JP6973809B2 - System shelter - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a system shelter in which an evacuable assembly-type building can be added.

When the disaster struck, many of the victims laid out cardboard and other items on the floor of the gymnasium, laid out blankets in a crowd of people, and lived in evacuation while sleeping on small fish. Some people have fallen asleep not only on the floor of the gymnasium, but also in the school corridors.

It is known that many people have been forced to evacuate in such a harsh environment and have died from disaster-related deaths.

The number of people recognized as "disaster-related deaths" in the Kumamoto earthquake was 211, more than four times the number of people who died directly from the earthquake. Of these 211 people, at least 95 people have experienced evacuation life at evacuation centers or staying in the car, accounting for 45% of the total. It is presumed that the mental fatigue of losing property due to the disaster and the lack of sleep due to sleeping small fish in an overcrowded group worsened the health.

Even if you are fortunate enough to survive the disaster, it would be too miserable to have a "disaster-related death" in your life at the shelter.

Japanese Patent No. 5569997

In view of the above situation, an evacuation facility that can avoid the evacuation life due to sleeping with small fish is needed. However, permanently installing large-scale evacuation facilities all over the country in case of a disaster is not a realistic response considering the installation cost and maintenance cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a system shelter that can be transported to a disaster site and set up quickly. As a result, a large number of people can avoid the evacuation life due to sleeping with small fish.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a system shelter used as an evacuation facility for evacuating after a disaster, and is a building member which is a member for expanding an assembly-type building and a transportation means. An outer wall that is transportable and is composed of a top plate, a pair of side walls that are detachably fixed to the top plate and that can rotate in the vertical direction and are provided facing each other, and a bottom plate that is connected to the outer wall. have a, a body defining a first evacuation rectangular parallelepiped space, and a rotating means for rotating the outer wall, the interior of the body, the first shelter is provided, the first shelter Has a first bed provided in a row in a plurality of stages inside the main body along the direction of the outer wall when the outer wall is not rotating, and a second evacuation is provided inside the prefabricated building. second shelter member for construction of facilities, is disposed within the body, the second evacuation facility member, when the outer wall is rotated, along the direction of the outer wall, in rows It has a second bed member that can be set up in a plurality of stages, the rotating means has a spring that urges the outer wall toward the external space, and the outer wall fixes the assembled building when it rotates. The fixed floor is fixed to an underground anchor, and the building member is a member arranged inside the main body for setting up the assembly-type building, and the assembly-type building is , a framework of rigid frame structure comprising a framework of prefabricated buildings, is fixed to the framework, possess the curtain material for covering the framework, the Makuzai has an outer curtain fixed to the outer surface of the framework It is a double structure having an inner curtain fixed to the inner surface side of the framework, the main body is transported to the disaster site, the outer wall is tilted to both sides, and the building member and the second bed member are placed in the first evacuation space. The assembled house is added to both sides of the main body by being fixed to the fixed floor, and the assembled building defines a square-shaped second evacuation space and holds the second bed member. It is characterized in that it is assembled and a second bed is installed in the second evacuation space.

According to this configuration, the system shelter can be transported by means of transportation, so that it can be quickly transported to the installation site and set up in the event of a disaster. Further, since the outer wall of the assembly type system shelter becomes a fixed floor for fixing the assembly type building when it is rotated, the outer wall can be used for multiple purposes and the assembly type building can be set up in a short period of time.
Further, according to this configuration, since the wall of one assembly type system shelter is composed of a pair of side walls provided facing each other, two additional evacuation sites can be used by using the two side walls of one system shelter. You can set up a facility.
Further, according to this configuration, since the first evacuation facility is provided inside the main body, the main body can be used as an evacuation area as it is.
Further, according to this configuration, since the first bed is provided in a plurality of rows in a row along the direction of the outer wall inside the main body, a large number of people can evacuate and sleep in the main body.
Further, according to this configuration, the second evacuation facility member for setting up the second evacuation facility inside the assembly type building is arranged inside the main body, so that only the main body can be transported to the carry-in site. , The second evacuation facility can be set up in the assembly type building.
Further, according to this configuration, since the second evacuation facility member has the second bed member capable of arranging the second bed in a row in a plurality of stages along the direction of the outer wall, a large number of people evacuate to the prefabricated building. Then you can go to bed.
Further, according to this configuration, the outer wall can be smoothly rotated.
Further, according to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the outer wall from being fanned by a strong wind.
In addition, according to this configuration, many people can secure a sleeping place and evacuate while improving safety .

