JP7015007B2 - Electronic musical instruments, methods and programs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to electronic musical instruments, methods and programs.

Conventionally, various techniques for reproducing the sound of a musical instrument having strings, including an acoustic piano and a guitar, in an electronic musical instrument have been developed. Musical instruments equipped with strings also generate sounds generated when the strings come into contact with other objects during vibration, and electronic musical instruments have also attempted to reproduce such contact sounds. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reproducing the sound of a damper touching a vibrating string when an acoustic piano is released.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-154394

However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, only the same monotonous contact sound is always produced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument, a method and a program that satisfactorily reproduce the contact sound generated when playing an acoustic musical instrument.

The electronic instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention, which achieves the above object, determines the first waveform data in which the amplitude of the waveform changes with time from among a plurality of waveform data, and the determined first waveform. Amplified data is generated by generating normalized data normalized so that the waveform amplitude of the data is maintained at a constant level, and amplifying at least a part of the waveform in the generated normalized data to generate a certain clipping. Clipped data is generated by clipping at least a part of the waveform included in the amplified data at the level, and the amplitude of the waveform in the generated clipped data is set to the amplitude of the waveform before the normalization. Perform processing to modify and generate distortion waveforms.

According to the present invention, the contact sound generated when playing an acoustic musical instrument can be satisfactorily reproduced.

It is a figure for demonstrating the contact sound generated in an acoustic piano. It is a figure for demonstrating the comparative example in which the contact sound generated in an acoustic piano is not reproduced, and the Example of this invention in which a contact sound is reproduced. It is a figure for demonstrating the contact sound generated in a guitar. It is a figure for demonstrating the comparative example in which the contact sound generated in a guitar is not reproduced, and the Example of this invention in which a contact sound is reproduced. It is a figure which shows an example of the appearance of the electronic musical instrument which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware composition of an electronic musical instrument. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of a sound source LSI. It is a figure for demonstrating the processing performed in a distortion channel. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the distortion in a sound source LSI. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a piano sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a figure which shows an example of the envelope for generating a guitar sound. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the processing of a CPU. It is a subroutine flowchart which shows the procedure of the sound source LSI control processing of step S108 of FIG.

Hereinafter, the principle of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings, and then embodiments based on the principle of the present invention will be described. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. In addition, the ratio of dimensions in the drawings is exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratio.

[Principle of invention]
First, in a musical instrument including a string, the cause of the contact sound generated by the vibrating string coming into contact with another object and the output image of the waveform including the contact sound will be described.

FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining a contact sound generated in an acoustic piano. FIG. 1B is an output image diagram (comparative example) of a waveform not including a contact sound generated in an acoustic piano, and an output image diagram (first embodiment) of a waveform including a contact sound.

In the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A, when the key 110 is released, the damper 120 comes into contact with the string 130, and the vibration of the string 130 is attenuated. Although the felt used in the damper 120 is made of a soft material, it gives the string 130 a much greater resistance than air, so when the damper 120 comes into contact with the string 130, the vibration of the string 130 is irregular. It attenuates to and a contact sound is generated. While the amplitude of the string 130 is large, the damper 120 is flipped (jumped up) by the string 130 and cannot be in contact with the string 130 for a long time. However, as the amplitude of the string 130 decreases with the passage of time, the time for the damper 120 to contact the string 130 becomes longer, and the contact sound is emphasized among the sounds being pronounced.

In an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the sound of the acoustic piano 100, as shown in the upper figure (comparative example) of FIG. 1B, the sound level at the time of key release, that is, the amplitude of the waveform is a wrapping of the amplitude of the string 130 at the time of key release. It is controlled to change over time according to the amplitude that reproduces the line. However, in the conventional electronic musical instrument, the time change of the contact sound as described above is not reproduced. Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment, as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 1B (first embodiment of the present invention), the amplitude of the waveform has a certain level (broken line level) indicating the threshold value of the generation of the contact sound. When it exceeds the limit, a distorted sound corresponding to the waveform whose amplitude is limited is generated as a sound simulating the contact sound. For example, the amplitude of the waveform corresponding to the sound of the acoustic piano 100 when the key is released is controlled so as to be greatly limited with the passage of time. Then, the distorted sound as the contact sound is controlled to be emphasized more as the period k1, the period k2, and the period k3 progress as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 1B (threshold value of the broken line and the amplitude envelope). The difference value between the solid line value and the solid line value indicating the above gradually increases as the period k1, the period k2, and the period k3 progress, whereby the amplitude of the waveform is greatly suppressed with the passage of time, and the distorted sound with the passage of time. The contact sound is emphasized). Therefore, in the acoustic piano 100, the contact sound between the damper 120 and the string 130 generated when the key is released can be reproduced satisfactorily.

FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining a contact sound generated in a guitar. FIG. 2B is an output image diagram (comparative example) of a waveform not including a contact sound generated in a guitar, and an output image diagram (second embodiment) of a waveform including a contact sound.

