JP6966843B2 - 垂直共振器型発光素子 - Google Patents
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 43
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 AlN Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000031481 Pathologic Constriction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum gallium Chemical compound [Al].[Ga] RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036262 stenosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037804 stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H01S5/2009—Confining in the direction perpendicular to the layer structure by using electron barrier layers
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- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/3407—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers characterised by special barrier layers
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- H01S5/34346—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser characterised by the materials of the barrier layers
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Description
前記第1反射器上に順に形成された、第1導電型の第1半導体層、活性層、前記第1導電型とは反対導電型の第2導電型の第2半導体層及び前記第2導電型の第3半導体層からなる半導体構造層と、
前記第3半導体層上に形成された透明電極と、
前記透明電極上に形成された第2反射器と、を有し、
前記第1反射器と前記第2反射器は前記半導体構造層を挟んでおり、
前記第3半導体層は前記第2半導体層上に突出して前記透明電極に覆われるように形成されたメサ状構造体であり、
前記第2半導体層上に前記メサ状構造体を包囲しつつ前記透明電極に接するように形成され且つ前記第2半導体層の成分由来の酸化物からなる絶縁膜と、前記絶縁膜上において前記メサ状構造体を包囲して貫通開口部を画定するように形成された絶縁層と、からなる電流狭窄層を更に有することを特徴としている。
図3は、本発明の実施例の垂直共振器面発光レーザの製造途中の構成の一部を説明する概略部分断面図である。なお、図において基板11と第1反射器13と省略して、形成された半導体構造層SMC上に絶縁層21が形成されるまでの工程を説明する。
開口縁部OP2の形状としては、図4に示すように、ビーム中心までの距離を等距離とすることでガウシアンビームを得るために、直径が1〜15μm、好ましくは3〜10μmの円形であることが好ましい。これにより、活性層17に均一に電流を注入し且つ光ビームの均一な閉じ込めを可能とする。なお、開口縁部OP2の形状は、円形以外の楕円形、多角形等、円形に近似する形状であってもよい。
図5は、本実施例の垂直共振器面発光レーザのMQW活性層17、電子ブロック層18及びp型半導体のメサ状構造体19Aの部分における伝導帯のエネルギーバンド図である。
図1に示すように、電流を注入するP電極27Pは、p型半導体のメサ状構造体19Aの周囲において透明電極23と電気的に接続されるように形成されている。また、Pパッド電極29Pは、半導体構造層SMCを含む大きなメサ構造の周囲においてP電極27Pと電気的に、接続されるように絶縁性の第2反射器25を貫通するように形成され、透明電極23を、P電極27Pを介して外部に電気的に接続できるようにしてある。
11 基板
13 第1反射器
15 n型半導体層(第1半導体層)
17 活性層
18 電子ブロック層(第2半導体層)
19A p型半導体のメサ状構造体(第3半導体層)
21 絶縁層
23 透明電極
20 絶縁膜
25 第2反射器
OP1 貫通開口部
SMC 半導体構造層
Claims (6)
- 第1反射器と、
前記第1反射器上に順に形成された、第1導電型の第1半導体層、活性層、前記第1導電型とは反対導電型の第2導電型であってアルミニウムを含む第2半導体層及び前記第2導電型の第3半導体層からなる半導体構造層と、
前記第3半導体層上に形成された透明電極と、
前記透明電極上に形成された第2反射器と、を有し、
前記第1反射器と前記第2反射器は前記半導体構造層を挟んでおり、
前記第3半導体層は前記第2半導体層上に突出して形成されたメサ状構造体であり、
更に、前記第2半導体層上に前記メサ状構造体を包囲しつつ密着して開口縁部を有するように形成され且つ前記第2半導体層の成分由来のアルミニウム酸化物からなる絶縁膜と、前記絶縁膜上において前記メサ状構造体を包囲して貫通開口部を有するように形成された絶縁層と、からなる電流狭窄層を有し、
上面視した場合に前記貫通開口部内に前記開口縁部を有し、前記メサ状構造体と前記絶縁層との間に前記絶縁膜の一部が配置されており、
前記透明電極は、前記メサ状構造体、前記絶縁層及び前記絶縁膜の上面にわたって形成されていることを特徴とする垂直共振器型発光素子。 - 前記第1半導体層はn型GaN系半導体からなり、前記第2半導体層はp型GaN系半導体からなり、前記第3半導体層はp型GaN系半導体からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の垂直共振器型発光素子。
- 前記第2半導体層は、アルミニウムを含むp型GaN系半導体の障壁層とp型GaN系半導体の井戸層とからなる多重量子障壁からなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の垂直共振器型発光素子。
- 前記第2半導体層は、前記第3半導体層側におけるアルミニウムの濃度が前記活性層側におけるアルミニウムの濃度よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の垂直共振器型発光素子。
- 前記第3半導体層の前記メサ状構造体は円錐台形状を有し、前記透明電極と前記絶縁膜の接触部が円環状であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の垂直共振器型発光素子。
- 前記メサ状構造体の膜厚は一定であり、前記メサ状構造体は前記絶縁膜に向かって連続的に薄くなるテーパー状の側面を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の垂直共振器型発光素子。
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JP2017021280A JP6966843B2 (ja) | 2017-02-08 | 2017-02-08 | 垂直共振器型発光素子 |
US15/886,113 US10381804B2 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-02-01 | Vertical cavity light emitting element |
EP18155124.3A EP3361584B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-02-05 | Vertical cavity light emitting element |
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