JP2008132641A - Cylindrical flexible film body - Google Patents
Cylindrical flexible film body Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008132641A JP2008132641A JP2006319786A JP2006319786A JP2008132641A JP 2008132641 A JP2008132641 A JP 2008132641A JP 2006319786 A JP2006319786 A JP 2006319786A JP 2006319786 A JP2006319786 A JP 2006319786A JP 2008132641 A JP2008132641 A JP 2008132641A
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本発明は、被覆ゴム、外層ゴム及び内層ゴムを有する筒状可撓膜体、特に耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性が改善される上、各ゴム間の接着性を十分に確保することが可能な筒状可撓膜体に関するものである。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention improves the tubular flexible membrane body having a coating rubber, an outer layer rubber and an inner layer rubber, in particular, ozone resistance and wear resistance, and can sufficiently secure adhesion between the rubbers. The present invention relates to a cylindrical flexible film body.
一般に、筒状可撓膜体は、一対のビードリングと、該ビードリング間に延在したコードを被覆してなる被覆ゴムと、該被覆ゴムの外側に配設された外層ゴムと、該被覆ゴムの内側に配設された内層ゴムとを備え、該筒状可撓膜体は、その端部分を上面板及び下面板に気密に取り付けた鉄道車両用の空気ばねとして使用されている。 Generally, the cylindrical flexible membrane body includes a pair of bead rings, a covering rubber formed by covering a cord extending between the bead rings, an outer layer rubber disposed outside the covering rubber, and the covering The tubular flexible film body is used as an air spring for a railway vehicle having an end portion hermetically attached to an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate.
ここで、内層ゴムとしては、気密性及び屈曲性の観点から、天然ゴム（ＮＲ）や天然ゴム（ＮＲ）とスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム（ＳＢＲ）とのブレンド等のゴム成分が用いられる。また、外層ゴムとしては、耐屈曲性、耐候性及び耐摩耗性の観点から、クロロプレンゴムと天然ゴムとのブレンド等のゴム成分が用いられる。更に、被覆ゴムとしては、内外層ゴムとの接着性及びコードとの接着性の観点から、天然ゴム（ＮＲ）や天然ゴム（ＮＲ）とスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム（ＳＢＲ）とのブレンド等のゴム成分が用いられる。 Here, as the inner layer rubber, a rubber component such as natural rubber (NR) or a blend of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR) is used from the viewpoint of airtightness and flexibility. As the outer layer rubber, a rubber component such as a blend of chloroprene rubber and natural rubber is used from the viewpoints of flex resistance, weather resistance, and wear resistance. Furthermore, as the covering rubber, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the inner and outer layer rubber and adhesion to the cord, natural rubber (NR), blend of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), etc. The rubber component is used.
このような状況下、本発明者は、従来の配合処方からなる筒状可撓膜体を用いた空気ばねについて検討したところ、特に耐オゾン性が悪いことが分かった。このため、筒状可撓膜体については、およそ10年以上の寿命が求められているにもかかわらず、5〜6年の経過で外層ゴムの表面に細かなクラック、所謂オゾンクラックが発生し、10年程経過すると、そのクラックが筒状可撓膜体を貫通し、エアー漏れを起こし、その結果、空気ばねの寿命が低下する問題があった。 Under such circumstances, the present inventor examined an air spring using a cylindrical flexible film body made of a conventional compounding formulation, and found that ozone resistance was particularly poor. For this reason, although the cylindrical flexible membrane body is required to have a life of about 10 years or more, fine cracks, so-called ozone cracks, occur on the surface of the outer layer rubber after 5 to 6 years. After about 10 years, the crack penetrated the tubular flexible film body, causing air leakage, resulting in a problem that the life of the air spring was reduced.
また、本発明者は、更に検討した結果、空気ばねの長期間の使用により、上面板及び下面板に接触する筒状可撓膜体に摩耗が発生し、例えば、10年程の使用により、筒状可撓膜体の摩耗が被覆ゴムにまで達してしまうことが分かった。そして、この筒状可撓膜体の摩耗により、被覆ゴムのコードが露出する結果、空気ばねの寿命が低下する問題があった。 In addition, as a result of further study, the inventor has caused wear on the cylindrical flexible film body in contact with the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate due to the long-term use of the air spring, for example, about 10 years of use, It has been found that the wear of the cylindrical flexible film body reaches the coated rubber. As a result of the cord of the covering rubber being exposed due to wear of the tubular flexible membrane body, there is a problem that the life of the air spring is reduced.
