JP6974422B2 - Rainfall intensity estimation method and estimation device using multiple altitude observation data of ultra-short-range dual polarization radar - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rainfall intensity estimation method using multi-altitude observation data of an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar and an estimation device, and more specifically, scan observation data of a dual polarization radar and a concept of volumetric rainfall. It relates to a rainfall intensity estimation method and an estimation device using multiple altitude observation data of an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar, which can estimate rainfall intensity using.

When rainfall estimation using dual-polarization radar reflectivity factor used during rainfall estimates of single-polarization radar (reflectivity, _{Z h)} in addition to, the differential reflectivity factor (differential _{reflectivity, Z dr)} and Hihen Precipitation is estimated using the specific differential phase (K _tp).

Typical rainfall estimation algorithms for dual-polarized radar include the JPOLE (Joint Polarization Experiment) (Ryzhkov et al., 2005) algorithm and the CSU (Colorado State University) (Cifelli et al., 20) algorithm. Can be mentioned.

The JPOLE algorithm uses different rainfall relational expressions depending on the amount of rainfall, and the CSU algorithm uses different rainfall relational expressions depending on the quality of hydrometeor and radar data. The relationships between the variables used in the rainfall estimation algorithm, namely R (Z _h ), R (Z _h , Z _dr ), R (K _pd ), R (K _pd , Z _dr ), are the raindrop grain size distribution (Drop). It was derived by theoretical study of various assumptions for the parameters of Size Distribution (DSD) (Non-Patent Document 1).

Such existing rainfall estimation techniques mainly use the dual polarization radar data for each gate (for example, horizontally polarized reflection factor, reflection factor difference, phase difference between specific polarizations) to calculate the amount of rainfall for each gate. do.

Existing rainfall estimation techniques for calculating rainfall intensity values for each such gate are suitable for dual polarization radar systems that observe short distances (eg, 10 km) or longer, and are suitable for ultra-short distances (eg, 1 km or less). ) Was sometimes difficult to apply to radar systems. This is because the ultra-short-range radar system requires the concept of volumetric rainfall in order to calculate the rainfall intensity value.

Therefore, in the existing ultra-short-range radar system, there is a need for a method for more accurately calculating the rainfall intensity value using the concept of volumetric rainfall.

Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-1512015 (Registered 2015.04.08.)

Bringi and Orderkar, 2001

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to estimate rainfall in volume units using a _{reflection factor (Z h} ) and a phase difference between specific polarizations (K _dp). By doing so, we will provide a rainfall intensity estimation method and estimation device using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar, which can estimate rainfall more accurately than the existing one even for ultra-short distances. To provide.

The problems to be solved in the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems to be solved not mentioned are clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the following description.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned technical problems, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rainfall intensity estimation method using the multiple altitude observation data of the dual polarization radar is (A) ultra-short distance double bias. Of the multiple altitude observation materials of the wave radar, the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the phase difference between specific polarizations, which are scan observation materials, are input at the stage where they are input for each observed altitude angle, and (B) at the above (A) stage. The step of calculating the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations, and (C) the volume average of the calculated horizontal polarization reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations. It may include a step of estimating the rainfall intensity using at least one of them.

In step (C), if the reliability of the quality of the scanned observation data is above the standard, the rainfall intensity is estimated using the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations, and if it is less than the standard, the horizontal deviation. Heavy rain intensity may be estimated using the volume average of wave reflection factors.

The steps (C) are (C1) a step of estimating the primary heavy rain intensity using the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor, and (C2) a step between the estimated primary heavy rain intensity and the calculated specific polarization. If the volume average of the phase difference is larger than the threshold set for each, the step of estimating the heavy rain intensity based on the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations may be included.

In the step (C), if at least one of (C3) the volume average of the estimated primary heavy rain intensity and the calculated phase difference between specific polarizations is smaller than the threshold set for each, the step (C) is described. It may further include a step of estimating the estimated primary heavy rain intensity as the final heavy rain intensity.

On the other hand, as a means for solving the above-mentioned technical problems, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rainfall intensity estimation device using the multiple altitude observation data of the dual polarization radar is an ultra-short-range dual polarization. Among the radar's multiple altitude observation materials, the scan observation material input unit that inputs the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the phase difference between specific polarizations, which are the scan observation materials, according to the observed altitude angle, and the input horizontal polarization. At least one of the volume average calculation unit for calculating the volume average of the reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations and the volume average of the calculated volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations. It is provided with a heavy rain intensity estimation unit that estimates the rainfall intensity by using it.

