JP6908936B2 - セレノプロテインp活性阻害作用を有する成分を含有する、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤 - Google Patents
セレノプロテインp活性阻害作用を有する成分を含有する、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6908936B2 JP6908936B2 JP2018523334A JP2018523334A JP6908936B2 JP 6908936 B2 JP6908936 B2 JP 6908936B2 JP 2018523334 A JP2018523334 A JP 2018523334A JP 2018523334 A JP2018523334 A JP 2018523334A JP 6908936 B2 JP6908936 B2 JP 6908936B2
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Description
本出願は、2016年06月17日に出願された、日本国特許出願第2016−121034号明細書(その開示全体が参照により本明細書中に援用される)に基づく優先権を主張する。本発明は、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤に関する。
項1.セレノプロテインP活性阻害作用を有する成分を含有する、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤。
本発明は、セレノプロテインP活性阻害作用を有する成分を含有する、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤を提供する。
本発明は、また、サンギナリン、ブファジエノリド及び化合物Pからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種又はその塩を含有するセレノプロテインP活性阻害剤も提供する。セレノプロテインP活性阻害剤の有効成分、製剤形態、投与量等は、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤と同様である。
10%のウシ胎児血清(Fetal bovine serum; FBS)を含む標準培地にて培養された肺動脈性肺高血圧症由来肺動脈平滑筋細胞に対して、サンギナリン(SSX社製(Cat.No.1845,Sanguinarine Chloride 10mg)を100%ジメチルスルホキシド(Dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO)に溶解し、2mMとしたもの)、シノブフォタリン(Sigma社製(Cat.No.C1147−10MG,シノブフォタリン10mg)を100%DMSOに溶解し、2mMとしたもの)、プリスティメリン(RSD社製(Cat.No.3731/50,プリスティメリン50mg)を100%DMSOに溶解し、2mMとしたもの)をそれぞれ最終濃度が5μMとなるよう添加し、24時間培養を行った(各群 n=4)。
24時間後にこれらの細胞からtotal RNAを抽出・精製し、RT−PCRによりセレノプロテインP遺伝子発現の変化をコントロール群(同濃度のDMSOを含む10%FBS標準培地)と比較した。尚、セレノプロテインP遺伝子発現は、Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)を内部標準として補正した値を用いた。
その結果は図1に示す通り、いずれの化合物を投与した場合においても肺動脈平滑筋細胞からのセレノプロテインP遺伝子発現が有意に抑制された(いずれの化合物を投与した場合においても、セレノプロテインP遺伝子発現はコントロールに対して統計的に有意な差を示した)。
また、サンギナリンに関しては、C57BL/6マウス(各群 n=8)に対してサンギナリン投与(5mg/kg/日、28日間連日、経口投与)を行った。同時に10%低酸素環境下で飼育して低酸素誘発肺高血圧モデルマウスを作成し検討した結果、肺におけるセレノプロテインP蛋白発現がコントロールに比してサンギナリン投与群にて有意に抑制されるウェスタンブロッティング結果を得た(図2)。
8週齢、雄、C57BL6/Jマウス(各群 n=8)に対してサンギナリン投与(5mg/kg/日、28日間連日、経口投与)を行った。サンギナリンはSSX社製(Cat.No.1845,Sanguinarine Chloride 10mg)を使用した。調整方法は、サンギナリンをまず100%DMSOに溶解し、100μg/μlとし、さらにこれをphosphate buffered saline (PBS)に溶解し、最終濃度1μg/μlとした。コントロール群はDMSOが同濃度となるようにPBSに溶解し調整した(1%DMSO)。
投与期間(=低酸素飼育期間)は28日間。
