JP7004949B2 - Fireproof structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fireproof structure, and more particularly to a building material that is a framework of a building, that is, a fireproof structure having fire resistance used as a pillar, a beam, a wall, a foundation, or the like.

So-called wooden buildings, which use wood for the main part in terms of structural strength, have humidity control properties, heat insulation properties, etc., and the building materials that make up the wooden buildings are recyclable, so many have been constructed. There is.
On the other hand, since wooden buildings have the property of being vulnerable to fire, fireproof structures having improved fire resistance while maintaining structural strength are required as building materials for wooden buildings.

For example, a load bearing layer made of wood or the like sufficient to support a long-term load, a burnout layer having a high heat capacity material arranged outside the load bearing layer and having a heat capacity larger than that of wood, and a burnout layer outside the burnout layer. Structural materials are known that are arranged and have a burn margin layer made of wood having a predetermined burn margin thickness (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
Since such a structural material has a burnout layer as a part that disappears in the event of a fire, the load bearing layer maintains its strength for a certain period of time even while the burnout margin layer is burning, so that the building can be built. It can be prevented from collapsing.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-36456 Japanese Patent No. 4065416 Japanese Patent No. 4292119

However, in the structural materials described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the load support layer, the burn stop layer and the burn margin layer are continuous in the lateral direction, if the burn margin layer burns for a long time, heat is generated. Will be transmitted to the load bearing layer. Then, the load-bearing layer may be burnt due to the heat, and in some cases, there may be a risk of ignition.
Further, in the above structural material, after the burn-off layer is burned, a large amount of ash remains and the load-bearing layer is continuous with the stop-burning layer. Therefore, if the load-bearing layer remains. However, it is difficult to remove the burn-off layer and the burn-off layer, and further, attaching another burn-stop layer and the burn-off layer to the load-bearing layer requires extremely complicated work.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has excellent fire resistance, has extremely low heat transfer to the supporting wood portion, and is damaged even when the non-combustible wood portion is damaged by a fire or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fireproof structure in which a non-combustible timber portion can be easily removed and another non-combustible timber portion can be relatively easily attached to a supporting timber portion.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors shall include a support wood portion and a non-combustible wood portion arranged outside the support wood portion so that the periphery of the support wood portion is not exposed. Furthermore, they have found that the above problems can be solved by providing a space between the supporting wood portion and the non-combustible wood portion, and have completed the present invention.

The present invention is (1) a fireproof structure used as a building material, and is arranged outside the supporting timber portion for supporting a load and the surroundings of the supporting timber portion so as not to be exposed. A flat-shaped spacer is attached to at least four corners of the outer peripheral surface of the support wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion, and between the support wood portion and the non-combustible wood portion. Is provided with a space, the space is secured by the thickness of the spacer, the thickness of the spacer is 1 mm to 20 mm, and the material of the spacer is gypsum board, calcium silicate board, plywood, single board laminated. Wood, sawn timber, cellulose fiber, wool, polystyrene foam, rigid urethane foam or phenolic foam , incombustible wood is formed by connecting a plurality of laminated block materials to each other, and the laminated block material is a convex portion. Alternatively, it has a recess, and the convex portion of one of the assembled block materials is fitted into the concave portion of the other assembled block material, and the assembled block material is composed of a plurality of plate-shaped timbers bonded to each other, which is not possible. It contains a fueling agent, the thickness of the plate-shaped wood is 5 mm to 50 mm, the non-combustible wood part has a stepped contact part at one place in the circumferential direction, and the contact part is in the width direction. It exists in a fireproof structure formed by laminating plate-shaped timbers of different lengths .

The present invention resides in (2) the fireproof structure according to (1) above , wherein the spacer has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less .

The present invention resides in ( 3 ) the fireproof structure according to (1) or (2) above, wherein a heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the noncombustible wood portion.

The present invention resides in ( 4 ) the fireproof structure according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ) above, which is used as a pillar, a beam or a wall.

In the present invention, the non - combustible agent is a boron compound such as boric acid, sodium borate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, a phosphoric acid compound such as ammonium phosphate or guanidine phosphate, a nitrogen compound, ammonium bromide or the like. The fire-resistant structure according to any one of (1) to (4) above, which comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen compound and a silicon compound.

Since the fireproof structure of the present invention includes a supporting timber portion for supporting a load, the structural strength can be reliably maintained.
Further, since the non-combustible wood portion is arranged on the outside of the support timber portion so that the periphery of the support timber portion is not exposed in the fire-resistant structure, the fire does not burn and the fire resistance is excellent. .. Since the supporting timber section is protected by the non-combustible timber section, it is not affected not only by fire but also by other external sources. That is, the supporting timber portion can maintain the initial state.
Further, since the surface of the fire-resistant structure is a non-combustible wood portion and has no burning margin, ash or the like does not remain even after a fire.