The heavy rain intensity estimation unit estimates the rainfall intensity using the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations if the reliability of the quality of the scan observation data is equal to or higher than the standard, and if it is less than the standard, the horizontal Heavy rain intensity may be estimated using the volume average of polarization reflection factors.

The heavy rain intensity estimation unit estimates the primary heavy rain intensity using the volume average of the horizontal polarization reflection factor, and the volume average of the estimated primary heavy rain intensity and the calculated specific polarization phase difference is calculated. If it is larger than the threshold set for each, the heavy rain intensity may be estimated based on the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations.

The heavy rain intensity estimation unit is estimated if at least one of the estimated primary heavy rain intensity and the calculated volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations is smaller than the threshold set for each. The primary heavy rain intensity may be estimated as the final heavy rain intensity.

According to the present invention, _{by estimating the heavy rain intensity using the reflection factor (Z h} ) and the phase difference between specific polarizations (K _dp ), the heavy rain is more accurately performed not only at a short distance but also at an ultra-short distance. The strength can be estimated.

In addition, the radar data observed and calculated from multiple altitude angles instead of one altitude angle, that is, the reflection factor (Z _h ) and the phase difference between specific polarizations (K _dp ) are used to further increase the heavy rainfall intensity in volume units. It can be estimated accurately.

In addition, by using radar data observed by scanning light rays at multiple altitude angles for a short period of time at a short distance, problems with various echoes that can contaminate the radar data are solved, and accurate heavy rainfall estimation is performed. This can prevent torrential rains and floods.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the following description.

A graph showing the results of observation by irradiating light rays at multiple observation altitude angles in the rainfall intensity estimation device according to the embodiment of the present invention. Illustrative explanation showing the horizontally polarized reflection factors for the first ray (ray 1) and the 360th ray (ray 360) among the 360 rays forming one scan (for example, a scan at 45 degrees) for each gate. figure Flow chart for explaining the rainfall intensity estimation method using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to the embodiment of the present invention. Illustrated explanatory diagram of a radar provided with a heavy rain intensity estimation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A block diagram showing a rainfall intensity estimation device using multiple altitude observation data of an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above-mentioned objectives, other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention are readily understood based on the following preferred embodiments associated with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In some cases, it is mentioned in advance that parts that are well known in describing the invention and that are not highly relevant to the invention are not described in describing the invention in order to prevent chaos without special reason. I will do it.

First, in the rainfall intensity estimation method using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range double-polarized radar according to the embodiment of the present invention, the double-polarized radar irradiates the K-band double-polarized radar and the reflector. When a light beam reflected from the light beam is incident, the heavy rain intensity estimation device calculates the value required for estimating the heavy rain intensity from the incident light ray. In particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heavy rain intensity estimation method estimates the heavy rain intensity using the multiple observation altitude angle data on the assumption that the fluctuation of the rainfall amount is small during the short observation time at a short distance. do.

The dual polarization radar and the heavy rain intensity estimation device may be realized by one device, and will be described separately in this embodiment.

In the embodiment of the present invention, 1 km is mentioned as an ultra-short distance, but this is not limited to this as an example, and 1 km or more may be defined as an ultra-short distance, and even if it is not an ultra-short distance. Needless to say, it is possible to estimate heavy rain from the material irradiated with light rays even for a distance of 1 km or more.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the multiple observation altitude angles are, for example, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees, and this is not limited to this as an example.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing an example of one volume data among the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar in the rainfall intensity estimation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, one volume material is composed of a large number of scans, in the embodiment of the present invention, three scans, and one scan is composed of a large number of light rays. Also, one ray consists of many gates.

In FIG. 1, blue, red, and green indicate one scan. Each scan consists of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees. The scans shown in blue, red, and green are each composed of a large number of light rays, and the number of light rays varies depending on the observation method. In this embodiment, 360 rays are used. The number of gates that make up each ray (ie, one line of blue, red, and green) can also be tens to hundreds, depending on the radar operating method. One gate may be regarded as one point.

One gate has various variables other than the horizontally polarized reflection factor, the reflection factor difference, and the phase difference between specific polarizations. In the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal polarization reflecting factor and the phase difference between specific polarizations are used.

FIG. 2 gates a horizontally polarized reflection factor for the first ray (ray 1) and the 360th ray (ray 360) out of 360 rays making one scan (eg, a scan at 45 degrees). It is an example figure which shows separately.

