JP7025855B2 - Fireproof main structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fireproof main structural part including a wooden core material which is a main structural part such as pillars and beams of a building and a refractory material part provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material.

A fire-resistant main structure including a wooden core material that is the main structural part of a building such as pillars and beams, and a fire-resistant material part called a "burn-off layer" that is provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material. As a part, for example, "Coolwood (registered trademark)" or "Omegawood" (registered trademark) having a structure in which a burnout layer (refractory material part) formed by laminating a plurality of gypsum boards so as to cover the surface of a wooden core material is formed. A fireproof main structural part (see Non-Patent Documents 1; 2) called "Registered Trademark)" is known.
The gypsum that forms the gypsum board contains water of crystallization, and when the temperature of the gypsum board becomes high, the water of crystallization thermally decomposes and gradually releases as water vapor, which has the function of delaying the rise in temperature. .. Therefore, gypsum board is excellent as a refractory material.

COOL WOOD, [Searched on May 12, 2017], Internet <http://www.kes.ne.jp/coolwood/> Developed the first large-span 2-hour fireproof wooden technology "Omega Wood (fireproof)" using general-purpose materials, [searched on May 12, 2017], Internet <http://www.obayashi.co.jp/press/20160229_1 ＞

However, when a plurality of gypsum boards are laminated to form a fireproof material part (fireproof layer), a thin gypsum board is used in order to reduce the thickness of the fireproof material part and widen the space inside the building. If this is the case, the thermal resistance value becomes smaller and the board is more likely to be chipped or cracked, so that there is a concern that the fire resistance performance may deteriorate.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can reduce the thickness of the refractory material portion, widen the space inside the building, improve the decrease in the thermal resistance value, and further have a protective function against chipping or cracking of the gypsum board. It provides a fireproof main structural part having excellent fireproof performance.

The fire-resistant main structural portion according to the present invention is a fire-resistant main structure including a wooden core material constituting the main structural portion of the building and a fire-resistant material portion provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material. The refractory material part is composed of a laminated gypsum board and a volcanic vitreous composite board, and the inner gypsum board provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material and the inner gypsum board. Since it is provided with a volcanic vitreous composite plate provided to cover the surface and an outer gypsum board provided to cover the surface of the volcanic vitreous composite plate, the thickness of the refractory material portion can be increased. It can be made thinner, the space inside the building can be widened, the fire resistance can be improved by providing two layers of gypsum board, and the decrease in thermal resistance value can be improved by providing a volcanic vitreous composite plate. Furthermore, by providing a volcanic vitreous composite plate, it becomes possible to obtain a protective function against chipping and cracking of gypsum board, and it becomes a fireproof main structural part with excellent fire resistance.
Further, the fireproof main structural part according to the present invention is configured to include a wooden core material constituting the main structural part of the building and a fireproof material part provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material . The main structural part, the refractory material part, is composed of a laminated gypsum board and a volcanic vitreous composite board, and is provided with a volcanic vitreous composite board so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material. Since it is equipped with gypsum board provided to cover the surface of the volcanic vitreous composite plate, the thickness of the refractory material can be reduced, the space inside the building can be widened, and the volcanic vitreous composite can be widened. By providing a board, it is possible to improve the decrease in thermal resistance value, and by providing a volcanic vitreous composite board, it becomes possible to obtain a protective function against chipping and cracking of gypsum board, which improves fire resistance. It is an excellent fireproof main structure.
Further, it is characterized by being provided with a sheet-shaped decorative material that covers the surface of gypsum board.

Perspective view of the main fireproof structure (partially broken view). Cross-sectional view of the main fireproof structure. A comparative diagram showing the characteristics of various gypsum boards and volcanic vitreous composite boards. Comparison diagram of the configuration of the refractory material part.

Embodiment 1
FIG. 1; As shown in FIG. 2, the fireproof main structural part 1 of the first embodiment is formed of solid wood (pure wood), laminated wood, or CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) to form the main structure of a building. The wooden core material 2 constituting the portion and the fireproof material portion (fireproof layer) 10 provided so as to cover the surface (outer surface) 21 of the wooden core material 2 are provided, and the fireproof material portion 10 is a wooden core material. An inner gypsum board 3 provided to cover the surface (outer surface) 21 of 2 and a volcanic vitreous composite board 4 provided to cover the surface (outer surface) 31 of the inner gypsum board 3. The configuration includes an outer gypsum board 5 provided so as to cover the surface (outer surface) 41 of the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4. The wooden decorative material 6 is provided so as to cover the surface (outer surface) 51 of the outer gypsum board 5.
That is, the inner gypsum board 3 that covers the surface 21 of the wooden core material 2, the volcanic vitreous composite board 4 that covers the surface 31 of the inner gypsum board 3, and the surface 41 of the volcanic vitreous composite board 4 are covered. A fire-resistant material portion 10 called a burn-stop layer was formed by the outer gypsum board 5 to be formed, and the fire-resistant main structural portion 1 had a structure in which the fire-resistant performance was ensured by the burn-stop layer.

