the results of measuring a plurality of samples of the same thickness cut from the same flexible member, it is known that the MARHE value varies in the range of about 10. On the other hand, from the result of the graph of FIG. 5 , when the thickness of the intermediate layer is 1.8 mm and the average thickness of the inner and outer layers is 2.0 mm, the MARHE value decreases by 10.

すなわち、内層、中間層及び外層の厚みが同じである可撓部材において、内外層を構成する難燃性ゴム組成物について所定のHLをクリアする組成を決定した後、内外層の平均厚みを中間層の1.1倍以上に形成することにより、ゴム組成を変更することなくMARHE値のばらつきを加味して予め全体的にMARHE値10程度下げることができる。 That is, in a flexible member having the same thickness of the inner layer, the intermediate layer and the outer layer, after determining a composition that clears a predetermined HL for the flame-retardant rubber composition constituting the inner and outer layers, the average thickness of the inner and outer layers is set to the middle. By forming the layer 1.1 times or more, the MARHE value can be lowered by about 10 in advance without changing the rubber composition in consideration of the variation in the MARHE value.

図5中に、試料9のMARHE値を記す(四角プロット)。試料9では組成Aで構成される厚み5.2mmのゴムシートのMARHE値は60である。これにより、可撓部材を構成するゴム組成物を全て難燃性ゴム組成物(組成A)としたときには、MARHE値は60程度になると見込まれる。中間層を構成するゴム組成物として非難燃性のものを使用して中間層の厚みを1.8mmとする場合、可撓部材の厚みを7.2mmとすれば、MARHE値を60とすることができる。すなわち、内外層の平均厚みを中間層の1.5倍とすることにより、組成Aの難燃性レベルを維持することができる。 The MARHE value of the sample 9 is shown in FIG. 5 (square plot). In sample 9, the MARHE value of the rubber sheet having a thickness of 5.2 mm and having the composition A is 60. As a result, when all the rubber compositions constituting the flexible member are flame-retardant rubber compositions (composition A), the MARHE value is expected to be about 60. When a non-flame-retardant rubber composition constituting the intermediate layer is used and the thickness of the intermediate layer is 1.8 mm, the MARHE value is 60 if the thickness of the flexible member is 7.2 mm. Can be done. That is, by making the average thickness of the inner and outer layers 1.5 times that of the intermediate layer, the flame retardant level of the composition A can be maintained.

試料1及び試料2について検討してみると、両者は、同じ可撓部材から切り出されたものである。この可撓部材は、厚み5.4mmになるように形成されたものであり、成形後に空気ばねに組み入れて実際に使用した後、空気ばねを分解し可撓部材を取り出した。試料1は、可撓部材の下部から切り出し、試料2は、可撓部材の中間部から切り出した。試料1の厚みは5.4mmであり、試料2の厚みは4.6mmである。 Examining Sample 1 and Sample 2, both are cut out from the same flexible member. This flexible member was formed so as to have a thickness of 5.4 mm, and after being incorporated into an air spring after molding and actually used, the air spring was disassembled and the flexible member was taken out. Sample 1 was cut out from the lower part of the flexible member, and sample 2 was cut out from the middle part of the flexible member. The thickness of the sample 1 is 5.4 mm, and the thickness of the sample 2 is 4.6 mm.

これは、未加硫ゴム成形体を加硫成形する際に、ブラダ―によって未加硫ゴム成形体にかかる圧力が中間部で大きくなり、その結果、中間部の厚みが薄くなったものと推察された。この結果より、未加硫ゴム成形体の中間部の厚みを予め厚くしておくことで、加硫成形後の可撓部材の中間部の厚みを、可撓部材の上部及び下部と同等以上の厚みに維持することができ、可撓部材全体の難燃性を良好に維持することが可能となる。 It is presumed that this is because when the unvulcanized rubber molded body is vulcanized, the pressure applied to the unvulcanized rubber molded body by the bladder increases in the intermediate portion, and as a result, the thickness of the intermediate portion becomes thin. Was done. From this result, by preliminarily increasing the thickness of the intermediate portion of the unvulcanized rubber molded body, the thickness of the intermediate portion of the flexible member after vulcanization molding is equal to or higher than that of the upper and lower portions of the flexible member. The thickness can be maintained, and the flame retardancy of the entire flexible member can be maintained satisfactorily.