Even in a plucked string instrument such as a guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A, a contact sound is generated when the performer's finger F is separated from the string 210. More specifically, while the finger F is holding the string 210, the string 210 vibrates with the fret 220 as a fulcrum, so that no contact sound is generated. However, when the finger F begins to move away from the fret 220, the fulcrum of the string 210 moves from the fret 220 to the finger F, the string 210 vibrates with the finger F as the fulcrum, and the string 210 vibrates with the fret 220 or the like. When it comes in contact with, a contact sound is generated. Therefore, unlike the acoustic piano 100, the guitar 200 starts to hear the contact sound immediately after the string is released. Then, as the amplitude of the string 210 becomes smaller or the finger F moves away from the fret 220 with the passage of time, the contact sound becomes harder to hear.

In an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the sound of the guitar 200, as shown in the upper figure of FIG. 2B, the sound level at the time of key release, that is, the amplitude of the waveform is an envelope that reproduces the envelope of the amplitude of the string 210 at the time of releasing the string. It is controlled to change with the passage of time. More specifically, the amplitude of the waveform increases with the passage of time in the period k4 immediately after the release of the electronic musical instrument, which corresponds to immediately after the release of the guitar 200, and in the subsequent periods k5 and k6. It is controlled to decay with the passage of time. Then, the clipping level is set as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 2B, for example. The distorted sound as a contact sound is emphasized with the passage of time in the period k4 (because the difference value between the threshold value of the broken line and the solid line value of the solid line gradually increases), and in the period k5, with the passage of time. On the contrary, it is weakened (because the difference value between the threshold value of the broken line and the solid line value of the solid line gradually becomes smaller), and the contact sound is controlled so as not to be heard during the period k6 (the solid line value does not reach the threshold value). For). This makes it possible to satisfactorily reproduce the contact sound generated by the strings 210 coming into contact with the frets or the like when the strings are released in the guitar 200.

Hereinafter, the configuration and processing of an electronic musical instrument that reproduces the contact sound as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment of the Invention]
(Constitution)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the electronic instrument 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 310, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 320, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 330, a switch panel 340, and an LCD (liquid crystal display) 350. It is equipped with a keyboard 360, a sound source LSI (large-scale integrated circuit) 370, a D / A converter 380, an amplifier 385, and a timer counter 390. Each of the CPU 310, RAM 320, ROM 330 and the sound source LSI 370 is connected to the bus 395. Further, each of the switch panel 340, the LCD 350 and the keyboard 360 is connected to the bus 395 via each of the I / O interface 345, the LCD controller 355 and the key scanner 365.

The CPU 310 as a processor executes control of each component described above, various arithmetic processes, and the like according to a program. The RAM 320 temporarily stores programs, data, and the like as a work area.

The ROM 330 as a memory includes a program area and a data area, and stores various programs and various data in advance. The ROM 330 stores, for example, as a waveform memory, a plurality of waveform data corresponding to a plurality of musical instrument sounds.

The switch panel 340 includes a plurality of switches 341 and accepts an operation by a user who presses each of the plurality of switches 341. The switch panel 340 includes, for example, a plurality of switches 341 corresponding to a plurality of musical instrument sounds, and accepts an operation of a user who selects a certain musical instrument sound from the plurality of musical instrument sounds. The I / O interface 345 monitors each of the plurality of switches 341 in the switch panel 340, and notifies the CPU 310 when it detects the pressing of each of the plurality of switches 341.

The LCD 350 displays various information. The LCD controller 355 is an IC (integrated circuit) that controls the LCD 350.

The keyboard 360 includes a plurality of keys 361 as operators, and accepts a user's key pressing and key release operations as user operations. Each of the plurality of keys 361 may operate with one end of a leaf spring or the like as a fulcrum, and may be provided with a plurality of switches (contacts) that are sequentially turned on or off by pressing or releasing a key.

The key scanner 365 monitors each of the plurality of keys 361 on the keyboard 360 and detects the key press or release of each of the plurality of keys 361. When the key scanner 365 detects the key press, it detects the key number (note number) of the key 361 in which the key is pressed and the velocity at the time of key press corresponding to the key press speed, and notifies the CPU 310. Further, when the key scanner 365 detects the key release, it detects the key number of the key 361 in which the key was released and the velocity at the time of key release corresponding to the key release speed, and notifies the CPU 310. The key scanner 365 may detect the velocity at the time of key press or key release by measuring the time difference at which at least two switches included in each of the plurality of keys 361 are detected on or off.

The sound source LSI 370 as a processor adopts a well-known waveform memory reading method, reads out waveform data corresponding to the musical instrument sound selected by the user from the ROM 330, processes it, and outputs it to the D / A converter 380. The details of the sound source LSI 370 will be described later with reference to FIG.

