JP2014227749A - Woody structure member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a woody structure member capable of increasing the degree of freedom of selection of a material for use in the woody structure member while reducing a decrease in fire resistance efficiency.SOLUTION: A wooden column 10 includes: a fire stoppage layer 14 that has a core 12 formed of wood, a plurality of mortar plates 18 arranged on the outer periphery of the core 12, and a batten cleat plate 16 arranged between the adjacent mortar plates 18; and a burning margin layer 20 that is arranged outside the fire stoppage layer 14 and that is formed of wood. The mortar plate 18 is formed of high heat inertia wood higher in heat inertia than the core 12 and the burning margin layer 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wooden structure member.

  There is known a wooden structure member having a fire resistance provided with a wooden load support portion and a flame stop layer and a burn allowance layer provided on the outer periphery of the load support portion (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  The flame stop layer disclosed in Patent Document 1 is formed, for example, by alternately arranging a single wood material and a high heat capacity material such as mortar.

JP-A-2005-36456 JP 2005-36457 A JP 2005-48585 A

  By the way, as timber used for a wooden structure member, various timbers, such as a cedar, a bay pine, and a larch, can be considered, for example.

  However, wood has different thermal inertia (hardness to burn) depending on its type. Therefore, if the wooden structural member is uniformly formed of wood having low thermal inertia, the fire resistance performance of the wooden structural member may be reduced.

  On the other hand, when the wooden structural member is uniformly formed of wood having high thermal inertia, fire resistance is easily secured, but selectable wood is limited.

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to obtain a wooden structure member capable of improving the degree of freedom of selection of wood used for the wooden structure member while reducing a decrease in fire resistance.

  The woody structural member according to claim 1 is a core part made of wood, a plurality of flame stop parts arranged on the outer periphery of the core part, and a wood part arranged between the adjacent flame stop parts. And a flame allowance layer disposed outside the flame stop layer and formed of wood, wherein the wood part has a thermal inertia higher than at least one of the core part and the flame allowance layer. Is made of high wood.

  According to the wood structure member according to claim 1, the flame stop layer has a plurality of flame stop portions arranged on the outer periphery of the core portion, and a wood portion arranged between the adjacent flame stop portions. . The wood part is made of wood having higher thermal inertia than at least one of the core part and the burning allowance layer. Thereby, since a wood part becomes difficult to burn, at the time of a fire, the fire heat which permeates into a heart part from between adjacent flame stop parts is reduced. Therefore, a reduction in the fire resistance of the wooden structure member is reduced.

  In addition, since the fire heat entering the core from between the adjacent flame stop portions is reduced, at least one of the heart portion and the burning allowance layer can be formed of wood with lower thermal inertia than the flame stop layer. . Accordingly, the degree of freedom in selecting the wood used for the core is improved.

  Thus, in this invention, the freedom degree of selection of the timber used for a wooden structure member can be improved, reducing the fall of fireproof performance.

  The wood structure member according to claim 2 is the wood structure member according to claim 1, wherein the burning stop portion has a heat capacity larger than at least one of the core portion and the burn allowance layer, and the burn allowance layer includes In addition to being in close contact with each other, it is disposed with a gap from the core.

  According to the wood structure member of the second aspect, the burning stop portion having a larger heat capacity than at least one of the core portion and the burning allowance layer is in close contact with the burning allowance layer. Therefore, at the time of a fire, fire heat is directly transmitted (heat conduction) from the burning allowance layer to the burning stop portion. That is, the fire heat of the burning allowance layer is directly absorbed by the burning stop portion. Thereby, since the temperature rise of the burning allowance layer around a burning stop part is suppressed, the fire heat transmitted to a wood part from a burning allowance layer is reduced. Therefore, the wood part becomes more difficult to burn, and the fire heat entering the core part from between the adjacent burn-in stop parts is reduced.

  In addition, a gap is formed between the flame stop portion and the heart portion, so that fire heat is not directly transmitted from the flame stop portion to the heart portion. That is, an air layer is formed between the flame stop portion and the core portion, and this air layer functions as a heat insulating layer. Therefore, fire heat and the like transmitted from the flame stop portion to the core during a fire are reduced.

