JP6897643B2 - センサ素子及び包装体 - Google Patents
センサ素子及び包装体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6897643B2 JP6897643B2 JP2018165871A JP2018165871A JP6897643B2 JP 6897643 B2 JP6897643 B2 JP 6897643B2 JP 2018165871 A JP2018165871 A JP 2018165871A JP 2018165871 A JP2018165871 A JP 2018165871A JP 6897643 B2 JP6897643 B2 JP 6897643B2
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Description
(1)地球表面又は地球表層における環境情報の収集に使用され、前記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布されて使用されるものであり、
環境に応じて特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つの特性が変化するセンサ素子。
(2)前記環境情報が水分量、温度、及びpHの少なくとも1つである前記(1)に記載のセンサ素子。
(3)前記環境情報がpHであり、pHの変化に応じて、特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つが変化する物質を含む前記(2)に記載のセンサ素子。
(4)前記環境情報が水分量及び温度の少なくとも1つであり、これらの少なくとも1つの変化に応じて形状が変化する前記(2)に記載のセンサ素子。
(5)前記環境情報が温度であり、第1基材及び第2基材を備え、前記第1基材の温度による熱膨張係数は、前記第2基材の温度による熱膨張係数と異なる前記(4)に記載のセンサ素子。
(6)前記環境情報が水分量であり、第3基材及び第4基材を備え、前記第3基材の含水による体積変化率は、前記第4基材の含水による体積変化率と異なる前記(4)に記載のセンサ素子。
(7)蛍光色素を含む前記(1)〜(6)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子。
(8)生分解性材料からなる前記(1)〜(7)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子。
(9)実質的に金属を含まない前記(1)〜(8)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子。
(10)電子部品を備えない前記(1)〜(9)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子。
(11)平均粒子径が0.1〜5mmである前記(1)〜(10)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子。
(12)前記(1)〜(11)のいずれか一つに記載のセンサ素子が、包装資材により包装された包装体。
(13)前記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布されて使用されるものであることの記載を含む前記(12)に記載の包装体。
〔1〕地球表面又は地球表層における環境情報を収集する環境情報収集システムであって、
環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布され、環境に応じて特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つの特性が変化するセンサ素子と、
前記センサ素子から得られる電磁波を受信して前記対象領域の環境情報を収集する航空機と、
を備える環境情報収集システム。
〔2〕前記航空機は、前記センサ素子から得られる電磁波を受信する受信部と、
前記受信部の受信結果を記録する記録部と、
を備える前記〔1〕記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔3〕前記航空機は、前記特定波長の電磁波を前記対象領域に送信する送信部を備える、前記〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔4〕前記特定波長の電磁波は、ミリ波、テラヘルツ波、赤外線、可視光線、紫外線、又はX線である、前記〔1〕〜〔3〕の何れか一つに記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔5〕前記センサ素子から得られる電磁波は、前記特定波長の電磁波とは波長が異なる電磁波である、前記〔1〕〜〔4〕の何れか一つに記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔6〕前記航空機は、複数の回転翼と、
予め設定された飛行経路を示す飛行経路情報に従って前記回転翼を制御し、前記航空機を前記飛行経路に沿って自律的に飛行させる飛行制御部と、
を備える前記〔1〕〜〔5〕の何れか一つに記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔7〕前記航空機は、前記センサ素子を、前記対象領域に散布する散布装置を備える、前記〔1〕〜〔6〕の何れか一つに記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔8〕前記センサ素子は、肥料成分を含む、前記〔1〕〜〔7〕の何れか一つに記載の環境情報収集システム。
