JP6853497B2 - Hydroponic cultivation system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation system in which a culture solution is supplied to a cultivation shelf to cultivate crops.

In the cultivation facility shown in Prior Patent Document 1, a culture solution prepared by mixing water and nutrients in a nutrient solution tank is supplied to a crop cultivation shelf to cultivate the crop. At this time, since the culture solution discharged from the drainage port of the cultivation shelf contains nutrients that the crop did not absorb, the nutrient solution is collected in a recovery tank to keep the nutrient concentration in the culture solution constant. When the amount of water in the tank decreases, the culture solution can be returned from the recovery tank to the nutrient solution tank, diluted with water, or added with nutrients and circulated for use. The cost can be suppressed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-19438

However, the amount absorbed and consumed by crops differs for each nutrient, and the concentration of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank cannot be detected by the concentration sensor, so the concentration of the mixed nutrients for each component cannot be grasped, so individual adjustment within the appropriate concentration range is possible. However, as the solution is repeatedly circulated, the nutrients required for the growth of the crop may decrease, and the concentration of components that are not well absorbed by the crop may increase. There is a problem of deterioration, and depending on the nutrient, if the concentration becomes too high, the water absorption and growth of the crop may be hindered, and poor growth and deterioration of quality are more likely to occur.
On the other hand, in order to detect a specific component concentration, it is necessary to provide sensors corresponding to each component, and as a result of providing various sensors, the control device becomes complicated and the total number of parts in the cultivation facility increases. Since it increases, there is a problem that the cultivation cost increases.

An object of the present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a nutrient solution cultivation system that enables an appropriate nutrient blending with a simple sensor configuration for a culture solution supplied to a cultivation shelf.

The invention according to claim 1 is from an adjustment tank (2) provided with a nutrient concentration sensor (2s) and capable of adjusting the culture solution (A) containing water and nutrients to a predetermined reference concentration, and from the adjustment tank (2). The cultivation shelf (3) that receives the culture solution (A) and supplies it to the cultivated crop (P), and a recovery tank (4) that collects the culture effluent (B) of the cultivation shelf (3) are provided. In a nutrient solution cultivation system that circulates the culture solution reusably in the adjustment tank (2), a solution of an identification reagent that reacts with the first specific component that is a growth inhibitory component of the cultivated crop (P) and is detected as nutrients. A reagent supply device (T) supplied therein, a first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) that detects the concentration of the first specific component based on the reaction result of the identification reagent, and the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1). It is characterized by including a notification member (R) that operates when the detected concentration of S1) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

Further, a sampling tank (5) provided with a drain valve (V2) for receiving the culture drainage (B) from the recovery tank (4) and reaching a disposal route, and an equipment control device (C) are provided. The reagent supply device (T) and the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) are arranged in the sampling tank (5), and the culture drainage (B) is received in the sampling tank (5) at regular intervals. It is characterized in that after operating the reagent supply device (T) and the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1), discharge control is performed in the disposal route.

The invention according to claim 2 has the configuration according to claim 1.
The adjusting tank (2) is provided with a water supply device (2b) capable of controlling water supply and a second nutrient concentration sensor (4s) for detecting nutrients in the culture drainage (B) of the recovery tank (4). The water supply amount of the water supply device (2b) is adjusted to the reference concentration determined in correspondence with the detection value of the second nutrient concentration sensor (4s), and the culture drainage (B) of the recovery tank (4) is reused. It is characterized by that.

According to the invention of claim 1, the nutrients and water required for the growth of the cultivated crop (P) can be adjusted in the adjusting tank (2) based on a simple nutrient concentration sensor (2s) such as an electric conduction sensor. Crop cultivation is continued by circulating this culture solution in the order of the cultivation shelf (3) and the recovery tank (4), and during this period, the reagent supply device (T) and the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) are used. The amount of growth-inhibiting component produced in the culture medium such as magnesium sulfate can be grasped with high accuracy via a reactant using an identification reagent such as calcium nitrate, and notification when the growth-inhibiting component exceeds the permissible limit due to accumulation can be obtained. By optimizing the culture solution based on the operation of the member (R), it is possible to prevent the culture solution from continuing to circulate in a state where the nutrients necessary for the growth of the cultivated crop (P) are insufficient, so that it is highly functional. Poor growth and deterioration of crop quality are prevented without the need for sensors.