以上、本発明の実施形態につき説明したが、本発明の範囲はこれに限定されるものではなく、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更を加えて実施することができる。たとえば、本実施形態においては、内外層の厚みは異なっていてもよく、たとえば、外層を内層よりも厚く設定してもよい。また、本発明の空気ばねは、鉄道車両のみならず、トラック・バス等の車両にも適用可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the inner and outer layers may be different, and for example, the outer layer may be set to be thicker than the inner layer. Further, the air spring of the present invention can be applied not only to railway vehicles but also to vehicles such as trucks and buses.

本実施形態及び上記変形例に開示されている構成要件は互いに組合せ可能であり、組合せることにより、新しい技術的特徴を形成することができる。 The constituent elements disclosed in the present embodiment and the above-described modifications can be combined with each other, and by combining them, new technical features can be formed.

1 空気ばね
2 上側部材
3 下側部材
4 可撓部材
7 弾性機構
8 頂板
9 下面板
11 上側部材受部
12 底板
13 弾性材層
14 硬質板
15 外層
16 内層
17 中間層
18 補強コード
1 Air spring 2 Upper member 3 Lower member 4 Flexible member 7 Elastic mechanism 8 Top plate 9 Bottom plate 11 Upper member receiving part 12 Bottom plate 13 Elastic material layer 14 Hard plate 15 Outer layer 16 Inner layer 17 Intermediate layer 18 Reinforcing cord

Claims (3)

上側部材と、前記上側部材の下方に配置される下側部材と、前記上側部材と前記下側部材の間に介装される筒状の可撓部材とを備えた空気ばねであって、前記可撓部材は、外層及び内層と、前記外層及び内層の間に介在される中間層とを備え、前記外層及び内層は、難燃性ゴム組成物から構成され、前記中間層は、非難燃性ゴム組成物に補強コードが埋設された補強ゴム層から構成され、前記内層の厚みと前記外層の厚みのそれぞれの平均厚みが、前記中間層の厚みの1.1倍以上であることを特徴とする空気ばね。 An air spring comprising an upper member, a lower member arranged below the upper member, and a tubular flexible member interposed between the upper member and the lower member. The flexible member includes an outer layer and an inner layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the outer layer and the inner layer. The outer layer and the inner layer are composed of a flame-retardant rubber composition, and the intermediate layer is non-flame-retardant. It is composed of a reinforcing rubber layer in which a reinforcing cord is embedded in a rubber composition, and is characterized in that the average thickness of each of the thickness of the inner layer and the thickness of the outer layer is 1.1 times or more the thickness of the intermediate layer. Air spring. 上側部材と、前記上側部材の下方に配置される下側部材と、前記上側部材と前記下側部材の間に介装される筒状の可撓部材とを備えた空気ばねであって、前記可撓部材は、外層及び内層と、前記外層及び内層の間に介在される中間層とを備え、前記外層及び内層は、難燃性ゴム組成物から構成された難燃層とされ、前記中間層は、非難燃性ゴム組成物に補強コードが埋設された補強ゴム層から構成された非難燃層とされ、前記難燃層の合計厚みが、前記非難燃層の厚みの2.2倍以上であることを特徴とする空気ばね。 An air spring comprising an upper member, a lower member arranged below the upper member, and a tubular flexible member interposed between the upper member and the lower member. The flexible member includes an outer layer and an inner layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the outer layer and the inner layer. The outer layer and the inner layer are a flame-retardant layer made of a flame-retardant rubber composition, and the intermediate layer is formed. The layer is a non-flame-retardant layer composed of a reinforcing rubber layer in which a reinforcing cord is embedded in the non-flame-retardant rubber composition, and the total thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 2.2 times or more the thickness of the non-flame-retardant layer. An air spring characterized by being. 前記中間層は、前記補強ゴム層が1層からなる単層構造又は前記補強ゴム層が複数層積層された積層構造であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の空気ばね。
The air spring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate layer has a single-layer structure in which the reinforcing rubber layer is composed of one layer or a laminated structure in which a plurality of the reinforcing rubber layers are laminated.
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US20080111288A1 (en) 2006-11-14 2008-05-15 Howard Michael C Air spring sleeve
JP2008132641A (en) 2006-11-28 2008-06-12 Bridgestone Corp Cylindrical flexible film body

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