JP6922943B2 - Electronic musical instruments, methods and programs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to electronic musical instruments, methods and programs.

Conventionally, various techniques have been developed for reproducing the sound of musical instruments having strings, including acoustic pianos and guitars, in electronic musical instruments. Musical instruments equipped with strings not only produce normal musical instrument sounds, but also generate sounds in which the strings come into contact with other objects. Therefore, attempts have been made to reproduce such contact sounds even in electronic musical instruments. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reproducing the sound of a damper coming into contact with a vibrating string when an acoustic piano is released.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-154394

However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, only the same monotonous contact sound is always reproduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument, a method and a program that satisfactorily reproduce the contact sound generated when playing an acoustic musical instrument.

An electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, which achieves the above object, inputs first waveform data to a first waveform generator based on a user operation, and has a certain clipping level of the first waveform data. It is output in response to the first process of inputting the second waveform data in which the waveform data corresponding to the portion exceeding the above is reversed to the second waveform generator to the second waveform generator and the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator. A second process of mixing the first output data and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator is executed.

According to the present invention, the contact sound generated when playing an acoustic musical instrument can be satisfactorily reproduced.

It is a figure for demonstrating the contact sound generated in an acoustic piano. It is a figure for demonstrating the comparative example in which the contact sound generated in an acoustic piano is not reproduced, and the Example of this invention in which a contact sound is reproduced. It is a figure for demonstrating the contact sound generated in a guitar. It is a figure for demonstrating the comparative example in which the contact sound generated in a guitar is not reproduced, and the Example of this invention in which a contact sound is reproduced. It is a figure which shows an example of the appearance of the electronic musical instrument which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware structure of an electronic musical instrument. It is a figure for demonstrating the normal waveform and the difference waveform. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the sound source LSI. It is a figure for demonstrating the addition processing of a normal waveform and a difference waveform. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a flowchart which shows the process process of a CPU. It is a subroutine flowchart which shows the procedure of the sound source LSI control processing of step S108 of FIG.

Hereinafter, the principle of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings, and then an embodiment based on the principle of the present invention will be described. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. In addition, the ratio of dimensions in the drawings is exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratio.

[Principle of invention]
First, in a musical instrument having strings, the cause of the contact sound generated when the strings come into contact with another object and the output image of the waveform including the contact sound will be described.

FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining a contact sound generated in an acoustic piano. FIG. 1B is an output image diagram (comparative example) of a waveform not including a contact sound generated in an acoustic piano and an output image diagram (first embodiment) of a waveform including a contact sound.

In the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A, when the key 110 is released, the damper 120 comes into contact with the string 130, and the vibration of the string 130 is attenuated. Although the felt used in the damper 120 is made of a soft material, it gives the string 130 a much greater resistance than air, so when the damper 120 comes into contact with the string 130, the vibration of the string 130 is irregular. It attenuates to and a contact sound is generated. While the amplitude of the string 130 is large, the damper 120 is flipped (jumped up) by the string 130 and cannot be in contact with the string 130 for a long time. However, as the amplitude of the string 130 decreases with the passage of time, the time for the damper 120 to contact the string 130 becomes longer, and the contact sound is emphasized among the sounds being pronounced.

In an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the sound of the acoustic piano 100, as shown in the upper figure (comparative example) of FIG. 1B, the sound level at the time of key release, that is, the amplitude of the waveform is an envelope of the amplitude of the string 130 at the time of key release. It is controlled to change over time according to the envelope that reproduces the line. However, in the conventional electronic musical instrument, the time change of the contact sound as described above is not reproduced. Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment, as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 1B (the first embodiment of the present invention), a threshold value indicating the threshold value for the generation of the contact sound is set, and the amplitude envelope of the waveform is the threshold value envelope. When the value exceeds, the amplitude of the waveform is limited and the contact sound is controlled to be generated. As a result, a distorted sound corresponding to the waveform with limited amplitude is generated as a sound simulating the contact sound. For example, the amplitude of the waveform with respect to the sound of the acoustic piano 100 when the key is released is controlled so as to be greatly limited with the passage of time. Then, the distorted sound as the contact sound is controlled to be emphasized more as the period k1, the period k2, and the period k3 progress as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 1B (the broken line of the broken line indicating the threshold amplitude). The difference value between the value and the solid line value indicating the amplitude envelope gradually increases as the period k1, the period k2, and the period k3 progress, whereby the amplitude of the waveform is greatly suppressed with the passage of time. The contact sound, which is a distorted sound, is emphasized over time). Therefore, in the acoustic piano 100, the contact sound between the damper 120 and the string 130 generated when the key is released can be reproduced satisfactorily.

FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining a contact sound generated in a guitar. FIG. 2B is an output image diagram (comparative example) of a waveform not including the contact sound generated in the guitar and an output image diagram (second embodiment) of the waveform including the contact sound.

Even in a plucked string instrument such as a guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A, a contact sound is generated when the performer's finger F is separated from the string 210. More specifically, while the finger F is holding the string 210, the string 210 vibrates with the fret 220 as a fulcrum, so that no contact sound is generated. However, when the finger F begins to move away from the fret 220, the fulcrum of the string 210 moves from the fret 220 to the finger F, the string 210 vibrates with the finger F as the fulcrum, and the string 210 vibrates with the fret 220 or the like. When it comes in contact with, a contact sound is generated. Therefore, unlike the acoustic piano 100, the guitar 200 starts to hear the contact sound immediately after the string is released. Then, as the amplitude of the string 210 becomes smaller or the finger F moves away from the fret 220 with the passage of time, the contact sound becomes harder to hear.

In an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the sound of the guitar 200, as shown in the upper figure of FIG. 2B, the sound level at the time of key release, that is, the amplitude of the waveform is an envelope that reproduces the envelope of the amplitude of the string 210 at the time of string release. It is controlled to change with the passage of time. More specifically, the amplitude of the waveform increases with the passage of time in the period k4 immediately after the release of the electronic musical instrument, which corresponds to immediately after the release of the guitar 200, and in the subsequent periods k5 and k6. It is controlled to decay over time. Then, the threshold envelope is set as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 2B, for example. The distorted sound as a contact sound is emphasized with the passage of time in the period k4 (because the difference value between the broken line value of the broken line and the solid line value of the solid line gradually increases), and in the period k5, the time elapses. On the contrary, it is weakened (because the difference value between the broken line value of the broken line and the solid line value of the solid line gradually becomes smaller), and the contact sound is controlled so as not to be heard during the period k6 (the solid line value becomes the broken line value). Because it has not been reached). As a result, in the guitar 200, the contact sound generated by the string 210 coming into contact with the frets or the like when the strings are released can be reproduced satisfactorily.

Hereinafter, the configuration and processing of an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the contact sound as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment of the Invention]
(composition)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a normal waveform and a difference waveform.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the electronic instrument 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 310, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 320, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 330, a switch panel 340, an LCD (liquid crystal display) 350, and the like. It includes a keyboard 360, a sound source LSI (large-scale integrated circuit) 370, a D / A converter 380, an amplifier 385, and a timer counter 390. Each of the CPU 310, RAM 320, ROM 330 and sound source LSI 370 is connected to the bus 395. Further, each of the switch panel 340, the LCD 350, and the keyboard 360 is connected to the bus 395 via each of the I / O interface 345, the LCD controller 355, and the key scanner 365.

The CPU 310 as a processor executes control of each component described above, various arithmetic processes, and the like according to a program. The RAM 320 temporarily stores programs, data, and the like as a work area.

The ROM 330 as a memory includes a program area and a data area, and stores various programs and various data in advance. The ROM 330 stores a plurality of waveform data corresponding to a plurality of musical instrument sounds, for example, as a waveform memory.

More specifically, the ROM 330 provides the first waveform data of the normal waveform and the second waveform data (positive / negative inverted data) of the difference waveform as shown in FIG. 5 for the sound of the musical instrument that generates the contact sound of the strings. Remember. The normal waveform is a waveform corresponding to a normal musical instrument sound having a pitch, which does not include the contact sound of the strings. On the other hand, the difference waveform is a waveform in which a portion of the normal waveform that exceeds a certain clipping level is cut out and the portion is reversed in phase, that is, a waveform in which the sign (positive or negative) of the portion is inverted. The difference waveform is generated in advance based on the normal waveform and the clipping level set according to the envelope of the normal waveform. The clipping level may be set to a level obtained by multiplying the level indicated by the envelope of the normal waveform by a fixed ratio (for example, 90%). However, the method of setting the clipping level is not limited to the above-mentioned example, and the clipping level may change depending on the passage of time, the way of playing, and the like. The ROM 330 stores normal waveform data and does not store difference waveform data for musical instruments that do not generate string contact sounds.

Returning to FIG. 4, the switch panel 340 includes a plurality of switches 341 and accepts an operation by a user who presses each of the plurality of switches 341. The switch panel 340 includes, for example, a plurality of switches 341 corresponding to a plurality of musical instrument sounds, and accepts an operation of selecting a certain musical instrument sound from the plurality of musical instrument sounds. The I / O interface 345 monitors each of the plurality of switches 341 on the switch panel 340, and notifies the CPU 310 when it detects that each of the plurality of switches 341 is pressed.