In addition , the identification reagent is added to the culture effluent (B) extracted into the sampling tank (5) at regular intervals to detect the concentration of the reaction result, and then the culture effluent (B) is discharged to the disposal route. As a result, it is possible to prevent reagents and reactants from being mixed into the circulation pathway of the culture solution, and thus it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the growth of the crop.

In the invention according to claim 2 , in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the adjusting tank (2) is adjusted according to the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the recovery tank (4). As a result, the nutrient concentration suitable for the growth of the crop can be obtained by mixing the culture effluent of the recovery tank (4), so that poor growth and deterioration of quality due to excessive nutrients can be prevented.

System system diagram (a) and main part configuration diagram (b) of the nutrient solution cultivation system Another block diagram of the sampling tank System system diagram of nutrient solution cultivation system by sodium ion meter Main part configuration of liquid supply adjustment example according to the collected culture solution concentration Skylight opening adjustment mechanism Control example for the amount of solar radiation of blackout curtains Greenhouse configuration side view and control example of maximum opening for wind speed during rainfall

An embodiment specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the system system diagram of FIG. 1A, the nutrient solution cultivation system 1 receives the adjustment tank 2 for adjusting the water and nutrients of the culture solution, and the culture solution A from the adjustment tank 2 to the cultivated crop P. The cultivation shelf 3 to be supplied, the recovery tank 4 for collecting the used culture solution B from the cultivation shelf 3, and the reusable culture solution C are circulatedly connected to the adjustment tank 2.

Specifically, the adjustment tank 2 is provided with the nutrient concentration sensor 2s, and is configured to be able to adjust water and nutrients, respectively, in order to adjust the culture solution Å to a predetermined concentration. The culture solution A can secure the component adjustment accuracy required for the cultivated crop P by supplying water and nutrients based on the EC value indicating the electrical conductivity detected by the simple electrical conductivity sensor.

The recovery tank 4 is configured so that the culture drainage B can be discharged to the disposal route by controlling the opening / closing of the discharge valve V2, and is based on the alarm operation of the notification device R when the recycling use becomes the limit due to the long-term circulation of the culture liquid. Proper management of nutrients is possible by discharging the culture drainage B.

Generally, in hydroponic cultivation, the cultivated crop P absorbs nutrients from the culture solution for growth, but the nutrients in the culture solution are basically added in the adjusting tank 2 so as not to cause a shortage. The nutrients absorbed by the cultivated crop P vary depending on the growing season (the stage when the foliage grows, the time when it blooms, the time when it bears fruit, etc.) and the environment of the place (temperature, humidity, amount of solar radiation, etc.). When the amount of a part absorbed by the cultivated crop P decreases, the concentration of a part of nutrients in the culture solution increases. As a result, the culture solution has a high EC value but lacks the nutrients required by the cultivated crop P, and reaches the limit of recycling.

However, in order to determine the difference between the culture solution that has reached the above recycling limit and the culture solution that contains the necessary nutrients, a sensor or a detection device that detects the concentration of a specific nutrient is required. Since such equipment is often not incorporated in a nutrient solution cultivation system and is expensive, conventionally, a worker extracts a small amount of nutrient solution and sends it to an inspection institution to grasp whether or not it can be recycled based on the inspection result. Was. Since it takes time from sending to the inspection organization to obtaining the inspection result, if the recycling limit is reached during that time, there is a problem that the cultivated crop P causes poor growth due to lack of nutrients. There is a method in which the culture solution is replaced regularly without performing such an inspection, but there is a problem that the culture solution that can be sufficiently recycled is discarded depending on the replacement time, which causes an increase in cost. On the other hand, depending on the replacement time, the culture solution may continue to be used while reaching the recycling limit, so that there is a problem that the cultivated crop P causes poor growth due to lack of nutrients.

