JP6970740B2 - 燃料電池システムの熱および水回収を利用する飽和器 - Google Patents
燃料電池システムの熱および水回収を利用する飽和器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6970740B2 JP6970740B2 JP2019511765A JP2019511765A JP6970740B2 JP 6970740 B2 JP6970740 B2 JP 6970740B2 JP 2019511765 A JP2019511765 A JP 2019511765A JP 2019511765 A JP2019511765 A JP 2019511765A JP 6970740 B2 JP6970740 B2 JP 6970740B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 207
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 155
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000079 presaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
- F01K21/04—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0637—Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims (13)
- アノードおよびカソードを有する燃料電池と、
前記アノードからの排気から水を再利用するように構成された水回収ユニットと、
前記カソードからの排気と、前記水回収ユニットからの水との間で熱を伝達するように構成された熱交換器と、
燃料源と、
飽和器とを備え、前記飽和器は、
前記燃料源から燃料を受け取るように構成された下部および前記水回収ユニットから水を受け取るように構成された上部を画定する下側セクションであって、前記燃料源からの前記燃料を少なくとも一部加湿するように構成されている下側セクションと、
前記熱交換器から水を受け取るように構成された上部および前記下側セクションから一部加湿燃料を受け取るように構成された下部を画定する上側セクションと、
前記一部加湿燃料が前記下側セクションから前記上側セクションへ通過することが可能であるように構成された開口部を画定する、前記上側セクションと前記下側セクションとを分離する仕切りと
を備える燃料電池システム。 - 前記仕切りは、
前記開口部から上方へ伸長する少なくとも1つの壁と、
前記開口部の上に配置された蓋と、
前記蓋と前記少なくとも1つの壁との間に画定された出口と
を更に備える、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記上側セクションは、前記上側セクションの前記下部から未蒸発水を出力するように構成され、
前記熱交換器は、前記上側セクションおよび前記水回収ユニットの少なくとも1つから水を受け取るように構成される、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記仕切りは、
前記開口部から上方へ伸長する少なくとも1つの壁と、
前記開口部の上に配置された蓋と、
前記蓋と前記少なくとも1つの壁との間に画定された出口と
を更に備える、請求項3に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記水回収ユニットは、前記アノードからの前記排気から水を凝縮し分離するように構成された直接接触冷却塔を更に備え、
前記直接接触冷却塔内の前記水のほぼ全てが、前記飽和器へ出力される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記水回収ユニットは、前記下側セクションから未蒸発水を受け取るように構成される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記カソードからの前記排気と、前記上側セクションから出力された未蒸発水との間で熱を伝達するように構成される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システム用の燃料を飽和器において飽和させる方法であって、前記方法は、
水回収ユニットから水の第1および第2の部分を提供することと、
前記飽和器の前記下側セクションにおいて、燃料および前記水の第1の部分を受け取ることと、
前記下側セクションから、前記一部加湿燃料を出力することと、
前記熱交換器において、前記水の第2の部分を加熱することと、
前記飽和器の前記上側セクションにおいて、前記水の第2の部分および前記一部加湿燃料を受け取ることと、
前記上側セクションから、更に加湿された燃料を出力することと
を備える方法。 - 前記下側セクションの前記下部において受け取られた前記燃料は、前記水の第1の部分によって加湿され、前記一部加湿燃料が生成される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記上側セクションから未蒸発水を出力することと、
前記熱交換器において前記未蒸発水を加熱することと
を更に備える、請求項8に記載の方法。 - ブローダウンストリームによって、前記上側セクションからの前記未蒸発水の少なくとも一部を除去することを更に備える、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記下側セクションから未蒸発水を出力することと、
前記水回収ユニットにおいて前記未蒸発水を受け取ることと
を更に備える、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記水回収ユニット内の前記水のほぼ全てが、前記飽和器において受け取られる、請求項8に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/252,338 US10541434B2 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Heat recovery for saturator water recovery of a direct fuel cell system |
US15/252,338 | 2016-08-31 | ||
PCT/US2017/047528 WO2018044589A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2017-08-18 | Saturator employing heat and water recovery of a fuel cell system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2019526902A JP2019526902A (ja) | 2019-09-19 |
JP6970740B2 true JP6970740B2 (ja) | 2021-11-24 |
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US (1) | US10541434B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3507848B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6970740B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102182267B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN109690853B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3035606C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018044589A1 (ja) |
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DE102015222635A1 (de) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-18 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem sowie Verfahren zum Zurückführen von Wasser in einem Brennstoffzellensystem |
KR101838510B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-03-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 증발냉각식의 연료 전지 시스템과 그것을 위한 냉각 제어 방법 |
US10546724B2 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-01-28 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Pulsed, bidirectional radio frequency source/load |
EP3869599A4 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-10-12 | Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials | REVERSIBLE WATER ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM AND METHODS OF OPERATION THEREOF |
JP7222023B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-02-14 | インディアン オイル コーポレイション リミテッド | Co汚染された水素ガスでpem燃料電池を動作させるための方法及び装置 |
CN114413503B (zh) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | 可再生能源驱动的零碳高效的分布式供能系统及运行方法 |
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US3292998A (en) * | 1960-01-11 | 1966-12-20 | Chemical Construction Corp | Method of producing hydrogen from a carbon monoxide-containing gas stream and heat recovery |
GB2001336B (en) | 1977-06-27 | 1982-02-10 | Giammarco P | Process for the production of hydrogen |
US6694744B1 (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2004-02-24 | General Electric Company | Fuel gas moisturization system level control |
US7858256B2 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2010-12-28 | Bloom Energy Corporation | High temperature fuel cell system with integrated heat exchanger network |
US7862938B2 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2011-01-04 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Integrated fuel cell and heat engine hybrid system for high efficiency power generation |
US8367256B2 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2013-02-05 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Water recovery assembly for use in high temperature fuel cell systems |
US8062799B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2011-11-22 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | High-efficiency dual-stack molten carbonate fuel cell system |
US8445147B2 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2013-05-21 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Fuel humidifier assembly for use in high temperature fuel cell systems |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 US US15/252,338 patent/US10541434B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-08-18 JP JP2019511765A patent/JP6970740B2/ja active Active
- 2017-08-18 CA CA3035606A patent/CA3035606C/en active Active
- 2017-08-18 WO PCT/US2017/047528 patent/WO2018044589A1/en unknown
- 2017-08-18 KR KR1020197008388A patent/KR102182267B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-08-18 CN CN201780055125.6A patent/CN109690853B/zh active Active
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2018044589A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
US10541434B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
CA3035606C (en) | 2023-02-14 |
KR102182267B1 (ko) | 2020-11-25 |
CA3035606A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
CN109690853A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
JP2019526902A (ja) | 2019-09-19 |
EP3507848B1 (en) | 2022-12-07 |
KR20190043154A (ko) | 2019-04-25 |
EP3507848A1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
CN109690853B (zh) | 2022-07-05 |
US20180062186A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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