The LCD 350 displays various information. The LCD controller 355 is an IC (integrated circuit) that controls the LCD 350.

The keyboard 360 includes a plurality of keys 361 as controls, and accepts a user's key press and key release operations as user operations. Each of the plurality of keys 361 may operate with one end of a leaf spring or the like as a fulcrum, and may be provided with a plurality of switches (contacts) that are sequentially turned on or off by pressing or releasing a key.

The key scanner 365 monitors each of the plurality of keys 361 on the keyboard 360 and detects each key pressed or released from the plurality of keys 361. When the key scanner 365 detects the key press, it detects the key number (note number) of the key 361 in which the key is pressed and the velocity at the time of key press corresponding to the key press speed, and notifies the CPU 310 of the key press. Further, when the key scanner 365 detects the key release, it detects the key number of the key 361 in which the key has been released and the velocity at the time of key release corresponding to the key release speed, and notifies the CPU 310 of the key release. The key scanner 365 may detect the velocity at the time of key press or key release by measuring the time difference in which at least two switches included in each of the plurality of keys 361 are detected on or off.

The sound source LSI 370 as a processor adopts a well-known waveform memory reading method, reads out waveform data corresponding to the musical instrument sound selected by the user from the ROM 330, processes it, and outputs it to the D / A converter 380. Details of the sound source LSI 370 will be described later with reference to FIG.

The D / A converter 380 converts the digital waveform data output from the sound source LSI 370 into an analog waveform signal and outputs it to the amplifier 385. The amplifier 385 amplifies the analog waveform signal output from the D / A converter 380 and outputs it to a speaker, an output terminal (neither shown) or the like.

The timer counter 390 includes, for example, a counter that increments the value every 1 μsec and measures the time.

The electronic musical instrument 300 may include components other than the above-mentioned components, or may not include some of the above-mentioned components.

Subsequently, the details of the sound source LSI 370 will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a sound source LSI. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the addition process of the normal waveform and the difference waveform.

As shown in FIG. 6, the sound source LSI 370 includes a plurality of (for example, 128 channels) generator sections 371 and a generator mixer 372 that mixes waveform data output from each generator section 371. Each generator section 371 is a difference including a normal channel (normal system) 373 including a normal waveform generator 3731, a normal waveform filter 3732, a normal waveform amplifier 3733, etc., and a difference waveform generator 3741, a difference waveform filter 3742, a difference waveform amplifier 3734, etc. It includes a channel (difference system) 374 and a section mixer 375 that mixes (adds) waveform data (also referred to as “output data”) in each channel. Further, each generator section 371 controls the above-mentioned components, the normal waveform filter envelope generator 3734, the normal waveform amplifier envelope generator 3735, the envelope detection unit 3736, the difference waveform filter envelope generator 3744, the envelope comparison unit 3745, and the threshold envelope. It further includes a generator 3746. In the following, as shown in FIG. 6, the envelope generator is also referred to as “EG”.

The normal waveform generator 3731 reads the normal waveform data corresponding to the musical instrument sound selected by the user from the ROM 330 at the reading speed corresponding to the key number of the pressed key 361, and the normal waveform data corresponding to the key number. To generate. The normal waveform filter 3732 controls the sound quality of the sound corresponding to the normal waveform data according to the filter envelope generated by the normal waveform filter EG3734, which indicates the time change of the cutoff frequency of the filter (for example, a low-pass filter). The normal waveform amplifier 3733 controls the sound level corresponding to the normal waveform data, that is, the amplitude of the normal waveform, according to the amplifier envelope generated by the normal waveform amplifier EG3735, which indicates the time change of the volume (level). That is, the normal waveform data is input to the normal waveform generator 3731 and output from the normal waveform amplifier 3733. The envelope detection unit 3736 includes an absolute value circuit (full-wave rectifier circuit), a low-pass filter, and the like, and detects the amplitude envelope of the waveform indicated by the normal waveform data output from the normal waveform amplifier 3733.