そこで、本発明の目的は、上記筒状可撓膜体を用いた製品の寿命低下の問題を解決し、鉄道車両用空気ばね及び鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラム等への使用に好適で、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性が改善される上、各ゴム間の接着性を十分に確保することが可能な筒状可撓膜体を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of a decrease in the life of a product using the tubular flexible film body, and is suitable for use in a railway vehicle air spring, a railway vehicle brake diaphragm, and the like, and is resistant to ozone. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cylindrical flexible film body that is improved in wear resistance and can sufficiently secure adhesion between rubbers.
本発明者は、上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、従来の配合処方に代えて、ゴム成分としてクロロプレンゴムを多量に含んだ配合処方のゴム組成物を外層ゴム、内層ゴム及び被覆ゴムに用いることで、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性が改善される上、各ゴム間の接着性を十分に確保することが可能な筒状可撓膜体が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor has changed the rubber composition of the compounding formulation containing a large amount of chloroprene rubber as a rubber component instead of the conventional compounding formulation to the outer layer rubber, the inner layer rubber and the coated rubber. As a result, it was found that a cylindrical flexible membrane body capable of improving the ozone resistance and wear resistance and sufficiently securing the adhesion between the respective rubbers was obtained, and the present invention was completed. I came to let you.
即ち、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、一対のビードリングと、該ビードリング間に延在したコードを被覆してなる被覆ゴムと、該被覆ゴムの外側に接合された外層ゴムと、該被覆ゴムの内側に接合された内層ゴムとを備え、
前記被覆ゴム、前記外層ゴム及び前記内層ゴムに、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上含むゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする。
That is, the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention includes a pair of bead rings, a covering rubber formed by covering a cord extending between the bead rings, an outer layer rubber bonded to the outside of the covering rubber, An inner layer rubber bonded to the inside of the covering rubber,
A rubber composition comprising a rubber component (A) containing 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber is used for the covering rubber, the outer layer rubber, and the inner layer rubber.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、前記ゴム成分（Ａ）がクロロプレンゴム100質量％からなることが好ましい。 In the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention, the rubber component (A) is preferably composed of 100% by mass of chloroprene rubber.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体の好適例においては、前記ゴム組成物が、前記ゴム成分（Ａ）100質量部に対して、可塑剤（Ｂ）を10質量部以上配合してなる。 In a preferred example of the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention, the rubber composition is formed by blending 10 parts by mass or more of the plasticizer (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A).
また、本発明の鉄道車両用空気ばねは、上記の筒状可撓膜体を用いたことを特徴とする。 The railcar air spring of the present invention is characterized by using the above-mentioned cylindrical flexible film body.
更に、本発明の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムは、上記の筒状可撓膜体を用いたことを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is characterized by using the above-mentioned tubular flexible film body.
本発明によれば、従来の配合処方のゴム組成物に代えて、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上含むゴム成分を含有してなるゴム組成物を外層ゴム、内層ゴム及び被覆ゴムに用いることで、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性が改善される上、各ゴム間の接着性を十分に確保することが可能な筒状可撓膜体を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, instead of the rubber composition of the conventional compounding prescription, by using a rubber composition containing a rubber component containing 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber for the outer layer rubber, the inner layer rubber and the covering rubber, In addition to improving ozone resistance and wear resistance, it is possible to provide a cylindrical flexible film body that can sufficiently secure adhesion between rubbers.