In the fire-resistant structure of the present invention, since a space is provided between the support wood portion and the non-combustible wood portion, even if the non-combustible wood portion is heated in the event of a fire, the heat is transferred to the support wood portion. Can be suppressed (heat transfer suppression). As a result, it is possible to prevent the supporting wood portion from being burnt or ignited.
Further, in the fireproof structure, the non-combustible wood portion can be easily removed from the supporting wood portion through the above-mentioned space (easiness of detachment). For example, when the non-combustible wood part is damaged by a fire or an external impact, the damaged non-combustible wood part can be removed and another non-combustible wood part can be relatively easily attached to the supporting wood part.
The width of the space between the supporting wood portion and the non-combustible wood portion is preferably 1 mm to 20 mm.

In the fireproof structure of the present invention, when a spacer is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion, the space can be secured by the thickness of the spacer. As a result, the above-mentioned effects of suppressing heat transfer and easiness of detaching the non-combustible wood portion can be surely exhibited.
At this time, when the thermal conductivity of the spacer is 0.5 W / (m · K) or less, the heat insulating property is excellent, so that even if the non-combustible wood part is heated, heat transfer to the supporting wood part is suppressed. be able to.

In the fireproof structure of the present invention, when the non-combustible wood portion is formed by connecting a plurality of laminated lumber members to each other, the non-combustible wood portion can be easily attached to the supporting timber portion. That is, the non-combustible wood portion can be attached to the outside of the supporting wood portion by connecting the laminated lumber parts to each other, and the non-combustible wood portion can be removed by disassembling the laminated lumber portion.
Further, in the fireproof structure, if the aggregated block material has a convex portion or a concave portion at an end and the convex portion of one aggregated block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other aggregated block material, the aggregated block material is assembled. The block materials can be firmly connected to each other.

In the fire-resistant structure of the present invention, when the laminated lumber is made of a plurality of plate-shaped timber bonded to each other and contains a non-combustible agent, it can be surely made non-combustible and is non-combustible. It can be made to have sufficient strength.

In the fire-resistant structure of the present invention, when a heat-shielding film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion, heat can be blocked. That is, when the heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion, the heat shield film highly reflects heat, and when the heat shield film is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion, the heat shield film is low. The heat will be shielded by radiation.

In the fireproof structure of the present invention, it can be suitably used as a pillar, a beam or a wall among building materials.

FIG. 1A is a partially transparent perspective view showing a first embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a pillar, and FIG. 1B is a horizontal sectional view thereof. FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a supported timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled non-combustible timber portion in the fireproof structure according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the convex portion of one assembled block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other assembled block material in the fireproof structure according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled non-combustible timber portion in the second embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a pillar. FIG. 5 is a partially transparent perspective view showing a third embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a beam. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a wall. FIG. 7A shows an example of a fireproof structure according to another embodiment in which a heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting timber portion, and FIG. 7B shows a fireproof structure according to the other embodiment. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the example of the case where the heat-shielding film is provided on the inner peripheral surface of a non-combustible wood part in a structure. 8 (a) to 8 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which the number of laminated lumbers constituting the non-combustible wood portion is different in the fireproof structure according to another embodiment. 9 (a) to 9 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which the shape of the end portion of the assembled block material is different in the fireproof structure according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as necessary. In the drawings, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. In addition, the positional relationship such as up, down, left, and right shall be based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the ratios shown.

The fireproof structure according to the present invention is used as a building material. Specifically, it is suitably used as a pillar, a beam or a wall.
(First Embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the fireproof structure according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1A is a partially transparent perspective view showing a first embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a pillar, and FIG. 1B is a horizontal sectional view thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the fireproof structure A according to the first embodiment is an example when used as a pillar.
The fireproof structure A includes a support wood portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a non-combustible wood portion 2A arranged outside the support wood portion 1 so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. To prepare for. That is, the fireproof structure A includes a support timber portion 1 and a non-combustible timber portion 2A arranged outside so as to surround the support timber portion 1.
The non-combustible wood portion 2A is not provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the fire resistant structure A, but when the fire resistant structure A is used as a pillar, the upper surface and the lower surface are other than beams, columns, floors (slabs), etc. As a result, the upper surface and the lower surface of the fireproof structure A are not exposed because they are joined to the building material of.
A space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A via the spacer 3.