The difference waveform generator 3741 reads the difference waveform data corresponding to the instrument sound selected by the user from the ROM 330 at the read speed corresponding to the key number of the pressed key 361, and the difference waveform data corresponding to the key number. To generate. The difference waveform generator 3741 reads out the difference waveform data at a timing synchronized with the timing of reading the normal waveform data. The difference waveform filter 3742 controls the sound quality of the sound corresponding to the difference waveform data according to the filter envelope generated by the difference waveform filter EG3744. The difference waveform amplifier 3743 controls the sound level corresponding to the difference waveform data according to the amplifier envelope output by the envelope comparison unit 3745. In the present embodiment, the envelope comparison unit 3745 uses an amplifier envelope (multiplication coefficient) of the difference waveform based on the comparison result between the amplitude envelope of the normal waveform detected by the envelope detection unit 3736 and the threshold envelope generated by the threshold EG3746. ) Is output. Therefore, it can be said that the output value of the difference waveform amplifier 3743 is a value in which the shape of the difference waveform is adjusted based on the difference between these envelopes. In other words, the waveform of the output value when the difference of the comparison result is larger than the first difference is larger than the waveform of the output value when the difference of the comparison result is larger than the first difference. It can be said that there is.

More specifically, the threshold EG3746 generates a threshold envelope that indicates the time variation of the threshold determined according to the instrument sound selected by the user, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 2B. Then, the envelope comparison unit 3745 shows the time change of the level (difference) obtained by subtracting the level of the threshold envelope generated by the threshold EG3746 from the level of the amplitude envelope of the normal waveform detected by the envelope detection unit 3736. , Outputs the amplifier envelope (multiplication coefficient). Therefore, the envelope comparison unit 3745 outputs an amplifier envelope having a higher level as the level obtained by subtraction is larger. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 2B, as the amplitude of the waveform corresponding to the amplitude envelope greatly exceeds the threshold envelope, the amplitude can be controlled to be greatly limited. The envelope comparison unit 3745 may output an amplifier envelope having a level value of zero when the level value obtained by subtraction is a negative value.

If the comparison results by the envelope comparison unit 3745 are the same, the multiplication coefficient becomes 0, and the difference waveform is not output from the difference waveform amplifier 3743. The normal waveform output from the normal waveform amplifier 3733 is output as it is from the section mixer 375.

As the comparison result becomes larger, the multiplication coefficient approaches 0 to 1, and the shape of the difference waveform output from the difference waveform amplifier 3743 approaches the shape of the stored difference waveform. As for the shape of the waveform of the portion of the normal waveform that exceeds the clipping level, the section mixer 375 outputs a waveform that is slightly deformed so as to approach the clipping level as the multiplication coefficient approaches 0 to 1.

When the multiplication coefficient is 1.0, the shape of the difference waveform output from the difference waveform amplifier 3743 becomes the same as the shape of the stored difference waveform, and the part of the normal waveform that exceeds the clipping level is clipped. The waveform of the shape is output from the section mixer 375.

As a result, according to the embodiment of the present invention of FIG. 2B, the amplitude of the waveform at the boundary between k4 and k5, which has a large difference value between the envelope and the clipping level, is on the broken line side between the solid line value and the broken line value. Will be located in. On the other hand, the amplitude of the waveform at the boundary between k5 and k6, where the difference value between the envelope and the clipping level is small, is located on the solid line side between the solid line value and the broken line value.

The multiplication coefficient may be a value larger than 1.0.

Applying the present invention, for example, when half of a 256 waveform generator is used to oscillate a differential waveform, the polyphony can be limited to 256 to half 128. However, according to the present invention, the contact sound can be satisfactorily expressed only by a simple process using an existing waveform generator.

Each of the EG3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 as described above produces each envelope as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B based on the parameters for each envelope supplied by the CPU 310 at key press and key release. The parameters include parameters related to the target levels L0 to L4, parameters related to the rates R1 to R4 for reaching the target level, and the like. When the value of the amplifier envelope generated by the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 reaches zero and the operation of the normal waveform amplifier 3733 is stopped, the operation of the normal waveform generator 3731 is also stopped. Further, when the value of the amplifier envelope output by the envelope comparison unit 3745 reaches zero and the operation of the difference waveform amplifier 3743 is stopped, the operation of the difference waveform generator 3741 is also stopped.

In addition, each EG 3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 may be supplied with the parameter corresponding to the velocity from the CPU 310, and each envelope according to the velocity may be generated. For example, each EG3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 is supplied with a parameter from the CPU 310 including a release rate R4 set so that the smaller the velocity value, that is, the slower the key release speed, the gentler the gradient. You may.

The section mixer 375 mixes the normal waveform indicated by the normal waveform data output from the normal waveform amplifier 3733 and the difference waveform indicated by the difference waveform data output from the difference waveform amplifier 3743. The section mixer 375 outputs data of a waveform (additional waveform) obtained by adding a normal waveform and a difference waveform, as shown in FIG. 7, for example. Thereby, the section mixer 375 can output the data of the additive waveform corresponding to the distorted sound as the sound simulating the contact sound. More specifically, the section mixer 375 virtualizes the data of the added waveform obtained by adding the portion of the normal waveform and the difference waveform corresponding to the portion of the normal waveform exceeding a certain clipping level. Output as waveform data that reproduces clipping.

