JP6946602B2 - spacer - Google Patents

Description

According to the present invention, when a precast wall material is installed using reinforcing materials erected on both side ends of a deck of a road bridge, the inner wall surface of a through hole provided in the precast wall balustrade and the reinforcing material It relates to a spacer used to secure an appropriate gap between the outer peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

Road bridges are provided with protective fences and walls to prevent vehicles from deviating from the road surface and falling. The guard fence has, for example, a steel structure in which columns are erected at appropriate intervals and a plurality of rails are arranged in the horizontal direction. The protective wall has, for example, a concrete structure in which a continuous wall is erected on the ground cover. As for the protective wall of the concrete structure, it is common to assemble the reinforcing bars and formwork on site and cast concrete.

For the purpose of shortening the construction period, there is also a method of manufacturing a precast member at a factory, bringing it to the site, and joining it with the side end of the deck to construct a guard fence. As a joining method in this case, a continuous fiber reinforcing material is erected upright at the side end of the floor slab with a sufficient fixing length, and a precast wall material having a through hole capable of accommodating the continuous fiber reinforcing material is carried in. Then, with the continuous fiber reinforced concrete erected at the side end of the floor slab inserted into the through hole, adjust the height of the precast wall material on the side end of the floor slab via a filler or the like. There is known a method of installing and filling a gap in a through hole in which a continuous fiber reinforcing material is housed with a cement-based filler (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-160690

Here, the cement-based filler is constantly filled between the outer peripheral surface of the continuous fiber reinforcing material protruding from the upper surface of the side end portion of the deck and the inner wall surface of the through hole of the precast wall material. It is necessary to secure a gap between the two. Therefore, a spacer is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the continuous fiber reinforcing material and the inner wall surface of the through hole of the precast wall material.

As the spacer, a donut-shaped spacer or the like is typically used. However, if a donut-shaped spacer is attached to the continuous fiber reinforcing material arranged in the vertical direction, the precast wall material is lowered and installed while inserting a through hole into the continuous fiber reinforcing material erected at the side end of the deck. When the inner wall of the through hole comes into contact with the spacer and a downward force is applied to the spacer, the spacer may be displaced downward from the original mounting position. When the spacer is displaced downward, the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the upper part of the continuous fiber reinforcing material and the inner wall surface of the through hole tends to vary.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to prevent the reinforcing material from being displaced downward due to pressure from above by being attached to the reinforcing material with a high resistance to sliding in the axial direction. The purpose is to provide a spacer that can be used.

In order to achieve the above object, the spacer according to one embodiment of the present invention is a rod-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing material erected on a floor slab and the penetration of a precast wall material having a through hole for accommodating the continuous fiber reinforcing material. Spacers used to secure a gap between the inner wall surface of the hole and a base integrally formed of spring steel and a pair of legs extending in an inverted V shape on the base. The pair of legs are configured so that the inverted V-shaped opening angle can be changed by elastic deformation, and each of the pair of legs is reinforced with one continuous fiber housed in the through hole. The notch portion that can be engaged with the material is provided, the notch portion of each of the pair of legs has a holding region and an introduction region, and the holding region has a first position in which the pair of legs is predetermined. The introduction region is configured such that a holding space for penetrating and holding the one reinforcing material is formed when the pair of legs is at the opening angle of the first leg. To form an introduction space in which the one continuous fiber reinforcing material can be introduced into the holding region from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the reinforcing material when it is at a small predetermined second open leg angle. It is composed of.

In this spacer, the open leg angle of the two legs is reduced from the first angle to the second angle by elastic deformation, so that one open surface of the penetrating space can introduce a reinforcing material into the penetrating space in the radial direction. By switching the size, the worker can easily attach the spacer to the reinforcing material with one hand. Further, by introducing a reinforcing material into the penetrating space, the leg opening angles of the two legs are fixed to a third angle between the first angle and the second angle, so that the elastic force of the spacer causes The reinforcing material is held in a state of being sandwiched from the radial direction by the four end faces of the notches of the two legs. For this reason, the spacer is attached to the reinforcing material with high resistance to sliding in the axial direction, and the precast wall material is lowered and installed while inserting a through hole into the reinforcing material erected at the side end of the deck. Even if the inner wall of the through hole comes into contact with the spacer and a downward force is applied to the spacer, the spacer can be prevented from being displaced downward from the original mounting position.