The D / A converter 380 converts the digital waveform data output from the sound source LSI 370 into an analog waveform signal and outputs it to the amplifier 385. The amplifier 385 amplifies the analog waveform signal output from the D / A converter 380, and outputs the analog waveform signal to a speaker, an output terminal (neither of which is shown), or the like.

The timer counter 390 includes, for example, a counter that increments the value every 1 μsec and measures the time.

The electronic musical instrument 300 may include components other than the above-mentioned components, or may not include some of the above-mentioned components.

Subsequently, the details of the sound source LSI 370 will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a sound source LSI. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the processing executed in the distortion channel. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of distortion in the sound source LSI. 8A to 8C are diagrams showing an example of an envelope generated in the sound source LSI.

As shown in FIG. 5, the sound source LSI 370 includes a plurality of (for example, 256 channels) generator sections 371 and a generator mixer 372 that adjusts and mixes waveform data output from each generator section 371. Each generator section 371 includes a waveform generator 373, a normal channel (normal line) 374 and a distortion channel (distortion line) 375.

The waveform generator 373 determines the waveform data corresponding to the instrument sound selected by the user from the plurality of waveform data stored in the ROM 330 at the read speed corresponding to the key number of the pressed key 361. And read it out, and generate and output the waveform data corresponding to the key number. The waveform data output from the waveform generator 373 is branched and input to the normal channel 374 and the distortion channel 375.

The normal channel 374 includes a normal filter 3741, a normal filter envelope generator 3742, a normal amplifier 3743 and a normal amplifier envelope generator 3744. In the following, as shown in FIG. 5, the envelope generator is also referred to as “EG”. The normal filter 3741 obtains the sound quality of the sound corresponding to the waveform data input to the normal channel 374 according to the filter envelope generated by the normal filter EG3742, which indicates the time change of the cutoff frequency of the filter (for example, a low-pass filter). Control. The normal amplifier 3743 controls the sound level corresponding to the waveform data, that is, the amplitude of the waveform indicated by the waveform data, according to the amplifier envelope indicating the time change of the volume (level) generated by the normal amplifier EG3744.

The distortion channel 375 includes an envelope detection unit 3751, an envelope calculation unit 3752, a normalization amplifier 3753, a distortion 3754, a distortion EG3755, a distortion filter 3756, a distortion filter EG3757, a distortion amplifier 3758, a distortion amplifier EG3759, a reverse correction amplifier 3760, and a clipping control amplifier. Includes 3761.

The envelope detection unit 3751 includes an absolute value circuit (full-wave rectification circuit), a low-pass filter, and the like, and detects the amplitude envelope of the waveform indicated by the waveform data input to the distortion channel 375 as shown in FIG. 6A. do. The envelope calculation unit 3752 adjusts (normalizes) the amplitude of the waveform indicated by the waveform data input to the distortion channel 375 to a constant amplitude based on the first amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detection unit 3751. That is, the amplifier envelope is calculated so that the amplitude of the waveform is maintained unchanged. For example, when the value of the first amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detection unit 3751 is attenuated by 50% from a certain value, the envelope calculation unit 3752 creates an amplifier envelope such that the waveform is amplified by 200% by the normalized amplifier 3753. calculate. The normalized amplifier 3753 multiplies the amplifier envelope calculated by the envelope calculation unit 3752 by the waveform indicated by the waveform data input to the distortion channel 375, whereby the normalized amplifier 3753 has the waveform as shown in FIG. 6 (b). Normalize the amplitude. In the following, the first amplitudes of the first waveforms shown by the first waveform data as certain waveform data input to the distortion channel 375, which are executed by the normalized amplifier 3753, are all set to the same second amplitude. The process of changing is also referred to as a normalize process. Further, the waveform data showing the second waveform as the waveform whose amplitude has been changed is also referred to as normalized data. The second amplitude may be larger than the first amplitude.

The distortion 3754 includes a distortion gain amplifier 3754A and a clipper 3754B, as shown in FIG. The distortion gain amplifier 3754A is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 (c) and 7 depending on the amplifier envelope (hereinafter referred to as “distortion envelope”) or the like generated by the distortion EG3755, which indicates a change in gain over time. Amplifies at least a portion of the amplitude-normalized waveform. The clipper 3754B clips the amplified waveform based on the clipping level setting for the positive region of the waveform supplied by the CPU 310, as shown in FIG. 6 (d) and FIG. More specifically, the clipper 3754B limits the amplitude of the amplified waveform beyond the positive clipping level to the positive clipping level. The clipping level is determined according to the instrument sound selected by the user and may be set in both the positive and negative regions of the waveform. It may be set to at least one of the positive region and the negative region of the waveform. In the following, waveform data showing a third waveform as a clipped waveform will also be referred to as clip data.