(Sampling tank)
For the alarm operation of the notification device R, as shown in the sampling tank configuration diagram of FIG. 1 (b), the sampling tank 5 is formed of a transparent container such as acrylic, and the first identification is performed by the reagent supply device T and the transmitted light sensor. A concentration detection sensor S1 is provided and attached to the recovery tank 4.

The reagent supply device T took in an identification reagent such as calcium nitrate that reacts with the first specific component which is a growth inhibitory component in the culture solution such as magnesium sulfate which is a false detection factor of the nutrient concentration sensor 2s from the recovery tank 4. The first specific concentration detection sensor S1 which is added to the culture effluent and detects calcium sulfate which is a reaction precipitate with sulfate ions by transmitted light is provided, and the reaction liquor can be discharged by the discharge valve V2.

With the sampling tank 5 having the above configuration, the amount of growth-inhibiting component produced in the culture solution such as magnesium sulfate is turbid by the reactant by the identification reagent such as calcium nitrate without requiring a high-level specialized analysis process. It can be grasped with high accuracy, and when the alarm of the notification member R is activated when the permissible limit of the growth-inhibiting component is exceeded, the culture effluent B should be discarded and the culture broth A to be supplied should be replaced. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the culture solution from continuing to circulate in a state where the nutrients necessary for growing the crop are insufficient, so that poor growth and deterioration of the quality of the crop can be prevented without requiring a high-performance sensor.

(Scale type sampling tank)
Further, as shown in another configuration diagram of the sampling tank of FIG. 2, by providing the sampling tank 5 with a scale 5a, the growth-inhibiting component is accumulated based on the amount of precipitation of the reaction precipitate without using the transmitted light sensor S1. It is possible to accurately grasp the amount and respond.

(Sodium ion compatible)
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a sodium ion meter is used to activate an alarm when the sodium ion, which is an absorption-inhibiting component of the cultivated crop P accumulated in the culture broth, becomes excessive due to the recycling of the culture effluent B. A nutrient solution cultivation system 11 by detecting a specific concentration is configured.

The nutrient solution cultivation system 11 collects the second specific concentration detection sensor S2 by a sodium ion meter that detects the concentration of the second specific component such as sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, which are factors that inhibit the absorption of the cultivated crop P in the culture solution. By providing in No. 4 and configuring the notification member R to activate an alarm when the detected concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, sodium ions contained in the raw water W can be accumulated in a long-term use (for example, 100 mg of sodium ions in a liter). ), Since the yield decreases, it is possible to prevent water absorption inhibition and protein synthesis inhibition during growth and to improve the growth by discarding the culture solution.

Further, by using the sodium ion meter as a sulfate ion meter, it is possible to deal with the excessive accumulation of sulfate ions. In this way, it is possible to manage the nutrient solution by detecting the nutrient concentration based on the EC value by a simple electric conductivity sensor for each component.

(Recovery liquid standard)
Next, a circulation system for adjusting the supply of liquid based on the culture drainage B collected in the recovery tank 4 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the configuration of the main part of the liquid supply adjustment example 12 based on the collected culture solution concentration is provided in the recovery tank 4 with the second nutrient concentration sensor 4s, and the adjustment tank 2 is adjusted according to the excess of the standard of the drain EC value detected. By reducing the standard EC value and increasing the amount of the culture solution to be sent to the cultivation shelf 3, stable solution management becomes possible.

Specifically, a water supply device 2b for supplying water to the adjusting tank 2 and a second nutrient concentration sensor 4s of the recovery tank 4 are provided, and the nutrient concentration sensor of the adjusting tank 2 corresponds to the detected value of the second nutrient concentration sensor 4s. The nutrient concentration standard according to 2s is changed, and the water supply amount of the water supply device 2b is adjusted so as to reach this standard concentration.