Further, the base portion may have a leaf spring structure having a curved surface shape. As a result, the entire base and the two legs can be elastically deformed, and the overall toughness is increased.

The spacers of the present invention can be attached to the reinforcing material of the precast wall material with high resistance to axial slippage. As a result, when the precast wall material is lowered and installed while inserting the through hole into the reinforcing material erected at the side end of the deck, the inner wall of the through hole comes into contact with the spacer and a downward force is applied to the spacer. Even so, it is possible to prevent the spacer from shifting downward from the original mounting position. In addition, the installation work is easy and the construction period can be shortened.

It is a vertical cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the precast wall balustrade according to one Embodiment of this invention from the bridge axis direction. It is a vertical cross-sectional view which shows the installation process of the precast wall balustrade of FIG. It is also a vertical cross-sectional view showing the installation process of the precast wall balustrade. It is also a vertical cross-sectional view showing the installation process of the precast wall balustrade. It is also a vertical cross-sectional view showing the installation process of the precast wall balustrade. It is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view which shows the continuous fiber reinforcing material and a spacer in the through hole of the precast wall material in the precast wall balustrade of FIG. It is a perspective view of the spacer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which looked at the spacer of FIG. 7 from the OY direction. It is a top view of the spacer of FIG. 7 seen from the ZO direction. It is a side view which looked at the spacer of FIG. 7 from the XO direction. It is a side view before introducing the continuous fiber reinforcing material into the through space of a spacer. It is a side view at the time of introducing the continuous fiber reinforcing material into the through space of a spacer 10. It is a side view after introducing the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 into the space through which a spacer 10.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, when the precast wall material is installed using the continuous fiber reinforcing material erected at the side ends on both sides of the floor slab of the road bridge as the reinforcing material, the through hole provided in the precast wall balustrade is provided. It relates to a spacer used to secure an appropriate gap between an inner wall surface and an outer peripheral surface of a continuous fiber reinforcing material.

First, the structure of the precast wall balustrade, to which the spacer is used, will be described.
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a precast wall railroad column 1 which is a road bridge guard fence according to an embodiment of the present invention from the direction of the bridge axis.

As shown in the figure, the upper surface 2c of the side end portions 2a on both sides of the floor slab 2 of the road bridge is used as a reinforcing material for the precast wall railing column 1 erected on the side end portions 2a of the deck slab 2. The continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 of the above is erected upright. On the other hand, the precast wall material 4 has a through hole 4a capable of individually accommodating the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, and is erected so as to accommodate the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 in the through hole 4a. Then, the cement-based filler 5 having high fluidity is filled in each through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4.

(About floor slab 2 and continuous fiber reinforcing material 3)
The floor slab 2 is made of a concrete-based material such as precast concrete or cast-in-place reinforced concrete.

For the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, for example, a composite material in which at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber and glass fiber is combined with at least one of epoxy resin and vinyl ester resin is used. The continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is lighter in weight and has higher tensile strength than steel materials such as reinforcing bars, and has excellent corrosion resistance against moisture and salt.

The continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 can be used in any shape by bending molding. In the present embodiment, for example, a stranded continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 having a diameter of 17.2 mm, which is formed by twisting a plurality of strands around one core material at a predetermined pitch, is bent and molded into a U shape. Is used. In the U-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, the lower folded portion 3a in the U-shape is embedded in the concrete of the floor slab 2 and integrated. The two upper upright portions 3b of the U-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 are projected from the upper surface 2c of the side end portion 2a of the deck 2 at a predetermined distance in the width direction. Instead of the U-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, for example, two L-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing materials may be combined to form the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 similar to the present embodiment. Further, the tip of the floor slab 2 embedded in the concrete is fixed with protrusions or the like to secure the required fixing strength, and two straight continuous fiber reinforcing materials are combined to reinforce the continuous fiber as in the present embodiment. Material 3 may be constructed.

(About precast wall material 4)
On the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2, a precast wall material 4 which is a wall material made of precast concrete is filled in a portion of a gap 6a for finely adjusting the installation position of the precast wall material 4 itself. It is installed via a filler 6 such as non-shrink mortar or resin adhesive and a jig for fine adjustment (not shown).