Here, the "supporting wood part" means a part made of wood and for supporting a load.
Further, the "non-combustible wood portion" means a portion made of wood containing a non-combustible agent. The non-combustible wood part is made non-combustible by the action of the non-combustible liquid.

In the fire-resistant structure A, the non-combustible wood portion 2A is arranged on the outside of the support wood portion 1 so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. Therefore, even if a fire occurs, the fire is a fire-resistant structure. It does not burn to A.
Further, in the fireproof structure A, the supporting timber portion 1 is protected by the non-combustible timber portion 2A, so that it is not affected not only by the fire but also by other external sources.
Further, since the surface of the fireproof structure A is the non-combustible wood portion 2A and has no burning margin, ash and the like do not remain even after the fire.

In the fire-resistant structure A, since the space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A, even if the non-combustible wood portion 2A is heated at the time of a fire, the heat is generated by the support wood portion 1. It can be suppressed from being transmitted to. As a result, it is possible to prevent the supporting wood portion 1 from being burnt or ignited.

In the fireproof structure A, the supporting wood portion 1 is a square columnar wood serving as a core for supporting a load.
The supporting timber portion 1 is designed to be safe in terms of structural strength against a load by itself. That is, since the support wood portion 1 can support the load by itself, the structural strength can be reliably maintained even if the non-combustible wood portion 2A is removed.
The "load" means a fixed load, a load, a snow load, a wind load, a seismic load, an earth pressure, and a water pressure specified in the Building Standards Act.

Here, the wood used for the supporting wood portion 1 is not particularly limited, and general wood such as red pine, cypress, larch, cedar, cypress leaf, chestnut, hemlock, spruce, rice hiba, and rice pine can be mentioned.

The support wood portion 1 uses so-called solid wood, which is wood cut out from a log, from the viewpoint of adjusting the humidity in the room.
In the fireproof structure A according to the first embodiment, since the space S is positively provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A, the support wood portion 1 is the space S. It can exert the function of adjusting the humidity in the room through the air. Therefore, if the supporting wood portion 1 is made of solid wood as described above, the humidity in the room can be adjusted more efficiently.

The non-combustible wood portion 2A is formed by connecting a plurality of laminated block materials to each other.
The thickness H1 of the non-combustible wood portion 2A (glulam block material) is preferably 20 mm to 200 mm from the viewpoint of protecting the support wood portion 1 from heat.
If the thickness H1 is less than 20 mm, heat may be transferred to the load bearing layer in the event of a fire, as compared with the case where the thickness H1 is within the above range, and the thickness H1 exceeds 200 mm. As compared with the case where the thickness H1 is within the above range, the weight is large, so that there is a drawback that the workability is deteriorated and the cost is increased.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a supported timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled non-combustible timber portion in the fireproof structure according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the non-combustible wood portion 2A can be divided into four L-shaped assembly block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 when viewed from above. That is, the hollow square columnar non-combustible wood portion 2A can be separated in the vicinity of substantially the middle of each side surface of the support wood portion 1.
For convenience, the lower left laminated block material shown in FIG. 2 is the first assembled block material 21, the upper left assembled block material is the second aggregate block material 22, and the upper right aggregate block material is the third aggregate block material 23. The lower right laminated block material is also referred to as a fourth assembled block material 24.

In the non-combustible wood portion 2A, the first laminated lumber 21 has a convex portion 21a at the end on the fourth laminated block material 24 side and a concave portion 21b at the end on the second laminated block material 22 side. ..
Further, the second laminated block material 22 has a convex portion 22a at the end on the side of the first assembled block material 21 and a concave portion 22b at the end on the side of the third assembled block material 23.
Further, the third laminated block material 23 has a convex portion 23a at the end portion on the second assembled block material 22 side, and the end portion on the fourth assembled block material 24 side has a stepped shape.
Further, the 4th assembled block material 24 has a recess 24b at the end on the 1st assembled block material 21 side, and the end on the 3rd assembled block material 23 side has a stepped shape.

The convex portion 21a of the first laminated block material 21 can be fitted into the concave portion 24b of the fourth assembled block material 24, and the convex portion 22a of the second assembled block material 22 is the first assembled block material 21. The convex portion 23a of the third assembly block material 23 can be fitted into the concave portion 22b of the second assembly block material 22. In addition, it is preferable that the fitting relationship between them is a tight fitting.
Further, the stepped end of the third laminated block material 23 and the stepped end of the fourth laminated block material 24 are in opposite directions, and by abutting them, the shapes match. ing.

