JP6956409B2 - Circulation type breeding and cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a circulation type breeding and cultivation device. More specifically, it relates to a device for breeding aquatic animals and cultivating plants in a cyclical manner.

Conventionally, when breeding aquatic animals, it is necessary to treat manure discharged by the aquatic animals, and it is necessary to have equipment for removing or specially treating the manure.

On the other hand, when cultivating a plant, there is a problem that nutrients that are reduced by the growth of the plant must be supplied to a medium such as soil in which the plant is cultivated.

On the other hand, a technique for achieving both breeding and cultivation is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-42492

However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is specialized in hydroponics, does not use a medium such as soil, and has a problem that the purification unit cannot be fully utilized.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus capable of cultivating using a medium such as soil and more effectively utilizing the place.

The circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is a breeding tank for breeding aquatic animals and a grilled soil filled with a mixture of clay and silicon dioxide and partially vitrified. It is provided with a soil filling tank, a first pipe for sending water in the breeding tank from the breeding tank to the burnt soil filling tank, and a second pipe for sending water from the burnt soil filling tank to the breeding tank.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus capable of cultivating using a medium such as soil and more effectively utilizing the place.

It is a figure which shows the example of the circulation type breeding cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example which provided the cultivation pot in the burnt soil filling tank of the circulation type breeding cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the circulation type breeding cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. It is a figure which shows the example of the circulation type breeding cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a figure which shows the example of the circulation type breeding cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different embodiments, and is not limited to the examples described in the embodiments and examples shown below.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “the apparatus”) 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the apparatus 1 includes a breeding tank 2 for breeding aquatic animals, a burnt soil filling tank 3 in which a mixture of clay and silicon dioxide is sintered and partially vitrified, and filled with burnt soil. It is provided with a first pipe 4 for sending water in the breeding tank from the breeding tank 2 to the clay filling tank 3 and a second pipe 5 for sending water from the clay filling tank 3 to the breeding tank 2. .. Further, in the present device 1, a storage tank 6 for storing water is provided at an intermediate position of the second pipe 5.

The breeding tank 2 in the present device 1 breeds aquatic animals as described above. Here, aquatic animals refer to animals that can live in water, and are not limited to fish such as carp and puffer, but also crustaceans such as shrimp and crab, and shellfish such as abalone and turban shell. Examples thereof include reptiles such as turtles and amphibians such as frogs, but the present invention is not limited as long as it takes in food and emits organic substances such as dung and ammonia. Moreover, not only aquatic animals can live in fresh water, but also can live in seawater, as is clear from the above examples. In the case of seawater, when growing plants, it is preferable that the salt content of seawater is about one-fourth of the usual amount (0.9% or less).

The structure of the breeding tank 2 is not limited as long as it can hold water for breeding aquatic animals, but includes, for example, a bottom and a plate-shaped portion that serves as a wall surface covering the periphery of the bottom. A general aquarium can be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, the bottom of the breeding tank 2 is filled with burnt soil obtained by sintering a mixture of clay and silicon dioxide and partially vitrifying it.

The filling amount of the burnt soil can be appropriately adjusted according to the estimated amount of organic matter and ammonia discharged by the aquatic animals to be bred. For example, when the assumed water surface height from the bottom is 100, it should be 1 or more and 20 or less. Is preferable. For example, when the assumed water surface height from the bottom is 50 cm, it is preferably 0.5 cm or more and 10 cm or less.

The average particle size of the burnt soil of the apparatus 1 is not limited, but is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less, still more preferably 3 mm or less, and particularly preferably 2 mm or less. Here, the average particle size means the average particle size obtained by the number average in a predetermined weight, and can be obtained by, for example, taking the number average of the particle size in 100 g of burnt soil.

Further, the burnt soil used in the present apparatus 1 is characterized in that its specific surface area is large because it is produced by the following. This large specific surface area also means that there are many pores, and the pores range from nanometer order to micrometer order. Then, substances such as oxygen, phosphoric acid, ammonia, nitrite, and nitric acid are adsorbed on the nanometer-order pores, and microorganisms can be fixed on the micrometer-order pores and the surface. As a result, it is considered that adsorption of oxygen, phosphoric acid, ammonia, nitrite, nitric acid and the like, oxidation by microorganisms, decomposition, denitrification treatment and the like become effective.