It said transportation means is a truck or trailer, characterized in that it is transportable by pulling the body.

According to this configuration, the main body can be transported by towing the main body with a truck or a trailer. It is possible to omit loading and unloading work and improve transportation efficiency. For example, a plurality of main bodies can be efficiently transported by ferry to a port near the loading site together with the bogie and piston transporting to the loading site by a towing vehicle.

Building member for adding a set Tatsushiki building, so disposed inside the body, that conveys only the loading site body, can be set-up a prefabricated building.

Is set Tatsushiki building, and the framework, is fixed to the framework, because it has a curtain material for covering the framework, weight reduction with attained a building member, it is possible to shorten the construction time.

Curtain material, an outer curtain fixed to the outer surface side of the framework, because it has a lowdown fixed to the inner surface side of the framework, an air layer can be expected heat insulating effect between the outer curtain and lowdown are provided. Even if the outer curtain is damaged, the presence of the inner curtain does not allow wind and rain to blow directly into the interior.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the system shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a first evacuation facility is provided inside the main body.

According to this configuration, since the first evacuation facility is provided inside the main body, the main body can be used as an evacuation area as it is.

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the system shelter according to claim 6, the first evacuation facility has a first bed provided in a row in a plurality of stages along the direction of the outer wall.

According to this configuration, since the first bed is provided in a plurality of rows in a row along the direction of the outer wall inside the main body, a large number of people can evacuate and go to bed in the main body.

In the invention according to claim 8, in the system shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the second evacuation facility member for setting up the second evacuation facility inside the assembly type building is inside the main body. It is characterized in that it is arranged in.

According to this configuration, the second evacuation facility member for setting up the second evacuation facility inside the assembly type building is arranged inside the main body, so that only the main body can be transported to the carry-in site. 2 Evacuation facilities can be set up in the assembly type building.

The invention according to claim 9 is the system shelter according to claim 8, wherein the second evacuation facility member has a second bed member capable of arranging a second bed in a row in a plurality of stages along the direction of the outer wall. It is characterized by.

According to this configuration, the second evacuation facility member has a second bed member capable of arranging the second bed in a row in a row along the direction of the outer wall, so that a large number of people evacuate to the prefabricated building. , I can go to bed.

The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that, in the system shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the outer wall is composed of a pair of side walls provided so as to face each other.

According to this configuration, the walls of one prefabricated system shelter are composed of a pair of side walls provided facing each other, so the two side walls of one system shelter can be used to create two additional evacuation facilities. Can be set up.

It is a side view of the transport package form of the system shelter of Embodiment 1. It is a front sectional view of a system shelter. It is a front sectional view explaining the rotation of the side wall of a system shelter. It is a perspective view of a system shelter when a prefabricated building is set up. It is a perspective view of the state where the framework of the assembly type building is assembled. (A) is a front sectional view of a system shelter explaining a method of fixing a side wall and a support column, and (b) is a plan sectional view explaining a method of fixing a support column, an upper vertical beam, and an upper horizontal beam. It is a partial front sectional view of a curtain material. (A) is a front sectional view of a state where an assembly type building is set up, and (b) is a side sectional view of the same. It is a perspective view of the 1st bed main body. It is a side view of the transport package form of the system shelter of Embodiment 2. (A) is a front view of a state in which the extension building of the second embodiment is set up, and (b) is a side view of the same.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the system shelter 1 includes a main body 10 in which a first evacuation space 10a is defined, a first bed 40 provided inside the main body 10, and a building member 50 mounted on a bottom plate 11. And has a second bed member 145. Since the building member 50 for setting up the assembly type building 60 and the second bed member 145 for installing the second bed 45 in the assembly type building 60 are arranged inside the first evacuation space 10a, by conveying the only body 10 in the carry-site, can be set-up to prepare to Rukoto without shelter can be prefabricated building 60 special equipment.

The main body 10 is a cube having a bottom plate 11, a top plate 13, a side wall 12 provided opposite to each other, and an entrance / exit 20, and the size is set to be the same as or slightly smaller than that of a 20-foot container. This enables land transportation by truck 90 (transportation means) and can be transported to most disaster sites.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lower end of the side wall 12 is rotatably fixed to the bottom plate 11 in the vertical direction by a hinge 34, and the upper end is rotatably fixed to the top plate 13. Further, a winch 30 (rotating means) is fixed to the top plate 13, and the wire 32 attached to the winch 30 passes through the pulley 33 fixed to the top plate 13 to the upper end portion of the side wall 12. Is connected to.