Therefore, in the fireproof structure A, the stepped ends of the third laminated block material 23 facing each other and the stepped ends of the fourth laminated block material 24 are brought into contact with each other, and the laminated block materials 21 and 22 are brought into contact with each other. By fitting the convex portions and the concave portions corresponding to each other of 23 and 24, the non-combustible wood portion 2A of the hollow square pillar is formed on the outside of the support wood portion 1.
In this way, the non-combustible wood portion 2A connects the laminated block materials 21, 22, 23, 24 to each other by using the convex portions and the concave portions, so that the connection is strengthened without being randomly disengaged. be able to.
Further, an adhesive may be applied when fitting the convex portion and the concave portion and when the stepped ends are brought into contact with each other, and both are fixed with a fixing tool such as a screw or a nail. May be good. In this case, both can be more firmly connected. When the adhesive is not used or the fixture is not used, the non-combustible wood portion 2A can be easily attached to and detached from the supporting wood portion 1.

Each laminated block material 21, 22, 23, 24 contains a non-combustible agent and is made of a plurality of plate-shaped timber bonded to each other. As a result, the non-combustible wood portion 2A can be made to have sufficient strength and can be surely made non-combustible.
Here, the wood used for the plate-shaped wood is not particularly limited, and solid wood such as red pine, hinoki, karamatsu, cedar, hinoba, chestnut, rice 栂, spruce, rice hiba, and rice pine, and single plate laminated wood (LVL). ), Plywood, plate-shaped laminated lumber, etc. can be appropriately used.
Further, the thickness H2 of the plate-shaped wood is preferably 5 mm to 50 mm from the viewpoint of ease of handling and making.

Examples of the non-combustible agent include boron compounds such as borate, sodium borate, potassium borate and ammonium borate, phosphoric acid compounds such as ammonium phosphate and guanidine phosphate, nitrogen compounds, halogen compounds such as ammonium bromide and silicon compounds. And so on.

The method of incorporating the non-combustible agent into the assembly block material is not particularly limited. For example, a non-combustible liquid in which a non-combustible agent is dissolved or dispersed in a medium such as water is prepared and sprayed onto a plate-shaped wood before the non-combustible liquid is bonded or a laminated block material after the plate-shaped wood is bonded. Examples thereof include an attachment method, a dipping method in which a non-combustible agent is applied by immersing a dried plate-shaped wood or a dried laminated block material in the non-combustible liquid.
Further, when the non-combustible liquid is applied to the plate-shaped wood or the laminated block material, or after the non-combustible liquid is applied, heat / cooling treatment or pressurization / depressurization treatment may be performed in order to allow the non-combustible liquid to permeate more uniformly.
As the non-combustible liquid, for example, the non-combustible treatment liquid described in Japanese Patent No. 34855914 can be adopted.

The plate-shaped wood is adhered to each other by an adhesive.
The adhesive is not particularly limited, and known adhesives such as resorcinol resin adhesives can be appropriately used.

Each laminated lumber 21, 22, 23, 24 forms a corner portion of a first laminated body in which the surfaces are bonded so that one ends of plate-shaped timbers having different lengths in the width direction are aligned (separate). The second laminated lumber, which is adhered to the ends of the plate-shaped timber at right angles and the faces are adhered so as to align one ends of the plate-shaped timbers having different lengths in the width direction, is attached to the side surface of the first laminated lumber. It is obtained by adhering the surfaces at a right angle and adhering the surfaces to the plate-shaped wood forming the corners.
In the fireproof structure A according to the first embodiment, three plate-shaped woods are laminated as the first laminated body, and two plate-shaped woods are laminated as the second laminated body. ..

As described above, in the laminated lumber 21, 22, 23, 24 constituting the non-combustible wood portion 2A, since plate-shaped lumber having different lengths in the width direction is used, the end portion of the laminated lumber can be easily stairs. Can be shaped like a lumber.
Further, by projecting the central plate-shaped wood, a convex portion can be formed at the end of the laminated lumber, and conversely, by projecting the front and rear plate-shaped wood, a concave portion is formed at the end of the laminated lumber. Can be formed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the convex portion of one assembled block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other assembled block material in the fireproof structure according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the non-combustible wood portion 2A, the convex portion extending in the vertical direction formed by projecting the plate-shaped wood in the center of one laminated lumber is formed into the front and rear plates of the other laminated lumber. Glulam block materials are connected to each other by strongly pushing and fitting them into the vertically extending recesses formed by projecting the shaped wood.
At this time, in order to facilitate fitting of the plate-shaped wood forming the convex portion into the concave portion, it is preferable that the corner portions on both sides of the convex portion are provided with roundness. It should be noted that such roundness may be provided in advance on the plate-shaped wood forming the convex portion when the assembled block material is produced. Further, at this time, as described above, it can be firmly connected by using an adhesive, and can be attached and detached by not using an adhesive.