As described above, the amplitudes of the normal waveform and the difference waveform are controlled according to the amplifier envelope generated by the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 and the amplifier envelope output by the envelope comparison unit 3745. Therefore, the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform in the section mixer 375 is also controlled according to these envelopes, and by controlling the addition ratio, the addition waveform including various clipping shapes as shown in FIG. Data is output. For example, when the addition ratio is 1: 1, the data of the addition waveform whose amplitude is well limited at the clipping level is output. Further, when the addition ratio is smaller than 1: 1, the data of the addition waveform with a smaller degree of distortion is output. Such an additional waveform can be a waveform corresponding to a modest contact sound such that the soft damper 120 is generated in contact with the string 130 in the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A. Further, when the addition ratio is larger than 1: 1, the data of the addition waveform having a larger degree of distortion is output. Such an added waveform is a waveform corresponding to a contact sound in which higher harmonics are emphasized, such as a string 210 generated in contact with a hard metal fret 220 in a guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A. Can be.

Further, the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform may be controlled by the section mixer 375 instead of the threshold envelope or in addition to the threshold envelope. For example, the operation of the threshold value EG3746 may be stopped, and the envelope comparison unit 3745 may output an amplifier envelope similar to the amplitude envelope of the normal waveform detected by the envelope detection unit 3736. In this case, the ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform input to the section mixer 375 is controlled to a value close to 1: 1. Then, in the section mixer 375, the addition ratio of the normal waveform data and the difference waveform data may be adjusted to the set value of the addition ratio supplied from the CPU 310. Thereby, the addition ratio can be controlled in a simpler way than controlling each EG3735, 3746, etc. individually. Alternatively, in the section mixer 375, a rough addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform may be set as a fixed ratio, and each EG3735, 3746, or the like may express a fine variation in the addition ratio with the passage of time. Further, the section mixer 375 may supply a setting value of the addition ratio according to the velocity from the CPU 310, and adjusts the addition ratio of the normal waveform data and the difference waveform data to the setting value of the addition ratio according to the velocity. May be good.

Further, the sound source LSI 370 may realize a function other than the above-mentioned functions, or may not realize some of the above-mentioned functions. For example, each waveform generator 3731 and 3741 may execute a loop process of repeatedly reading each waveform data from the ROM 330 to generate each waveform data corresponding to the continuous sound. Further, the generator mixer 372 may supply a level setting value corresponding to the velocity from the CPU 310, and the sound level value corresponding to each waveform data output from each generator section 371 may be set to a level corresponding to the velocity. It may be adjusted to the set value of.

(Example of envelope)
Subsequent examples of envelopes produced by the respective EG3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 will be described. 8A-8C are diagrams showing an example of an envelope generated for the sound of an acoustic piano. 9A-9C are diagrams showing an example of an envelope generated for the sound of a guitar.

As described above, in the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A, when the key 110 is released, the sound of the damper 120 touching the string 130 is generated, and the sound is pronounced with the passage of time. The ratio of contact sound in is increased. In order to reproduce this phenomenon well, the normal waveform filter EG3734 and the difference waveform filter EG3744 generate a filter envelope as shown in FIG. 8A, and the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 generates an amplifier envelope as shown in FIG. 8B. The threshold EG3746 is controlled to generate a threshold envelope as shown in FIG. 8C. In the example shown in FIG. 8C, the value of the threshold envelope at the time of key press is set to 1.0, which is the maximum value, and is controlled so that no contact sound is generated at the time of key press. Further, the value of the threshold envelope at the time of key release is set to decrease with the passage of time, and is controlled so that the contact sound becomes easier to hear with the passage of time. As described above, the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform may be controlled by the section mixer 375 in addition to each envelope as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, and the normal waveform and the difference in the section mixer 375. The waveform addition ratio may be set to about 1: 0.6.

