JP6855505B2 - ブロモドメイン阻害剤としてのカルボリン誘導体 - Google Patents
ブロモドメイン阻害剤としてのカルボリン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6855505B2 JP6855505B2 JP2018557174A JP2018557174A JP6855505B2 JP 6855505 B2 JP6855505 B2 JP 6855505B2 JP 2018557174 A JP2018557174 A JP 2018557174A JP 2018557174 A JP2018557174 A JP 2018557174A JP 6855505 B2 JP6855505 B2 JP 6855505B2
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/437—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
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Description
本発明の目的はブロモドメイン阻害剤としてのカルボリン誘導体を提供することにある。
R1、R2、R3、R4はそれぞれ独立に水素、ハロゲン、C1-8アルキル基、C2-8アルケニル基、C2-8アルキニル基、C3-8シクロアルキル基、C1-8アルコキシ基、C1-8アルコキシカルボニル基、C3-8エポキシアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、または3〜12員の複素環基であるか、あるいは、隣接するR1、R2、R3、R4がそれと連結するA環における原子とともに3〜9員環を形成する。
R6は水素、ハロゲン、C1-8アルキル基、C2-8アルケニル基、C2-8アルキニル基、C3-8シクロアルキル基、C1-8アルコキシ基、C1-8アルコキシカルボニル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、または3〜12員の複素環基から選ばれる。
R8は水素、ハロゲン、C1-8アルキル基、C2-8アルケニル基、C2-8アルキニル基、C3-8シクロアルキル基、C1-8アルコキシ基、C1-8アルコキシカルボニル基から選ばれる。
R9は水素、ハロゲン、C1-8アルキル基、C2-8アルケニル基、C2-8アルキニル基、C3-8シクロアルキル基、C1-8アルコキシ基、C1-8アルコキシカルボニル基から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記カルボリン誘導体の構造は下記式IIで表され、
もう一つの好適な例において、QはNである。
もう一つの好適な例において、KはNである。
もう一つの好ましい例において、前記各置換とは1〜6個の置換基で置換されること、
好ましくは1〜3個の置換基で置換されることをいう。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記3〜9員環は飽和のものまたは不飽和のものである。
もう一つの好適な例において、R1およびR2はそれに連結する炭素原子とともに3〜9員環、好ましくは5員環または6員環を形成している。
もう一つの好適な例において、R2およびR3はそれに連結する炭素原子とともに3〜9員環、好ましくは5員環または6員環を形成している。
もう一つの好適な例において、R4は水素、ハロゲン、C1-3アルキル基、C2-4アルケニル基、C2-4アルキニル基、C1-5アルコキシ基からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、R6はアリール基、ヘテロアリール基、および3〜12員の複素環基からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好ましい例において、前記3〜12員の複素環基は飽和のものまたは不飽和のもので、かつN、OまたはSから選ばれる1、2、または3個のヘテロ原子を含有する。
もう一つの好適な例において、R7は水素、ハロゲン、C1-3アルキル基、C2-4アルケニル基、C2-4アルキニル基、C1-5直鎖および分岐鎖のアルコキシ基からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、R8は水素、ハロゲン、C1-8重水素化アルキル基、C2-4アルケニル基、C2-4アルキニル基からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、R8は重水素化メチル基である。
もう一つの好適な例において、R9はC1-3アルキル基、C2-8アルケニル基、C2-8アルキニル基、C3-8シクロアルキル基、C1-5アルコキシ基からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、式(I)の化合物におけるキラル炭素原子の立体配置はR型またはS型である。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記のカルボリン誘導体は下記群から選ばれる。
(c) 体外におけるブロモドメインに対する非治療的な抑制に使用されることを特徴とする使用を提供する。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記腫瘍は、肺癌、乳癌、血液癌、子宮頸癌、卵巣癌、胃腸癌、膵臓腺癌、前立腺癌、肝臓癌、脳癌、皮膚癌、およびほかの固形腫瘍などの疾患からなる群から選ばれる。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、Mはホウ酸またはホウ酸エステル基である。
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
もう一つの好適な例において、前記方法は、さらに、
本出願の発明者は幅広く深く研究したところ、初めて意外に、ブロモドメイン阻害剤として、構造が式Iで表される新規なカルボリン誘導体を研究・開発した。これに基づき、本発明を完成させた。