In this way, by adjusting the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the adjustment tank 2 according to the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the recovery tank 4, the culture solution is moved from the recovery tank 4 to the adjustment tank 2 and mixed. Since the nutrient concentration can be adjusted to be suitable for the growth of crops, poor growth and deterioration of quality due to excessive nutrients can be prevented.

That is, the higher the nutrient concentration detected by the second nutrient concentration sensor 4s, the more nutrients are returned without being absorbed by the crop. Therefore, water is added to the adjusting tank 2 to lower the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the tank. By returning the culture solution in the recovery tank 4 to the adjustment tank 2, the nutrient concentration in the culture solution can be brought close to the reference value.

For example, the reference EC value of the adjustment tank 2 is set to 2.5. At this time, when the drain EC value of the nutrient solution in the recovery tank 4 is less than 3.5, a standard amount of raw water can be supplied to the nutrient solution sent from the recovery tank 4 to the adjustment tank 2 and mixed. Since the nutrients in the solution have a concentration suitable for plant growth, the reference EC value and the amount of raw water supplied are not changed.

However, when the drain EC value is 3.5 or more and less than 4.0, there is a large amount of nutrients dissolved in the nutrient solution in the recovery tank 4, so if raw water is added so that the reference EC value becomes 2.5. , The concentration of nutrients increases. When this nutrient solution is supplied to cultivated crops, poor growth and deterioration of quality may occur due to excessive nutrients. To prevent this, the standard EC value is lowered to about 2.0 to supply more raw water so that the concentration of nutrients in the nutrient solution does not exceed a certain value. The amount of raw water supplied at this time is increased by about 5% as compared with the standard amount.

When the drain EC value is 4.0 or more and less than 4.5, the reference EC value is lowered to about 1.7 to 1.8, and the supply amount of raw water is further increased. The amount of raw water supplied at this time is increased by about 10% as compared with the standard amount.

When the drain EC value is 4.5 or more, the reference EC value is lowered to about 1.5, and the supply amount of raw water is further increased. The amount of raw water supplied at this time is increased by about 20% as compared with the standard amount.

The above standard EC value, drain EC value, and raw water supply amount are reference values only, and are values that increase or decrease according to the nutrients used for the nutrient solution, the crops that supply the nutrient solution, and the growth stage of the crops. Shall be changed.
Further, when the drain EC value is significantly lower than 3.5, the nutrients in the nutrient solution may be insufficient. Therefore, the nutrients may be supplied to the adjusting tank 2 in addition to the raw water.

On the other hand, when the drain EC value greatly exceeds 4.5 (for example, 5.5 or more), the amount of raw water supplied becomes enormous and may exceed the capacity of the adjusting tank 2, so that it is supplied to the adjusting tank 2. Before, a part of the nutrient solution may be discarded from the recovery tank 4. In addition, when the nutrients in the nutrient solution become excessively high in this way, there is a possibility that the nutrients in the nutrient solution are not absorbed by the crops, so the notification device R is activated. Alternatively, if the worker is notified of the abnormal concentration by a method such as sending an e-mail or the like, the supply of nutrient solution unsuitable for growing the crop is prevented.

(Skylight opening / closing control)
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the opening degree adjusting mechanism of the skylight 21 of the cultivation equipment is such that the opening degree of the skylight 21 for electrically advancing / retreating the opening / closing rod 21a via the rack and pinion mechanism 22 is determined by an opening meter or a drive motor. When the position meter is not provided in, it is calculated based on the energizing time of the motor, and this calculated opening includes an error due to the change in opening due to the influence of wind load, etc., and the error increases due to the accumulation. Therefore, a control is added to fully close the skylight 21 (stop with the limit switch attached to the motor) at regular intervals.

A method of setting a predetermined opening degree without a position meter when opening the skylight 21 will be described. Taking an example in which the drive motor operates for 60 seconds from the time when the skylight 21 is fully closed to the time when the skylight 21 is fully opened, when the skylight 21 is opened 10%, it is stopped when the drive motor operates for about 6 seconds. In reality, there is a slight time lag between the start of driving the drive motor and the arrival of a sufficient rotation speed for opening the top window 21, so the time required for the rotation speed of the drive motor to reach the specified rotation speed is used as the drive motor. It may be added to the operating time of.

