JP6843249B2 - 分解性シート材料 - Google Patents
分解性シート材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6843249B2 JP6843249B2 JP2019539233A JP2019539233A JP6843249B2 JP 6843249 B2 JP6843249 B2 JP 6843249B2 JP 2019539233 A JP2019539233 A JP 2019539233A JP 2019539233 A JP2019539233 A JP 2019539233A JP 6843249 B2 JP6843249 B2 JP 6843249B2
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- transition metal
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 114
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- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-2-methylsulfanyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound N1=CC(C#N)=C(N)N2N=C(SC)N=C21 JXSRRBVHLUJJFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SZINCDDYCOIOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O SZINCDDYCOIOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/22—Boxes or like containers with side walls of substantial depth for enclosing contents
- B65D1/26—Thin-walled containers, e.g. formed by deep-drawing operations
- B65D1/265—Drinking cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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Description
組成物の重量に対して30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、
添加剤と、
残部として、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ならびにそれらの共重合体および配合物から選択されるポリマーとを含有し、
添加剤は、添加剤とポリマーの重量の合計に対して、
(a)総量0.15〜0.6重量%の2種以上の遷移金属化合物と、
(b)0.04〜0.08重量%の、モノもしくはポリ不飽和C14−C24カルボン酸、またはそのエステル、無水物、もしくはアミドと、
(c)0.04〜0.2重量%の合成ゴムと、
任意に、
(d)0〜20重量%の乾燥デンプン、および/または
(e)0〜1重量%の酸化カルシウム、および/または
(f)0〜0.2重量%のフェノール性酸化防止安定剤を含有し、
2種以上の遷移金属化合物は、鉄、マンガン、銅、亜鉛、チタン、コバルト、およびセリウム化合物から選択され、2種以上の遷移金属化合物における遷移金属は異なる。
(i)鉄、マンガン、および銅、または
(ii)マンガンおよび銅、または
(iii)鉄およびマンガンを含む。
組成物を形成する工程であって、組成物は、30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、添加剤と、ポリマーとを含有する、工程と、
組成物を成形して容器を形成する工程とを含み、
ポリマーおよび添加剤は、本明細書中に記載されるとおりである。
組成物を形成する工程であって、組成物は、30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、添加剤と、ポリマーとを含有する、工程と、
組成物を成形してコーヒーカップを形成する工程とを含み、
ポリマーおよび添加剤は、本明細書中に記載されるとおりである。
シートの配合の例が、以下に記載される。
メルトフローインデックスが10〜30g/10分であり、粒子径1〜30ミクロンの炭酸カルシウムを含有する、HDPEまたはPP、共重合体または配合物PE/PPを含有するポリオレフィンの組成物から、容器(コーヒーカップ)形成用のシートを調製した。ここに、金属のステアリン酸塩、カルボン酸塩、酸化促進剤、たとえば金属硝酸塩、リン酸塩、酸化カルシウム、金属炭酸塩、乾燥デンプン、および不飽和ゴムの混合物を含有するマスターバッチ添加剤配合物(0.2〜5%)を添加した。着色のために、カーボンブラックまたは他の顔料を含量0.1〜10%で添加できる。
メルトフローインデックスが0.2〜2g/10分であり、粒子径が粒子径1〜30ミクロンの炭酸カルシウムを含有する、HDPE、LLDPE、またはPP、共重合体または配合物を含有するポリオレフィンと、上述したものと同じ金属のステアリン酸塩の混合物を含有する添加剤配合物(0.1〜5%)とから、容器形成用のシートを調製し、着色料としてカーボンブラックを添加した。
平均直径0.1〜5ミクロンの炭酸カルシウムを30〜50%含有する発泡性PP級樹脂を調製した。これには、乾燥デンプン、不飽和ゴム、および金属触媒混合物を含有する本明細書中に記載される添加剤が0.1〜5%含有され得る。調製したものを、コーヒーカップの形状に成形した。
以下の配合を使用し、HDPEおよび炭酸カルシウムをさらに添加することによって、コーヒーカップの形成に好適なプラスチックを形成した。炭酸カルシウムは混合物の50重量%を占め、HDPEは混合物の48重量%を占めた。このカップを、過酷な気象条件下において試験したところ、分解が速かった。加えて、このカップは、手触りが良好で紙のようであり、意図される用途にとって好適な強度を有していた。
以下からなる添加剤配合物を調製した。
以下からなる添加剤配合物を調製した。
以下からなる添加剤配合物を調製した。
以下からなる添加剤配合物を調製した。
以下からなる添加剤配合物を調製した。
組成をまとめたものを以下に示す。
Claims (29)
- 分解性組成物で形成されるシート材料であって、前記組成物は、
前記組成物の重量に対して30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、
添加剤と、
残部として、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ならびにそれらの共重合体および配合物から選択されるポリマーとを含有し、
前記添加剤は、前記添加剤と前記ポリマーの重量の合計に対して、
(a)総量0.15〜0.6重量%の2種以上の遷移金属化合物と、
(b)0.04〜0.08重量%の、モノもしくはポリ不飽和C14−C24カルボン酸、またはそのエステル、無水物、もしくはアミドと、