Further, in the guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A, when the strings 210 are separated, a sound of the strings 210 contacting the frets 220 and the like is generated, and the contact sound becomes difficult to hear with the passage of time. In order to reproduce this phenomenon, the normal waveform filter EG3734 and the difference waveform filter EG3744 generate a filter envelope as shown in FIG. 9A, and the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 generates an amplifier envelope as shown in FIG. 9B, and the threshold value is generated. The EG3746 is controlled to generate a threshold envelope as shown in FIG. 9C. In the example shown in FIG. 9C, the value of the threshold envelope at the time of key press is set smaller than the value of the normal waveform amplifier envelope for a certain period immediately after the key is pressed, and the contact sound is not only at the time of key release but also at the time of key release. , It is controlled so that it occurs even during a certain period when the key is pressed. In addition, the value of the threshold envelope at the time of key release is set to the minimum value immediately after the key release and then toward the maximum value of 1.0, and a contact sound is heard with the passage of time. It is controlled so that it becomes difficult. As described above, the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform may be controlled by the section mixer 375 in addition to each envelope as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, and the normal waveform and the difference in the section mixer 375. The waveform addition ratio may be set to about 1: 1.5.

(process)
Subsequently, the details of the processing executed by the CPU 310 will be described. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the CPU. FIG. 11 is a subroutine flowchart showing the procedure of the sound source LSI control process in step S108 of FIG. The algorithm shown in each flowchart is stored as a program in ROM 330 or the like, and is executed by the CPU 310.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the power is turned on, the CPU 310 first executes an initialization process of each component included in the electronic musical instrument 300 (step S101). Then, the CPU 310 executes a user interface process (UI process) for displaying various information on the LCD 350 and accepting a user's operation via the switch panel 340 (step S102). The CPU 310 receives, for example, an operation of a user who selects a certain musical instrument sound from a plurality of musical instrument sounds via a switch panel 340.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the key has been pressed by the user (step S103). When it is determined that the key has been pressed (step S103: YES), the CPU 310 executes the key pressing process (also referred to as "pronunciation process" or "note-on process") (step S104). The key pressing process includes, for example, an acquisition process of the key number and velocity of the key 361 on which the key is pressed, an allocation process of the generator section 371, and the like. In addition, the key pressing process initializes and starts the operation of each waveform generator 3731 and 3741 in the assigned generator section 371, reads out each waveform data in each waveform generator 3731 and 3741 in which the operation is started, and each EG3734, It includes control processing and the like for causing the sound source LSI 370 to execute initialization and the like of 3735, 3744 and 3746. The operations of the EGs 3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 are automatically started in the EG steady-state process in step S107, which will be described later. On the other hand, if it is determined that the key has not been pressed (step S103: NO), the CPU 310 proceeds to the process of step S105 as it is.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the key has been released by the user (step S105). When it is determined that the key release has been performed (step S105: YES), the CPU 310 executes the key release process (also referred to as "silence processing", "silence reduction process", or "note-off process") (step S106). The key release process includes, for example, acquisition of the key number and velocity of the key 361 on which the key has been released, control processing of the respective EG3734, 3735, 3744, and 3746, and the like. That is, the CPU 310 executes, for example, a process of transitioning each EG3734, 3735, 3744, and 3746 to the release state as the key release process. On the other hand, if it is determined that the key release has not been performed (step S105: NO), the CPU 310 proceeds to the process of step S107 as it is.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 executes EG steady-state processing (step S107). More specifically, the CPU 310 supplies parameters corresponding to the selected musical instrument sound and the current state to the respective EGs 3734, 3735, 3744 and 3746 to execute a process of generating an envelope. Then, the CPU 310 executes the sound source LSI control process (step S108). Details of the sound source LSI control process will be described later with reference to FIG.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the value counted by the timer counter 390 is 1000 μsec, that is, 1 ms or more (step S109). When it is determined that the count value is not 1000 μsec or more, that is, less than 1000 μsec (step S109: NO), the CPU 310 waits until the count value becomes 1000 μsec or more. On the other hand, when the CPU 310 determines that the count value is 1000 μsec or more (step S109: YES), the CPU 310 subtracts 1000 μsec from the value counted by the timer counter 390 (step S110), and returns to the process of step S102. That is, the CPU 310 executes the processes of steps S109 and S110 in order to execute the processes of steps S102 to S108 every 1000 μsec on average.

Subsequently, the details of the sound source LSI control process in step S108 will be described. The CPU 310 controls the sound source LSI 370 to execute the processes of steps S201 to S206 shown in FIG.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, in the sound source LSI 370, the filter envelope generated by the difference waveform filter EG3744 is set in the difference waveform filter 3742 (step S201). Further, the amplifier envelope output by the envelope comparison unit 3745 is set in the difference waveform amplifier 3743 (step S202). Further, the filter envelope generated by the normal waveform filter EG3734 is set in the normal waveform filter 3732 (step S203), and the amplifier envelope generated by the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 is set in the normal waveform amplifier 3733 (step S204). ..

Then, both the value of the amplifier envelope generated by the normal waveform amplifier EG3735 and the value of the amplifier envelope output by the envelope comparison unit 3745 reach zero, and the operation of both the normal waveform amplifier 3733 and the difference waveform amplifier 3743 Is determined whether or not has stopped (step S205).