The precast wall material 4 has a through hole 4a capable of individually accommodating each continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 erected on the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2, and the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is accommodated in the through hole 4a. In this state, the floor slab 2 is installed on the side end portion 2a via a filler 6 and a height adjusting jig (not shown). The cement-based filler 5 is filled in the through hole 4a in which the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is housed. As the cement-based filler 5 filled in the through hole 4a, a mortar having high strength, high fluidity, and fast strength is used. By using such a cement-based filler 5, the construction period can be shortened and the fixing strength of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 in the through hole 4a can be improved.

The inner diameter of the through hole 4a is selected so that an appropriate clearance is secured between the inner diameter of the through hole 4a and the outer peripheral surface of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 and the cement-based filler 5 is evenly filled in the through hole 4a. In this embodiment, for example, it is set to about 40 mm.

Since the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 has excellent corrosion resistance against moisture, salt, etc., the thickness from the outer wall surface of the precast wall material 4 to the through hole 4a is such that the progress of corrosion of the reinforcing bars in the concrete is reduced. It is not necessary to consider the cover thickness, etc., which is determined by. In this embodiment, the cover thickness, which was required to be about 70 m in the conventional method, is, for example, about 30 mm.

A gap 6a is provided between the side end portion 2a of the deck 2 and the joint surfaces 2c and 4c of the precast wall material 4 to enable fine adjustment of the installation position of the precast wall material 4. After fine adjustment, the void 6a is filled with a filler 6 such as a non-shrink mortar or a resin adhesive. The distance between the side end 2a of the deck 2 and the joint surfaces 2c and 4c of the precast wall material 4 is determined by using a height adjustment fitting (not shown) such as a liner plate or hard rubber. Fine-tuned. The fine adjustment of the installation position of the precast wall material 4 is a fine adjustment for aligning the height and the position of the upper end surface of each block of the precast wall material 4 continuous in the bridge axis direction in the width direction. Fine adjustment of the height is performed using a height adjustment fitting (not shown) such as a liner plate or hard rubber, and fine adjustment for aligning the position in the width direction is performed in the above gap 6a. This is done by slightly bending the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 at the portion according to the adjustment position of the precast wall material 4.

(About shear reinforcement)
In order to reinforce the joint between the side end 2a of the deck 2 and the filler 6 such as non-shrink mortar, the first shear key 2b is placed on the upper surface (joint surface 2c) of the side end 2a of the deck 2. Is projected.

Further, for shear reinforcement between the precast wall material 4 and the filler 6 such as the non-shrink mortar, the non-shrink mortar filled in the gap 6a between the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2 and the precast wall material 4 A shear key forming chamber 4b is provided on the joint surface 4c of the precast wall material 4 so that the second shear key 6b is formed by the filler 6 of the precast wall material 4.

By these shear reinforcements, when the precast wall material 4 receives an external pressure in the horizontal direction, the external pressure can be transmitted to the side end portion 2a of the deck 2, and the side end portion 2a of the deck 2 and the precast wall can be transmitted. It is possible to avoid breakage at the joint portions of the materials 4.

(Installation method of precast wall balustrade)
Next, the installation method of the precast wall balustrade according to the present embodiment will be described.
It is assumed that precast concrete is used as the concrete material for the floor slab 2. In this case, the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is integrally provided at the time of manufacturing the precast concrete of the floor slab 2 in the precast concrete factory, and is carried to the site and installed. When the floor slab 2 is cast-in-place concrete, the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 may be arranged before the concrete is placed in the floor slab 2.

2 to 5 are views showing a process of installing the precast wall material 4 on the installed floor slab 2.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the precast wall material 4 lifted by a crane or the like is placed below the through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4 by the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 erected at the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2. The precast wall material 4 is placed on the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2 via the gap 6a as shown in FIG. At this time, fine adjustment for aligning the height of the upper end surface of each block of the precast wall material 4 continuous in the bridge axis direction using a height adjustment jig (not shown) such as a liner plate or hard rubber. Is done. Similarly, fine adjustments are made to align the positions of the blocks in the width direction.

After the fine adjustment is completed, as shown in FIG. 4, the void 6a is filled with the filler 6 such as non-shrink mortar. At this time, the second shear key 6b is obtained by filling the shear key forming chamber 4b provided in the joint surface 4c of the precast wall material 4 with the filler 6.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, each through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4 is filled with the cement-based filler 5. The cement-based filler 5 is filled with the cement-based filler 5 from the upper opening of the through-hole 4a of the precast wall material 4 because each through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4 is bored in the direction of gravity. It is done by injecting. As a result, the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 can be stably fixed in the through hole 4a.
This completes the installation of the precast wall railing column 1, which is a road bridge guard fence.