Returning to (a) and (b) of FIG. 1, the spacer 3 is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the support wood portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion 2A. The space S between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A is secured by the thickness of the spacer 3. The spacers 3 are attached to at least four corners with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the support wood portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the noncombustible wood portion 2A.
Here, the width of the space S between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A (horizontal distance between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A) H3 is preferably 1 mm to 20 mm. .. The width H3 corresponds to the thickness of the spacer 3.
When the width H3 is less than 1 mm, there is a drawback that heat is easily transferred as compared with the case where the width H3 is within the above range, and when the width H3 exceeds 20 mm, the width H3 is within the above range. Compared to the case, heat convection may occur in the space S. When convection occurs, heat is easily conducted.

The spacer 3 has a flat plate shape, and its materials include, for example, gypsum board, non-combustible board such as calcium silicate board, plywood, single board laminated material (LVL), wood material such as sawn timber, glass wool, rock wool, and the like. Insulation materials such as cellulose fiber, wool, polystyrene foam, hard urethane foam, and phenol foam are preferably used.
Among these, it is preferable to select a material having a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less for the spacer 3. In this case, even if the non-combustible wood portion 2A is heated by a fire or the like, heat transfer to the supporting wood portion 1 can be reliably suppressed.

In the fireproof structure A according to the first embodiment, the space S can be secured by the thickness of the spacer 3, and the width of the space S can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the spacer 3. .. Thereby, the effects of suppressing heat transfer and easiness of detachment of the non-combustible wood portion 2A can be adjusted according to the environment in which the wood is used.
Further, in the fireproof structure A, the non-combustible wood portion 2A can be easily removed from the support wood portion 1 via the spacer 3. From this, for example, when the non-combustible wood part 2A is damaged by a fire or an external impact, the damaged non-combustible wood part 2A is removed and another non-combustible wood part is attached to the support wood part 1. Therefore, it can be restored to the original state relatively easily.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the fireproof structure according to the present invention will be described.
The fireproof structure B according to the second embodiment is an example when it is used as a pillar like the fireproof structure A according to the first embodiment described above.
The fireproof structure B includes a support wood portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a non-combustible wood portion 2B arranged outside the support wood portion 1 so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. , Equipped with. That is, the fireproof structure B includes a support timber portion 1 and a non-combustible timber portion 2B arranged outside so as to surround the support timber portion 1.
A space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2B via the spacer 3.
That is, the fire-resistant structure B according to the second embodiment is the same as the fire-resistant structure A according to the first embodiment, except that the structure of the non-combustible wood portion 2B is different.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a support timber portion and a laminated block material of a disassembled non-combustible timber portion in the second embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a pillar.
As shown in FIG. 4, the non-combustible wood portion 2B in the fireproof structure B according to the second embodiment includes four laminated block members 21, 22, 23, 25 having corners and L-shaped in top view. It can be divided into 31, 32, 33, and 34 linear assembly block materials (hereinafter, referred to as "auxiliary assembly block materials" for convenience) connecting the assembly block materials of. That is, the hollow square columnar non-combustible wood portion 2B can be separated at two locations on each side surface of the support wood portion 1.
For convenience, the lower left laminated block material shown in FIG. 4 is the first assembled block material 21, the upper left assembled block material is the second aggregate block material 22, and the upper right aggregate block material is the third aggregate block material 23. The lower right assembly block material is the 5th assembly block material 25, the lower auxiliary assembly block material is the 1st auxiliary assembly block material 31, the left auxiliary assembly block material is the 2nd auxiliary assembly block material 32, and the upper auxiliary assembly block material. The material is also referred to as a third auxiliary assembly block material 33, and the auxiliary assembly block material on the right side is also referred to as a fourth auxiliary assembly block material 34.

In the non-combustible wood portion 2B, the first laminated lumber 21 has a convex portion 21a at the end on the first auxiliary laminated block material 31 side and a concave portion 21b at the end on the second auxiliary laminated block material 32 side. ing.
Further, the second assembly block material 22 has a convex portion 22a at the end on the side of the second auxiliary assembly block material 32, and has a concave portion 22b at the end on the side of the third auxiliary assembly block material 33.
Further, the third auxiliary assembly block material 23 has a convex portion 23a at the end portion on the third auxiliary assembly block material 33 side, and the end portion on the fourth auxiliary assembly block material 34 side has a stepped shape.
Further, the fifth auxiliary assembly block material 25 has a convex portion 25a at the end on the side of the fourth auxiliary assembly block material 34, and has a concave portion 25b at the end on the side of the first auxiliary assembly block material 31.
Further, the first auxiliary assembly block material 31 has a convex portion 31a at the end on the fifth assembly block material 25 side and a concave portion 31b at the end on the first assembly block material 21 side.
Further, the second auxiliary laminated block material 32 has a convex portion 32a at the end portion on the first aggregated block material 21 side and a concave portion 32b at the end portion on the second aggregated block material 22 side.
Further, the third auxiliary laminated block material 33 has a convex portion 33a at the end on the second aggregate block material 22 side and a concave portion 33b at the end on the third aggregate block material 23 side.
Further, the fourth auxiliary assembly block material 34 has a recess 34b at the end on the fifth assembly block material 25 side, and the end on the third assembly block material 23 side is stepped.