When it is determined that the operations of both amplifiers 3733 and 3743 have stopped (step S205: YES), the operations of the normal waveform generator 3731 and the difference waveform generator 3741 are also stopped (step S206), and the sound source LSI control process is terminated. .. On the other hand, when it is determined that the operations of both amplifiers 3733 and 3743 have not stopped (step S205: NO), the sound source LSI control process is terminated as it is.

This embodiment has the following effects.

The electronic musical instrument 300 outputs the data of the added waveform obtained by adding the normal waveform and the difference waveform corresponding to the portion of the normal waveform exceeding a certain clipping level. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 simply executes an addition process, which is a relatively simple signal process, and the string contact that occurs in the musical instrument provided with the strings and changes according to the passage of time, the way of playing, and the like. Sound can be reproduced.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument 300, the difference waveform is a waveform obtained by inverting the sign of a portion of the normal waveform that exceeds a certain clipping level. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can add the normal waveform and the difference waveform corresponding to the portion of the normal waveform that exceeds a certain clipping level, and can output the data of the added waveform that reproduces the virtual clipping.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument 300, the output value of the difference waveform amplifier 3743 is adjusted based on the difference between the amplitude envelope of the normal waveform detected by the envelope detection unit 3736 and the threshold envelope generated by the threshold value EG3746. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can satisfactorily reproduce the contact sound that changes according to the actual movement of the strings in the musical instrument including the strings.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument 300, the threshold value indicated by the threshold value envelope is determined according to the musical instrument sound selected by the user. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can satisfactorily reproduce different contact sounds for each musical instrument.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument 300, the normal waveform and the difference waveform are added at a certain ratio. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can output data of an additive waveform including various clipping shapes.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument 300, the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the difference waveform when the guitar sound is selected from the plurality of instrument sounds is set to be larger than the addition ratio when the acoustic piano sound is selected. NS. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 is generated in the acoustic piano 100, such as the contact sound generated by the soft damper 120 in contact with the strings 130, and in the guitar 200, the strings 210 are generated in contact with the hard metal frets 220. Such contact sounds are reproduced well.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and improvements can be made within the scope of the claims.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the difference waveform data is generated in advance and stored in the ROM 330 has been described as an example, but the difference waveform data may not be stored in the ROM 330. In this case, when the normal waveform data is read from the ROM 330, the difference waveform data may be generated based on the normal waveform data.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the clipping level is set in the positive region of the normal waveform has been described as an example, but the clipping level may be set in the negative region of the normal waveform. In this case, the difference waveform is generated as a waveform corresponding to a portion of the normal waveform that exceeds a certain clipping in the negative region. Further, the clipping level may be set in both the positive region and the negative region of the normal waveform.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the parameters and setting values according to the velocity are supplied from the CPU 310 to the sound source LSI 370 has been described as an example, but the parameters and setting values according to the elements other than the velocity have been described. , May be supplied to the sound source LSI 370. Examples of factors other than velocity include after-touch, which can be detected by a pressure sensor or the like.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the process shown in FIG. 10 is executed by the CPU 310 has been described as an example, but at least a part of the process shown in FIG. 10 may be executed by the sound source LSI 370.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the contact sound generated in the acoustic piano 100 and the guitar 200 is reproduced in the electronic musical instrument 300 has been described as an example, but the contact sound generated in another musical instrument having strings is described. It may be reproduced. Examples of other musical instruments include folk instruments such as sitars provided with contact plates (bridges), fretless basses, and the like. In folk instruments such as sitars, long and stable contact sounds are generated even if the vibration of the strings is small to some extent. In order to reproduce such a contact sound, the electronic musical instrument 300 is controlled so that, for example, the value of the level obtained by subtracting the level of the threshold envelope from the level of the amplitude envelope becomes a positive value over a long period of time. May be good.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the contact sound generated in the musical instrument including the strings is reproduced in the electronic musical instrument 300 has been described as an example, but the contact sound may be reproduced in another device. .. Examples of other devices include, for example, a PC used for music production.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified at the implementation stage without departing from the gist thereof. In addition, the functions executed in the above-described embodiments may be combined as appropriate as possible. The above-described embodiments include various steps, and various inventions can be extracted by an appropriate combination according to a plurality of disclosed constitutional requirements. For example, even if some constituent requirements are deleted from all the constituent requirements shown in the embodiment, if the effect is obtained, the configuration in which the constituent requirements are deleted can be extracted as an invention. In the following, the inventions described in the claims at the time of filing will be added.