[spacer]
Next, the spacer of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, a cement-based filler is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 protruding from the upper surface of the side end portion 2a of the deck 2 and the inner wall surface of the through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4. A constant gap is secured by the spacer 10 so that 5 is uniformly filled.

7 is a perspective view of the spacer 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a side view of the spacer 10 of FIG. 7 as viewed from the OY direction, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the spacer 10 of FIG. 7 from the ZO direction. The top view and FIG. 10 are side views of the spacer 10 of FIG. 7 as viewed from the XO direction.

The spacer 10 of the present embodiment is manufactured from a spring steel material such as a spring steel plate by bending or the like. The spacer 10 is composed of a base 11 and two legs 12 and 13. The base portion 11 has a leaf spring structure having a curved surface shape, and has, for example, a substantially semicircular arc-shaped cross section. The two legs 12 and 13 extend in contrast to both arc ends of the base 11 in the X-axis direction. The open leg angles A of the two legs 12 and 13 can be changed from the first angle (for example, 110 degrees) by elastic deformation. When the tip portions 12a and 13b of the two legs 12 and 13 are pressed simultaneously in the direction of approaching each other, the spacer 10 is elastically deformed as a whole so that the leg opening angle A is reduced, and when the pressing is released, the original opening is performed. It is designed to return to the leg angle A.

At the tip portions 12a and 13b on the side of the two legs 12 and 13 separated from the base 11, the worker sandwiches the spacer 10 with his fingers to reduce the leg opening angles A of the two legs 12 and 13. It is bent at an appropriate angle so that it can easily receive the force from the finger when it is elastically deformed in the direction of bending.

Further, the pair of legs 12 and 13 each penetrate a second direction (X-axis direction) corresponding to the axial direction of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 and are orthogonal to the first direction. Notches 121 and 131 are provided to form a through space in which one surface in the direction (Y-axis direction) is open. As shown in the side views of FIGS. 9 and 10, the cutout portions 121 and 131 include holding regions 122 and 132 forming a holding space for holding the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 and the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3. Introductory regions 123 and 133 that form an introduction space for introduction into the holding space are provided in the second direction (Y-axis direction) which is the radial direction thereof. That is, the entire through space penetrating in the first direction (X-axis direction) is composed of the holding space formed by the holding areas 122 and 132 and the introduction space formed by the introduction areas 123 and 133.

The "space" such as the through space, the holding space, and the introduction space means a three-dimensional space, and the "region" such as the holding area and the introduction area means a two-dimensional space.

11, 12, and 13 are side views for explaining the operation when the spacer 10 is attached to the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, and are particularly formed by the opening leg angle A of the spacer 10 and the notches 121 and 131. It is a figure which showed the relationship with the penetration space (holding space, introduction space) to be done.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state before the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is introduced into the through space (introduction space) of the spacer 10. Let A1 (first angle) be the open leg angle of the two legs 12 and 13 before introducing the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 into the through space of the spacer 10. In this state, in the through space formed by the cutout portions 121 and 131 of the two leg portions 12 and 13, the width Z1 of the introduction space formed by the introduction regions 123 and 133 in the Z-axis direction is the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3. Is less than the diameter d.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the leg opening angle is changed from A1 to, for example, A2 (second angle) by simultaneously pressing the tip portions 12a and 12b of the two leg portions 12 and 13 in the directions of approaching each other. The spacer 10 is elastically deformed as a whole so as to be reduced. When the spacer 10 is elastically deformed in this way, the width Z1 of the introduction space formed by the introduction regions 123 and 133 of the notch portions 121 and 131 of the two leg portions 12 and 13 in the Z-axis direction becomes the continuous fiber reinforcing material. It expands to a value larger than the diameter d of 3, and the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 can be introduced into the holding space formed by the holding regions 122 and 132 through the introduction space.

When the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is introduced as it is into the holding space formed by the holding regions 122 and 132 of the notch portions 121 and 131 of the two leg portions 12 and 13, or immediately before the holding space, the two leg portions 12 and When the pressure of 13 is released (when the operator releases the finger from the spacer 10), as shown in FIG. 13, the leg opening angles of the two legs 12 and 13 are changed from A2 to A3 (third) due to the elastic force of the spacer 10. Extends to).