An additional foundation 61 is installed on the ground in advance, the side wall 12 and the top plate 13 are not fixed, and the wire 32 is extended so that the side wall 12 rotates downward. After confirming that the side wall 12 is horizontal and placed on the extension foundation 61, the wire 32 and the side wall 12 are disconnected. As a result, the side wall 12 can be used as a fixed floor for fixing the assembly type building 60. Further, in order to facilitate the rotation in the vertical direction, it is preferable to provide the top plate 13 with a spring for urging the side wall 12 toward the external space 100a.

When the side wall 12 is used as a fixed floor for fixing the assembly type building 60, it is preferable to fix it to an underground anchor (not shown) or the like that penetrates into the ground. This makes it possible to prevent the side wall 12 from being fanned by a strong wind.

As shown in FIG. 4, the main body 10 is supported by the foundation 14. In the state where the assembly type building 60 is added, two assembly type buildings 60 are provided on both sides of the main body 10. The main body 10 is provided with two entrances and exits 20 having a double structure having a double door 21 and a sliding door type inner door 22 facing each other. The double structure can improve the heat insulating performance. When the outside air temperature is low, the outer door 21 and the inner door 22 are closed to improve the heat insulating performance, and when the outside air temperature is high, both the outer door 21 and the inner door 22 are opened to improve the ventilation inside. By doing so, people can evacuate comfortably.

Similar to the main body 10, the assembly type building 60 is also provided at two locations with the additional entrances and exits 62 having a double curtain structure facing each other. The extension doorway 62 has a structure in which the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b are opened and closed by a fastener 57. Since the opening / closing timing is the same as that of the doorway 20, the description thereof will be omitted.

The assembly-type building 60 has a structure in which a rigid frame structure 51 is attached to the side wall 12 and a curtain material 55 is fixed to the framework 51.

As shown in FIG. 5, the framework 51 is a framework of the assembly type building 60, and has a support column 52 of a square cylinder, an upper vertical beam 53, and an upper horizontal beam 54. The support column 52 is a rigid frame structure fixed to the side wall 12 with the upper vertical beam 53 and the upper horizontal beam 54 assembled in all directions at the upper end of the support column 52. Further, these members are appropriately connected by connecting members 59a, b, c. In the first embodiment, the support column 52, the upper vertical beam 53, and the upper horizontal beam 54 are one member, but the members divided into a plurality of members may be joined to each other. By dividing it, the accommodation in the main body 10 can be made more efficient.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the connecting member 12a is fixed to the four corners of the side wall 12. The connecting member 12a is a member for connecting the side wall 12 and the support column 52, and is a square cylinder that can be inserted into the support column 52. With the connecting member 12a inserted in the support column 52, holes are drilled at positions corresponding to the respective holes, and the side wall 12 and the support column 52 are fixed by inserting bolts 57a into the holes and tightening the nuts 57b.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the connecting members 53a and 53b are fixed to the upper end of the support column 52. The connecting member 53a is a member for connecting the support column 52 and the upper vertical beam 53, and is a square cylinder that can be inserted into the upper vertical beam 53. With the connecting member 53a inserted into the upper vertical beam 53, holes are drilled at the corresponding positions, and the columns 52 and the upper vertical beam 53 are formed by inserting bolts 57a into the holes and tightening the nuts 57b. It is fixed. Similarly, the upper cross beam 54 is fixed to the support column 52. As a result, the framework 51 has a rigid frame structure fixed to the side wall 12.

Since the fixing of the connecting members 59a, b, and c to the respective members and the like is almost the same as described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, the curtain material 55 is fixed to the framework 51. The curtain material 55 is for defining the second evacuation space 60a of the assembled building 60, and is provided on the outer curtain 55a provided on the outer space 100a side of the framework 51 and on the second evacuation space 60a side. It has a double structure with an inner curtain 55b. With the double structure, even if the outer curtain 55a is damaged by wind and rain, the inner curtain 55b will not blow strong wind into the internal space, and even in the case of strong wind accompanied by rainfall, rain may blow. No. Further, the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b located at the extension entrance 62 are provided with an extension outer door 58 and an extension inner door (not shown) that are opened and closed by a fastener 57.

The outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b are box-shaped curtains that open downward, and are fixed to the columns 52, the upper vertical beam 53, and the upper horizontal beam 54 with face tape. Regardless of this, a button-shaped fastener, a loop-shaped fastener, a hook-shaped fastener, or a combination thereof may be used for fixing.