〔9〕地球表面又は地球表層における環境情報を収集する航空機であって、
環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布され、環境に応じて特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つの特性が変化するセンサ素子から得られる電磁波を受信する受信部と、
前記受信部の受信結果を記録する記録部と、
を備える航空機。
〔10〕前記特定波長の電磁波を前記対象領域に送信する送信部を備える、前記〔9〕記載の航空機。
〔11〕前記センサ素子を、前記対象領域に散布する散布装置を備える、前記〔9〕又は〔10〕記載の航空機。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態による環境情報収集システムの概要を示す図である。図1に示す通り、本実施形態の環境情報収集システム1は、地表GFに散布されたセンサ素子10とドローン20(航空機)とを備えており、センサ素子10が散布された地表GFに対してドローン20が特定波長の電磁波E1を送信し、センサ素子10から得られる電磁波E2をドローン20が受信することで、地表GFの環境情報(例えば、水分量、温度、pH、日照量等)を収集する。
以下、本発明のセンサ素子の実施形態を説明する。
実施形態のセンサ素子は、地球表面又は地球表層における環境情報の収集に使用され、上記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布されて使用されるものであり、環境に応じて特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つの特性が変化するものである。
上記環境情報は、測定可能な項目であれば特に制限されるものではないが、水分量、温度、肥料等の栄養濃度、地中菌種構成比、及びpHの少なくとも1つであることが好ましい。
体積変化率(%)=(V1−V2)/V2×100
(上記式において、V1:温度25℃の水に15分浸漬させた後の基材の体積。V2:製造後上記V1の処理を経る前の基材の体積。)
pH応答性色素としては、水素イオン濃度に応じて変色する色素が挙げられ、pH指示薬として利用されているものであってよく、例えば、リトマス、ブロモチモールブルー、ブロモフェノールブルー、ブロムクレゾールパープル、フェノールレッド、フェノールフタレイン、メチルオレンジ、メチルレッド、メチルイエロー、メチルバイオレット、チモールブルー、チモールフタレイン等が挙げられる。
pH応答性色素はpH感受性蛍光色素であってもよい。pH感受性蛍光色素としては、水素イオン濃度に応じて蛍光色又は蛍光強度が変化する蛍光色素が挙げられ、例えば、pHrodo(登録商標)、Ageladine A、CypHer5等を例示できる。
センサ素子13は、色素を1種単独で含んでいてよく、2種類以上を組合せて含んでいてもよい。
このような蛍光色素としては、アクリジンオレンジ、オーラミンO、カルコフロールホワイト、臭化エチジウム、フルオレセインイソチオシアネート、Hoechst 33258、ローダミンB等が挙げられる。
したがって、実施形態のセンサ素子は、生分解性材料からなることが好ましい。実施形態のセンサ素子が、生分解性材料からなることで、環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域において分解されるため、センサ素子の回収を行わなくともよい。そのため、回収のためのコストを削減でき、環境負荷も低減される。
実施形態のセンサ素子は、それ自体に電磁波を発信する機能を有さないことが好ましい。
センサ素子の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、上記に例示した材料を成型することで、センサ素子を製造できる。例えば、上記に例示した基材を備えるセンサ素子を製造する場合、まず基材の材料と溶媒とを混錬して原料組成物を得て、それを公知のシート成型法で成型した後、得られたシートをセンサ素子の形状に切断してセンサ素子を得ることができる。センサ素子が色素を含む場合、上記原料組成物に色素を添加すればよい。シート成型法としては、溶融押出成型法、溶液流延法、カレンダー法、共押出法、ラミネート法等が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施形態として、センサ素子が、包装資材により包装された包装体を提供できる。包装資材としては、農業用資材として通常用いられている物を使用でき、例えば、肥料、土、土壌改良剤等の包装資材を転用でき、ポリ塩化ビニルシート、ポリオレフィンシート等が挙げられる。包装体1つあたりに含まれるセンサ素子の個数としては、特に限定されるものではないが、一例として、包装体1つあたり1000個以上であってよく、1,000〜5,000,000,000,000個であってよく、10,000〜1,000,000,000個であってよく、100,000〜10,000,000個であってよい。
包装体1つあたりにセンサ素子が数多く含まれることで、センサ素子を1度に数多く使用して環境情報を取得できることにつがなり、例えば環境情報を高分解能且つ広範囲で収集できる。