Further, since the burnt soil used in the present apparatus 1 has undergone a sintering step, there is little possibility that it will melt. As a result, the risk of polluting the water quality is reduced, and a suitable environment can be provided.

By the way, it goes without saying that the burnt soil in the present apparatus 1 is a burnt soil obtained by sintering clay containing silicon dioxide and partially vitrifying it, and it is needless to say that the soil is not limited to this, but for example, Japanese Patent No. 5719464. It is preferable to use the burnt soil described in 1. Specifically, an agglomeration process in which a raw material clay containing silicon dioxide is used and fine powdered soil is mixed with the raw material clay to form soil having an aggregated structure, and an agglomerating / drying device for agglomerated soil. A granulation / drying process in which hot air is blown into the soil to granulate and dry it to vitrify a part of silicon dioxide and make it into granular soil with a size of two or more, and the soil on the granules is adjusted with a granulator. It can be produced by going through a granulation step of granulating and a sieving step of sieving the sized soil and sorting it according to two or more sizes.

Further, the burnt soil filling tank 3 in the present apparatus 1 is filled with the burnt soil. Similar to the above-mentioned water tank, the burnt soil filling tank includes a tank having a bottom and a wall portion surrounding the bottom, and burnt soil to be filled in this tank.

The size of the tank and the amount of burnt soil can be appropriately adjusted according to the amount of organic matter, ammonia, etc. emitted by the aquatic animals raised in the breeding tank, and are not limited, but are the same size as the breeding tank. It is preferable that there is a degree. That is, it is preferable that the volume is larger than the standard volume of water in the breeding tank.

Further, in the present device 1, the burnt soil filling tank 3 may be further provided with a cultivation pot filled with burnt soil. The burnt soil filling tank 3 is filled with burnt soil, and plants and the like can be directly cultivated. However, as the plant grows, it takes root and enters the burnt soil tank, creating a gap, which may adversely affect the purification action of the burnt soil. Further, in the case of root vegetables such as carrots and radishes, the roots may grow deep in the soil and hit the bottom surface of the burnt soil filling tank, which may affect the subsequent growth. In addition, tomatoes, fruit trees, and the like may affect the function of the entire device, such as being entangled with members such as pipes arranged in the burnt soil filling tank 3 by greatly extending the roots. On the other hand, by separately providing a cultivation pot, it is possible to stably grow plants without affecting the purification action. An image of the configuration of this device is shown in FIG. Further, in the present apparatus 1, the "cultivation pot" includes a container used in various expressions as long as it is a container filled with burnt soil and capable of growing plants, and is in the form of a pot using, for example, a non-woven fabric. Is also included.

In addition, in the burnt soil filling tank 3, as is clear from the above description, it is suitable for growing plants. The plant to be cultivated here is preferably a plant that produces flowers and fruits. Phosphoric acid is a useful substance for producing flowers and fruits, but it is not so preferable that flowers and fruits are produced in plants suitable for hydroponics described in a later embodiment. Therefore, it is preferable to plant fruit trees such as mandarin oranges, lemons and kumquats, flower plants such as nastatium, viola and lavender, and fruit vegetables such as tomatoes and peppers in the burnt soil filling tank 3.

Further, as described above, the apparatus 1 includes a first pipe 4 for sending water in the breeding tank from the breeding tank 2 to the burnt soil filling tank 3. The structure of the first pipe 4 is not particularly limited, and its length is not particularly limited. However, when the water supply member is not provided in the breeding tank 2, it is preferable to use the natural flow of water utilizing the difference in height between the breeding tank 2 and the burnt soil filling tank 3. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, as a pipe provided with an suction port in the middle of the water surface from the bottom stretched in the breeding tank 2 and an discharge port installed so as to be at the same height as the water surface. By leaving it, a natural flow can be created from the breeding tank 2 to the burnt soil filling tank 3. The piping is preferably in a state of being in contact with atmospheric pressure (open state) from the viewpoint of adjusting the water surface in the tank in the previous stage. This also applies to the second pipe described later.