The distortion filter 3756 controls the sound quality of the sound corresponding to the clipped waveform data according to the filter envelope generated by the distortion filter EG3757. The distortion amplifier 3758 controls the level of sound corresponding to the data of the clipped waveform according to the amplifier envelope (hereinafter referred to as “distortion amplifier envelope”) generated by the distortion amplifier EG3759. The distortion amplifier envelope is further adjusted by the reverse correction amplifier 3760, which will be described later, as shown in FIG.

Each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 as described above generates each envelope as shown in FIGS. 8A-8C based on the parameters for each envelope supplied from the CPU 310 at key press and key release. do. For example, the distortion EG3755 produces a distortion envelope as shown in FIG. 8A.

The parameters related to each envelope include parameters related to the target levels L0 to L4, parameters related to the rates R1 to R4 for reaching the target level, and the like. When the value of the amplifier envelope supplied to the normal amplifier 3743 and the distortion amplifier 3758 reaches zero and the operation of the normal amplifier 3743 and the distortion amplifier 3758 is stopped, the operation of the waveform generator 373 is also stopped. It should be noted that each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 may be supplied with a parameter corresponding to the velocity from the CPU 310, or may generate each envelope according to the velocity. For example, each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 has a parameter from the CPU 310 that includes a release rate R4 set so that the smaller the velocity value, that is, the slower the key release speed, the gentler the gradient. May be supplied.

The reverse correction amplifier 3760 adjusts the distortion amplifier envelope based on the amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detection unit 3751 so as to cancel the influence of the amplitude normalization by the normalization amplifier 3753. For example, if the value of the amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detector 3751 is attenuated by 50% from a certain value and the waveform is amplified by 200% by the normalized amplifier 3753, the inverse correction amplifier 3760 is the value of the distortion amplifier envelope. Is attenuated by 50%. The amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detection unit 3751 is multiplied by the distortion amplifier envelope by the inverse correction amplifier 3760, and as a result, is also multiplied by the clipped waveform as shown in FIG. 6 (e). As a result, the amplitude of the clipped waveform is corrected to the amplitude of the waveform before normalization. That is, the amplitude of the third waveform indicated by the clip data is changed according to the first amplitude of the first waveform as the waveform before normalization, so that the fourth waveform whose amplitude is changed (“distortion waveform” described later). Corresponds to)) is generated and output.

The clipping control amplifier 3761 further adjusts the distortion amplifier envelope adjusted by the reverse correction amplifier 3760 based on the set value of the gain supplied from the CPU 310. More specifically, the clipping control amplifier 3761 adjusts the addition ratio of the distortion amplifier envelope to the distortion envelope by adjusting the gain of the distortion amplifier envelope. As a result, the clipping control amplifier 3761 controls the degree of amplification by the distortion gain amplifier 3754A in the distortion 3754, and indirectly controls the degree of clipping by the clipper 3754B. Therefore, the distortion 3754 can perform feedback control such that the larger the value of the distortion amplifier envelope, that is, the larger the amplitude of the waveform, the more the amplitude is limited.

The generator section 371 further includes a section mixer 377. The section mixer 377 combines the waveform data output from the normal amplifier 3743 (hereinafter referred to as “normal waveform data”) and the waveform data output from the distortion amplifier 3758 (hereinafter referred to as “distortion waveform data”) into (electronic). The waveform shape of the sound output from the musical instrument 300 is adjusted and mixed, for example, so as to have a waveform shape as exemplified in the first embodiment of FIG. 1B and the second embodiment of FIG. 2B. Specifically, for example, the section mixer 377 may add the input normal waveform data and distortion waveform data after adjusting (attenuating) them to 50%, respectively. Alternatively, the waveform data obtained by adding the normal waveform data and the distortion waveform data, respectively, may be adjusted (attenuated) to 50%. Alternatively, the normal waveform data output from the normal amplifier 3743 is an envelope generated by the normal amplifier EG, for example, an envelope that matches the clipping level in the first embodiment of FIG. 1B and the second embodiment of FIG. 2B. The first output waveform data changed according to the above and the second output waveform data output by the distortion amplifier 3758 may be added. Then, the section mixer 377 outputs the data of the waveform (additional waveform) obtained by adding the normal waveform shown by the normal waveform data and the distortion waveform shown by the distortion waveform data. Thereby, the section mixer 377 can output the data of the additive waveform corresponding to the distorted sound as the sound simulating the contact sound.

The section mixer 377 may supply the setting value of the addition ratio according to the musical instrument sound selected by the user from the CPU 310, and may supply the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the distortion waveform to the setting value of the addition ratio according to the musical instrument sound. May be adjusted to. For example, the setting value of the addition ratio according to the sound of the acoustic piano 100 may be set to a small value, or the data of the addition waveform having a small degree of distortion may be output. Such an added waveform can be a waveform corresponding to a modest contact sound such that the soft damper 120 is generated in contact with the string 130 in the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A. Further, the setting value of the addition ratio according to the sound of the guitar 200 may be set to a large value, or the data of the addition waveform having a large degree of distortion may be output. Such an added waveform is a waveform corresponding to a contact sound in which higher harmonics and the like are emphasized, such as a string 210 generated in contact with a hard metal fret 220 in a guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A. Can be.

