JP6859317B2 - 半固体フローLi/O2電池 - Google Patents
半固体フローLi/O2電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6859317B2 JP6859317B2 JP2018504908A JP2018504908A JP6859317B2 JP 6859317 B2 JP6859317 B2 JP 6859317B2 JP 2018504908 A JP2018504908 A JP 2018504908A JP 2018504908 A JP2018504908 A JP 2018504908A JP 6859317 B2 JP6859317 B2 JP 6859317B2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- QTJOIXXDCCFVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[O] Chemical compound [Li].[O] QTJOIXXDCCFVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 74
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 24
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910018071 Li 2 O 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 3
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium peroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][O-] HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004457 myocytus nodalis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- -1 oxygen radical species Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 208000033978 Device electrical impedance issue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007839 Kleinhovia hospita Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920007859 Kynar® HSV 900 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
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Description
使用される材料:
電解液は、テトラエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル(Sigma−Aldrich、TEGDME、≧99.0%):ビス(トリフルオロメタン)スルホンイミドリチウム塩(Sigma−Aldrich、LiTFSI、≧99.0%)が9:1モル比の溶液が使用され、グローブボックス(MBraun、Ar雰囲気、H2OおよびO2<1ppm)で調製され、保存された。使用前に、この溶液の含水量を、Karl−Fishser滴定(756/831 KF Coulometer−Metrohm)によって確認し、160ppmであることがわかった。
CP電極(A=0.45cm2)およびRVCSP(A=0.6cm2)電極の従来の恒温状態の5mLセル、およびRVCSP(0.385cm2 RVCSP幾何面積、カソード液30mL)を含むセミフローセルの定電流測定によって、酸素の酸化還元反応を調べた。リファレンス電極は、PYR14TFSI中、6・10−2M AgTFSIの銀線であった。電極電位をLiに対して監視し、Li+/Li対に対して報告する。
5mLの通常の電気化学セルで、電解液(TEGDME:LiTFSI 9:1mol、LiTFSI濃度約0.5mol/L)またはカソード液(TEGDME:LiTFSI 9:1mol、2%wt.SP)を用いて実験を行った。電解液またはカソード液に、連続して酸素を供給し、機械的に攪拌し、フローカソードの操作条件を模倣した。使用した多孔性カソード集電体は、CPまたはRVCSPであった。リチウム対向電極(多孔性フリットを介してカソード室によって分離されている)およびAg系リファレンス電極を使用した。リチウム対向電極は、リチウム箔(約1×5cm2)であり、ガラス棒の周囲に巻かれ、作業電極より10倍大きな面積を特徴としていた。作業電極の動作を制限しないように、基本的な試験にこのような手法を使用した。
マクロ多孔性RVC集電体をSPでコーティングした(SEM画像、図7)(0.385cm2、7mg/cm2のSP)。RVCSP集電体を使用し、図1および図2に模式的に示される半固体フローLi/O2セルを組み立てた。セルのコアは、グラスファイバーによって分離したリチウム金属アノードとRVCSP集電体を構成した。カソード液を、連続的にO2を豊富に含む状態にしつつ、蠕動ポンプによってセルを通して圧送した。基本的な試験のために、カソード液の流れを塞いださらなるリファレンス電極を使用した(図1および図2には報告していない)。
Claims (19)
- リチウムアノード(7)と、多孔性カソード集電体(9)と、前記リチウムアノード(7)と前記多孔性カソード集電体(9)の間に配置されているセパレータ(8)と、流動する非水半固体カソード液とを含み、前記流動する非水半固体カソード液が、電解液と、溶存酸素と、炭素質粒子とを含む、リチウム酸素電池。
- 電解液が、TEGDME、LiTFSI、イオン液体、ジメチルスルホキシド、およびこれらの混合物を含む群から選択される一つまたは組み合わせ、請求項1に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- カソード液が、1×10−3〜20×10−3mol/Lの溶存酸素を含み、好ましくは、カソード液が酸素で飽和している、請求項1または2に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 炭素質粒子が、カソード液に不溶性である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 炭素質粒子が、炭素、好ましくは、導電性カーボンブラックから構成される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 炭素質粒子が、1〜50%(w/w)、好ましくは2〜20%(w/w)の%(w/w)でカソード液中に存在する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 前記多孔性カソード集電体(9)が、カーボン紙、網目状ガラス質炭素、導電性カーボンブラックでコーティングされた網目状ガラス質炭素、メソポーラス炭素、活性炭、ナノ構造炭素およびこれらの組み合わせを含む群から選択される多孔性材料または組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 2つの電気接点(6)をさらに有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 1つの電気接点が、電池の正極端子に接続し、他の電気接点が、電池の負極端子に接続する、請求項8に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- ポンプ(4)をさらに備えており、前記ポンプが、電池にカソード液を循環させる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム酸素電池に用いる流動する非水半固体カソード液であって、
電解液と、溶存酸素と、炭素質粒子とを含む、流動する半固体非水カソード液。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池または請求項11に記載のカソード液の電気自動車への使用。
- 前記電気自動車が、自動車、モーターバイク、貨物自動車、スクーター、自転車を含む群から選択される、請求項12に記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池または請求項11に記載のカソード液を含む電気自動車。
- 前記電気自動車が、自動車、モーターバイク、貨物自動車、スクーター、自転車を含む群から選択される、請求項14に記載の電気自動車。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池または請求項11に記載のカソード液の据え付け型プラントへの使用。