Referring to FIG. 2, R is the scan distance, and if one ray consists of N gates, the horizontally polarized reflection factor is a value for gates 1 to N. The rainfall intensity estimation device calculates the degree of horizontal polarization attenuation from the change in the horizontal polarization reflection factor depending on the irradiation distance of the dual polarization radar.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart for explaining a method for estimating the rainfall intensity of the rainfall intensity estimation device using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rainfall intensity estimation device inputs a scan observation material, that is, a volume material composed of each scan material (S310). The scan observation data input in the S310 step are values calculated from the values obtained at altitude angles of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees, and are Z _h (30), Z _h (45), and Z. _h (60), K _dp (30), K _dp (45), and K _dp (60).

Z _{h (30) is an average value of Z h} obtained from a 30 degree scan, that is, an average value calculated from several light rays composed of several gates. Similarly, Z _h (45) is the average value of _{Z h} obtained from the 45 degree scan _{, and Z h} (60) is the average value of _{Z h} obtained from the 60 degree scan.

Further, K _{dp (30) is an average value of K dp} obtained from a 30-degree scan, that is, an average value calculated from several light rays composed of several gates. Similarly, K _dp (45) is the average value of _{K pd} obtained from the 45 degree scan _{, and K dp} (60) is the average value of _{K dp} obtained from the 60 degree scan.

The rainfall intensity estimator is a volume average (μ (Z _h )) _{of the horizontally polarized reflection factors (Z h} (0), Z _h (45), Z _h (90)) for each observation altitude angle, that is, for each scan. ) And the volume average (μ (K _dp )) of the phase difference between the specific polarizations (K _dp (0), 2 · K _dp (45)) (S320, S330).

In the S320 step, the rainfall intensity estimator sets _{the average value or the intermediate value of Z h} (30), Z _h (45), and Z _h (60) input in the S310 step as the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor ( Calculated as μ (Z _h )).

Further, in the S330 step, the rainfall intensity estimator sets _{the average value or the intermediate value of the K dp} (30), the K _dp (45) and the K _dp (60) input in the S310 step as the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations. Calculated as (μ (K _dp )).

_{In the S320 and S330 stages, the volume average (μ (Z h} )) of the horizontally polarized reflection factor calculated for 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees and the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations (μ (K)). _dp )) are as follows.

_{The rainfall intensity estimator is at least one of the volume average (μ (Z h} )) of the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the volume average (μ (K _dp )) of the phase difference between specific polarizations calculated in the S320 step and the S330 step. The rainfall intensity is estimated using one (S340-S370). In particular, the rainfall intensity estimation device estimates the rainfall intensity using the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations if the reliability of the quality of the input scan observation data is equal to or higher than the preset standard, and is less than the standard. If so, the rainfall intensity is estimated using the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factors.

Hereinafter, the rainfall intensity estimation in the S340 to S370 steps will be described in detail.

First, the rainfall intensity estimation device estimates the primary rainfall intensity using the relational expression between the reflection factor and the rainfall intensity (S380). That is, the rainfall intensity estimation device _{estimates the primary rainfall intensity by applying the volume average (μ (Z h} )) of the horizontally polarized reflection factor to the following [Equation 1].

［式１］

[Equation 1]

In the above [Equation 1], a and b are variables having a 24 GHz frequency, and may be, for example, a = 0.01 and b = 0.78 at 24 GHz at a 45 degree altitude angle. R (μ (Z _h )) is the primary rainfall intensity estimated by the volume average (μ (Z _{h)) of the horizontally polarized reflection factor.}

The rainfall intensity estimation device has the primary rainfall intensity (R (μ (Z _{h ))) calculated in the S340 step and the volume average (μ (K dp} )) of the phase difference between specific polarizations calculated in the S330 step. If it is larger than the first and second thresholds (TH1, TH2, for example, TH1 = 10, TH1 = 1) set for each, and is larger than the preset reference value (S350-yes). When the rainfall intensity is strong (that is, the amount of rain currently falling is larger than the standard), the material quality input in the S310 step and calculated in the S320 step and the S330 step has a high reliability above a certain level. You can judge. Therefore, the rainfall intensity estimation device will estimate _{the final rainfall intensity from the volume average (μ (K dp} )) of the phase difference between the specific polarizations using the following [Equation 2] (S360).