Further, in the section mixer 377, a rough addition ratio of the normal waveform and the distortion waveform is set as a fixed ratio, and each EG 3744, 3759, etc. may reproduce fine fluctuations in the addition ratio with the passage of time. Further, the section mixer 377 may supply the setting value of the addition ratio according to the velocity from the CPU 310, or may adjust the addition ratio of the normal waveform and the distortion waveform to the setting value of the addition ratio according to the velocity. ..

The sound source LSI 370 may or may not realize a function other than the above-mentioned functions, or may not realize some of the above-mentioned functions. For example, the waveform generator 373 may execute a loop process of repeatedly reading the waveform data from the ROM 330 to generate the waveform data corresponding to the continuous sound. Further, the waveform generator 373 may read waveform data whose amplitude has already been normalized from the ROM 330. In this case, the envelope detection unit 3751, the envelope calculation unit 3752, the normalization amplifier 3753, the inverse correction amplifier 3760, and the like are omitted. May be done. Further, the generator mixer 372 may be supplied with a level setting value according to the velocity from the CPU 310, and the sound level value corresponding to each waveform data output from each generator section 371 is set according to the velocity. It may be adjusted to the set value of.

(Example of envelope)
Subsequent examples of envelopes produced by the respective EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 will be described. 8A-8C are diagrams showing an example of an envelope generated for the sound of an acoustic piano. 9A-9C are diagrams showing an example of an envelope generated for the sound of a guitar.

As described above, in the acoustic piano 100 as shown in FIG. 1A, when the key 110 is released, the sound of the damper 120 touching the string 130 is generated, and the sound is pronounced with the passage of time. The ratio of contact sound in is increased. In order to reproduce this phenomenon well, for example, the distortion EG3755 generates a distortion envelope as shown in FIG. 8A, and the normal filter EG3742 and the distortion filter EG3757 generate a filter envelope as shown in FIG. 8B, which is normal. The amplifier EG3744 and the distortion amplifier EG3759 are controlled to generate an amplifier envelope as shown in FIG. 8C. When the absolute value of the clipping level is set to 1.0, in the example shown in FIG. 8A, the value of the threshold envelope at the time of key pressing is set to zero, which is the minimum value, and at the time of key pressing, contact is performed. It is controlled so that no sound is generated. Further, the value of the distortion envelope at the time of key release is set to approach 1.0 along the rates R3 and R4 with the passage of time.

Further, in the guitar 200 as shown in FIG. 2A, when the strings 210 are separated, the sound of the strings 210 contacting the frets 220 and the like is generated, and the contact sound becomes difficult to hear with the passage of time. In order to reproduce this phenomenon well, the distortion EG3755 generates a distortion envelope as shown in FIG. 9A, and the normal filter EG3742 and the distortion filter EG3757 generate a filter envelope as shown in FIG. 9B, and the normal amplifier EG3744. And the distortion amplifier EG3759 is controlled to generate an amplifier envelope as shown in FIG. 9C. When the absolute value of the clipping level is set to 1.0, and as shown in FIG. 9C, when the value of the distortion envelope at the time of key pressing is set to less than 1.0, the contact sound at the time of key pressing Is controlled so that it is unlikely to occur. In addition, the value of the distortion envelope at the time of key release is set to 1.0 or more immediately after key release and then toward less than 1.0, and the contact sound heard immediately after key release is the time. It is controlled so that it becomes difficult to hear with the progress of. The addition ratio of the distortion envelope and the distortion amplifier envelope corresponding to the sound of the guitar 200 may be set to, for example, about 1: 0.6.