Further, the apparatus 1 is provided with a second pipe 5 for sending water from the burnt soil filling tank 3 to the breeding tank 2. The second pipe 5 is not limited as long as it is for returning water from the burnt soil filling tank 3 to the breeding tank 2, and various tanks and members can be arranged in the middle. The apparatus 1 is provided with a storage tank 6 for storing water at an intermediate position of the second pipe 5, and the second pipe 5 is divided into two, that is, a front stage portion 51 and a rear stage portion 52. There is.

The structure of the second pipe 5 is not particularly limited, but a structure similar to that of the first pipe 4 for sending water from the breeding tank 2 to the burnt soil filling tank 3 can be adopted, but the suction port Is preferably placed as close as possible to the bottom of the burnt soil filling tank 3, and at least a part of the pipe, preferably the discharge part, is installed at a position lower than the filled soil surface of the burnt soil filling tank 3. Is preferable. By doing so, the water that has sufficiently passed through the burnt soil filling tank can be discharged to the outside, and the discharge port is set higher than the bottom surface and below the soil surface so that the burnt soil filling tank can be discharged. It will be possible to secure a certain amount of water stored inside below the soil surface. In particular, by placing it below the soil surface, it becomes possible to suppress the growth of algae. The height of the water surface is not limited, but is preferably in the range of 2 cm or more and 10 cm or less from the soil surface, for example.

By the way, it is preferable that a region not filled with the burnt soil is formed in the lowermost layer of the burnt soil filling tank 3, and a suction port of the second pipe is arranged in this region. The suction port has a relatively strong force of water, and therefore, by forming an area not filled with the burnt soil in this way, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the water flow due to the burnt soil adhering to the periphery of the suction port. Can be done. As this measure, for example, a method of arranging a plate material having holes sufficiently smaller than the burnt soil via a spacer such as an elastic member can be exemplified, but the measure is not limited thereto.

Further, the storage tank 6 in the present device 1 is mainly used for adjustment purposes for storing the water purified by the burnt soil filling tank, arranging the water supply member, and stably returning the water to the breeding tank 2. It is a tank used. Since the storage tank itself is suitable for adjustment, it can be omitted in some cases.

The water supply member is generally a machine tool, and during its operation, a power sound of a motor or the like is generated. This power noise can often be stressful to aquatic animals. Therefore, in the present device 1, by providing the water supply member in the storage tank, the stress on the aquatic animals can be reduced, and a low load environment can be provided.

The structure of the storage tank 6 is not limited as long as a predetermined amount of water can be stored, and can have the same structure as the above-mentioned breeding tank. In particular, since the storage tank 6 itself is not intended for ornamental purposes, it may be a member whose surroundings are opaque.

Further, it is preferable that the storage tank 6 is provided with a water supply member. Here, the water supply member can form a flow with respect to water, more specifically, a flow for pushing out water, and for example, a water supply pump can be exemplified. By providing the water supply member, it is possible to stably supply water into the breeding tank 2 even when the storage tank 6 is provided at a low position. The water sent by this water supply member is returned to the breeding tank through the rear portion 52 of the second pipe. Further, the water supply member is generally arranged in a tank such as a storage tank 6 to send out the water in the tank, but a so-called in-line pump or the like that does not require a tank can also be adopted.

In addition, it is preferable to adopt a configuration that generates nanobubbles in the middle of the flow of water returning from the breeding tank to the breeding tank, and more specifically, in the middle of the flow of water returning to the breeding tank by the second pipe. It is preferable to provide a nanobubble generator. This has the effect of stably securing the oxygen concentration in water in a high state.

Here, the water purification action / operation of the present device 1 will be described.

First, it is preferable to spread the burnt soil on the bottom of the breeding tank, then fill it with water, put aquatic animals in the water, and breed them. In addition, the burnt soil filling tank is filled with burnt soil, and water is added to a predetermined height. When the water surface reaches the height of the drainage port of the breeding tank, the heights of the two tanks are adjusted so that the water is discharged to the soil filling tank via the first pipe.

First, in the breeding tank, organic matter such as dung and ammonia are discharged by the activity of aquatic animals. This organic matter is decomposed into inorganic substances such as phosphoric acid and ammonia by microorganisms in water. The decomposed phosphoric acid and ammonia come into contact with the burnt soil spread at the bottom of the breeding tank along with the flow of water.