以下に、図を参照しながら本発明を詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の筒状可撓膜体の一例の断面図である。図１に示す筒状可撓膜体１は、一対のビードリング２と、該ビードリング２間に延在したコード３を被覆してなる被覆ゴム４と、該被覆ゴム４の外側に接合された外層ゴム５と、該被覆ゴム４の内側に接合された内層ゴム６とを備える。また、図示例の筒状可撓膜体１において、被覆ゴム４は、筒状可撓膜体１の周方向と略直角に配列した複数のコード３を被覆してなる二枚の被覆ゴム層から形成され、上記一対のビードリング２間に延びる本体部と、ビードリング２の周りで巻上げた折り返し部とからなる。ここで、二枚の被覆ゴム層は、該被覆ゴム層を構成するコードが互いに交差するように積層されて被覆ゴム４を構成することが好ましい。なお、本発明の筒状可撓膜体において、被覆ゴムは、ビードリング間に延在したコードを被覆したものであればよく、被覆ゴムの構造は、これに限られるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention. A cylindrical flexible membrane body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is joined to a pair of bead rings 2, a covering rubber 4 covering a cord 3 extending between the bead rings 2, and the outside of the covering rubber 4. The outer layer rubber 5 and the inner layer rubber 6 joined to the inner side of the covering rubber 4 are provided. Moreover, in the tubular flexible film body 1 in the illustrated example, the covering rubber 4 includes two covering rubber layers covering a plurality of cords 3 arranged substantially at right angles to the circumferential direction of the tubular flexible film body 1. And a main body extending between the pair of bead rings 2 and a folded portion wound up around the bead ring 2. Here, the two coated rubber layers are preferably laminated such that the cords constituting the coated rubber layer intersect each other to form the coated rubber 4. In the tubular flexible film body of the present invention, the covering rubber only needs to cover the cord extending between the bead rings, and the structure of the covering rubber is not limited to this.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体においては、外層ゴム５、内層ゴム６及び被覆ゴム４に、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上含むゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いることを要し、クロロプレンゴム100質量％からなるゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いることが好ましい。 In the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention, the rubber composition comprising the rubber component (A) containing 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber is used for the outer layer rubber 5, the inner layer rubber 6 and the covering rubber 4. In short, it is preferable to use a rubber composition containing a rubber component (A) comprising 100% by mass of chloroprene rubber.
一般に、クロロプレンゴム（ＣＲ）は、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性に優れることが知られ、従来の筒状可撓膜体においては、外層ゴムにクロロプレンゴムを一定量含むゴム組成物を適用していた。ここで、従来のゴム組成物のゴム成分中に占めるクロロプレンゴムの割合を増加した場合、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性が向上するものの、クロロプレンゴムと、内層ゴムや被覆ゴムに用いる天然ゴム（ＮＲ）との極性の違いから、ゴム間の接着性が低下する問題があった。また、各ゴム間の加硫速度の違いから、加硫戻り等の現象が発現し、筒状可撓膜体の最適な物性・機能を発揮できない問題もあった。なお、加硫戻りとは、天然ゴム等をオーバー加硫することで、該ゴムが軟化し、伸びが低下する等の物性低下を起こす現象である。しかし、本発明の筒状可撓膜体においては、外層ゴムに加えて、内層ゴム及び被覆ゴムにも、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上、好ましくは100質量％含むゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いるため、各ゴム間の接着性や加硫速度の違いが改善され、筒状可撓膜体の耐久性を維持しつつ、耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性を大幅に向上させることができる。また、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、クロロプレンゴムがポリマー特性として高温特性に優れており、70℃近傍の高温領域でも、十分に使用できる。なお、本発明の筒状可撓膜体を形成する各ゴムのゴム成分（Ａ）中に占めるクロロプレンゴムの含有率は、90質量％以上であればよく、各ゴムのクロロプレンゴムの含有率が同じである必要はない。 In general, chloroprene rubber (CR) is known to be excellent in ozone resistance and abrasion resistance, and in a conventional cylindrical flexible film body, a rubber composition containing a certain amount of chloroprene rubber as an outer layer rubber is applied. It was. Here, when the proportion of chloroprene rubber in the rubber component of the conventional rubber composition is increased, ozone resistance and wear resistance are improved, but chloroprene rubber and natural rubber (NR) used for inner layer rubber and covering rubber are improved. ) And the difference in polarity, there was a problem that the adhesiveness between the rubbers was lowered. In addition, due to the difference in the vulcanization speed between the rubbers, a phenomenon such as vulcanization reversion occurs, and there is a problem that the optimum physical properties and functions of the cylindrical flexible film body cannot be exhibited. The reversion is a phenomenon in which natural rubber or the like is over-vulcanized, and the physical properties such as softening of the rubber and reduction of elongation are