(process)
Subsequently, the details of the processing executed by the CPU 310 will be described. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the CPU. FIG. 11 is a subroutine flowchart showing the procedure of the sound source LSI control process in step S108 of FIG. The algorithm shown in each flowchart is stored as a program in ROM 330 or the like, and is executed by the CPU 310.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the power is turned on, the CPU 310 first executes initialization processing of each component included in the electronic musical instrument 300 (step S101). Then, the CPU 310 executes a user interface process (UI process) for displaying various information on the LCD 350 and accepting a user's operation via the switch panel 340 (step S102). The CPU 310 receives, for example, an operation of a user who selects a certain musical instrument sound from a plurality of musical instrument sounds via a switch panel 340.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the key has been pressed by the user (step S103). When it is determined that the key has been pressed (step S103: YES), the CPU 310 executes the key pressing process (also referred to as "pronunciation process" or "note-on process") (step S104). The key pressing process includes, for example, an acquisition process of the key number and velocity of the key 361 in which the key is pressed, an allocation process of the generator section 371, and the like. Further, the key pressing process is performed by initializing the waveform generator 373 and starting the operation in the assigned generator section 371, reading out the waveform data in the waveform generator 373 where the operation is started, and EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759, respectively. Includes control processing and the like for causing the sound source LSI 370 to execute the initialization and the like. The operations of the EG 3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 are automatically started in the EG steady-state process of step S107 described later. On the other hand, if it is determined that the key has not been pressed (step S103: NO), the CPU 310 proceeds to the process of step S105 as it is.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the key has been released by the user (step S105). When it is determined that the key release has been performed (step S105: YES), the CPU 310 executes the key release process (also referred to as "silence process", "silence process", or "note-off process") (step S106). The key release process includes, for example, an acquisition process of the key number and velocity of the key 361 in which the key has been released, a control process of each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757, and 3759, and the like. That is, the CPU 310 executes, for example, a process of transitioning each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757, and 3759 to the release state as the key release process. On the other hand, if it is determined that the key release has not been performed (step S105: NO), the CPU 310 proceeds to the process of step S107 as it is.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 executes EG steady-state processing (step S107). More specifically, the CPU 310 supplies parameters according to the selected musical instrument sound and the current state to each EG3742, 3744, 3755, 3757 and 3759 to execute a process of generating an envelope. Then, the CPU 310 executes the sound source LSI control process (step S108). The details of the sound source LSI control process will be described later with reference to FIG.

Subsequently, the CPU 310 determines whether or not the value counted by the timer counter 390 is 1000 μsec, that is, 1 ms or more (step S109). When it is determined that the count value is not 1000 μsec or more, that is, less than 1000 μsec (step S109: NO), the CPU 310 waits until the count value becomes 1000 μsec or more. On the other hand, when the CPU 310 determines that the count value is 1000 μsec or more (step S109: YES), the CPU 310 subtracts 1000 μsec from the value counted by the timer counter 390 (step S110), and returns to the process of step S102. That is, the CPU 310 executes the processes of steps S109 and S110 in order to execute the processes of steps S102 to S108 every 1000 μsec on average.

Subsequently, the details of the sound source LSI control process in step S108 will be described. The CPU 310 controls the sound source LSI 370 to execute the processes of steps S201 to S206 shown in FIG.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, in the sound source LSI 370, the distortion gain is obtained by adding the distortion amplifier envelope adjusted by the reverse correction amplifier 3760 and the clipping control amplifier 3761 and the distortion envelope. It is set to the gain of the amplifier 3754A (step S201). As described above, the gain of the reverse correction amplifier 3760 corresponds to the amplitude envelope detected by the envelope detection unit 3751.

Further, the filter envelope generated by the distortion filter EG3757 is set in the distortion filter 3756 (step S202). Further, the distortion amplifier envelope adjusted by the reverse correction amplifier 3760 is set in the distortion amplifier 3758 (step S203). Further, the filter envelope generated by the normal filter EG3742 is set in the normal filter 3741 (step S204), and the amplifier envelope generated by the normal amplifier EG3744 is set in the normal amplifier 3743 (step S205).

Then, the value of the amplifier envelope supplied to the normal amplifier 3743 and the distortion amplifier 3758 both reaches zero, and it is determined whether or not the operations of both the normal amplifier 3743 and the distortion amplifier 3758 have stopped (step S206).

When it is determined that the operations of both amplifiers 3743 and 3758 have stopped (step S206: YES), the operation of the waveform generator 373 is also stopped (step S207), and the sound source LSI control process is terminated. On the other hand, when it is determined that the operation of either of the amplifiers 3743 and 3758 has not stopped (step S206: NO), the sound source LSI control process is terminated as it is.

This embodiment has the following effects.

The electronic musical instrument 300 is subjected to a normalization process of changing each different first amplitude of the first waveform indicated by the first waveform data as a certain waveform data input to the distortion channel 375 to the same second waveform, and the second waveform is obtained. Generates normalized data indicating. Then, the electronic musical instrument 300 amplifies at least a part of the second waveform indicated by the normalized data, and clips the amplified waveform at a certain clipping level to generate clip data indicating the third waveform. Further, the electronic musical instrument 300 generates and outputs waveform data indicating the fourth waveform by changing the amplitude of the third waveform indicated by the clip data in accordance with the first amplitude of the first waveform. The waveform data indicating the output fourth waveform is combined with the waveform data output from the normal amplifier 3743 in the normal channel 374 by the section mixer 377. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can generate a distorted sound corresponding to the waveform whose amplitude is limited as a sound simulating the contact sound, and depends on the passage of time, the way of playing, etc. generated in the musical instrument provided with the strings. It is possible to reproduce the contact sound of a string that changes.

Further, the electronic musical instrument 300 detects the amplitude envelope of the first waveform before the normalization process, and multiplies the first waveform by a value calculated based on the detected amplitude envelope to obtain the first amplitude of the first waveform. Change to the second amplitude. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can normalize the amplitude of the original waveform only by executing a multiplication process, which is a relatively simple signal process.