When phosphoric acid or ammonia comes into contact with the burnt soil, it is first adsorbed in the pores of the burnt soil, and ammonia is converted to nitrite and nitrate by aerobic microorganisms attached to the pores of the burnt soil and the surface. Furthermore, the side of the burnt soil in the breeding tank closer to the bottom is in an anaerobic state, and in the anaerobic state, nitric acid is converted to nitrogen by anaerobic microorganisms adhering to the burnt soil. That is, a part of phosphoric acid and ammonia generated in the breeding tank is adsorbed or reduced to nitrogen. Potassium, which is necessary for growing plants in the latter stage, is contained in water filled at any time, in aquatic animal droppings and in food, and a sufficient amount is constantly supplied and circulated by normal operation.

On the other hand, excess phosphoric acid, ammonia, nitrite, nitric acid, potassium, organic substances, etc. that cannot be treated by the burnt soil in the breeding tank are sent to the next burnt soil filling tank.

The remaining phosphoric acid, ammonia, nitrite, nitric acid, potassium, organic substances, etc. sent to the burnt soil filling tank are decomposed, oxidized, adsorbed or reduced to nitrogen in the same manner as the action of the burnt soil. On the other hand, plants are planted in the burnt soil filling tank, and excess phosphate, nitrate, ammonia and nitrogen, potassium and the like are absorbed by the plants. As a result, phosphates, nitrogen compounds and potassium are sufficiently reduced.

Further, the burnt soil filling tank is filled with burnt soil, and the water from the burnt soil filling tank is sent to the storage tank through a discharge port or the like at a height below the soil surface from the bottom.

Then, the water in which the above components are sufficiently reduced is stored in the storage tank, and is returned to the breeding tank again by a water supply member such as a pump.

That is, with the above configuration, it is possible to cultivate using a medium such as soil, and it becomes a circulation type breeding and cultivating apparatus that can make more effective use of the place.

In this embodiment, an example in which the burnt soil is spread on the bottom of the breeding tank 2 is shown, but if the soil can be sufficiently purified by the burnt soil filling tank, the burnt soil is spread on the bottom of the breeding tank 2. It is also possible not to spread the spread.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of a breeding device (hereinafter referred to as “the device”) 1 according to the present embodiment. Each element of the present breeding apparatus is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the hydroponic cultivation tank 7 is provided at an intermediate position of the second pipe 5. The storage tank 6 is provided after the hydroponic cultivation tank 7.

The hydroponic cultivation tank 7 in the present device 1 is a tank capable of hydroponic cultivation of plants, and is not limited as long as it can be filled with water, and the same configuration as the above cultivation tank can be adopted. can.

In this device 1, plants can be cultivated by burning soil, and hydroponics can be cultivated in a hydroponic cultivation tank. Specifically, in the burnt soil portion, plants that bear flowers and fruits can be mainly cultivated, and in the hydroponic cultivation portion, the above-mentioned plants that do not mainly produce flowers and fruits, such as leafy vegetables, can be mainly cultivated. .. This is because in the burnt soil filling tank (burnt soil portion), a large amount of phosphoric acid, which is important for fruiting of flowers and fruits, is present, so that plants that bear fruit of flowers and fruits can be preferably cultivated. On the other hand, in the hydroponic cultivation tank (hydroponic cultivation part), phosphoric acid is already sufficiently consumed or adsorbed in the burnt soil part, so that the growth of algae can be suppressed in the hydroponic cultivation and it is not possible. It is possible to suppress the necessary fruiting and cultivate leafy vegetables and the like more efficiently. The plant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include lettuce, mint, arugula, and parsley.