caused. However, in the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention, in addition to the outer layer rubber, the inner layer rubber and the covering rubber also contain a rubber component (A) containing 90% by mass or more, preferably 100% by mass of chloroprene rubber. The difference in the adhesion and vulcanization speed between the rubbers is improved and the durability of the cylindrical flexible membrane body is maintained, while greatly improving ozone resistance and wear resistance. Can be made. In the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention, chloroprene rubber is excellent in high temperature characteristics as a polymer characteristic, and can be sufficiently used even in a high temperature region around 70 ° C. In addition, the content rate of the chloroprene rubber which occupies in the rubber component (A) of each rubber which forms the cylindrical flexible film body of this invention should just be 90 mass% or more, and the content rate of the chloroprene rubber of each rubber is It doesn't have to be the same.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体において、上記ゴム組成物のゴム成分（Ａ）は、クロロプレンゴム（ＣＲ）を90質量％以上含む限り、特に制限はなく、必要に応じて、天然ゴム（ＮＲ）、ポリイソプレンゴム（ＩＲ）、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム（ＳＢＲ）、ポリブタジエンゴム（ＢＲ）、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンゴム（ＥＰＤＭ）、イソブチレンイソプレンゴム（ＩＩＲ）、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム、アクリロニリトル−ブタジエンゴム（ＮＢＲ）等をブレンドすることができる。また、これらゴム成分の一部が、多官能型変性剤、例えば、四塩化スズ等によって変性され、分岐構造を有しているものをブレンドすることもできる。これらゴム成分の中でも、天然ゴムをブレンドすることが好ましい。 In the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention, the rubber component (A) of the rubber composition is not particularly limited as long as it contains 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber (CR). If necessary, natural rubber (NR ), Polyisoprene rubber (IR), styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), isobutylene isoprene rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber, acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber (NBR) or the like can be blended. In addition, a part of these rubber components modified with a polyfunctional modifier such as tin tetrachloride and the like and having a branched structure can be blended. Among these rubber components, it is preferable to blend natural rubber.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体に用いるゴム組成物は、可塑剤（Ｂ）を上記ゴム成分（Ａ）100質量部に対して10質量部以上の割合で配合することが好ましい。上記ゴム成分（Ａ）は、対オゾン性及び耐摩耗性を更に向上させる観点から、クロロプレンゴムを多量に含有することが好ましいが、クロロプレンゴムは一般に耐寒性が低く、改良の余地がある。ここで、上記ゴム成分（Ａ）に対し、可塑剤（Ｂ）を上記の範囲内で配合した場合においては、ゴム組成物の脆化点が低下し、寒冷地での耐寒性を向上でき、実用的には十分な耐寒性を有することとなる。また、上記可塑剤（Ｂ）の配合量が10質量部未満では、寒冷地での耐寒性が十分でない。上記可塑剤（Ｂ）として、具体的には、パラフィン系又はナフテン系の石油系可塑剤、セバケート系可塑剤等が挙げられる。 In the rubber composition used for the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention, the plasticizer (B) is preferably blended at a ratio of 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). The rubber component (A) preferably contains a large amount of chloroprene rubber from the viewpoint of further improving ozone resistance and wear resistance, but chloroprene rubber generally has low cold resistance and has room for improvement. Here, when the plasticizer (B) is blended within the above range with respect to the rubber component (A), the embrittlement point of the rubber composition is lowered, and cold resistance in a cold region can be improved. Practically, it has sufficient cold resistance. Moreover, if the compounding quantity of the said plasticizer (B) is less than 10 mass parts, the cold resistance in a cold region is not enough. Specific examples of the plasticizer (B) include paraffinic or naphthenic petroleum plasticizers, sebacate plasticizers, and the like.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体に用いるゴム組成物は、更に充填剤を上記ゴム成分（Ａ）100質量部に対して25〜60質量部の割合で配合することが好ましい。充填剤の配合量が25質量部未満では、加硫ゴムの破壊特性及び耐摩耗性が十分でなく、一方、60質量部を超えると、作業性が悪化する傾向がある。ここで、充填剤としては、カーボンブラック及びシリカが好ましい。なお、カーボンブラックとしては、ＦＥＦ，ＳＲＦ，ＨＡＦ，ＩＳＡＦ，ＳＡＦグレードのものが好ましい。一方、シリカとしては、湿式シリカ及び乾式シリカ等が好ましく、湿式シリカが更に好ましい。これら補強性の充填剤は、一種単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上を混合して用いてもよい。 