  The wood structure member according to claim 3 is the wood structure member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least an inner portion of the burning allowance layer on the flame stop layer side is more thermally inertial than the core portion. Is made of high wood.

  According to the wood structure member of the third aspect, the inner part of the burn-in allowance layer is formed of wood having higher thermal inertia than the core part. Thereby, at the time of a fire, the fire heat transmitted to the wood part from the inner side of a burning allowance layer is reduced. Therefore, since the wood part becomes more difficult to burn, the fire heat entering the core part from between the adjacent flame stop parts is further reduced.

  As described above, according to the wood structure member of the present invention, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom of selection of wood used for the wood structure member while reducing the decrease in fire resistance.

It is a plane sectional view showing the wooden pillar concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a partially expanded sectional view of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view corresponding to Drawing 2 showing the wood pillar concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view corresponding to Drawing 2 showing the wood pillar concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view corresponding to Drawing 4 showing the modification of the wood pillar concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, a wooden structure member according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the first embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows a wooden pillar 10 as an example of a wooden structural member. A fireproof structure is applied to the wooden pillar 10. The wooden pillar 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular cross section (in this embodiment, a substantially square cross section), a core portion (load support portion) 12 that supports a load, a flame stop layer 14 that covers the core portion 12, and And a burning allowance layer 20 that covers the flame stop layer 14.

  The core 12 is formed in a rectangular cross section by a laminated material in which a plurality of wooden single materials processed into a plate shape or a prismatic shape are integrated with an adhesive or the like, and can support a load borne by the wooden pillar 10 It is said that.

  On the outer side (outer periphery) of the core part 12, a flame stop layer 14 surrounding the core part 12 is arranged. The non-burning layer 14 is a layer that stops burning of the burning allowance layer 20 at the time of a fire (spontaneous fire suppression) and suppresses burning of the core 12. The flame stop layer 14 has a plurality of crosspieces 16 and a plurality of mortar plates 18 arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the core 12. The cross board 16 and the mortar board 18 are formed in a plate shape having a substantially rectangular cross section, and are arranged with the longitudinal direction as the material axis direction of the wooden pillar 10.

  The wooden board 16 as an example of the wood part is formed of a wooden board, and is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the core 12 and the inner peripheral surface of the burn allowance layer 20 by bonding or the like. The burning allowance layer 20 is supported by the core 12 through the piercing board 16.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the mortar board 18 as an example of the high heat capacity part (burn-in stop part) is obtained by curing mortar, and has a heat capacity higher than that of the core part 12, the piercing board 16 and the burning allowance layer 20. It is getting bigger. The mortar board 18 is made thinner than the piercing board 16 and is arranged closer to the core 12 side than the burning allowance layer 20. That is, the mortar plate 18 is disposed with a gap between the mortar plate 18 and the burning allowance layer 20. The mortar plate 18 is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the core 12 with an adhesive or the like.

  By alternately arranging the mortar plates 18 and the piercing plates 16 along the outer peripheral surface of the core portion 12, the heat capacity of the burning stop layer 14 is larger than the heat capacities of the core portion 12 and the burning allowance layer 20. In addition, in the corner | angular part of the core part 12, the two mortar boards 18 are continuously arrange | positioned so that it may mutually orthogonally cross from a viewpoint of fireproof performance. In the present embodiment, from the viewpoint of construction, the mortar board 18 and the board board 16 are arranged with a gap therebetween, but the mortar board 18 and the board board 16 are arranged in contact with each other. Also good.

  On the outer side (outer periphery) of the flame stop layer 14, a burn allowance layer 20 surrounding the flame stop layer 14 is arranged. The burning allowance layer 20 is a layer that suppresses intrusion of fire heat into the core 12 by burning during a fire to form a carbonized layer (heat insulating layer), and a plurality of single wood materials are integrated with an adhesive or the like. It is made of laminated timber. The thickness (layer thickness) of the burning allowance layer 20 is appropriately set according to the required fire resistance performance (fire resistance time) required for the wooden pillar 10, the burning rate and the heat shielding performance of the burning allowance layer 20.