当該記載は、包装資材の表面に記載されていてもよく、別添の指示書に記載され、指示書とセンサ素子とがともに包装体に備えられていてもよい。
本発明の一実施形態として、上記センサ素子を、上記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布する、センサ素子の使用方法を提供できる。散布後の、センサ素子から得られる電磁波の受信と、環境情報の取得については、〈環境情報収集システム〉、〈航空機〉、および〈環境情報収集方法〉の内容を参照されたい。
センサ素子の散布の程度は、特に限定されるものではないが、一例として、1m2あたり1〜100,000個/m2であってよく、10〜10,000個/m2であってよく、100〜5,000個/m2であってよい。1m2あたりのセンサ素子の散布の程度が上記範囲内にあることで、環境情報を高分解能で収集できる。
センサ素子の散布の時期は、例えば、対象領域で栽培される農作物の播種前、播種と同時、播種後1週間以内などの時期が挙げられ、農作物の播種から収穫までの期間中に対象領域に位置するよう散布することが好ましい。
センサ素子の散布位置は、農作物が栽培されている栽培地の表面が好ましいが、センサ素子からの電磁波が受信可能な程度に土壌混和されていてもよい。農作物を基準とした散布位置としては、農作物の主茎から100cm以内が好ましく、10cm以内がより好ましく、1cm以内がさらに好ましい。
図6は、本発明の一実施形態による航空機としてのドローンの要部構成を示すブロック図である。図6に示す通り、ドローン20は、複数のロータ21、複数のESC(Electric Speed Controller)22、フライトコントローラ23(飛行制御部)、環境情報収集装置24、バッテリ25及び散布装置26を備える。尚、図6に例示するドローン20は、ロータ21及びESC22を4対備えるものである。
図7は、本発明の一実施形態による環境情報収集システムを用いた環境情報収集方法を説明するための平面図である。尚、ここでは、ドローン20をオートパイロットさせて環境情報を収集する方法を例に挙げて説明する。図7に示す矩形領域は、ドローン20を用いた環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域TA(地表GF上に設定された領域)を示している。この対象領域TA内には、予めセンサ素子10が散布されている。尚、図7では、図示の都合上、センサ素子10は数を減じて図示している。
10 センサ素子
11 センサ素子
12 センサ素子
13 センサ素子
14 センサ素子
20 航空機
21a ブレード
23 フライトコントローラ
24a 送信部
24b 受信部
24c 記録部
26 散布装置
E1 電磁波
E2 電磁波
FT 飛行経路情報
RT 飛行経路
TA 対象領域
Claims (8)
- 地球表面又は地球表層における環境情報の収集に使用され、前記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布されて使用されるものであり、
温度による熱膨張係数又は含水による体積変化率が異なる2つの基材が積層され、温度又は水分量の変化に応じて形状が変化することにより、特定波長の電磁波に対する反射特性、透過特性、吸収特性、及びルミネッセンス特性、並びに発光特性の少なくとも1つの特性が変化するセンサ素子。 - 蛍光色素を含む請求項1に記載のセンサ素子。
- 生分解性材料からなる請求項1又は2に記載のセンサ素子。
- 実質的に金属を含まない請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のセンサ素子。
- 電子部品を備えない請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のセンサ素子。
- 平均粒子径が0.1〜5mmである請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のセンサ素子。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のセンサ素子が、包装資材により包装された包装体。
- 前記環境情報の収集が行われる対象領域に散布されて使用されるものであることの記載を含む請求項7に記載の包装体。
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JP2018165871A JP6897643B2 (ja) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | センサ素子及び包装体 |
CN201910789908.8A CN110879076B (zh) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-26 | 环境信息收集系统 |
EP19194059.2A EP3620776B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-28 | Sensor element and packaged body |
US16/555,349 US11435295B2 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-29 | Sensor element and packaged body |
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