In the rubber composition used for the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention, it is preferable to further blend a filler in a proportion of 25 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). When the blending amount of the filler is less than 25 parts by mass, the fracture characteristics and wear resistance of the vulcanized rubber are not sufficient, while when it exceeds 60 parts by mass, the workability tends to deteriorate. Here, as the filler, carbon black and silica are preferable. The carbon black is preferably FEF, SRF, HAF, ISAF, or SAF grade. On the other hand, as silica, wet silica and dry silica are preferable, and wet silica is more preferable. These reinforcing fillers may be used alone or in a combination of two or more.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体に用いるゴム組成物には、上記ゴム成分（Ａ）、可塑剤（Ｂ）、充填剤の他に、ゴム工業界で通常使用される配合剤、例えば、老化防止剤、シランカップリング剤、加硫促進剤、加硫促進助剤、加硫剤等を、本発明の目的を害しない範囲内で適宜選択して配合することができる。これら配合剤としては、市販品を好適に使用することができる。上記ゴム組成物は、ゴム成分（Ａ）に、必要に応じて適宜選択した各種配合剤を配合して、混練り、熱入れ、押出等することにより製造することができる。 In addition to the rubber component (A), the plasticizer (B), and the filler, the rubber composition used for the cylindrical flexible membrane of the present invention includes a compounding agent commonly used in the rubber industry, such as aging. An inhibitor, a silane coupling agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a vulcanization acceleration aid, a vulcanization agent, and the like can be appropriately selected and blended within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention. As these compounding agents, commercially available products can be suitably used. The rubber composition can be produced by blending the rubber component (A) with various compounding agents appropriately selected as necessary, kneading, heating, extruding and the like.
本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、例えば、コードを接着剤で接着剤処理（ディップ処理）した後に、上記ゴム組成物で被覆してなる被覆ゴムと、上記ゴム組成物からなる内層ゴム及び外層ゴムとを適用して、常法により成形、加硫等することにより製造することができる。ここで、コードに接着剤処理（ディップ処理）を施す際の接着剤の付着量管理と、加硫時間の調整により、コードと被覆ゴムとの接着性を十分に確保することができる。 The cylindrical flexible membrane body of the present invention includes, for example, a coated rubber formed by coating a cord with an adhesive (dip treatment) and then coating with the rubber composition, an inner layer rubber formed with the rubber composition, and It can be produced by applying outer layer rubber and molding, vulcanizing, etc. by a conventional method. Here, the adhesiveness between the cord and the covering rubber can be sufficiently ensured by controlling the amount of adhesive applied when the cord is subjected to the adhesive treatment (dip treatment) and adjusting the vulcanization time.
上述した本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、自動車用空気ばね、鉄道車両用空気ばね等に適用されるが、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、耐摩耗性が高いため、上下変位のみならず、水平方向の変位に対しても耐久性が要求される鉄道車両用空気ばねに特に好適である。また、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムにも好適に使用される。ここで、本発明の筒状可撓膜体を鉄道車両用空気ばね及び鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムに使用する場合において、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、図２に示すようなベローズ型を形成するのが好ましい。なお、図２は、本発明の筒状可撓膜体の他の例の部分断面図であって、図１と同じ符号は同じ部材であることを示す。また、本発明の筒状可撓膜体は、図１に示す円筒型の構造や図２に示す一段ベローズ型の構造の他にも、多段式のベローズ型の構造等、その用途に合わせた構造を形成することができる。 The tubular flexible membrane of the present invention described above is applied to an air spring for automobiles, an air spring for railway vehicles, etc., but the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention has high wear resistance, so In addition, it is particularly suitable for an air spring for a railway vehicle that requires durability against horizontal displacement. Moreover, the cylindrical flexible film body of the present invention is also suitably used for a railway vehicle brake diaphragm. Here, when the tubular flexible membrane body of the present invention is used for a railway vehicle air spring and a railway vehicle brake diaphragm, the tubular flexible membrane body of the present invention has a bellows type as shown in FIG. Preferably formed. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of another example of the tubular flexible membrane of the present invention, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same members. In addition to the cylindrical structure shown in FIG. 1 and the one-step bellows type structure shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical flexible membrane body of the present invention is adapted to its use, such as a multi-stage bellows type structure. A structure can be formed.