ただし、
ρ：密度（ｋｇ／ｍ^３）
ｃ：比熱（ｋＪ／ｋｇＫ）
ｋ：熱伝導率（ｋＷ／ｍＫ）
である。 Here, in the present embodiment, the cross board 16 of the flame stop layer 14 is formed of wood having higher thermal inertia than the core 12 and the burn allowance layer 20. The thermal inertia is an index (scale) indicating the degree of resistance to a temperature change of the member, and is expressed by the following formula (1). When this thermal inertia becomes high, the member becomes difficult to burn, and when it becomes low, the member becomes easy to burn.

However,
ρ: Density (kg / m ³ )
c: Specific heat (kJ / kgK)
k: Thermal conductivity (kW / mK)
It is.

  In the present embodiment, for example, the core 12 and the burning allowance layer 20 are formed of cedar (cedar), and the cross board 16 of the burning stop layer 14 is made of larch (Karamatsu) having higher density and higher thermal inertia than cedar. Is formed. Thereby, compared with the case where the piercing board 16 of the flame-stopping layer 14 is formed of cedar, the fire heat entering the core 12 from between the adjacent mortar boards 18 is reduced in the event of a fire. Yes.

  In addition, examples of timber having low thermal inertia (low thermal inertia timber) include balsa, drill, cedar and spruce, and examples of wood having high thermal inertia (high thermal inertia timber) include, for example, bee hiba, bay pine, larch, and wig. , Oak, zelkova, jara, selangan batu, ipe, bongoshi. In addition, examples of the high thermal inertia wood include wood whose density has been increased by artificial compression, and wood into which a density adjusting material (for example, a silicon-based resin, a phenol resin, polyethylene glycol, or the like) has been injected.

  In the present embodiment, the wood forming the cross board 16 is selected on the basis of thermal inertia. However, for example, the wood forming the cross board 16 on the basis of the carbonization rate determined by the density and moisture content of the wood is used. You may choose. That is, the cross board 16 may be formed of wood (for example, larch) having a slower carbonization rate than at least one of the core portion 12 and the burning allowance layer 20.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the wooden pillar 10, a core 12 that supports a load is covered with a burn-out stop layer 14 and a burn-up allowance layer 20.

  Therefore, at the time of a fire, first, the burning allowance layer 20 gradually burns to form a carbonized layer (heat insulating layer) around the flame stop layer 14. Thereby, the fire heat which permeates into the flame-stopping layer 14 and the core part 12 is reduced. At this time, fire heat is absorbed (absorbed) by the flame stop layer 14 having a larger heat capacity than the core 12 and the burn allowance layer 20. As a result, the fire heat entering the core 12 is further reduced. Therefore, since the combustion of the core 12 is suppressed, the fire resistance performance of the wooden pillar 10 is improved.

  Furthermore, the combustion of the burning allowance layer 20 can be stopped (natural quenching) by the dead end layer 14 having a high heat capacity. Therefore, the load can be supported by the core 12 even after the end of the fire.

  Here, from the viewpoint of fire resistance, it is desirable that the wooden column 10 be formed of high thermal inertia wood having high thermal inertia. However, if the wooden pillar 10 is uniformly formed of high heat inertia wood, there is a possibility that it may be costly. On the other hand, when the wooden pillar 10 is uniformly formed of low heat inertia wood, the cross board 16 of the burning allowance layer 20 is likely to burn, and there is a possibility that fire heat enters the core 12 from between adjacent mortar boards 18.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the core 12 and the burning allowance layer 20 are formed of low heat inertia wood (for example, cedar), while the siding board 16 of the burn allowance layer 20 is formed of high heat inertia wood (for example, larch). ing. In other words, in the present embodiment, the piercing board 16 of the burning allowance layer 20 serving as a fire heat transmission path from the burning allowance layer 20 to the core portion 12 is harder to burn than the core portion 12 and the burning allowance layer 20. Thereby, at the time of a fire, the fire heat which permeates into the core part 12 from between the adjacent mortar boards 18 can be reduced efficiently.