(Additional note)
[Claim 1]
With at least one operator
The first system including the first waveform generator and
The second system including the second waveform generator and
With at least one processor
With
Based on the user's operation on the at least one operator, the at least one processor
The first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the second waveform data indicating the positive / negative inversion data of the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is input to the second waveform generator.
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And, the waveform data obtained by adding is output.
Electronic musical instrument.
[Claim 2]
The first system includes a first waveform amplifier that outputs the first output data.
The second system includes a second waveform amplifier that outputs the second output data.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1.
[Claim 3]
The at least one processor
The envelope of the first output data output by the first waveform amplifier is detected, and the envelope is detected.
Generates an envelope according to the set threshold
The output value of the second output data output by the second waveform amplifier is adjusted based on the difference between the detected envelope of the first output data and the envelope corresponding to the threshold value.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2.
[Claim 4]
The second waveform amplifier adjusts so that the waveform of the output value when the difference is larger than the first difference is larger than the waveform of the output value when the difference is the first difference.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3.
[Claim 5]
The set threshold value is determined according to the musical instrument selected from the plurality of musical instruments based on the user operation.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3.
[Claim 6]
The waveform of the second output data added when a guitar is selected from the plurality of musical instruments is the waveform of the second output data added when a piano is selected from the plurality of musical instruments. Greater
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5.
[Claim 7]
An electronic musical instrument computer comprising at least one operator, a first system including a first waveform generator, a second system including a second waveform generator, and at least one processor.
Based on the user operation on the at least one operator, the first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the positive / negative inverted data of the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is shown. 2 Waveform data is input to the second waveform generator,
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And, the waveform data obtained by adding is output.
Method.
[Claim 8]
An electronic musical instrument computer comprising at least one operator, a first system including a first waveform generator, a second system including a second waveform generator, and at least one processor.
Based on the user operation on the at least one operator, the first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the positive / negative inverted data of the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is shown. 2 Waveform data is input to the second waveform generator,
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And, the waveform data obtained by adding is output.
program.

300 electronic musical instrument 310 CPU
320 RAM
330 ROM
340 switch panel 350 LCD
360 keyboard 370 sound source LSI
371 Generator Section 372 Generator Mixer 373 Normal Channel 3731 Normal Waveform Generator 3732 Normal Waveform Filter 3733 Normal Waveform Amplifier 374 Difference Channel 3741 Difference Waveform Generator 3742 Difference Waveform Filter 3743 Difference Waveform Amplifier 375 Section Mixer 380 D / A Converter 385 Amplifier 390 Timer Counter

Claims (10)

Based on the user operation, the first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the second waveform data in which the waveform data corresponding to the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is reversed in phase is used. 2 The first process to be input to the waveform generator and
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And the second process of mixing
An electronic musical instrument that runs. The second process mixes the first output data and the second output data by adding them, and outputs the added data obtained by the addition.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1. By controlling the addition ratio of the first output data and the second output data, the degree of distortion of the added data is changed.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2. Control is performed so that the degree of distortion of the added data increases as the ratio of the second output data to the first output data increases.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3. A first system including the first waveform generator and a first waveform amplifier for outputting the first output data, and a second system including the second waveform generator and a second waveform amplifier for outputting the second output data. Have,
The envelope of the first output data output by the first waveform amplifier is detected, and the envelope is detected.
Generates an envelope according to the set threshold
The output value of the second output data output by the second waveform amplifier is adjusted based on the difference between the detected envelope of the first output data and the envelope corresponding to the threshold value.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The second waveform amplifier adjusts so that the waveform of the output value when the difference is larger than the first difference is larger than the waveform of the output value when the difference is the first difference.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5. The set threshold value is determined according to the musical instrument selected from the plurality of musical instruments based on the user operation.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 5 or 6. The waveform of the second output data added when a guitar is selected from the plurality of musical instruments is the waveform of the second output data added when a piano is selected from the plurality of musical instruments. Greater
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 7. Electronic musical instruments
Based on the user operation, the first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the second waveform data in which the waveform data corresponding to the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is reversed in phase is used. 2 The first process to be input to the waveform generator and
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And the second process of mixing
How to perform. For computers owned by electronic musical instruments
Based on the user operation, the first waveform data is input to the first waveform generator, and the second waveform data in which the waveform data corresponding to the portion of the first waveform data exceeding a certain clipping level is reversed in phase is used. 2 The first process to be input to the waveform generator and
The first output data output in response to the input of the first waveform data to the first waveform generator and the second output data output in response to the input of the second waveform data to the second waveform generator. And the second process of mixing
A program that executes.

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