本発明の鉄道車両用空気ばねは、上述した筒状可撓膜体を用いたことを特徴とする。以下に、図を参照しながら本発明の鉄道車両用空気ばねを詳細に説明する。図３は、本発明の鉄道車両用空気ばねの一例を常態姿勢で示す縦断面図である。図３に示す鉄道車両用空気ばね７は、上面板８及び下面板９と、これら面板８，９に夫々の端部を気密に連結した筒状可撓膜体１とを備える。また、図３に示す鉄道車両用空気ばね７は、後述する部材と連結することにより、好適に作用する。 The air spring for railway vehicles of the present invention is characterized by using the above-described tubular flexible film body. The railcar air spring of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the railcar air spring of the present invention in a normal posture. The railcar air spring 7 shown in FIG. 3 includes a top plate 8 and a bottom plate 9 and a tubular flexible membrane 1 in which end portions thereof are connected to the face plates 8 and 9 in an airtight manner. Further, the railcar air spring 7 shown in FIG. 3 works suitably by being connected to a member to be described later.
図３に示す鉄道車両用空気ばね７においては、上記下面板９に、ゴムリング１０と剛性リング１１とを交互に複数段に積層してなる円筒状の積層ゴム１２を、鉄道車両用空気ばね７と整列する同軸姿勢で気密に連結し、更に、鉄道車両用空気ばね７の内側を積層ゴム１２の内側に連通させる絞り通路１３を設ける。ここで、上記積層ゴム１２は、その上端に配設した剛性取付けリング１４によって下面板９に連結することができ、また、その下端に配設した、剛性の閉塞板１５に設けた連結パイプ１６の差込みによって補助タンク（図示せず）に取り付けることができる。 In the railcar air spring 7 shown in FIG. 3, a cylindrical laminated rubber 12 formed by alternately laminating rubber rings 10 and rigid rings 11 on the lower surface plate 9 in a plurality of stages is used. A throttle passage 13 is provided, which is airtightly connected in a coaxial posture aligned with 7, and further connects the inside of the railcar air spring 7 to the inside of the laminated rubber 12. Here, the laminated rubber 12 can be connected to the lower surface plate 9 by a rigid attachment ring 14 provided at the upper end thereof, and a connecting pipe 16 provided on a rigid closing plate 15 provided at the lower end thereof. Can be attached to an auxiliary tank (not shown).
また、図３に示す鉄道車両用空気ばね７は、筒状可撓膜体１において上面板８や剛性取付けリング１４との接触部を保護するため、筒状可撓膜体１の近傍にゴム部材１７を配設することもできる。 Also, the railcar air spring 7 shown in FIG. 3 has a rubber in the vicinity of the tubular flexible film body 1 in order to protect the contact portion of the tubular flexible film body 1 with the top plate 8 and the rigid mounting ring 14. A member 17 can also be provided.
本発明の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムは、上述した筒状可撓膜体を用いたことを特徴とする。以下に、図を参照しながら本発明の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムを詳細に説明する。図４は、本発明の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムの一例をピストンが移動する前の状態で示す縦断面図である。図４に示す鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラム１８は、ピストン１９と、ストッパー受け２０と、ストッパー２１と、これら各部１９，２０，２１を気密に連結した筒状可撓膜体１と、該筒状可撓膜体１の外側に配設したバンド２２と、締め金具２３とを備える。 The brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle of the present invention is characterized by using the above-described cylindrical flexible film body. Hereinafter, the brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle according to the present invention before the piston moves. The brake diaphragm 18 for a railway vehicle shown in FIG. 4 includes a piston 19, a stopper receiver 20, a stopper 21, a tubular flexible film body 1 in which these portions 19, 20, 21 are connected in an airtight manner, and the tubular flexible film body 1. A band 22 disposed on the outer side of the flexible membrane body 1 and a fastener 23 are provided.
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
表１に示す配合処方に従って内層ゴム及び外層ゴム用ゴム組成物を調製した。また、表２に示す配合処方に従って被覆ゴム用ゴム組成物を調製した。更に、ゴム組成物Ａ〜Ｃに関し、ゴム物性を下記の方法により測定した。 A rubber composition for inner layer rubber and outer layer rubber was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. A rubber composition for coated rubber was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 2. Further, rubber properties of rubber compositions A to C were measured by the following methods.
＊１ 昭和電工(株)製，ショウプレンＷＲＴ.
＊２ ＪＳＲ(株)製，ＢＲ０１.
＊３ Ｓｕｎ Ｏｉｌ社製，Ｓｕｎｔｈｅｎｅ ４２４０.
＊４ ＪＳＲ(株)製，ＳＢＲ１７１２.
* 1 Showrene WRT, manufactured by Showa Denko K.K.
* 2 BR01 manufactured by JSR Corporation.
* 3 Sun Oil 4240 manufactured by Sun Oil.