(用語)
特別に説明しない限り、本明細書に記載の「または」は「および/または」と同じ意味を有する(「または」ならびに「および」を指す)。
特別に説明しない限り、本発明のすべての化合物において、各キラル炭素原子(キラル中心)は任意にR配置またはS配置でもよく、あるいはR配置とS配置の混合物でもよい。
本明細書で用いられるように、用語「アルコキシカルボニル基」とは直鎖または分岐鎖のアルキル-オキシカルボニル基の断片(アルコキシ-C=O)をいう。アルコキシ基は1〜8個の炭素原子を有してもよい。アルコキシカルボニル基の前に炭素原子数の限定がある(たとえばC1-8)場合、前記のアルコキシカルボニル基が1〜8個の炭素原子を含有することをいい、たとえば、C1-8アルコキシカルボニル基とはC1-8アルコキシ-C=O-構造を有る基をいい、たとえばメトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基、t-ブトキシカルボニル基や類似の基が挙げられる。
ここで用いられるように、用語「薬学的に許容される塩」とは、本発明の化合物と薬学的に許容される無機酸や有機酸で形成される塩で、中でも、好適な無機酸は、塩酸、臭化水素酸、リン酸、硝酸、硫酸を含むが、これらに限定されない。また、好適な有機酸は、ギ酸、酢酸、プロパン酸、ブタン二酸、ナフタレンジスルホン酸(1,5)、アシアチン酸、シュウ酸、酒石酸、乳酸、サリチル酸、安息香酸、ペンタン酸、ジエチル酢酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、ピメリン酸、アジピン酸、マレイン酸、リンゴ酸、アミノスルホン酸、フェニルプロピオン酸、グルコン酸、アスコルビン酸、ニコチン酸、イソニコチン酸、メタンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸、クエン酸、およびアミノ酸を含むが、これらに限定されない。
ここで用いられるように、用語「薬学的に許容される立体異性体」とは、本発明の化合物に係るキラル炭素原子は、R配置でもよく、S配置でもよく、またはこれらの組み合わせでもよい。
また、本発明は、顕著な抗腫瘍効果を有する薬物組成物であって、治療有効量の前記式I化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩と、1つまたは2つ以上の薬学的に許容される担体とを含む薬物組成物を提供する。
化合物そのものまたはその薬学的に許容される塩と薬用賦形剤、希釈剤などの混合物を錠剤、カプセル、顆粒剤、散剤またはシロップ剤の様態で経口投与してもよく、あるいは注射剤の様態で非経口投与してもよい。当該薬物組成物は好ましくは重量比が0.01%〜99%の本発明の式I化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩を活性成分として含有し、より好ましくは重量比が0.1%〜90%の活性成分を含有する。
本発明化合物は、優れたブロモドメイン(bromodomain)に対する抑制活性を有するため、本発明化合物およびその各種の結晶型、薬学的に許容される無機・有機塩、水和物もしくは溶媒和物、並びに本発明化合物を主要活性成分として含有する薬物組成物はブロモドメイン活性または発現量に関連する疾患の治療、予防および緩和に有用である。既存技術では、本発明の化合物は、たとえば肺癌、膀胱癌、乳癌、胃癌、肝臓癌、唾液腺肉腫、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、子宮頸癌、上皮細胞癌、多発性骨髄腫、膵臓腺癌、リンパ腫、慢性骨髓性白血病、リンパ球性白血病などの様々な癌、たとえば関節リウマチ、II型コラーゲン関節炎、多発性硬化症、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、乾癬、若年発症性糖尿病、乾燥症候群、甲状腺疾患、サルコイドーシス、炎症性腸疾患、セリアック病などのT細胞によって調節される炎症や自己免疫疾患などの疾患の治療に使用することができるが、これらに限定されない。そして、ほかの神経性疾患、代謝性疾患、心血管疾患、ウイルス感染、炎症、組織線維化関連疾患などの治療にも使用することができる。
活性化合物の他、懸濁液は、懸濁剤、たとえば、エトキシ化イソオクタデカノール、ポリオキシエチレンソルビトールやソルビタンエステル、微晶質セルロース、メトキシアルミニウムや寒天またはこれらの物質の混合物などを含んでもよい。
胃腸外注射用組成物は、生理的に許容される無菌の水含有または無水溶液、分散液、懸濁液や乳液、および再溶解して無菌の注射可能な溶液または分散液にするための無菌粉末を含む。適切な水含有または非水性担体、希釈剤、溶媒または賦形剤は、水、エタノール、多価アルコールおよびその適切な混合物を含む。
本発明化合物は、単独で投与してもよいし、あるいは他の薬学的に許容される化合物と併用して投与してもよい。
本発明に基づいたカルボリン誘導体は、有機合成化学の分野で技術者に熟知の様々な方法によって製造することができる。以下に記載の方法を使用し、有機化学の分野で既知の合成方法と合わせて、あるいは当業者にわかるそれを変更されたものによって本発明の化合物を合成することができる。
本発明の一つの好適な実施形態において、本発明による化合物の合成経路は以下の通りである。
(1)本発明は新規な構造のカルボリン誘導体を提供する。
(2)本発明によって提供される化合物はブロモドメインに顕著な抑制作用を有する。
(3)本発明はブロモドメインに関連する疾患を予防または治療する薬物組成物を提供する。
化合物1a(15g,50mmol)を含有するメタノール(150ml)にメチルアミン(25ml,33%のエタノール溶液)を入れ、反応液を一晩還流させ、有機溶媒を吸引で除去した後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離して(PE/EA=3:1)黄色油状の化合物1bを得た。