By fixing the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b to the framework 51, an additional entrance / exit 62, an additional side wall 63, and an additional ceiling 64 of the assembly type building 60 are provided. Further, an air layer 56 is provided between the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b. The air layer 56 is for improving the heat insulating property of the assembled building 60. As a result, the internal space is less susceptible to changes in the outside air temperature.

In the first embodiment, the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b have an integral structure, but the divided curtain materials may be fixed to each other. As a result, the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b can be attached to the framework 51 by partially attaching the divided curtain material to the framework 51, so that a large number of people are not required for one operation. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the mounting work. Further, the outer curtain 55a and the inner curtain 55b divided into the connecting members 59a, b, and c may be fixed. The framework 51 and the curtain material 55 are arranged in the first evacuation space 10a as a building member 50 at the time of transportation.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the system shelter 1 can have an assembly-type building 60 added to both sides of the main body 10. The first bed 40 is provided in advance in the first evacuation space 10a. A second bed 45 is arranged in the second evacuation space 60a defined by the assembly type building 60. The second bed 45 is an assembled second bed member 145 previously arranged in the main body 10.

The first bed 40 has two upper and lower sleeping areas arranged in a row along the direction of the side wall 12 on both side surfaces. The same applies to the second bed 45. This allows many people to secure a place to sleep and evacuate.

The first bed main body 40a is arranged in two upper and lower stages, and the lower first bed main body 40a is placed on the bottom plate 11. Further, the upper first bed main body 40a is placed directly above the lower first bed 40 in a state where both ends thereof are detachably fixed to the first bed support member 40b.

The first bed support member 40b is a T-shaped member, the lower end thereof is fixed to the bottom plate 11, and the tip portion is fixed to the partition plate 42. The partition plate 42 is for partitioning the external space and the internal space, and is arranged in the main body in a state of blocking the entire surface of both side surfaces of the main body 10. The partition plate 42 preferably has excellent sound insulation performance.

The second bed member 145 has a second bed main body 45a and a second bed support member 45b. The second bed main body 45a is arranged in the first evacuation space 10a in a state of being placed on the first bed main body 40a at the time of transportation. Similarly, the second bed support member 45b arranged in the first evacuation space 10a during transportation is a T-shaped member, and the lower end portion is fixed to the side wall 12 and the tip portion is fixed to the connecting member 59a. Since the layout of the second bed body is almost the same as that of the first bed body, the description thereof will be omitted.

It is preferable that the first bed 40 and the second bed 45 are provided with a partition for partitioning each sleeping place. The partition may be a simple one using corrugated cardboard or the like. Although it is lightweight and easy to install and remove, privacy can be ensured and sound insulation and heat insulation effects can be expected.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first bed main body 40a has a configuration in which the mat 41b is detachably fixed to the base material 41a. When the mat surface becomes dirty, the mat 41b can be removed and washed to maintain a clean state at all times. Since the base material 41a receives the load when lying down, it is preferably a highly rigid material. Since the mat 41b disperses the load and improves the sleeping comfort, it is preferable that the mat 41b has a good cushioning property. Further, the mat 41b is preferably lightweight. This makes it easy to install and remove.

Since the second bed 45 has almost the same configuration as the first bed 40, the description thereof will be omitted, but the second bed 45 is transferred from the inside of the main body 10 to the inside of the assembly type building 60 and arranged. Therefore, it is preferable that the bed is lighter than the first bed 40. As a result, the load of the mounting work of the second bed 45 can be reduced.

The second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. Since the first embodiment and the second embodiment have common parts, the differences will be mainly described. As for the symbols, the common parts are the same numbers, and the different parts are numbers in the 200s.

The system shelter 201 in the second embodiment is towed and transported by a trailer 290 (towing means) in a state where the building member 50 and the like are arranged on the main body 10. Specifically, the main body 10 is mounted on the bogie 291 and towed by the towing vehicle 292. The main body 10 is preferably the maximum size that can be transported. For example, if transport is possible only through highways, it is preferably as small as or slightly smaller than a 40-foot container. By enlarging the main body 10, more people can evacuate with one system shelter. Of course, it may be the same as or slightly smaller than the 30-foot container and the 20-foot container.