- 前記据え付け型プラントが、再生可能エネルギープラントを含む群から選択される、請求項16に記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム酸素電池または請求項11に記載のカソード液を含む据え付け型プラント。
- 前記据え付け型プラントが、再生可能エネルギープラントを含む群から選択される、請求項18に記載の据え付け型プラント。
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ITUB2015A002701A ITUB20152701A1 (it) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | Batteria Li/O2 semi-solida a flusso |
IT102015000040796 | 2015-07-31 | ||
PCT/IB2016/054547 WO2017021840A1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-07-29 | Semi-solid flow li/o2 battery |
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JP6859317B2 true JP6859317B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
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US10916807B2 (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-02-09 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Lithium air battery that includes nonaqueous lithium ion conductor |
US11552351B2 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-01-10 | The Chinese University Of Hong Kong | Electrical cells and batteries, method for manufacturing the same and method for improving the performances of electrical cells and batteries |
US20220131160A1 (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2022-04-28 | Rheinische-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen | Electrode for metal-air batteries |
CN112018368B (zh) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种纳米化合金型负极材料及其制备方法 |
CN112018330B (zh) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种可脱碱金属离子材料及其制备方法 |
US11682807B2 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2023-06-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Catholyte for metal-oxygen battery |
CN113178647B (zh) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-06-14 | 常州大学 | 一种全封闭结构有机电解质锂氧电池及其制作方法 |
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US6296960B1 (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-02 | Reveo, Inc. | System and method for producing electrical power using metal-air fuel cell battery technology |
US6991876B2 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2006-01-31 | Sri International | Metal/active oxygen batteries |
DE102010033020A1 (de) * | 2010-07-31 | 2012-02-02 | Volkswagen Ag | Lithium-Luft-Batterie mit hoher Sauerstoffsättigung |
JP5163709B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-17 | 2013-03-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 金属空気電池用液状空気極、及び当該液状空気極を備える金属空気電池 |
JP2013165051A (ja) * | 2012-02-11 | 2013-08-22 | Tottori Univ | 電池正極材料とそれによる空気二次電池 |
US9722289B2 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2017-08-01 | Florida State University Research Foundation | Metal-air flow batteries using oxygen enriched electrolyte |
JP5994982B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-20 | 2016-09-21 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 電解質としてイオン性液体、空気極としてカーボンを分散したイオン性ゲルを用いたリチウム−空気二次電池 |
US9991492B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2018-06-05 | California Institute Of Technology | Separator enclosures for electrodes and electrochemical cells |
US9627727B2 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2017-04-18 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Lithium-air battery with cathode separated from free lithium ion |
US9343787B2 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-05-17 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Lithium-air battery with sodium salt as mediator |
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ITUB20152701A1 (it) | 2017-01-31 |
JP2018532224A (ja) | 2018-11-01 |
ES2742874T3 (es) | 2020-02-17 |
EP3329543A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
DK3329543T3 (da) | 2019-08-19 |
HRP20191320T1 (hr) | 2019-10-18 |
US20180226632A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
EP3329543B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
WO2017021840A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
PL3329543T3 (pl) | 2019-10-31 |
SI3329543T1 (sl) | 2019-11-29 |
PT3329543T (pt) | 2019-09-06 |
US10396349B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
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