With this fully closed control, even in a situation with a large error, by maintaining the fully closed state for several minutes, the error can be reset with the fully closed state as the opening degree of 0%, so the influence of external conditions is minimized. It is possible to control the opening and closing with high accuracy at low cost.
Further, by fully closing the skylight 21 when the number of times of operation of the motor reaches a predetermined number of times (example: 50 times) including forward and reverse rotation, the accumulation of errors can be suppressed as in the above control. High-precision opening and closing control is possible.

(Light-shielding curtain opening / closing control)
Next, regarding the opening / closing control of the light-shielding curtain covering the upper part of the cultivation facility, the humidity response control is performed so as to increase the light-shielding rate by closing the light-shielding curtain according to the decrease in indoor humidity.
For example, when the humidity is less than 60%, the light-shielding curtain control is turned on, and the light-shielding opening is increased to 70% and 80% in response to a humidity decrease of 60% and 50% and 40% to control the humidity. This makes it possible to suppress excessive transpiration (withering) of crops due to low humidity and reduce physiological disorders of crops.

In addition, the light-shielding curtain is closed to increase the light-shielding rate as the room temperature rises.
For example, when the room temperature is over 28 ° C, the light-shielding curtain control is turned on and the light-shielding opening is 60%, and when the room temperature is over 35 ° C, the light-shielding opening is 70% and 80% when the room temperature is over 35 ° C. It is possible to suppress excessive transpiration (withering) of crops and reduce physiological disorders of crops.

Regarding the control for the amount of solar radiation, the maximum and minimum amount of solar radiation during the day and its duration are measured, and the maximum and minimum values and time are used to control the light-shielding curtain so as to maintain the light-shielding state. As shown in the control example corresponding to the amount of solar radiation of the light-shielding curtain of No. 6, by suppressing the change in opening and closing of the light-shielding curtain on a day when the amount of solar radiation is large, the temperature of the crop body suddenly changes and the amount of evapotranspiration is excessive.・ It is possible to suppress undershooting.

The maximum and minimum amount of solar radiation during the day and their duration vary greatly depending on the season and the weather of the day, so it shall be obtained from the data for several days in each season. If the same cultivated crop P was cultivated in the same facility in the past, the past data is used as a reference. If there are data for multiple years, it is possible to control the opening and closing of the blackout curtain more effectively by using the data of the environment close to the time of actual cultivation.

The blackout curtain closes when the amount of solar radiation is large to prevent excessive photosynthesis of the cultivated crop P, and opens when the amount of solar radiation is small to promote the photosynthesis of the cultivated crop P. Therefore, first, it is necessary to determine the amount of solar radiation that serves as a reference for opening and closing the blackout curtain. For example, this opening / closing reference value is set to 600 W. When the current amount of solar radiation exceeds the opening / closing reference value, that is, when it is 600 W or more, it is judged that the amount of solar radiation is too large and the blackout curtain is closed. On the other hand, when the amount of solar radiation is less than the opening / closing reference value, that is, when it is less than 600 W, it is determined that the amount of solar radiation required for photosynthesis cannot be obtained through the light-shielding curtain, and the light-shielding curtain is opened. As a result, it is possible to secure an amount of solar radiation suitable for cultivation of the cultivated crop P at least during the daytime.

However, in the weather where clouds do not cover the whole sky and the solar radiation is blocked or passed through in a short time, the amount of solar radiation repeatedly exceeds or falls below the opening / closing standard value for a short time, for example, at intervals of about 10 minutes. become. The blackout curtains installed in the cultivation equipment are reasonably long, and it takes several minutes from fully open to fully closed, or from fully closed to fully open, and depending on the size of the equipment, it takes more than ten minutes, so the amount of solar radiation changes in a short time. If it is opened and closed every time, the blackout curtain will open when the amount of solar radiation increases, the temperature inside the equipment will rise excessively, or the cultivated crop P will photosynthesize excessively, causing excessive transpiration. As a result, it may cause poor growth. On the contrary, when the amount of solar radiation is low, the blackout curtain is closed, sufficient sunlight cannot be taken into the equipment, photosynthesis cannot be sufficiently performed, and growth failure may occur.