Further, it is preferable that the bottom of the hydroponic cultivation tank 7 in the present apparatus 1 is covered with burnt soil as in the above breeding tank. By doing so, it becomes possible to further adsorb the remaining ammonia, phosphoric acid and the like.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an outline of a breeding device (hereinafter referred to as “the device”) 1 according to the present embodiment. Each element of the present breeding apparatus is the same as that of the second embodiment, except that a storage tank is provided in the middle of the second pipe 5, and then a plurality of hydroponic cultivation tanks are further provided in multiple stages. By doing so, it is possible to provide a large number of hydroponic breeding tanks while reducing the number of breeding tanks and burnt soil filling tanks. In particular, by providing a storage tank, it is possible to stably manage the quality of water supplied to a large number of hydroponic cultivation tanks.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of a breeding device (hereinafter referred to as “the device”) 1 according to the present embodiment. Each element of the present breeding apparatus is almost the same as that of the third embodiment, except that the positions of the storage tank and the hydroponic cultivation tank are reversed. By doing so, it is possible to provide a large number of hydroponic breeding tanks while reducing the number of breeding tanks and burnt soil filling tanks as in the third embodiment.

Here, the breeding device according to the above embodiment was actually manufactured, and its effect was confirmed. This will be described in detail below.

First, three glass water tanks with a width of 60 cm, a depth of 30 cm, and a height of 40 cm were prepared, and in the first tank, about 5 cm was partially vitrified and the average particle size was about 1.5 mm. Co., Ltd.) was spread and filled with water by about 30 cm to form a breeding tank. In the second tank, the suction port of the second pipe was arranged at the lower part, an elastic member was arranged around the suction port, and the burnt soil was filled up to the upper end of the tank to form a soil filling tank. The third tank was covered with the above-mentioned burnt soil about 3 cm, filled with water up to the upper end, and a promulgation styrene panel having a large number of holes with a diameter of about 3 cm was floated and arranged to form a hydroponic cultivation tank. Further, as the storage tank, a plastic vessel having a width of 30 cm, a depth of 30 cm, and a height of about 30 cm was used as the storage tank. The first pipe was placed between the breeding tank and the soil filling tank. In addition, pipes (second pipes) are connected between the burnt soil filling tank and the hydroponic cultivation tank, between the hydroponic cultivation tank and the storage tank, and between the storage tank and the breeding tank to form a circulation route. It was to so. The first pipe was arranged so that the suction port was located at the lower part of the first tank (breeding tank) and the discharge port was located slightly below the upper end. In addition, the burnt soil filling tank and hydroponics were arranged so that the discharge port came from the lower part of the burnt soil filling tank to a position slightly below the upper end as described above. Further, in the hydroponic cultivation tank, a suction port is arranged near the water surface so that the suction port is discharged to a storage tank located below these three tanks. In addition, a submersible pump was placed in the storage tank so that water could be supplied to the breeding tank again.

Then, based on the above configuration, 12 honmoroko were bred in a breeding tank, kumquat and viola were cultivated in a burnt soil filling tank, and mint and arugula were cultivated in a hydroponic cultivation tank.

Even after 6 months have passed from the above, there is no inconvenience in water change and burnt soil, and in particular, algae growth is hardly observed in the burnt soil filling tank and the hydroponic cultivation tank, and aquatic animals are bred in a space-saving manner. , It was confirmed that plant cultivation and hydroponics using soil can be performed with one system.

The present invention has industrial applicability as a circulation type breeding and cultivation device.

Claims (4)

A breeding tank for breeding aquatic animals and
By sintering clay containing silicon dioxide, nanometer-order pores capable of adsorbing at least one of oxygen, phosphoric acid, ammonia, nitrite, and nitric acid, and micrometer-order fine particles on which microorganisms can settle. A clay filling tank filled with burnt soil having an average particle size of 5 mm or less with holes formed in it.
A first pipe for sending water in the breeding tank from the breeding tank to the burnt soil filling tank, and
A second pipe that sends water from the burnt soil filling tank to the breeding tank,
A circulation type breeding and cultivation device provided with a storage tank for storing water arranged at an intermediate position of the second pipe .
The breeding layer has burnt soil spread on the bottom.
The suction port of the second pipe is arranged in the lowest layer of the burnt soil filling layer in which the spacer of the elastic member is arranged.
A circulation type breeding and cultivation device in which the height of the discharge port of the second pipe in the burnt soil filling tank is higher than the bottom and below the soil surface of the burnt soil in a state of being in contact with atmospheric pressure. The circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a hydroponic cultivation tank for performing hydroponic cultivation at an intermediate position of the second pipe. The circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the burnt soil filling tank is further provided with a cultivation pot filled with the burnt soil. The circulation type breeding and cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water supply member is provided in the storage tank.

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