28日の連日投与後、肺血行力学、右心肥大を終点(低酸素刺激開始後28日目)において評価した。肺血行力学評価は、右内頸静脈より挿入した圧測定用カテーテル(トランソニック・サイセンス社)により直接右室収縮期圧(RVSP)を測定することにより行った。また、右心肥大の測定は、摘出した心臓組織において右心室自由壁(RV)重量を測定し、左心室と心室中隔(LV+Septum)重量に対する比(RV/(LV+Septum))を算出することにより評価した。尚、RV/(LV+Septum)は右室肥大の指標となり、数値が大きいほど右室肥大をきたしていることを示す。結果を図3及び4に示す。また、肺血管の再構築を評価するために、肺組織切片におけるアルファ−平滑筋アクチン(α−SMA)染色を28日目に実施した。肺組織切片におけるアルファ−平滑筋アクチン(α−SMA)免疫染色を行い、α−SMA陽性を示す末梢肺動脈の筋性化の程度(非筋性化、部分的筋性化、完全筋性化の3段階に分類)を定量評価することにより、肺血管の再構築の評価を行った。具体的には、直径20〜70μmの肺動脈弾性板の二重化を各切片につき約100本程度ずつ評価した。ここで、内弾性板と外弾性板との二重化が、肺動脈の全周の50%未満のものを非筋性化とし、当該二重化が肺動脈の全周の50%以上、100%未満のものを部分的筋性化とし、当該二重化が肺動脈の全周に及んでいるものを完全筋性化とした。結果を図5に示す。図に示すように、慢性低酸素刺激による右室収縮期圧、右心肥大について、コントロール群に比べてサンギナリン投与群で有意な減弱を認めた。
8週齢、雄、C57BL6/Jマウス(各群n=8)に対してシノブフォタリン投与(5mg/kg/日、28日間連日、腹腔内投与)を行った。シノブフォタリンはSigma社製(Cat.No.C1147−10MG,シノブフォタリン10mg)を使用。調整方法は、シノブフォタリンをまず100%DMSOに溶解し、30μg/μlとし、さらにこれをPBSに溶解し、最終濃度0.3μg/μlとした。コントロール群はDMSOが同濃度となるようにPBSに溶解し調整した(1%DMSO)。試験開始日より、マウスを10%O2低酸素環境下で飼育し、低酸素誘発性肺高血圧症モデルマウスを作成した。同日より、コントロール群と治療群の試験溶液を腹腔内に連日投与開始した。投与量は、試験期間中連日マウスの体重測定を行い、5mg/kg/日となるよう個別に投与量を算出した。
投与期間(=低酸素飼育期間)は28日間。
28日の連日投与後、肺血行力学、右心肥大を終点(低酸素刺激開始後28日目)において評価した。また、肺血管の再構築を評価するために、肺組織切片におけるアルファ−平滑筋アクチン(α−SMA)染色を28日目に実施した。肺血行力学、右心肥大の具体的な測定、評価は、実施例2と同様の手法を用いた。
結果を図6、7に示す。図に示すように、慢性低酸素刺激による右室収縮期圧、右心肥大について、コントロール群に比べてシノブフォタリン投与群で有意な減弱を認めた。
8週齢、雄、C57BL6/Jマウス(各群n=8)に対してプリスティメリン投与(1mg/kg/日、28日間隔日、腹腔内投与)を行った。プリスティメリンはRSD社製(Cat.No.3731/50,プリスティメリン50mg)を使用した。調整方法は、プリスティメリンをまず100%DMSOに溶解し、6μg/μlとし、さらにこれをPBSに溶解し、最終濃度0.06μg/μlとした。コントロール群はDMSOが同濃度となるようにPBSに溶解し調整した(1%DMSO)。
投与期間(=低酸素飼育期間)は28日間。
28日の隔日投与後、肺血行力学、右心肥大を終点(低酸素刺激開始後28日目)において評価した。また、肺血管の再構築を評価するために、肺組織切片におけるアルファ−平滑筋アクチン(α−SMA)染色を28日目に実施した。肺血行力学、右心肥大の具体的な測定、評価は、実施例2と同様の手法を用いた。
結果を図8、9に示す。図に示すように、慢性低酸素刺激による右室収縮期圧、右心肥大について、コントロール群に比べてプリスティメリン投与群で有意な減弱を認めた。
サンギナリンの肺動脈性肺高血圧(PAH)に対する治療効果をさらに評価するために、別の肺高血圧動物モデルを用いた。具体的には以下の通り:
方法
動物試験
本試験においては、コントロールには、同腹子又はビヒクル処理した群を用いた。Sugen/低酸素誘発高血圧モデルラットを肺高血圧(PH)の評価に用いた(非特許文献4)。肺高血圧の発症を評価するために、右室収縮期圧(RVSP)、右心室肥大(RVH)を測定した(非特許文献4〜6)。
右心カテーテルについては、1.4−F(ラット)圧測定用カテーテル(トランソニック・サイセンス社)を右内頸静脈より挿入し、右心室でRVSPを測定した(非特許文献7)。
Sugen/低酸素モデルにおいては、ラット(Sprague−Dawley,雄,7−10週齢)にVEGF受容体阻害剤SU5416(Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO)を、イソフラン麻酔下で皮下注射し(20mg per kg body weight)、次いで、低酸素(10%O2)に3週間曝露した。所定の期間、以下の処置をした後、ラットをイソフルラン(1.5%)で麻酔し、右心カテーテルを行った。全てのデータは、PowerLab data acquisition system (AD Instruments, Bella Vista, Australia)を用いて分析し、連続する50回拍分以上を平均した(非特許文献4〜6)。血清サンプルを麻酔下でラット下大静脈から採取し、2,500gで10分間を2回、遠心分離し、プロテアーゼインヒビターカクテル (Sigma-Aldrich)を添加し、そしてアリコートをすぐに−80℃で保存した。