Further, the electronic musical instrument 300 changes the amplitude of the third waveform according to the first amplitude by multiplying the third waveform indicated by the clip data by the value calculated based on the detected amplitude envelope. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can correct the amplitude of the clipped waveform to the amplitude of the waveform before normalization only by executing a multiplication process which is a relatively simple signal processing.

Further, the second amplitude is larger than the first amplitude. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can change the different first amplitude of the first waveform to the second amplitude larger than the first amplitude.

Further, the clipping level is set according to the musical instrument sound selected by the user from the plurality of musical instrument sounds. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can satisfactorily reproduce different contact sounds for each musical instrument.

Further, the electronic musical instrument 300 adds (mixes) the normal waveform and the distortion waveform at a set addition ratio. As a result, the electronic musical instrument 300 can output data of the addition waveform with various addition ratios. Therefore, the electronic musical instrument 300 is generated, for example, in the acoustic piano 100, the contact sound generated by the soft damper 120 in contact with the strings 130, or in the guitar 200, the strings 210 in contact with the hard metal frets 220. The contact sounds that make you feel like you can be reproduced well.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and improvements can be made within the scope of the claims.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the parameters and setting values according to the velocity are supplied from the CPU 310 to the sound source LSI 370 has been described as an example, but the parameters and the setting values according to the elements other than the velocity have been described. , May be supplied to the sound source LSI 370. Examples of factors other than velocity include after-touch, which can be detected by a pressure sensor or the like.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the process shown in FIG. 11 is executed by the CPU 310 has been described as an example, but at least a part of the process shown in FIG. 11 may be executed by the sound source LSI 370.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the contact sound generated in the acoustic piano 100 and the guitar 200 is reproduced in the electronic musical instrument 300 has been described as an example, but the contact sound generated in another musical instrument having strings is described. It may be reproduced. Examples of other musical instruments include folk instruments such as sitars provided with contact plates (bridges), fretless basses, and the like. In folk instruments such as sitars, long and stable contact sounds are generated even if the vibration of the strings is small to some extent. In order to reproduce such a contact sound, the electronic musical instrument 300 may, for example, control the value of the clipping level to a small value over a long period of time.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the contact sound generated in the musical instrument including the strings is reproduced in the electronic musical instrument 300 has been described as an example, but the contact sound may be reproduced in another device. .. Examples of other devices include, for example, a PC used for music production.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified at the implementation stage without departing from the gist thereof. In addition, the functions executed in the above-described embodiment may be combined as appropriate as possible. The embodiments described above include various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriate combinations according to the plurality of disclosed constituent requirements. For example, even if some constituent elements are deleted from all the constituent elements shown in the embodiment, if the effect is obtained, the configuration in which the constituent elements are deleted can be extracted as an invention. In the following, the inventions described in the claims at the time of filing will be added.

(Additional note)
[Claim 1]
With at least one operator,
With at least one processor
Equipped with
The at least one processor
The first waveform data is determined from the plurality of waveform data based on the user operation to the at least one operator.
Normalized data showing a plurality of second waveforms is generated by a normalization process of changing each of the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms indicated by the determined first waveform data to the same second amplitude.
The amplitude of at least one of the plurality of second waveforms indicated by the generated normalized data is amplified in order to clip at a certain clipping level.
By clipping the amplified at least one waveform, clip data showing a plurality of third waveforms is generated.
Waveform data showing a plurality of fourth waveforms is generated by changing each amplitude of the plurality of third waveforms indicated by the generated clip data according to the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms. And output,
Electronic musical instrument.

[Claim 2]
A waveform generator for outputting the plurality of first waveforms indicated by the first waveform data is provided.
The at least one processor
The envelopes of the plurality of first waveforms output by the waveform generator are detected, and the envelopes are detected.
A value calculated based on the detected envelope of the first waveform is obtained from the waveform generator so that the envelope of the plurality of second waveforms is maintained unchanged from a constant level indicating the second amplitude. Multiplying the plurality of output first waveforms,
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1.

[Claim 3]
The at least one processor
In order to generate waveform data indicating the plurality of fourth waveforms, a value calculated based on the detected envelope of the first waveform is multiplied by the plurality of third waveforms indicated by the clip data.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2.