［式２］

[Equation 2]

In the above [Equation 2], c is a variable having a frequency of 24 GHz, and may be, for example, c = 21.4 at an altitude angle of 45 degrees. In the above [Equation 1] and [Equation 2], the 24 GHz frequency is one of the commercial frequencies, and the variables a, b, and c at this time are theoretical values obtained by scattering simulation. be. Therefore, even at other frequencies, the theoretical value can be obtained by the same method applied when the frequency is 24 GHz. R (μ (K _dp )) is the final rainfall intensity estimated by the volume average (μ (K _{dp)) of the phase difference between specific polarizations.}

Here, μ (K _dp )> 1 directly means _{the quality of K dp} , and indirectly means the value shown in the degree of intermediate rainfall intensity.

On the other hand, in the S350 step, at least one of the estimated primary rainfall intensity (R (μ (Z _h ))) and the calculated volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor (μ (Z _h )) is. If it is equal to or less than each threshold (TH1, TH2) (S350-no), the rainfall intensity estimation device estimates the primary rainfall intensity estimated in the S340 step as the final rainfall intensity (S370).

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram showing an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar to which the heavy rain intensity estimation device 600 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 4, the ultrashort-range dual polarization radar includes an antenna 400, a drive unit 500, and a rainfall intensity estimation device 600.

The antenna 400 emits an electromagnetic wave at multiple altitude angles, and receives the reverberant wave that the electromagnetic wave reflects from the target object and returns.

The drive unit 500 drives the radar including the antenna 400 so that the antenna emits electromagnetic waves at multiple altitude angles.

The rainfall intensity estimation device 600 generates scan observation data from the signal received by the antenna 400, and uses the reflection factor (Z _h ) and the phase difference between specific polarizations (K _dp ) in the scan observation data to obtain the volume. Estimate the unit rainfall.

The rainfall intensity estimation device 600 is a device for performing the rainfall intensity estimation method described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, and stores a processor that estimates rainfall using the rainfall estimation algorithm and a rainfall estimation algorithm. It may be a computer device including a memory.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a rainfall intensity estimation device 600 using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to the embodiment of the present invention used in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 5, the rainfall intensity estimation device 600 includes a communication interface unit 610, a memory 620, and a processor 630.

The communication interface unit 610 has a communication circuit that receives a received signal (that is, a reflected wave) from the antenna 400.

The memory 620 may have a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. In memory 620, for example, instructions or data associated with components 610 to 630, one or more programs and / or software for realizing and / or providing the operations, functions, etc. provided by the rainfall intensity estimation device 600. , Operational system, etc. may be saved.

A rainfall intensity estimation program including a command word may be included to estimate the rainfall intensity at an ultra-short distance using the scan observation data stored in the memory 620.

The processor 630 executes one or more programs stored in the rainfall intensity estimation device 600 and controls the general operation of the rainfall intensity estimation device 600. For example, the processor 630 executes a rainfall intensity estimation program stored in the memory 620 to estimate the rainfall intensity.

Therefore, by executing the rainfall intensity estimation program, the processor 630 has a scan observation data generation unit 632, a scan observation data input unit 634, a volume average calculation unit 636, and a rainfall intensity estimation unit 638.

The scan observation data generation unit 632 generates scan observation data from the reflected wave received by the antenna 400, and transmits the generated scan observation data to the scan observation data input unit 634. Scan observations show the reflex factor and specific polarization phase difference measured at altitude angles of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees, ie Z _h (30), Z _h (45), Z _h (60),. It _{may include K dp} (30), K _dp (45), and K _dp (60).

_{The scan observation data input unit 634 uses the scan observation data, that is, Z h} (30), Z _h (45), Z _h (60), and K _dp , among the multiple altitude observation materials of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar. (30), K _dp (45), and K _dp (60) are input. The scan observation material may be calculated by the scan observation material input unit 634.

The volume average calculation unit 636 sets _{the average value or the intermediate value of the input reflection factors Z h} (30), Z _h (45), and Z _h (60) to the volume average (μ (μ)) of the horizontally polarized reflection factor. Calculated as Z _h )).

Further, the volume average calculation unit 636 sets _{the average value or the intermediate value of the input K dp} (30), K _dp (45), and K _dp (60) of the phase difference between the specific polarizations as the phase difference between the specific polarizations. Calculated as volume average (μ (K _dp )).

The rainfall intensity estimation unit 638 uses at least one of the calculated volume averages of the horizontally polarized reflection factors (μ (Z _h )) and the volume averages of the phase differences between the specific polarizations (μ (K _dp )) for rainfall. Estimate the strength.

_{More specifically, the rainfall intensity estimation unit 638 estimates the primary rainfall intensity (R (μ (Z h} ))) using the above [Equation 1], which is a relational expression between the reflection factor and the rainfall intensity. That is, the rainfall intensity estimation unit 638 estimates the _{primary rainfall intensity by applying the volume average (μ (Z h} )) of the horizontally polarized wave reflection factor to the above [Equation 1].