  Therefore, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom of selection of wood used for the core 12 of the wooden pillar 10 and the burning allowance layer 20 while reducing the decrease in fire resistance.

  In the present embodiment, a gap is formed between the cross board 16 and the mortar board 18. Since this gap can absorb manufacturing errors and the like of the cross board 16 and the mortar board 18, the productivity of the wooden pillar 10 is improved.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. In addition, about the thing of the same structure as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and it abbreviate | omits suitably and demonstrates.

  FIG. 3 shows a wooden pillar 30 according to the second embodiment. In this wooden pillar 30, the mortar plate 18 is brought closer to the burning margin layer 20 side than the core 12, and is arranged with a gap between the core 12. That is, an air layer as a heat insulating layer is formed between the mortar plate 18 and the core 12.

  Further, the mortar plate 18 is bonded to the inner peripheral surface of the burning allowance layer 20 with an adhesive or the like, and is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface. Thereby, at the time of a fire, fire heat is directly transmitted (heat conduction) from the burning allowance layer 20 to the mortar board 18.

  Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment, the mortar plate 18 of the dead end layer 14 is disposed in close contact with the burning allowance layer 20. Therefore, fire heat is directly transmitted (heat conduction) from the burning allowance layer 20 to the mortar board 18 in the event of a fire. That is, the fire heat of the burning allowance layer 20 is directly absorbed by the mortar plate 18.

  Thereby, since the temperature rise of the burning allowance layer 20 around the mortar board 18 is suppressed, the fire heat transmitted from the burning allowance layer 20 to the pier board 16 is reduced. Therefore, since the cross board 16 becomes difficult to burn, the fire heat which penetrates into the core part 12 from between the adjacent mortar boards 18 is further reduced.

  In addition, a gap is formed between the mortar plate 18 and the core portion 12 so that fire heat is not directly transmitted from the mortar plate 18 to the core portion 12. That is, an air layer is formed between the mortar plate 18 and the core part 12, and this air layer functions as a heat insulating layer. Therefore, the fire heat transmitted from the mortar board 18 to the core 12 during a fire is reduced.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the fire heat transmitted from the mortar board 18 to the core part 12 can also be reduced while the fire heat transmitted from the burning allowance layer 20 to the pier board 16 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the decrease in fire resistance of the wooden pillar 30.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described. In addition, about the thing of the same structure as 1st, 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and it abbreviate | omits suitably and demonstrates.

  FIG. 4 shows a wooden pillar 40 according to the third embodiment. In this wooden pillar 40, the inner portion 20A on the burning stop layer 14 side in the burning allowance layer 20 is formed of high thermal inertia wood having higher thermal inertia than the core portion 12, and the outer portion 20B in the burning allowance layer 20 is on the inner side. It is formed of a low thermal inertia wood having a lower thermal inertia than the portion 20A.

  Specifically, the inner portion 20A of the burning allowance layer 20 is formed of the same larch as the piercing board 16 of the dead end layer 14, and the outer portion 20B of the burning allowance layer 20 is formed of the same cedar as the core portion 12. Has been. Thereby, the inner part 20A of the burning allowance layer 20 is harder to burn than the outer part 20B.

  In the present embodiment, the crosspiece board 16 and the mortar board 18 are joined to the inner portion 20A of the burning allowance layer 20.

  Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

  In the third embodiment, the inner portion 20 </ b> A of the burning allowance layer 20 is formed of high thermal inertia wood (for example, larch) having higher thermal inertia than the core portion 12. Thereby, at the time of a fire, the inner part 20A of the burning allowance layer 20 becomes difficult to burn, and the fire heat transmitted from the burning allowance layer 20 to the pier board 16 is reduced. Therefore, since the pierce board 16 becomes difficult to burn, the fire heat which penetrates into the core part 12 from between the adjacent mortar boards 18 is reduced.