Here, the relationship between the introduction space and the holding space in the penetrating space will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the width Z2 of the holding space formed by the holding regions 122 and 132 in the Z-axis direction is the same as the width Z1 of the introduction space formed by the introduction regions 123 and 133 in the Z-axis direction. It changes according to the opening angle A of the two legs 12 and 13. At the opening angles A1, A2, and A3 of the two legs 12, 13, the width Z2 of the holding space formed by the holding regions 122 and 132 in the Z-axis direction is the Z of the introduction space formed by the introduction regions 123 and 133. The width is larger than the axial width Z1, and the difference is that the tip position P2 of the holding areas 122 and 123 on the opposite side of the base 11 is further larger than the tip position P1 of the introduction area 123 and 133 on the opposite side of the base 11. Given by being extended earlier.

Due to the relationship between the introduction space and the holding space, when the pressing force in the direction in which the tip portions 12a and 13a of the two legs 12 and 13 are brought closer to each other is released, the elastic force of the spacer 10 causes the two legs. The leg opening angles of the legs 12 and 13 increase from A2 to A3. Here, the relationship between the open leg angles A1, A2, and A3 is A1> A3> A2. Therefore, in a state where the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is held in the holding space formed by the holding regions 122 and 132, the elastic force of the spacer 10 acts, and the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 is divided into two from the radial direction by this elastic force. It is held in the holding space in a state of being sandwiched between the legs 12 and 13. In addition, in the spacer 10, a total of four end faces E1, E2, E3, and E4 of the cutout portions 121 and 131 come into contact with four points displaced in the axial direction on the peripheral surface of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3, and the continuous fiber Holds the reinforcing material 3.

From the above, the spacer 10 of the present embodiment is attached to the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 with a high resistance to sliding in the axial direction thereof. As a result, when the precast wall material 4 is lowered and installed while the through hole 4a is inserted into the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 erected at the side end portion 2a of the floor slab 2, the inner wall of the through hole 4a comes into contact with the spacer 10. Therefore, even if a downward force is applied to the spacer 10, it is possible to prevent the spacer 10 from being displaced downward from the original mounting position. By not shifting the mounting position of the spacer 10, it is possible to secure a predetermined gap between the mounting position of the spacer 10 and the inner wall surface of the through hole 4a of the precast wall material 4 over the entire length of the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3.

Further, the spacer 10 of the present embodiment can be easily attached to and detached from the continuous fiber reinforcing material 3 by an operator with one hand. This can also contribute to shortening the construction period.

As described above, by using the spacer 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to shorten the construction period of the installation work of the precast wall balustrade and improve the construction quality.

Although the embodiment of the spacer according to the present invention has been described above, the spacer of the present invention is not limited to the one attached to the continuous fiber reinforcing material, and for example, various types of spacers capable of reinforcing the precast wall material. It can be attached to a reinforcing material.

The spacer according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified and used within the range described in the claims.

2 ... Floor slab 2a ... Side end 3 ... Continuous fiber reinforcement 4 ... Precast wall material 4a ... Through hole 5 ... Cement-based filler 5
10 ... Spacer 11 ... Base 12, 13 ... Leg 121, 131 ... Notch

Claims (2)

It is a spacer used to secure a gap between a rod-shaped continuous fiber reinforcing material erected on a deck and an inner wall surface of the through hole of a precast wall material having a through hole for accommodating the continuous fiber reinforcing material. hand,
Each has a base integrally formed of a spring steel material and a pair of legs extending in an inverted V shape at the base.
The pair of legs are configured so that the inverted V-shaped opening angle can be changed by elastic deformation.
Each of the pair of legs has a notch that can engage with one continuous fiber reinforcement housed in the through hole.
The notch of each of the pair of legs has a holding region and an introduction region.
The holding region is configured to form a holding space for penetrating and holding the one reinforcing member when the pair of legs are at a predetermined first leg opening angle.
In the introduction region, when the pair of legs are at a predetermined second leg opening angle smaller than the first leg opening angle, the one continuous fiber reinforcing material is orthogonal to the axial direction of the reinforcing material. A spacer configured to form an introduction space that can be introduced into the holding region from the direction in which it is applied. The spacer according to claim 1.
The base is a spacer having a leaf spring structure having a curved surface shape.

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