* 4 SBR1712, manufactured by JSR Corporation.
（１）ゴム物性
（ａ）硬度
ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６２５３に準拠して、タイプＡデュロメータを用いデュロメータ硬さ試験を行い、加硫したゴム組成物の硬度（°）を測定した。
（ｂ）強力
ダンベル状試験片を作製し、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６２５１-１９９３に準拠して引張試験を行い、加硫したゴム組成物の引張強さ（MPa）を測定した。
（Ｃ）伸び
ダンベル状試験片を作製し、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６２５１-１９９３に準拠して引張試験を行い、加硫したゴム組成物の切断時伸び（％）を測定した。
(1) Rubber physical properties (a) Hardness Based on JIS K 6253, a durometer hardness test was performed using a type A durometer, and the hardness (°) of the vulcanized rubber composition was measured.
(B) Strength A dumbbell-shaped test piece was prepared, a tensile test was performed in accordance with JIS K 6251-1993, and the tensile strength (MPa) of the vulcanized rubber composition was measured.
(C) Elongation A dumbbell-shaped test piece was prepared, a tensile test was performed in accordance with JIS K 6251-1993, and the elongation (%) at break of the vulcanized rubber composition was measured.
次に、表３に示す組み合わせで、内層ゴム用ゴム組成物、外層ゴム用ゴム組成物及び被覆ゴム用ゴム組成物を用い、更にナイロン又はポリエステルコードを被覆ゴム用ゴム組成物で被覆して、標準高さにおける有効直径が160φで、標準高さ100mmの筒状可撓膜体を作製し、この筒状可撓膜体を用いて、図４に示す構造の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムを作製した。作製した鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムに対して、下記の方法で耐オゾン性及び耐久性を評価し、また、各鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムに用いた外層ゴムの耐摩耗性を評価した。結果を表３に示す。 Next, using the rubber composition for inner layer rubber, the rubber composition for outer layer rubber, and the rubber composition for covering rubber in the combinations shown in Table 3, further coating nylon or polyester cord with the rubber composition for covering rubber, A tubular flexible membrane having an effective diameter of 160φ at a standard height and a standard height of 100 mm was produced, and a brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle having the structure shown in FIG. 4 was produced using the tubular flexible membrane. . The produced railway brake diaphragm was evaluated for ozone resistance and durability by the following methods, and the wear resistance of the outer layer rubber used for each railway railway brake diaphragm was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.
（２）耐オゾン性
オゾン濃度50pphm、温度40℃の環境下で、0〜30％の伸長を繰り返し行い、24時間、54時間、168時間及び216時間後での筒状可撓膜体に発生したクラックの状況を判断した。
なお、クラックが発生しなかったものを「○」、クラックが若干発生したものを「△」、及びクラックが明らかに発生したものを「×」として評価した。また、比較例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムについては、54時間後にクッラクが明らかに発生したことが確認されたため、その後の評価を実施しなかった。
(2) Ozone resistance In an environment with an ozone concentration of 50 pphm and a temperature of 40 ° C., 0-30% elongation is repeated and occurs in the cylindrical flexible film after 24 hours, 54 hours, 168 hours and 216 hours. The situation of cracks that were made was judged.
In addition, the case where the crack did not occur was evaluated as “◯”, the case where the crack was slightly generated was evaluated as “Δ”, and the case where the crack was clearly generated was evaluated as “×”. In addition, regarding the brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle of the comparative example, it was confirmed that cracks were clearly generated after 54 hours, and thus the subsequent evaluation was not performed.
（３）耐久性
供給空気圧7.5kgf/cm2、動作サイクル10cpm、動作ストローク0〜100mm、動作回数20万回の条件下、耐久試験を行った。実施例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラム及び比較例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムの両方で、耐久性について問題は見られなかった。
(3) Durability Durability tests were conducted under the conditions of supply air pressure 7.5 kgf / cm 2 , operation cycle 10 cpm, operation stroke 0-100 mm, operation number 200,000 times. There were no problems with durability in both the railroad vehicle brake diaphragm of the example and the railcar brake diaphragm of the comparative example.