The convex portion 31a of the first auxiliary assembly block material 31 can be fitted into the concave portion 25b of the fifth assembly block material 25, and the convex portion 21a of the first assembly block material 21 is the first auxiliary assembly block. The convex portion 32a of the second auxiliary assembly block material 32 can be fitted into the concave portion 31b of the material 31, and the convex portion 32a of the second auxiliary assembly block material 32 can be fitted into the concave portion 21b of the first assembly block material 21. The convex portion 22a of the 22 can be fitted into the concave portion 32b of the second auxiliary assembly block material 32, and the convex portion 33a of the third auxiliary assembly block material 33 fits into the concave portion 22b of the second auxiliary assembly block material 22. The convex portion 23a of the third assembly block material 23 can be fitted into the concave portion 33b of the third auxiliary assembly block material 33. In addition, it is preferable that the fitting relationship between them is a tight fitting.
Further, the stepped end of the third laminated block material 23 and the stepped end of the fourth auxiliary laminated block material 34 are in opposite directions, and the shapes are matched by abutting them. It has become.

Therefore, the fire-resistant structure B has the same effect as the fire-resistant structure A according to the first embodiment, and the non-combustible wood portion 2B is divided into smaller pieces than the fire-resistant structure A according to the first embodiment. Since the weight of the assembled block material itself can be reduced, it can be constructed relatively easily.
Further, by changing the length of the auxiliary laminated block material in the width direction, the non-combustible wood portion 2B can be made to correspond to the size of the support wood portion 1.

Each of the laminated lumbers 21, 22, 23, 25 and each of the auxiliary laminated lumbers 31, 32, 33, 34 contains a non-combustible agent and has a plurality of plate-shaped woods, like the laminated lumber according to the first embodiment. It consists of pasted together. In the fireproof structure B according to the second embodiment, three plate-shaped timbers are laminated to form an auxiliary laminated block material.
Thereby, the non-combustible wood portion 2B can be surely made non-combustible and can have sufficient strength.

Each auxiliary laminated block material 31, 32, 33, 34 is obtained by adhering the surfaces of the plate-shaped wood to each other.
Further, the convex portion can be formed by projecting the central plate-shaped wood, and conversely, the concave portion can be formed by projecting the front and rear plate-shaped wood.
Further, by using plate-shaped timber having different lengths in the width direction, the end portion of the auxiliary assembly block material can be easily made into a stepped shape.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the fireproof structure according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a partially transparent perspective view showing a third embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a beam.
As shown in FIG. 5, the fireproof structure C according to the third embodiment is an example when it is used as a beam.
The fireproof structure C includes a support wood portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load and a non-combustible wood portion 2C arranged outside the support wood portion so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. Be prepared. That is, the fireproof structure C includes a support wood portion 1 and a non-combustible wood portion 2C arranged on the outside so as to cover the side surface and the lower surface of the support wood portion.
The non-combustible wood portion 2C is not provided on the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces of the fireproof structure C, but when the fireproof structure C is used as a beam, the upper surface is different from other building materials such as a floor (slab) F. The left and right sides are joined and joined with other building materials such as beams (beams), columns or walls, and as a result, the top surface and left and right sides of the fireproof structure C are not exposed.
A space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2C via the spacer 3.