As shown in FIG. 11, after the main body 10 is brought into the loading site, the trolley 291 is separated from the towing vehicle 292, the main body 10 is left at the loading site together with the trolley 291 and only the towing vehicle is transported for loading and unloading work. Can be omitted. As a result, the crane work for installing the main body 10 becomes unnecessary, and the efficiency of the installation work can be improved. If the main body 10 can be transported by ferry to a port near the delivery site, a plurality of main bodies 10 are mounted on the trolley 291 and the tow vehicle 292 is separated and transported by ferry. After arriving at the port, the main body 10 is towed. The efficiency of transportation can be improved by transporting pistons between the port and the delivery site by car 292.

As shown in FIG. 11B, the dolly 291 is placed on the loading site in a state of being supported by the tire 294 and the foundation 211. The procedure for supporting the carriage 291 with the foundation 211 will be described.

After the trailer 290 is brought into the carry-in site, the foundation 211 is inserted under the bogie 291. Using the jack (not shown) provided on the foundation 211, the load of the bogie 291 borne by the connection portion 293 of the towing vehicle 292 is transferred to the foundation 211. The connection of the connecting portion 293 is opened, and the towing vehicle 292 and the bogie 291 are separated. After that, the work is completed by moving the towing vehicle 292.

Since the ground height of the assembled building 60 is the same as the ground height of the main body 10, the assembled building 60 is supported by the expansion foundation 261 which is higher than the expansion foundation 61 of the first embodiment.

Further, on the side where the foundation 211 is installed, a staircase 242 for ascending / descending to the entrance / exit 20 and the extension entrance / exit 62 is provided.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described first and second embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the first and second embodiments, the beds for one person are arranged on both sides, but the beds for a plurality of people who can evacuate in a family unit may be arranged, or these may be arranged in combination. Further, although the beds are arranged in two upper and lower tiers, only one tier may be arranged, or three or more tiers may be arranged.

In the first embodiment, a forklift for loading and unloading the main body may be loaded in advance inside the main body. This makes it easy to load and unload the main body even at the loading site where it is difficult to arrange a crane.

Further, a heat exchange type ventilation fan may be provided to maintain the internal temperature, or a photovoltaic power generation panel may be provided on the ceiling surface to use a storage battery as a power source.

The system shelter according to the present invention can accommodate a large number of people evacuating even though it has a compact outer shape during transportation. In addition, it has great industrial applicability because it is easy to carry in and set up locally. In particular, it is excellent in that it can quickly respond to evacuation in the event of a sudden disaster such as an earthquake or volcanic eruption.

1,201 System shelter 10 Main body 12 Side wall 30 winch 40 1st bed 45 2nd bed 145 2nd bed member 50 Building member 51 Frame 55 Curtain material 55a Outer curtain 55b Inner curtain 60 Assembly type building 90 Truck (transportation means)
290 trailer (means of transportation)

Claims (1)

A system shelter used as an evacuation facility to evacuate after a disaster.
Building members, which are members for expanding assembly-type buildings,
An outer wall that can be transported by a means of transportation and is composed of a top plate, a pair of side walls that are detachably fixed to the top plate and that can rotate in the vertical direction and are provided facing each other, and is connected to the outer wall. and a bottom and plate, and a body defining a first evacuation rectangular parallelepiped space,
A rotating means for rotating the outer wall is provided.
A first evacuation facility is provided inside the main body.
The first evacuation facility has a first bed provided in a row in a plurality of stages inside the main body along the direction of the outer wall when the outer wall is not rotating.
A second evacuation facility member for setting up a second evacuation facility inside the assembled building is arranged inside the main body, and the second evacuation facility member is said when the outer wall rotates. It has a second bed member that can be set up in multiple stages in a row along the direction of the outer wall.
The rotating means has a spring that urges the outer wall toward the external space side.
When the outer wall is rotated, it becomes a fixed floor for fixing the prefabricated building.
The fixed bed is fixed in the ground anchor,
The building member is a member arranged inside the main body for setting up the assembly type building.
The prefabricated type building includes a framework ramen structure comprising a framework of prefabricated buildings, is fixed to the framework, possess the curtain material for covering the framework, the Makuzai is on the outer surface side of the framework It is a double structure having a fixed outer curtain and an inner curtain fixed to the inner surface side of the framework.
The main body is transported to the disaster site, the outer wall is tilted to both sides, the building member and the second bed member are taken out of the first evacuation space, and the assembly type house is fixed to the fixed floor. A system characterized by defining a rectangular parallelepiped second evacuation space, assembling the second bed member, and installing a second bed in the second evacuation space. Shelter .

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