化合物2a(15g,50mmol)を含有するメタノール(150ml)にメチルアミン(25ml,33%のエタノール溶液)を入れ、反応液を一晩還流させ、有機溶媒を吸引で除去した後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離して(PE/EA=3:1)黄色油状の化合物2bを得た。
化合物3a(15g,50mmol)を含有するメタノール(150ml)にメチルアミン(25ml,33%のエタノール溶液)を入れ、反応液を一晩還流させ、有機溶媒を吸引で除去した後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離して(PE/EA=3:1)黄色油状の化合物3bを得た。
化合物2b(10.5g,50mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(19g,75mmol)およびKOAc(7.5g,75mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(150ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 30ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(21g,75mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1 to 1:1)黄色固体の化合物4bを得た。
化合物5a(10.5g,50mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(19g,75mmol)およびKOAc(7.5g,75mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(150ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 30ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(21g,75mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1 to 1:1)黄色固体の化合物5bを得た。
化合物6a(10.5g,50mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(19g,75mmol)およびKOAc(7.5g,75mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(150ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 30ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(21g,75mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1 to 1:1)黄色固体の化合物6bを得た。
化合物7a(10.5g,50mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(19g,75mmol)およびKOAc(7.5g,75mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(150ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 30ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(21g,75mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1 to 1:1)黄色固体の化合物7bを得た。
化合物8a(11.5g,50mmol)を含有する51mlのエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル溶液に51mlの無水ヒドラジンを入れ、反応液を撹拌して3時間還流させた。室温に冷却した後、エチレングルコールジメチルエーテルを減圧で蒸発させた後、残留液に氷塊を入れて白色固体が形成した。ろ過し、水で洗浄した後、ジクロロメタンで溶解させ、ろ過した。ろ液を減圧で蒸発させた後化合物8bを得た。
化合物9a(5g,24mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(7.6g,30mmol)およびKOAc(5g,48mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(150ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 20ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(8g,30mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1 to 1:1)黄色固体の化合物9bを得た。
化合物10a(10g,51mmol)を含有する100ml THF溶液に氷浴の条件においてNaH(2.4g,60mmol, 60%)を入れた。氷浴の条件において反応液を1時間撹拌した後、25mlの2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシメチルクロリド(SEMCl,8.5g,51.2mmol)を含有するTHF溶液をゆっくり滴下した後、一晩撹拌した。水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した後、混合された有機相を乾燥し、吸引乾燥して粗製品を得、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離・精製して(PE:EA = 100:1 to 10:1)白色固体の化合物10bを得た。
MS(ESI)m/z:477.4(M+H)+.