In order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 6, when the amount of solar radiation repeatedly exceeds or falls below the opening / closing reference value within a predetermined time (example: 15 minutes) with the blackout curtain closed, the amount of solar radiation is 600 W. The blackout curtain will not be opened even if it falls below.

As a result, even if the amount of solar radiation exceeds 600 W again in a short time, the blackout curtain is in a closed state, so that strong sunlight can be prevented from entering the equipment, and excessive evaporation due to temperature rise or excessive photosynthesis can be prevented. Is prevented and the growth of the cultivated crop P is stable.

In addition, when the amount of solar radiation repeatedly exceeds or falls below the opening / closing reference value within a predetermined time (example: 15 minutes) with the blackout curtain open, the blackout curtain is not closed even if the amount of solar radiation exceeds 600 W. And.

As a result, even if the amount of solar radiation falls below 600 W again in a short period of time, the blackout curtain is in the open state, so that sunlight can be taken into the equipment, and the occurrence of poor growth due to insufficient photosynthesis can be prevented. The growth of cultivated crop P is stable.

(Skylight opening / closing control / rainy weather)
When it rains, as shown in the side view of the greenhouse configuration in Fig. 7 and the control example of the maximum opening for wind speed during rainfall, the wind speeds are supported by the anemometers WV1 and WV2 separately for the windward and leeward sky windows SL1 and SL2. By setting the maximum opening, the sky window opens a little wider if there is no wind, and the sky window opening is reduced so as to suppress the inflow of rain as the wind speed rises, thereby maximizing the sky window opening during rainfall. It is possible to secure the limit and reduce the fluctuation of temperature and humidity in the greenhouse.

When rain enters the equipment, unplanned water is supplied to the cultivated crop P, which may cause growth disorders such as root rot due to excessive water content. In addition, since rainwater entering from the field is not sterilized, if a large amount of rainwater enters the facility, the cultivated crop P may be contaminated with fungi and viruses, causing growth failure or withering. Since the cultivation facility is basically a closed environment, once it is contaminated with bacteria or viruses, it is highly likely that it will spread throughout the facility. In addition, when rainwater collects in the equipment, it evaporates and raises the humidity in the equipment, but the temperature inside the equipment tends to rise during sunshine, which may cause problems such as wilting of cultivated crops P. Furthermore, when a strong wind blows, the posture of the cultivated crop P becomes unsuitable for work during growth or cultivation (removal of unnecessary leaves and fruits, measurement of growth status, etc.), resulting in a decrease in work efficiency and quality of the harvested product. There is a risk that the number of flowers and fruits will be blown away.

On the other hand, if the skylight is completely closed, the temperature and humidity in the equipment are likely to rise due to the heat and water vapor generated by the growth of the cultivated crop P. As a result, the growth of the cultivated crop P is inhibited, and there is a problem that poor growth and deterioration of the quality of the harvested product occur. If an air conditioner or the like is used, the temperature and humidity can be controlled appropriately, but there is a problem that extra power distribution equipment is required and power consumption and the like increase.

In order to prevent this, by changing the maximum opening degree of the skylight according to the wind speed as described above, it is possible to take in outside air while suppressing the amount of rainwater infiltrating into the equipment.

As an example of the opening of the skylight according to the wind speed, when the windward windward is less than 2 km / s and the windward windward is less than 3 km / s, the maximum opening of the skylight on the windward side, which is easily exposed to rain. Is up to 5% when fully open, and the maximum opening of the leeward skylight, which is not easily exposed to rain, is up to 15% when fully open. The maximum opening degree shown here is an example, and it is assumed that the amount of rainfall per hour is about 1 mm. When the amount of rainfall per hour is higher, the maximum opening may be automatically controlled so as to be less than the above number.