  In the present embodiment, only the inner portion 20A of the burning allowance layer 20 is formed of high heat inertia wood, but the entire burn allowance layer 20 may be formed of high heat inertia wood.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner portion 20 </ b> A of the burning allowance layer 20 may be appropriately divided according to the piercing board 16 and the mortar board 18 from the viewpoint of manufacturability and the like.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the example which stuck the mortar board 18 to the inner peripheral surface of the burning allowance layer 20 was shown, it is not restricted to this. The mortar plate 18 may be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the core 12 as in the first embodiment.

  Next, modified examples of the first to third embodiments will be described. In the following, various modified examples will be described by taking the first embodiment as an example, but these modified examples are also applicable to the second and third embodiments as appropriate.

  In the said 1st Embodiment, although the mortar board 18 was shown as an example of the burning stop part, it is not restricted to this. The flame stop part may be formed of an endothermic material capable of absorbing heat or a flame retardant material having flame resistance, as long as the flame stop part can suppress the intrusion of flame heat and exhibit a flame stop effect. good.

  As the endothermic material, for example, a high heat capacity material having a larger heat capacity than the core 12 and the burning allowance layer 20 such as the mortar plate 18, a high heat insulating material having a higher heat insulation than the core 12, and the core. Examples include a high thermal inertia member having a higher thermal inertia than 12. Examples of the flame retardant material include a flame retardant chemical injection material obtained by injecting a flame retardant chemical into wood and making it incombustible.

  Further, examples of the high heat capacity material include stone materials, glass, fiber reinforced cement, inorganic materials such as gypsum, and various metal materials. Examples of the highly heat insulating material include calcium silicate plate, rock wool, glass wool and the like. Furthermore, examples of the high heat inertia member include high heat inertia wood such as larch described above.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the mortar board 18 as a burning stop part and the piercing board 16 as a wood part were formed with a different material, it was not restricted to this. For example, both the flame stop portion and the wood portion may be formed of high heat inertia wood such as Jara, Selangan Bat, Ipe, Bongoshi, or the above-mentioned flame retardant chemical injection material.

  Furthermore, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the board board 16 as a wood part was formed with the wood whose thermal inertia is higher than the core part 12 and the burning allowance layer 20, the wooden part is the heart part 12 and the burn allowance layer 20. It is also possible to form with wood having higher thermal inertia than at least one of the above. Similarly, in the first embodiment, the example in which the mortar plate 18 serving as the burning stop portion has a heat capacity larger than that of the core portion 12 and the burning allowance layer 20 is shown, but the burning stop portion is the core portion 12 and the burning portion. It is also possible to make the heat capacity larger than at least one of the generation layers 20.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the wooden pillar 10 was demonstrated to the example as a wooden structure member, it is not restricted to this. The first embodiment can be applied to a wooden beam as a wooden structure member.

  As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the present invention was described, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and one embodiment and various modifications may be used in combination as appropriate, and the gist of the present invention will be described. Of course, various embodiments can be implemented without departing from the scope.

10 Wooden pillars (woody structural members)
12 core part 14 burning stop layer 16 piercing board (woody part)
18 Mortar board (flame stop)
20 Burning allowance layer 20A Inner part 30 Wood pillar (wood structure member)
40 Wooden pillars (woody structural members)

Claims (3)

A heart formed of wood,
A flame stop layer having a plurality of flame stop portions disposed on the outer periphery of the core, and a wood portion disposed between the adjacent flame stop portions;
A burning allowance layer disposed on the outside of the flame stop layer and formed of wood;
With
A wood structure member in which a wood part is made of wood having higher thermal inertia than at least one of the core part and the burn-in allowance layer. The burning stop portion has a larger heat capacity than at least one of the core portion and the burning allowance layer, and is disposed in close contact with the burning allowance layer and spaced from the core portion,
The woody structural member according to claim 1. Of the burning allowance layer, at least the inner side of the burning stop layer side is formed of wood having higher thermal inertia than the core portion,
The woody structural member according to claim 1 or 2.

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