In the fire-resistant structure C, the non-combustible wood portion 2C is arranged on the outside of the support wood portion 1 so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. Therefore, even if a fire occurs, the fire is a fire-resistant structure. It does not burn to C.
Further, in the fireproof structure C, since the supporting timber portion 1 is protected by the non-combustible timber portion 2C, it is not affected not only by the fire but also from other outside.
Further, since the surface of the fireproof structure C is the non-combustible wood portion 2C and has no burning margin, ash or the like does not remain even after the fire.
Furthermore, in the fireproof structure C, since the space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2C, even if the non-combustible wood portion 2C is heated at the time of a fire, the heat is supported. It is possible to suppress transmission to the wood portion 1. As a result, it is possible to prevent the supporting wood portion 1 from being burnt or ignited.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the fireproof structure according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment using the fireproof structure according to the present invention as a wall.
As shown in FIG. 6, the fireproof structure D according to the third embodiment is an example when used as a wall.
The fireproof structure D includes a support wood portion 1 which is wood for supporting a load, and a non-combustible wood portion 2D arranged outside the support wood portion so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. Be prepared. That is, the fireproof structure D includes a support wood portion 1 and a non-combustible wood portion 2D arranged on the outside so as to sandwich the side surface of the support wood portion.
The non-combustible wood portion 2D is not provided on the upper surface, the lower surface and the left and right side surfaces of the fire resistant structure D, but when the fire resistant structure D is used as a wall, the upper surface and the lower surface are beams or floors (slabs) or the like. Since it is joined to other building materials and the left and right side surfaces are joined to other building materials such as columns or walls, as a result, the upper surface, lower surface and left and right side surfaces of the fireproof structure D are not exposed.
A space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2D via the spacer 3.

In the fire-resistant structure D, the non-combustible wood portion 2D is arranged on the outside of the support wood portion 1 so that the periphery of the support wood portion 1 is not exposed. Therefore, even if a fire occurs, the fire is a fire-resistant structure. It does not burn to D.
Further, in the fireproof structure D, since the supporting timber portion 1 is protected by the non-combustible timber portion 2D, it is not affected not only by the fire but also by other external influences.
Further, since the surface of the fireproof structure D is the non-combustible wood portion 2D and has no burning margin, ash and the like do not remain even after the fire.
Furthermore, in the fireproof structure D, since the space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2D, even if the non-combustible wood portion 2D is heated at the time of a fire, the heat is supported. It is possible to suppress transmission to the wood portion 1. As a result, it is possible to prevent the supporting wood portion 1 from being burnt or ignited.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

In the fireproof structures A to D according to the first to fourth embodiments, a space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portions 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D via the spacer 3. However, it is not always necessary to go through the spacer 3. That is, it is sufficient that the space S is provided between the support wood portion 1 and the non-combustible wood portion 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D.

In the fireproof structures A to D according to the first to fourth embodiments, the support wood portion 1 is a square columnar wood, but the support wood portion 1 is not limited to this as long as it can support the load. That is, the supporting wood portion 1 may be a polygonal column such as a triangular column, a pentagonal column, a hexagonal column, or the like, or may be a cylindrical column.
Further, the non-combustible wood portion has a hollow square columnar shape, but the present invention is not limited to this as long as it can be arranged so that the periphery of the supporting wood portion 1 is not exposed.

In the fireproof structures A to D according to the first to fourth embodiments, the spacer 3 has a flat plate shape, but may be a cube.

In the fireproof structures A to D according to the first to fourth embodiments, solid wood is used as the supporting wood portion 1, but it is made of plywood, veneer laminated material (LVL), laminated wood, or the like. You may.

In the fireproof structures A to D according to the first to fourth embodiments, the heat shield film 5 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the support wood portion 1 or the inner peripheral surface of the noncombustible wood portions 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D. May be.
FIG. 7A shows an example of a fireproof structure according to another embodiment in which a heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting timber portion, and FIG. 7B shows a fireproof structure according to the other embodiment. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the example of the case where the heat-shielding film is provided on the inner peripheral surface of a non-combustible wood part in a structure.
As shown in FIG. 7A, a heat shield film 5 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the support wood portion 1. In this case, even if heat is applied to the non-combustible wood portion 2E, the heat shield film 5 highly reflects the heat and shields the heat, so that the heat is suppressed from being transferred to the support wood portion 1. can do. As a result, it is possible to further suppress the heating of the support wood portion 1.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, a heat shield film 5 may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion 2F. In this case, even if heat is applied to the non-combustible wood portion 2F, the heat shield film 5 shields the heat with low radiation, so that the heat can be suppressed from being transferred to the support wood portion 1. can. As a result, it is possible to further suppress the heating of the support wood portion 1.
Examples of the heat-shielding film 5 include a film formed by a heat-shielding paint, an aluminum foil, a tin foil, and the like.

In the fire-resistant structure A according to the first embodiment, the non-combustible wood portion 2A is formed by connecting four laminated lumber members, and in the fire-resistant structure B according to the second embodiment, it is non-combustible. The wood portion 2B is formed by connecting eight laminated block materials, but is not limited to this.
8 (a) to 8 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which the number of laminated lumbers constituting the non-combustible wood portion is different in the fireproof structure according to another embodiment. In addition, in (a) to (c) of FIG. 8, only the outline of the assembly block material is shown.
The non-combustible wood portion 2G shown in FIG. 8 (a) is composed of two laminated block materials, and the non-combustible wood portion 2H shown in FIG. 8 (b) is composed of three laminated block materials. The non-combustible wood part 2I shown in c) is composed of four laminated lumber materials. In this way, the number of assembled block materials when the non-combustible wood portion is divided can be appropriately adjusted.