[Claim 4]
The second amplitude is larger than the first amplitude.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

[Claim 5]
A distortion line that includes a distortion amplifier and generates waveform data indicating the plurality of fourth waveforms from the plurality of first waveforms.
A normal line that includes a normal amplifier and generates normal waveform data from the plurality of first waveforms, and
A section mixer that mixes the waveform data indicating the plurality of fourth waveforms generated in the distortion line and the normal waveform data generated in the normal line at a set ratio, and the section mixer.
To prepare
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[Claim 6]
The certain clipping level is determined according to an instrument selected from a plurality of musical instruments based on a user operation.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

[Claim 7]
For electronic musical instrument computers with at least one controls,
Based on the user operation to the at least one operator, the first waveform data is determined from the plurality of waveform data.
By the normalization process of changing the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms indicated by the determined first waveform data to the same second amplitude, normalization data indicating a plurality of second waveforms is generated.
The amplitude of at least one of the plurality of second waveforms indicated by the generated normalized data is amplified to clip at a certain clipping level.
By clipping the amplified at least one waveform, clip data showing a plurality of third waveforms is generated.
Waveform data showing a plurality of fourth waveforms is generated by changing each amplitude of the plurality of third waveforms indicated by the generated clip data according to the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms. And output
Method.

[Claim 8]
For electronic musical instrument computers with at least one controls,
Based on the user operation to the at least one operator, the first waveform data is determined from the plurality of waveform data.
By the normalization process of changing the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms indicated by the determined first waveform data to the same second amplitude, normalization data indicating a plurality of second waveforms is generated.
The amplitude of at least one of the plurality of second waveforms indicated by the generated normalized data is amplified to clip at a certain clipping level.
By clipping the amplified at least one waveform, clip data showing a plurality of third waveforms is generated.
Waveform data showing a plurality of fourth waveforms is generated by changing each amplitude of the plurality of third waveforms indicated by the generated clip data according to the different first amplitudes of the plurality of first waveforms. And output
program.

300 Electronic musical instrument 310 CPU
320 RAM
330 ROM
340 switch panel 350 LCD
360 keyboard 370 sound source LSI
371 Generator section 372 Generator mixer 373 Wave generator 374 Normal channel 375 Distortion channel 3751 Envelope detector 375 Envelope calculator 3753 Normalization amplifier 3754 Distortion gain amplifier 3754B Clipper 3756 Distortion filter 3758 Distortion amplifier 3760 Distortion amplifier 3761 Reverse correction amplifier 3761 Section Mixer 380 D / A Converter 385 Amplifier 390 Timer Counter

Claims (9)

Determine the first waveform data in which the amplitude of the waveform changes with time ,
Normalized data is generated so that the amplitude of the determined waveform of the first waveform data is maintained at a constant level .
Amplified data is generated by amplifying at least a part of the waveform in the generated normalized data.
Clipped data is generated by clipping at least a portion of the waveform contained in the amplified data at a certain clipping level .
Distortion waveform data is generated by changing the amplitude of the waveform in the generated clipped data to the amplitude of the waveform before the normalization.
An electronic musical instrument that performs processing . The amplitude envelope of the waveform indicated by the first waveform data is detected, and the amplitude envelope is detected.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the normalized data is generated by multiplying the first waveform data by a value calculated based on the detected amplitude envelope. The first waveform data has a plurality of waveform portions, each having a different first amplitude.
The amplitudes of the plurality of waveform portions in the first waveform data are all changed to the same second amplitude to generate the normalized data.
The second amplitude is larger than the first amplitude.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2 . With at least one operator,
A control unit that determines the first waveform data from a plurality of waveform data and controls execution of a process of generating the distortion waveform data from the determined first waveform data.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A waveform generator for outputting the first waveform data is provided.
The control unit detects the amplitude envelope of the first waveform data output by the waveform generator, and outputs a value calculated based on the detected amplitude envelope to the first waveform data output from the waveform generator. Controls to multiply by
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 4. A distortion line that includes a distortion amplifier and generates the distortion waveform data from the first waveform data ,
A normal line that includes a normal amplifier and generates normal waveform data from the first waveform data ,
A section mixer that mixes the distortion waveform data generated in the distortion line and the normal waveform data generated in the normal line at a set ratio.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . The certain clipping level is determined according to an instrument selected from a plurality of musical instruments based on a user operation.
The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . Electronic musical instruments
Determine the first waveform data in which the amplitude of the waveform changes with time ,
Normalized data is generated so that the amplitude of the determined waveform of the first waveform data is maintained at a constant level .
Amplified data is generated by amplifying at least a part of the waveform in the generated normalized data.
Clipped data is generated by clipping at least a portion of the waveform contained in the amplified data at a certain clipping level .
Distortion waveform data is generated by changing the amplitude of the waveform in the generated clipped data to the amplitude of the waveform before the normalization.
How to perform the process. For computers of electronic musical instruments ,
Determine the first waveform data in which the amplitude of the waveform changes with time ,
Normalized data is generated so that the amplitude of the determined waveform of the first waveform data is maintained at a constant level .
Amplified data is generated by amplifying at least a part of the waveform in the generated normalized data.
Clipped data is generated by clipping at least a portion of the waveform contained in the amplified data at a certain clipping level .
Distortion waveform data is generated by changing the amplitude of the waveform in the generated clipped data to the amplitude of the waveform before the normalization.
A program that executes processing .

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