化合物11a(10g,51mmol)を含有する100ml THF溶液に氷浴の条件においてNaH(2.4g,60mmol, 60%)を入れた。氷浴の条件において反応液を1時間撹拌した後、25mlの2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシメチルクロリド(SEMCl,8.5g,51.2mmol)を含有するTHF溶液をゆっくり滴下した後、一晩撹拌した。水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した後、混合された有機相を乾燥し、吸引乾燥して粗製品を得、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離・精製して(PE:EA = 100:1 to 10:1)白色固体の化合物11bを得た。
化合物12a(10g,48.4mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(14.4g,56.8mmol)およびKOAc(9.3g,95mmol)を含有する1,4-ジオキサン(200ml)混合液にPd(dppf)2Cl2(1.5g)を入れ、窒素ガスで洗浄した。反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。室温に冷却した後、さらにNa2CO3水溶液(2.5M, 38ml)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(1g)および2,5-ジブロモ-3-ニトロピリジン(16g,56.8mmol)を入れた。窒素を10分間導入した後、反応瓶を密閉し、反応液を85℃で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。混合された有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥し、吸引乾燥し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製して(PE:EA=10:1〜1:1)黄色固体の化合物12bを得た。
化合物6d(1g,2.1mmol)、中間体d(1.7g,4.3mmol)(中間体dの製造は文献で報告された方法、WO2015100282を参照する)、トリエチルアミン(0.6ml,4.2mmol)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(200mg)を含有するDMF (20ml)の混合液を窒素ガスで洗浄し、反応瓶を密閉した後、100〜140℃で加熱して4h撹拌した後、水に注いだ。DCMで抽出し、混合された有機相を乾燥し、吸引乾燥して粗製品を得、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離・精製して(DCM:MeOH=50:1〜10:1)黄色固体の粗製品を得、さらにHPLCによって精製して化合物13を得た。
化合物11e(1.5g,2.5mmol)、中間体d(2g,5mmol)、トリエチルアミン(0.7ml,5mmol)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(300mg)を含有するDMF(20ml)の混合液を窒素ガスで洗浄し、反応瓶を密閉した後、100〜140℃で加熱して4h撹拌した後、水に注いだ。DCMで抽出し、混合された有機相を乾燥し、吸引乾燥して粗製品を得、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって分離・精製して(DCM:MeOH=50:1〜10:1)黄色固体の粗製品の化合物14aを得た。
TR-FRET BRD4活性検出:BRD4活性検出はCaymanキットにおけるTR-FRET方法によって行われた。超純水で3 × BRD TR-FRETアッセイ緩衝液 1を1 × BRD TR-FRETアッセイ緩衝液に希釈して使用に備えた。1 × BRD TR-FRETアッセイ緩衝液でそれぞれTb標識ドナーおよび色素標識アクセプターを100倍に希釈した。サンプルウェル、陰性対照ウェルおよび陽性ウェルにそれぞれ5μlの希釈されたTb標識ドナーおよび色素標識アクセプターを入れた。調製された1 × BRD TR-FRETアッセイ緩衝液で10%のDMSO溶液を調製し(DMSO濃度が高すぎると反応に影響するため、DMSOの最終濃度を1%に抑えた)、その後10%のDMSO溶液で被験化合物を希釈し、化合物の初期スクリーニング濃度は1μMおよび100 nMで、IC50測定は10μMまたは100μMから、3倍の勾配で希釈し、8個または10個の濃度点を設けた。
細胞活性検出: MDA-MB-231細胞株は中国科学院上海細胞資源センターから購入され、CCK-8のキットにおける方法によって行われた。対数生長期の細胞を収集し、計数し、完全培地で細胞を再懸濁させ、細胞濃度を適切な濃度(細胞密度によって試験結果を最適化して決められる)に調整し、96ウェルプレートに接種し、各ウェルに細胞懸濁液を100μlずつ入れた。細胞を37 ℃、100 %相対湿度、5 % CO2のインキュベーターで24時間インキュベートした。培地で被験化合物稀釈を設定された相応する作用濃度に希釈し、25μl/ウェルで細胞を入れた。化合物の作用の最終濃度は1 μM〜0 μMで、3倍の勾配で希釈し、計10個の濃度点を設けた。細胞を37 ℃、100 %相対湿度、5 % CO2のインキュベーターで72時間インキュベートした。そのままで1/10体積の CCK-8を細胞培地に入れ、37 ℃のインキュベーターで2〜4時間インキュベートした。軽く振とうした後、SpectraMax M5 Microplate Readerで波長450 nmにおける吸光度を測定し、650 nmにおける吸光度を参照とし、抑制率を算出し、ソフトGraphpad Prism 5によってIC50曲線のフィッティングを行ってIC50値を算出した。
本願に付いた請求の範囲によって限定される範囲に含まれる。
Claims (5)
- (i)治療有効量の請求項1に記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩と、(ii)薬学的に許容される担体とを含むことを特徴とする薬物組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の式II化合物またはその薬学的に許容される塩の使用であって、
(a) ブロモドメイン阻害剤の製造、
(b) ブロモドメインに関連する疾患を予防および/または治療する薬物の製造、ならびに/あるいは
(c) 体外におけるブロモドメインに対する非治療的な抑制
に用いられることを特徴とする使用。
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |