JP6897522B2 - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a house-type plant cultivation facility for cultivating plants with a nutrient solution.

Patent Document 1 describes a growth condition measuring device that measures at least one of temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and the amount of sunshine in a plant cultivated area, and a green leaf of the plant as a measuring object with respect to the light of the measuring object. A spectroscopic measuring device that measures spectral characteristics, a centralized management device that centrally manages the measurement results of the growth condition measuring device and the measurement results of the spectroscopic measuring device, and associates these measurement results to calculate the optimum irrigation amount for plants. A growth management system is described.

Patent Document 2 describes irrigation control based on the CO2 concentration in the house.

In Patent Document 3, a sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation and a means for operating the irrigation device are connected to the controller, and the controller integrates and calculates the value from the sensor, and the integrated amount of solar radiation exceeds the set value. Techniques for activating irrigation equipment from time to time are disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-187074 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-154448 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-189639

In Patent Document 1, "when the measured humidity (solid line part) deviates continuously for a certain period from the allowable range specified from the past humidity fluctuation (dotted line part) of the month (○ mark in the solid line part), the fruit A warning may be urged to measure the growth condition. "However, there is no description about specific control based on humidity.

In Patent Document 2, in order to detect the concentration of CO2, it is necessary to bring the sensor close to the plant, and it is difficult to arrange the sensor.

In Patent Document 3, the sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation becomes expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation facility capable of supplying an appropriate nutrient solution.

To solve this problem
The invention according to claim 1
In a plant cultivation facility for cultivating plants by supplying a nutrient solution to the medium (2 ) in the house (H).
A humidity sensor (22) for measuring the humidity inside the house (H) is provided.
A transpiration amount calculation means for calculating the transpiration amount from the change in humidity per unit time measured by the humidity sensor (22) is provided.
Provided is provided with a nutrient solution supply determining means for determining the drive timing of the nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the transpiration amount calculation means.
The circumference of the plant (K) is covered with a soft resin covering body (20), the upper part of the covering body (20) can be opened and closed by an opening / closing device (21), and a humidity sensor (20) is inside the covering body (20). 22) is provided, the change in humidity in a unit time is measured with the covering body (20) closed, and when the increase in humidity above the set value is measured, the supply of the nutrient solution in the mixing tank (4) is started, and then the supply of the nutrient solution is started. The cover body (20) is opened by the opening / closing device (21) to discharge the moisture inside the covering body (20), and after a lapse of a set time has passed since the covering body (20) was opened, the covering body (20) is opened by the opening / closing device (21). The measurement of the humidity inside the covering body (20) in the closed state is repeated a plurality of times.
A plant cultivation facility characterized in that the humidity sensor (22) is used to measure the average humidity a plurality of times at night, and the higher the average humidity is, the later the supply start time is controlled by the nutrient solution supply means. To do.

The invention according to claim 2
Provided an imaging means to image the size of the plant,
A transpiration capacity calculation means for calculating the transpiration capacity of the plant from the size of the plant imaged by the imaging means is provided.
The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the timing of driving the nutrient solution supply means is determined by comparing the transpiration amount calculated by the transpiration amount calculation means with the transpiration capacity.

As a result, the nutrient solution can be supplied according to the growth of the plant .

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a plant cultivation facility capable of supplying an appropriate nutrient solution.
Further, when the humidity at night is high, the fruit j of the plant K is liable to condense, and if the nutrient solution is supplied in such a state, the fruit j is liable to crack. Therefore, this can be prevented by delaying the start time of the supply of the nutrient solution.

Diagram showing the system of plant cultivation equipment Diagram explaining the inside of the house Control block diagram Diagram showing the state for calculating the transpiration of plants Diagram showing the state for calculating the transpiration of plants The figure which shows that the supply start time of a nutrient solution is changed according to the humidity. The figure which shows that the supply amount of a nutrient solution is corrected corresponding to room temperature. The figure which shows that the supply amount of a nutrient solution is corrected according to the humidity. The figure which shows that the supply amount of nutrient solution is corrected according to the amount of solar radiation.

The plant cultivation equipment of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

A plurality of beds 1 for cultivation are provided in parallel in the house H.

Each bed 1 has a medium 2 for planting plant K, a nutrient solution supply pipe 7 for supplying the nutrient solution to the medium 2, and a drainage guide 8 for receiving and discharging the drainage of the nutrient solution leaking from the medium 2. To be equipped with. Plant K has a structure in which it grows along an attracting string 30 suspended by a wire 29.

Next, a configuration for supplying the nutrient solution to the medium 2 and a configuration for treating the drainage from the medium 2 will be described.

The fertilizer stock solution in the plurality of fertilizer stock solution tanks 3 is supplied to the mixing tank 4 by the fertilizer stock solution supply pump 5 and mixed to form a nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is supplied from the mixing tank 4 to the nutrient solution supply pipe 7 of each bed 1 by the nutrient solution supply pump 6, and is supplied to the medium 2 from the nutrient solution supply pipe 7. The nutrient solution leaked from the medium 2 is discharged from the bed 1 as a drainage solution through the drainage guide body 8.

Next, the use of electrolyzed acidic water and electrolyzed hydrogen water generated by electrolyzing raw water with the electrolyzer 9 will be described. The raw water contained in the raw water tank 10 is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer 9 to generate acidic electrolytic acidic water and alkaline electrolytic hydrogen water, which are then stored in the electrolytic acidic water tank 11 and the electrolytic hydrogen water tank 12, respectively. The electrolyzed acidic water and the electrolyzed hydrogen water are each supplied to the mixing tank 4 by a pump and mixed with the fertilizer stock solution to form a nutrient solution. At that time, the pH of the nutrient solution is adjusted by appropriately adjusting the supply amounts of the electrolyzed acidic water and the electrolyzed hydrogen water.

Conventionally, nitric acid was used to adjust the pH of the nutrient solution when it was acidic, and caustic potash was used when it was alkaline, but both are deleterious substances and care must be taken when handling them. By using electrolyzed water in this embodiment, safety can be improved and costs can be reduced.

When using well water or tap water as raw water, adjust the pH with electrolytic acidic water, and when using rainwater (acidic water) as raw water, adjust the pH with electrolytic hydrogen water to improve the pH. A prepared nutrient solution can be produced.

Further, by providing an electrolytic acid water switching valve 13 for switching the supply of the electrolytic acidic water to the mixing tank 4 or the drainage guide body 8, the electrolytic acidic water can be periodically supplied to the drainage guide body 8. Impurities such as blue-green algae adhering to the drainage guide 8 can be removed, and pathogenic bacteria can be sterilized. As for the timing of supplying the electrolytic acid water to the drainage guide 8, the electrolytic acidic water may be supplied when the nutrient solution is not supplied before the start of cultivation, or the electrolytic acid water is supplied while supplying the nutrient solution. You may.

Further, an electrolytic hydrogen water switching valve 15 for switching the supply of the electrolytic hydrogen water to the mixing tank 4 or the chemical liquid tank 14 is provided so that the electrolytic hydrogen water can be accommodated in the chemical liquid tank 14. The chemical tank 14 may contain liquid pesticides or electrolyzed hydrogen water. A chemical solution or electrolytic hydrogen water can be supplied from the chemical solution tank 14 to a spray device 16 provided above the bed 1 with a chemical solution pump to spray the plants for sterilization. The chemical solution is mainly used for removing pests, and the electrolyzed hydrogen water is mainly used for sterilizing bacteria. That is, both the chemical solution and the electrolytic hydrogen water can be supplied by using the route supplied from the chemical solution tank 14 to the spraying device 16.

Next, the configuration for sterilizing the drainage liquid will be described.

The drainage discharged from the drainage guide body 8 is stored in the drainage collection tank 17. The drainage from the drainage recovery tank 17 is supplied to the sterilizer 18 to be sterilized, and is supplied to the mixing tank 4 to be reused as a nutrient solution. The nutrient solution remaining in the mixing tank 4 can be reused by opening the solenoid valve 19 for draining the nutrient solution recovery passage and returning it to the drainage recovery tank 17.

Bacteria and the like may be generated when the nutrient solution is stored in the mixing tank 4 for a long period of time, but safety is improved by sterilizing the drainage recovery tank 17 again with the sterilizer 18.

Next, the timing of supplying the nutrient solution will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the circumference of the plant K is covered with a covering body 20 made of a soft resin. A part of the covering body 20 is configured to be openable and closable by a switchgear 21. In the present embodiment, the upper part of the covering body 20 is opened and closed. A humidity sensor 22 is provided inside the covering body 20 so that the humidity inside the covering body 20 can be measured. Then, when the change in humidity in a unit time is measured with the covering body 20 closed and the increase in humidity above the set value is measured, the nutrient solution in the mixing tank 4 is started to be supplied to the nutrient solution supply pipe 7. Then, the cover body 20 is opened by the opening / closing device 21, and the moisture inside the cover body 20 is discharged. After a lapse of a set time from the open state, the cover 20 is closed by the opening / closing device 21 and the humidity inside the cover 20 is repeatedly measured. That is, the amount of transpiration of plant K is calculated from the increase in humidity in the covering body 20 per unit time, and when the amount of transpiration equal to or greater than the set amount is calculated, the supply of nutrient solution is started and the set amount of nutrient solution is supplied.

Conventional known techniques for controlling the timing of supply (irrigation) of nutrient solution by determining the transpiration state of plant K with a sensor that detects the amount of drainage cannot directly determine the transpiration state. According to this embodiment, the transpiration state of the plant K can be directly determined and the timing of supplying the nutrient solution can be adjusted appropriately. Further, since it can be performed by the humidity sensor 22, it can be constructed at low cost.

As shown in FIG. 5, a camera (imaging means) 23 capable of capturing the size of the plant K is provided, and the transpiration ability of the plant K is calculated from the size of the plant K. Then, when the humidity rises by the humidity sensor 22, the transpiration amount is calculated and compared with the transpiration capacity, and when the transpiration amount equal to or greater than the set value is detected, the supply of the nutrient solution may be started. According to this configuration, it is possible to supply a nutrient solution amount suitable for the growth of the plant.

Regarding the configuration in which the size of the plant is imaged by the camera 23, the amount of evapotranspiration of the plant is calculated from the difference between the values of the outside air temperature sensor 24 and the room temperature sensor 25 that measures the room temperature in the house H, and the timing of supplying the nutrient solution. And the amount of nutrient solution to be supplied may be determined.

The start time of the supply of the nutrient solution will be described.

The humidity sensor 22 measures the humidity a plurality of times at night to measure the average humidity. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, it is controlled to change the supply start time of the nutrient solution according to the average humidity. The higher the average humidity, the later the start time of the liquid supply is controlled. When the humidity at night is high, the fruit j of the plant K is likely to condense, and if the nutrient solution is supplied in such a state, problems such as cracking of the fruit j are likely to occur. Therefore, this can be prevented by delaying the start time of the supply of the nutrient solution.

FIG. 7 describes the content of correcting the supply amount of the nutrient solution according to the room temperature measured by the room temperature sensor 25.

It is corrected so that the amount of nutrient solution supplied increases as the room temperature rises. That is, the higher the room temperature, the larger the amount of transpiration of plant K tends to be.

FIG. 8 describes the content of correcting the supply amount of the nutrient solution according to the humidity measured by the humidity sensor 22. That is, the higher the humidity, the smaller the amount of nutrient solution to be supplied.

FIG. 9 describes the content of correcting the supply amount of the nutrient solution according to the amount of solar radiation detected by the solar radiation sensor 26. That is, the larger the amount of solar radiation, the larger the supply amount of nutrient solution.

The correction of the supply amount of the nutrient solution based on the room temperature, humidity and the amount of solar radiation can be added to the control for changing the timing of starting the supply of the nutrient solution based on the increase in humidity described above. In addition, the conditions for correcting the supply amount of nutrient solution can be changed according to the season. For example, in the summer, the correction based on the amount of solar radiation is given priority, in the winter, the correction based on the room temperature is given priority, and in the autumn and spring, the correction based on the humidity is given priority.

Further, the plant K is irradiated with a blue LED to promote the photosynthesis of the plant, the chlorophyll fluorescence is imaged by the camera 23, the activity of photosynthesis and the amount of transpiration are calculated from the imaging result, and the amount of nutrient solution and the amount of nutrient solution are supplied. It may be configured to control the start timing.

The plant cultivation equipment of the present embodiment is controlled by the control unit S as shown in FIG. That is, the control unit S controls the calculation of the transpiration amount, the supply amount of the nutrient solution, the timing of starting the supply of the nutrient solution, and the like.

The fruit of this embodiment is mainly assumed to be tomato, but other fruits can also be applied.

H House S Control unit 2 Medium 6 Nutrient solution supply pump (nutrient solution supply means)
20 Cover 22 Humidity sensor 23 Camera (imaging means)

Claims (2)

In a plant cultivation facility for cultivating plants by supplying a nutrient solution to the medium (2 ) in the house (H).
A humidity sensor (22) for measuring the humidity inside the house (H) is provided.
A transpiration amount calculation means for calculating the transpiration amount from the change in humidity per unit time measured by the humidity sensor (22) is provided.
Provided is provided with a nutrient solution supply determining means for determining the drive timing of the nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the transpiration amount calculation means.
The circumference of the plant (K) is covered with a soft resin covering body (20), the upper part of the covering body (20) can be opened and closed by an opening / closing device (21), and a humidity sensor (20) is inside the covering body (20). 22) is provided, the change in humidity in a unit time is measured with the covering body (20) closed, and when the increase in humidity above the set value is measured, the supply of the nutrient solution in the mixing tank (4) is started, and then the supply of the nutrient solution is started. The cover body (20) is opened by the opening / closing device (21) to discharge the moisture inside the covering body (20), and after a lapse of a set time has passed since the covering body (20) was opened, the covering body (20) is opened by the opening / closing device (21). The measurement of the humidity inside the covering body (20) in the closed state is repeated a plurality of times.
A plant cultivation facility characterized in that the humidity sensor (22) is used to measure the average humidity a plurality of times at night, and the higher the average humidity is, the later the supply start time is controlled by the nutrient solution supply means. Provided an imaging means to image the size of the plant,
A transpiration capacity calculation means for calculating the transpiration capacity of the plant from the size of the plant imaged by the imaging means is provided.
The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the timing of driving the nutrient solution supply means is determined by comparing the transpiration amount calculated by the transpiration amount calculation means with the transpiration capacity.

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