In the rainfall intensity estimation unit 638, the volume average (μ (K _dp )) of the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the calculated phase difference between specific polarizations is set for each of the first and second thresholds (TH1). , TH2, for example, TH1 = 10, TH1 = 1), the rainfall intensity is strong, and it can be judged that the quality of materials such as scan observation materials has a high reliability above a predetermined level. can.

Therefore, the rainfall intensity estimation unit 638 estimates the final rainfall intensity using the above [Equation 2] from _{the volume average (μ (K dp)) of the phase difference between specific polarizations.}

On the other hand, in the rainfall intensity estimation unit 638, at least one of the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the volume average (μ (K _dp )) of the calculated phase difference between specific polarizations was set for each. If it is equal to or less than the threshold (TH1, TH2), the primary rainfall intensity estimated using the above [Equation 1] is estimated as the final rainfall intensity.

On the other hand, the rainfall intensity estimation method using the multi-altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to the present invention is carried out by a computer by typographically realizing a program of command words to realize this. It can be easily understood by ordinary technicians that it may be included and provided in a readable recording medium.

That is, the rainfall intensity estimation method using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar according to the present invention is realized in the form of program instructions performed by various computer means, and is a computer-readable recording medium. The recording medium recorded in the computer and readable by the computer includes program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like alone or in combination. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and ROMs (Read Only Memory) and RAMs ( Includes hardware devices specially configured to store and perform program instructions such as Random Access Memory), flash memory, and USB memory.

Therefore, the present invention can be read by a computer performed on a computer controlling the rainfall intensity estimation device in order to realize a rainfall intensity estimation method using the multiple altitude observation data of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar. The program stored on the recording medium is provided together.

400 Antenna 500 Drive unit 600 Rainfall intensity estimation device 610 Communication interface unit 620 Memory 630 Processor 632 Scan observation data generation unit 634 Scan observation data input unit 636 Volume average calculation unit 638 Rainfall intensity estimation unit

Claims (2)

(A) Of the multiple altitude observation materials of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar of 1 km or less, the stage where the horizontally polarized reflection factor and the phase difference between specific polarizations, which are scan observation materials, are input for each observed altitude angle. When,
(B) The step of calculating the volume average of the horizontally polarized wave reflection factor input in the step (A) and the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations, and
(C) Including a step of estimating the rainfall intensity using at least one of the volume average of the calculated horizontal polarization reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations.
The step (C) is
If the reliability of the quality of the scan observation data is above the standard, the rainfall intensity is estimated using the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations, and if it is less than the standard, the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor is used. Estimate the rainfall intensity using
Further, the step (C) is
(C1) A step of estimating the primary rainfall intensity using the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor, and
(C2) If the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the calculated volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations are larger than the threshold values set for each, rainfall is based on the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations. The stage of estimating the strength and
(C3) If at least one of the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the calculated volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations is smaller than the threshold set for each, the estimated primary rainfall intensity is finalized. A method for estimating rainfall intensity using multiple altitude observation data of an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar, which further includes a step for estimating rainfall intensity. Among the multiple altitude observation materials of the ultra-short-range dual polarization radar of 1 km or less, the scan observation material input that inputs the horizontal polarization reflection factor and the phase difference between specific polarizations, which are scan observation materials, according to the observed altitude angle. Department and
The volume average calculation unit that calculates the volume average of the input horizontal polarization reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations,
A rainfall intensity estimation unit for estimating rainfall intensity using at least one of the volume average of the calculated horizontally polarized reflection factor and the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations is provided.
The rainfall intensity estimation unit is
If the reliability of the quality of the scan observation data is above the standard, the rainfall intensity is estimated using the volume average of the phase difference between specific polarizations, and if it is less than the standard, the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor is used. Estimate the rainfall intensity using
Further, the rainfall intensity estimation unit is
The primary rainfall intensity is estimated using the volume average of the horizontally polarized reflection factor, and the volume average of the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the calculated specific polarization phase difference is larger than the threshold set for each. If it is large, the rainfall intensity is estimated based on the volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations.
If at least one of the estimated primary rainfall intensity and the calculated volume average of the phase difference between the specific polarizations is smaller than the threshold set for each, the estimated primary rainfall intensity is used as the final rainfall intensity. A rainfall intensity estimation device using multiple altitude observation data of an ultra-short-range dual polarization radar characterized by estimation.

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