In the fireproof structures A and B according to the first and second embodiments, the laminated block material is made of a plurality of plate-shaped wood bonded to each other, but the number of plate-shaped wood to be bonded is particularly limited. Not done.
Further, at this time, although plate-shaped wood having different lengths in the width direction is used, those having the same length in the width direction may be included, and those having the same length in the width direction are all used. May be good.

In the fireproof structures A and B according to the first and second embodiments, concave portions, convex portions, stepped portions and the like are provided on the side surfaces of the end portions of the assembled block lumber for connection with each other. Not always required.
9 (a) to 9 (c) are horizontal cross-sectional views showing an example in which the shape of the end portion of the assembled block material is different in the fireproof structure according to another embodiment. In addition, in (a) to (c) of FIG. 9, only the outline of the assembly block material is shown.
As shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, in the fireproof structure, the side surface of the end portion of the laminated block material is a flat surface, and these surfaces are bonded to each other to connect the laminated block materials to each other. It is also possible.

In the fireproof structures A and B according to the first and second embodiments, the non-combustible wood portion is formed of a plurality of laminated veneer materials containing a non-combustible agent, but if it contains a non-combustible agent, it is solid. It is also possible to use lumber, veneer laminated lumber (LVL), plywood and the like.

The fireproof structure according to the present invention is suitably used as a building material that is a framework of a building, that is, a pillar, a beam, a wall, a foundation, or the like.
According to the fire-resistant structure according to the present invention, the fire-resistant structure is excellent, the heat transfer to the supporting wood portion is extremely low, and even if the non-combustible wood portion is damaged by a fire or the like, the damaged non-combustible wood The portion can be easily removed, and another non-combustible wood portion can be relatively easily attached to the supporting timber portion.

1 ... Supporting wood part 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H, 2I, 2J, 2K, 2L ... Non-combustible wood part 21 ... 1st laminated block material (glulam block material)
21a, 22a, 23a, 25a, 31a, 32a, 33a ... Convex parts 21b, 22b, 24b, 25b, 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b ... Recessed parts 22 ... Second assembly block material (assembly block material) )
23 ... 3rd assembly block material (assembly block material)
24 ... 4th assembly block material (assembly block material)
25 ... 5th assembled block material (assembled block material)
3 ... Spacer 31 ... 1st auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
32 ... 2nd auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
33 ... 3rd auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
34 ... 4th auxiliary laminated block material (assembled block material)
5 ... Heat shield film A, B, C, D ... Fireproof structure H1, H2 ... Thickness H3 ... Width S ... Space

Claims (5)

A fireproof structure used as a building material
Supporting wood part to support the load and
The non-combustible wood part arranged outside the support wood part so that the periphery of the support wood part is not exposed,
Equipped with
Flat plate-shaped spacers are attached to at least four corners of the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the non-combustible wood portion.
A space is provided between the supporting wood portion and the non-combustible wood portion.
The space is secured by the thickness of the spacer, and the space is secured.
The spacer has a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm and has a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm.
The material of the spacer is gypsum board, calcium silicate board, plywood, single board laminated material, lumber, cellulose fiber, wool, polystyrene foam, hard urethane foam or phenol foam.
The non-combustible wood portion is formed by connecting a plurality of assembled block materials to each other.
The assembled block material has a convex portion or a concave portion and has a convex portion or a concave portion.
The convex portion of one assembled block material is fitted into the concave portion of the other assembled block material.
The assembled block material is made of a plurality of plate-shaped lumber bonded to each other and contains a non-combustible agent.
The thickness of the plate-shaped wood is 5 mm to 50 mm, and the thickness is 5 mm to 50 mm.
The non-combustible wood portion has a stepped contact portion at one place in the circumferential direction, and the non-combustible wood portion has a stepped contact portion.
A fireproof structure in which the contact portion is formed by laminating the plate-shaped wood having different lengths in the width direction . The fireproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less. The fireproof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heat shield film is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the supporting wood portion or the inner peripheral surface of the noncombustible wood portion . The fireproof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is used as a pillar, a beam or a wall . The non-combustible agent is a boron compound such as borate, sodium borate, potassium borate, ammonium borate, a phosphoric acid compound such as ammonium phosphate or guanidine phosphate, a nitrogen compound, a halogen compound such as ammonium bromide and a silicon compound. The fireproof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of.

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