When the wind force on the leeward side is 2 km / s or more and less than 4 km / s and the wind force on the leeward side is 3 km / s or more and less than 6 km / s, the maximum opening of the windward window on the leeward side is 3% when fully opened. The maximum opening of the leeward window is up to 10% of the time when it is fully opened.

When the windward windward is 4 km / s or more and less than 6 km / s and the windward windward is 6 km / s or more and less than 8 km / s, if the windward windward window is open to some extent, there will be a gap due to wind pressure. Since there is a high possibility that rainwater will enter from the wind, it should be fully closed, and the maximum opening of the leeward sky window should be up to 5% of the maximum opening.

When the windward windward is 6 km / s or more and the windward windward is 8 km / s or more, the strong wind may disturb the posture of the cultivated crop P or blow off flowers and fruits. Both the leeward and leeward sky windows are fully closed to prevent the inflow of wind.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature and humidity inside the equipment from rising while preventing rainwater and strong winds from entering the equipment.

(Summary of configuration)
The main points of the configuration of the hydroponic cultivation system having the above configuration are as follows.
First, in the culture solution circulation type crop cultivation system using the adjustment tank 2, the cultivation shelf 3, and the recovery tank 4, an identification reagent that reacts with the first specific component that is a growth inhibitory component of the cultivated crop P and is detected as a nutrient is used. The reagent supply device T supplied into the solution, the first specific concentration detection sensor S1 that detects the concentration of the first specific component based on the reaction result of the identification reagent, and the detection concentration of the first specific concentration detection sensor S1 are predetermined. By providing a notification member R that operates when the value is equal to or higher than the value to form a crop cultivation system, the nutrients required for the growth of the cultivated crop P in the adjustment tank 2 based on a simple nutrient concentration sensor 2s such as an electric conduction sensor. And water can be adjusted, and by circulating this culture solution in the order of the cultivation shelf 3 and the recovery tank 4, crop cultivation is continued, and during this period, the reagent supply device T and the first specific concentration detection sensor S1 , The amount of growth-inhibiting component produced in the culture medium such as magnesium sulfate can be grasped with high accuracy via a reactant using an identification reagent such as calcium nitrate, and when the growth-inhibiting component exceeds the permissible limit due to accumulation. By optimizing the culture solution based on the operation of the notification member R, it is possible to prevent the culture solution from continuing to circulate in a state where the nutrients necessary for the growth of the cultivated crop P are insufficient, so that a high-performance sensor is required. Without this, poor growth and deterioration of crop quality are prevented.

Secondly, a sampling tank 5 provided with a drain valve V2 that receives the culture drainage B from the recovery tank 4 and reaches the disposal route, an equipment control device C, a reagent supply device T, and a first specific concentration detection sensor are provided. S1 is arranged in the sampling tank 5, and the sample tank 5 receives the culture drainage B at regular intervals to operate the reagent supply device T and the first specific concentration detection sensor S1 and then discharge control to the disposal route. By constructing as such, the identification reagent is put into the culture effluent B extracted into the sampling tank 5 at regular intervals to detect the concentration of the reaction result, and then the culture effluent B is discharged to the disposal route. Since reagents and reactants can be prevented from being mixed into the circulation pathway of the culture solution, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the growth of the crop.

Third, in the culture solution circulation type crop cultivation system, the second specific concentration detection sensor S2 that detects the concentration of the second specific component that becomes an absorption inhibitory factor of the cultivated crop P in the recovery tank 4, and the second specific concentration. By providing a notification member R that operates when the detection concentration of the detection sensor S2 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, it is necessary for the growth of the cultivated crop P in the adjustment tank 2 by a simple nutrient concentration sensor 2s such as an electric conduction sensor. Crop cultivation can be continued by circulating this culture solution in the order of cultivation shelf 3 and recovery tank 4, and during this period, the second specific concentration detection sensor S2 can be used to obtain sodium sulfate, etc. It is possible to grasp the amount of absorption-inhibiting component produced in the culture solution with high accuracy, and when the notification member R operates when the permissible limit of the absorption-inhibiting component is exceeded, the culture solution is optimized for cultivation. Since it is possible to prevent the culture solution from continuing to circulate in a state where the nutrients necessary for the growth of the crop P are insufficient, poor growth and deterioration of the quality of the crop can be prevented without requiring a high-performance sensor.