The main structural part is the "wall, pillar, floor, beam, roof or stairs" defined as "main part in terms of structural strength" in Article 2-5 of the Building Standards Act.
In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a "pillar" is illustrated as an example of the wooden core material 2 constituting the main structural part of the building.
For example, if the wooden core 2 is a "pillar", the wooden core 2 is on the four peripheral surfaces of the pillar, if the wooden core 2 is a "beam", the wooden core 2 is on the three peripheral surfaces of the beam, and the wooden core 2 is the "floor" and "floor". If it is a "wall", a burnout layer (fireproof material portion 10) is provided on one or two fireproof surfaces.

Solid wood is wood cut from logs in the shape used.
Glulam is wood composed of a plurality of boards laminated so that the fiber directions of the boards to be laminated are parallel to each other.
CLT is wood formed by laminating a plurality of boards so that the fiber directions of the boards to be laminated are orthogonal to each other, and is called an orthogonal laminated board.

The volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 is a fire-resistant material formed of mineral fibers such as rock wool and a volcanic vitreous material such as silus, and is, for example, both of the silus compression plates formed by compressing silas. It is a composite plate formed by joining the plate surface of a rock wool compression plate formed by compressing rock wool to the plate surface.
As the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4, for example, "Dylite MU (registered trademark)", "SD fireproof panel (registered trademark)" manufactured by Daiken Corporation may be used.

Types of gypsum board include, for example, general so-called gypsum board, reinforced gypsum board more densely configured than the gypsum board, and hard gypsum board more densely constructed than the reinforced gypsum board.
The features of these various gypsum boards and the SD refractory panel as the volcanic vitreous composite board 4 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, when the thickness of each gypsum board is the same 12.5 mm, the relationship between the weight and the crystal water content is that gypsum board <reinforced gypsum board <hard gypsum board, whereas heat. The relationship between resistance values is gypsum board> reinforced gypsum board> hard gypsum board. This is because as the weight per unit volume of gypsum board increases, the water of crystallization content increases, but the number of bubbles in the board decreases and the thermal resistance value decreases.
Further, when comparing the gypsum board and the SD fireproof panel, the relationship of weight is SD fireproof panel <gypsum board, and the relationship of thermal resistance value is SD fireproof panel> gypsum board. That is, the SD fireproof panel as the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 is lightweight, has a high thermal resistance value, and is less likely to be chipped or cracked than the gypsum board in the event of a fire. Easy to handle and has high heat insulation performance.

In the above-mentioned "cool wood", when ensuring the one-hour fire resistance, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, a two-layer structure non-burning layer (fireproof material) in which two 21 mm reinforced gypsum boards 3b are laminated is laminated. Part) is formed. In this case, the thickness of the burn-off layer is 42 mm, and the water of crystallization content is 6.8 kg / m ² .
On the other hand, in "Coolwood", in order to widen the space inside the building, as shown in FIG. 4B, a two-layer structure non-burning layer was formed by laminating two 12.5 mm hard gypsum boards 3c. In this case, the thickness of the non-burning layer is as thin as 25 mm, and the water of crystallization content is 6.3 kg / m ² . However, in the case of the burn-stop layer, the thermal resistance value is smaller and the board thickness is thinner than that of the two-layer structure burn-stop layer in which two 21 mm reinforced gypsum boards 3b are laminated, so that in the event of a fire. There is a high possibility that the board will be chipped or cracked, and if the board is chipped or cracked in the event of a fire, the thermal heat will easily reach the wooden core 2 through the chipped or cracked portion. ..
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, when a two-layer structure burn-stop layer is formed by laminating two 12.5 mm hard gypsum boards 3c, the fire resistance is deteriorated and the one-hour fire resistance cannot be ensured. there is a possibility.

On the other hand, in the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), a 12.5 mm volcanic property is formed between the inner gypsum board 3 and the outer gypsum board 5 by the 12.5 mm hard gypsum board 3c. Since the fire-resistant main structural portion 1 provided with the fire-retardant layer (fire-resistant material portion 10) having a three-layer structure formed by providing the SD fire-resistant panel as the glassy composite plate 4, the thickness of the fire-retardant layer was 37. It can be made 5 mm, thinner than the 42 mm thickness of "Coolwood" that has achieved fire resistance for 1 hour, and the space inside the building can be widened. The decrease can be improved, and the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 is provided, so that the inner gypsum board 3 and the outer gypsum board 5 have a protective function against chips and cracks.
That is, according to the fire-resistant main structure portion 1 of the first embodiment, the thickness of the fire-stopping layer (fire-resistant material portion 10) can be reduced, the space inside the building can be widened, and the fire-resistant main structure portion 1 has excellent fire resistance. Will be able to provide.