（４）耐摩耗性
ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６２６４に準拠し、傾角15°で荷重45Nの条件下、アクロン摩耗試験を行い、摩耗輪1000回転当たりの外層ゴムの摩耗容積（cm3）を測定した。一方、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ６２６４に準拠してＤＩＮ摩耗試験を行い、外層ゴムの摩耗抵抗指数（％）を測定した。外層ゴムの摩耗容積（cm3）が小さい程、耐摩耗性が良好であることを示し、また、外層ゴムの摩耗抵抗指数（％）が大きい程、耐摩耗性が良好であることを示す。
(4) Abrasion resistance In accordance with JIS K 6264, an Akron abrasion test was performed under the condition of an inclination angle of 15 ° and a load of 45 N, and the abrasion volume (cm 3 ) of the outer layer rubber per 1000 revolutions of the abrasion wheel was measured. On the other hand, a DIN abrasion test was performed in accordance with JIS K 6264, and the abrasion resistance index (%) of the outer layer rubber was measured. The smaller the wear volume (cm 3 ) of the outer layer rubber, the better the wear resistance, and the larger the wear resistance index (%) of the outer layer rubber, the better the wear resistance.
表３の結果から、実施例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムは、比較例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムよりも耐オゾン性及び耐摩耗性に優れることが分かる。加えて、実施例の鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラムは、筒状可撓膜体を形成する外層ゴム、内層ゴム及び被覆ゴムに、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上含むゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いることにより、各ゴム間の接着性が改善された結果、筒状可撓膜体の外層ゴムにクロロプレンゴムを多量に配合した場合においても、耐久性が良好であることが分かる。 From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the brake diaphragm for railway vehicles of the example is superior in ozone resistance and wear resistance than the brake diaphragm for railway vehicles of the comparative example. In addition, the brake diaphragm for a railway vehicle according to the embodiment contains the rubber component (A) containing 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber in the outer layer rubber, the inner layer rubber, and the covering rubber that form the cylindrical flexible film body. As a result of improving the adhesion between the rubbers by using the rubber composition, it can be seen that the durability is good even when a large amount of chloroprene rubber is blended with the outer layer rubber of the cylindrical flexible membrane body. .
１ 筒状可撓膜体
２ ビードリング
３ コード
４ 被覆ゴム
５ 外層ゴム
６ 内層ゴム
７ 鉄道車両用空気ばね
８ 上面板
９ 下面板
１０ ゴムリング
１１ 剛性リング
１２ 積層ゴム
１３ 絞り通路
１４ 剛性取付けリング
１５ 閉塞板
１６ 連結パイプ
１７ ゴム部材
１８ 鉄道車両用ブレーキダイヤフラム
１９ ピストン
２０ ストッパー受け
２１ ストッパー
２２ バンド
２３ 締め金具
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical flexible membrane body 2 Bead ring 3 Code | cord | chord 4 Cover rubber | gum 5 Outer rubber | gum 6 Inner rubber | gum 7 Air rail spring 8 Upper surface board 9 Lower surface board 10 Rubber ring 11 Rigid ring 12 Laminated rubber 13 Diaphragm passage 14 Rigid attachment ring 15 Blocking plate 16 Connecting pipe 17 Rubber member 18 Brake diaphragm for railway vehicle 19 Piston 20 Stopper receiver 21 Stopper 22 Band 23 Fastener
Claims (5)
前記被覆ゴム、前記外層ゴム及び前記内層ゴムに、クロロプレンゴムを90質量％以上含むゴム成分（Ａ）を含有してなるゴム組成物を用いたことを特徴とする筒状可撓膜体。 A pair of bead rings, a covering rubber formed by covering a cord extending between the bead rings, an outer layer rubber bonded to the outside of the covering rubber, and an inner layer rubber bonded to the inside of the covering rubber In the cylindrical flexible membrane body provided,
A cylindrical flexible membrane comprising a rubber composition containing a rubber component (A) containing 90% by mass or more of chloroprene rubber in the covering rubber, the outer layer rubber and the inner layer rubber.
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| JP2006319786A JP2008132641A (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2006-11-28 | Cylindrical flexible film body |
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| US8613504B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2013-12-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Fluid storage container |
| US8979253B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2015-03-17 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Fluid storage container |
| US9248657B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2016-02-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Fluid storage container |
| JP2013155248A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Bridgestone Corp | Rubber composition for air spring |
| JP2019074181A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2019-05-16 | Ｔｏｙｏ Ｔｉｒｅ株式会社 | Air spring |
| JP7014562B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2022-02-01 | ニッタ化工品株式会社 | Air spring |
| WO2020079913A1 (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Rubber member and coating layer composition of rubber member |
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