Fourth, one of a discharge valve V2 capable of opening and closing the discharge port of the recovery tank 4, a disposal route for receiving the discharge liquid from the discharge valve V2, and a first specific concentration detection sensor S1 or a second specific concentration detection sensor S2. Alternatively, by providing a control device C that controls discharge of the discharge valve V2 when both detect a concentration of a predetermined value or higher, one or both of the first specific component or the second specific component in the culture solution has a predetermined concentration. In the above case, the culture solution can be discharged from the recovery tank 4 to prevent the culture solution unsuitable for circulation from being used continuously, so that poor growth and deterioration of the quality of the crop can be prevented, and the culture solution is circulated for a predetermined period. By automatically discharging the old culture solution, it is not necessary for the worker to replace the culture solution, so that the labor of the worker can be reduced and the system operation can be saved.

Fifth, the adjusting tank 2 is provided with a water supply device 2b capable of controlling water supply and a second nutrient concentration sensor 4s for detecting nutrients in the culture drainage B of the recovery tank 4, and the detection of the second nutrient concentration sensor 4s. By adjusting the water supply amount of the water supply device 2b to the reference concentration determined in correspondence with the value and reusing the culture drainage B of the recovery tank 4, the adjustment tank is adjusted according to the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in the recovery tank 4. By adjusting the nutrient concentration of the culture solution in 2 and mixing the culture drainage of the recovery tank 4, the nutrient concentration suitable for the growth of the crop can be obtained, so that poor growth and deterioration of quality due to excessive nutrients can be prevented. To.

2 Adjustment tank 2b Water supply device 2s Nutrient concentration sensor 3 Cultivation shelf 4 Recovery tank 4s Second nutrient concentration sensor 5 Sampling tank A Culture solution B Culture drainage C Equipment control device P Cultivated crop R Notification member S1 First specific concentration detection sensor S2 Second specific concentration detection sensor T reagent supply device V2 discharge valve

Claims (2)

An adjustment tank (2) equipped with a nutrient concentration sensor (2s) and capable of adjusting the culture solution (A) containing water and nutrients to a predetermined reference concentration, and the culture solution (A) received from the adjustment tank (2). A cultivation shelf (3) for supplying the cultivated crop (P) and a recovery tank (4) for collecting the culture effluent (B) of the cultivation shelf (3) are provided and reused in the adjustment tank (2). In a nutrient solution cultivation system that circulates the culture solution as much as possible,
Based on the reagent supply device (T) that supplies the identification reagent that reacts with the first specific component detected as nutrient, which is a growth inhibitory component of the cultivated crop (P), into the solution, and the reaction result of the identification reagent. The first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) that detects the concentration of the first specific component and the notification member (R) that operates when the detection concentration of the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Prepare,
A sampling tank (5) provided with a drain valve (V2) that receives the culture drainage (B) from the recovery tank (4) and reaches a disposal route, and an equipment control device (C) are provided to supply the reagent. The apparatus (T) and the first specific concentration detection sensor (S1) are arranged in the sampling tank (5), and the culture effluent (B) is received in the sampling tank (5) at regular intervals to receive the reagent. hydroponic system that is characterized in that discharge control in the waste path after actuation of the supply device (T) and the first specific concentration detecting sensor (S1). The adjusting tank (2) is provided with a water supply device (2b) capable of controlling water supply and a second nutrient concentration sensor (4s) for detecting nutrients in the culture drainage (B) of the recovery tank (4). The water supply amount of the water supply device (2b) is adjusted to the reference concentration determined in correspondence with the detection value of the second nutrient concentration sensor (4s), and the culture drainage (B) of the recovery tank (4) is reused. The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the hydroponic cultivation system is characterized.

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