According to the fire-resistant main structural portion 1 of the first embodiment, after the wooden decorative material 6 burns in the event of a fire, the outer gypsum board 5 first exhibits the fire-resistant performance by releasing water vapor by thermal decomposition of water of crystallization. After that, the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 having high heat insulating performance in the intermediate layer exhibits fire resistance as a heat insulating layer, and finally the inner gypsum board 3 located at the innermost side exhibits fire resistance. In this case, in the unlikely event that the outer gypsum board 5 is chipped or cracked, the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 in the intermediate layer resists the heat generated from the chipped or cracked portion of the outer gypsum board 5. Demonstrates the function as a heat-resistant layer. Further, if the inner gypsum board 3 can retain the water of crystallization during the fire resistance time, the surface 21 of the wooden core material 2 will work so as not to exceed 100 ° C. due to the effect of latent heat of vaporization accompanying the release of water vapor. , The wooden core material 2 will not be burnt.
That is, according to the fire-resistant main structure portion 1 of the first embodiment, since the refractory layer (fire-resistant material portion 10) having a thin thickness is provided, the space inside the building can be widened, and the two layers of gypsum on the outside and the inside can be widened. The fire resistance can be improved by providing the boards 3 and 5, the decrease in the thermal resistance value can be improved by providing the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4, and the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 is provided. As a result, a protective function against chipping and cracking of the gypsum board can be obtained, so that it becomes a fireproof main structural part 1 having excellent fire resistance.

The one-hour fire resistance is the "fire resistance" described in "Building Standards Law, Article 2, Paragraph 7, Fireproof Structure", and the specific contents are described in the "Building Standards Law Enforcement Ordinance No. 1". In the main structural parts of walls, pillars, floors, and beams of "Article 107 Technical Standards for Fire Resistance Performance", "deformation, melting, which hinders structural strength when the heat of a normal fire is applied for 1 hour, It does not cause destruction or other damage. " As for the test contents, for example, when the main structural part (wooden core material 2) is a pillar, it is assumed that a test piece with a length of 3 m or more is fired from 4 sides to 1 hour while applying a load to the pillar in a fire-resistant furnace. It is a pillar that has fire resistance for 1 hour by heating (burner), passing the test judgment such as the combustion condition of the pillar core and the maximum axial shrinkage amount, and obtaining the certification of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. be.
Then, as a result of conducting a fire resistance test of the fire resistance main structure part 1 of the first embodiment, it was confirmed that the fire resistance main structure part 1 of the first embodiment has a fire resistance performance for one hour.

Embodiment 2
In the first embodiment, the refractory main structure portion 1 provided with the refractory material portion 10 having a three-layer structure in which the volcanic vitreous composite plate 4 is provided between the inner gypsum board 3 and the outer gypsum board 5 is illustrated. The refractory main structural part may be provided with a refractory material part having a structure in which the glassy composite plate is arranged on the innermost side or the outermost side. In this case, if the protective function of the volcanic glass composite plate against the chipped or cracked portion of the gypsum board is emphasized, the volcanic glass composite plate should be arranged on the innermost side, that is, the wooden core material 2. It is preferable that the surface 21 (outer surface) is covered with a volcanic vitreous composite plate.

Embodiment 3
It may be a fireproof main structural part provided with a fireproof material part having a two-layer structure in which a gypsum board and a volcanic vitreous composite plate are laminated. In this case, if the protective function of the volcanic glass composite plate against the chipped or cracked portion of the gypsum board is emphasized, the surface 21 (outer surface) of the wooden core material 2 is covered with the volcanic glass composite plate. Is preferable.
Even in the fire-resistant main structural part of the third embodiment, the thickness of the fire-resistant material part can be reduced, the space inside the building can be widened, and the thermal resistance value can be reduced by providing the volcanic vitreous composite plate. It can be improved, and by providing a volcanic vitreous composite plate, it becomes possible to obtain a protective function against chipping and cracking of gypsum board, and it becomes a fireproof main structural part with excellent fire resistance.

In the above, the fireproof main structural part 1 having the configuration in which the wooden decorative material 6 is provided on the outermost side is illustrated, but a sheet-shaped decorative material such as a cloth is provided on the outermost side instead of the wooden decorative material 6. May be good.

1 Fireproof main structure, 2 Wooden core material, 3 Inner gypsum board,
4 Volcanic vitreous composite board, 5 Outer gypsum board, 10 Refractory material part.

Claims (3)

It is a fireproof main structural part composed of a wooden core material constituting the main structural part of a building and a fireproof material part provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material.
The refractory material part is composed of a laminated gypsum board and a volcanic vitreous composite board, and covers the inner gypsum board provided to cover the surface of the wooden core material and the surface of the inner gypsum board. A refractory main structural part provided with a volcanic vitreous composite plate provided in the above and an outer gypsum board provided so as to cover the surface of the volcanic vitreous composite plate. It is a fireproof main structural part composed of a wooden core material constituting the main structural part of a building and a fireproof material part provided so as to cover the surface of the wooden core material.
The refractory material section is composed of a laminated gypsum board and a volcanic glassy composite board, and is provided to cover the surface of the wooden core material with the volcanic glassy composite board and the volcanic glassy composite board. A refractory main structural part characterized by having a gypsum board provided to cover the surface of the. The fireproof main structural part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sheet-shaped decorative material covering the surface of the gypsum board is provided.

Images