ホルムアルデヒドで固定した乾燥心臓を摘出し、右心室自由壁(RV)、左心室(LV)及び心室中隔から切り離した。左心室と心室中隔(LV+Septum)の重量に対する右心室自由壁(RV)重量の比[RV/(LV+S)]を測定して、RVHの程度を評価した(非特許文献4)。
ラット(Sprague−Dawley、雄、7−10週齢)に、VEGF受容体阻害剤SU5416(Sigma-Aldrich)を、イソフラン麻酔下で皮下注射し(20mg per kg body weight)、次いで、低酸素(10%O2)に3週間曝露した(hypoxia+SU5416)。day21に、ラットにランダムに、通常酸素下(21%O2)で、4週間、サンギナリン(5mg per kg body weight)又はビヒクルを経口投与した。ビヒクルを投与した群をビヒクルコントロールと示す。また、day1に生理食塩水を注射し、7週間通常酸素に曝露したラットを(通常酸素)コントロールとして用いた。体重及び摂餌量は、サンギナリン群とビヒクルコントロール群とで有意な差はなかった。day49に、ラットをイソフラン(1.0%)で麻酔し、RVSP、RVH及び肺血管リモデリングを測定することによりPHの発症を評価した。
ラットを、21日間慢性低酸素とVEGF受容体阻害剤SU5416に曝露した(図10A)。このSugen/低酸素モデルラットに対し、PHの発症後、サンギナリン処置を開始した(図10A)。28日間のサンギナリンの経口投与は、体重及び摂餌量に影響しなかった(図10B)。しかし、サンギナリン処置により、ビヒクルコントロールと比較してRVSP及びRVHは低下した(図10C)。また、肺におけるSePのタンパク質レベルは、Sugen/低酸素処置により増加した(図10D)。これに対し、サンギナリン処置により、肺におけるSeP発現も有意に減少した。上記のように、サンギナリンは、動物モデルのPHをin vivoで緩和した。
図10(A) Sugen/低酸素ラットモデルに対するサンギナリン投与についてのプロトコル概略図。ラットを慢性的低酸素状態(10%O2)及びVEGF受容体阻害剤SU5416の組み合わせに21日間曝露し、その後、5mg/kg body weightのサンギナリン又はビヒクルを28日間経口投与した。
図10(B) サンギナリン又はビヒクル投与開始時点から4週間のSugen/低酸素ラットにおける体重の推移(n=12)。データは、mean±SEMを示す。
図10(D) サンギナリン処置 有又は無の、通常酸素コントロールラット又は低酸素+SU5416ラットにおけるSePタンパク質の定量。データは、mean±SEMで示す。*p<0.05。パラメータの比較は、one−way又はtwo−way ANOVA及び多重比較のためのTukey’s HSD検定にて行った。
Claims (5)
- サンギナリン、ブファジエノリド及びメチル 10−ヒドロキシ−2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a−ヘキサメチル−11−オキソ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b−テトラデカヒドロピセン−2−カルボキシレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種又はその塩を含有する、肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤。
- 前記肺高血圧症が肺動脈性肺高血圧症である、請求項1に記載の肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤。
- サンギナリン、ブファジエノリド及びメチル 10−ヒドロキシ−2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a−ヘキサメチル−11−オキソ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b−テトラデカヒドロピセン−2−カルボキシレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含有するセレノプロテインP活性阻害剤。
- 肺高血圧症の予防又は治療剤を製造するための、サンギナリン、ブファジエノリド及びメチル 10−ヒドロキシ−2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a−ヘキサメチル−11−オキソ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b−テトラデカヒドロピセン−2−カルボキシレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種又はその塩の使用。
- セレノプロテインP活性阻害剤を製造するための、サンギナリン、ブファジエノリド及びメチル 10−ヒドロキシ−2,4a,6a,9,12b,14a−ヘキサメチル−11−オキソ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,11,12b,13,14,14a,14b−テトラデカヒドロピセン−2−カルボキシレートからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の使用。
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