(c)0.04〜0.2重量%の合成ゴムと、
任意に、
(d)0〜20重量%の乾燥デンプン、および/または
(e)0〜1重量%の酸化カルシウム、および/または
(f)0〜0.2重量%のフェノール性酸化防止安定剤を含有し、
前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物は、鉄、マンガン、銅、亜鉛、チタン、コバルト、およびセリウム化合物から選択され、前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物における遷移金属は異なる、シート材料。 - 前記組成物は60〜70重量%の炭酸カルシウムを含有する、請求項1に記載のシート材料。
- 前記炭酸カルシウムは平均最長直径が1〜30ミクロンである、請求項2に記載のシート材料。
- 平均厚さが100〜500ミクロンである、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記平均厚さが200〜400ミクロンである、請求項4に記載のシート材料。
- 前記組成物は膨張ガス入り構造を有する、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記遷移金属化合物は、ステアリン酸塩、カルボン酸塩、炭酸塩、アセチルアセトナート、トリアザシクロノナン、またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせから選択される部位を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物における前記遷移金属は、
(i)鉄、マンガン、および銅、または
(ii)マンガンおよび銅、または
(iii)鉄およびマンガンを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。 - 前記組成物は、酸化性添加剤を含有する、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記酸化性添加剤は、硝酸カルシウムを含有する、請求項9に記載のシート材料。
- 前記モノもしくはポリ不飽和C14−C24カルボン酸は、C16−C20直鎖カルボン酸である、および/または
前記合成ゴムは、不飽和ポリマーを含む、および/または
前記ポリマーはHDPEである、請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。 - 前記カルボン酸は、オレイン酸である、請求項11に記載のシート材料。
- 前記合成ゴムは、スチレン−イソプレン−スチレンを含む、請求項11または12に記載のシート材料。
- 前記合成ゴムは、スチレン−イソプレン−スチレンとスチレン−イソプレン共重合体との配合物を含む、請求項11から13のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記ポリマーは、メルトフローインデックスが10〜20である、請求項11から14のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。
- 前記組成物は、前記添加剤と前記ポリマーの重量の合計に対して、
(b)総量0.2〜0.3重量%の2種以上の遷移金属ステアリン酸塩、および/または
(c)0.04〜0.06重量%のモノ不飽和C16−C20直鎖カルボン酸、および/または
(d)0.08〜0.12重量%の合成ゴム、および/または
(e)0.1〜0.4重量%の乾燥デンプン、および/または
(f)0.1〜0.3重量%の酸化カルシウム、および/または
(g)0.1〜1.0重量%の硝酸カルシウムを含有する、請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料。 - 請求項1から16のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料で形成される包装または容器。
- 請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載のシート材料で形成される使い捨て用コーヒーカップであって、任意にさらに、蓋、持ち手、およびスリーブからなる群より選択される部材を有し、前記部材もまた、前記分解性組成物で形成される、使い捨て用コーヒーカップ。
- 容器を形成する方法であって、
組成物を形成する工程であって、前記組成物は、前記組成物の重量に対して30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、ポリマーと、添加剤とを含有する、工程と、
前記組成物を成形して容器を形成する工程とを含み、
前記ポリマーは、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ならびにそれらの共重合体および配合物から選択され、
前記添加剤は、前記添加剤と前記ポリマーの重量の合計に対して、
(a)総量0.15〜0.6重量%の2種以上の遷移金属化合物と、
(b)0.04〜0.08重量%の、モノもしくはポリ不飽和C14−C24カルボン酸、またはそのエステル、無水物、もしくはアミドと、
(c)0.04〜0.2重量%の合成ゴムと、
任意に、
(d)0〜20重量%の乾燥デンプン、および/または
(e)0〜1重量%の酸化カルシウム、および/または
(f)0〜0.2重量%のフェノール性酸化防止安定剤を含有し、
前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物は、3価鉄、マンガン、銅、亜鉛、チタン、コバルト、およびセリウム化合物から選択され、前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物における遷移金属は異なる、方法。 - 前記容器はコーヒーカップである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を成形して容器を形成する工程は、
(a)前記組成物を成型して容器の構成とすること、または
(b)前記組成物のシートの1枚以上を形成および成形して容器の構成とし、任意に、前記構成を熱融着もしくは接着によって固定すること、または
(c)3D印刷を実施することを含む、請求項19または20に記載の方法。 - 前記組成物は、熱形成、射出成型、射出ブロー成型、もしくは圧縮成型によって、成型される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 請求項17に記載の容器または請求項18に記載の使い捨て用コーヒーカップを作るための、請求項19から22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項17に記載の包装もしくは容器または請求項18に記載の使い捨て用コーヒーカップの化学分解を開始させる方法であって、前記シート材料を50℃を上回る温度に曝露する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記容器に高温の飲料または食品を入れることまたは前記容器をマイクロ波加熱に曝露することによって、前記シート材料を50℃を上回る温度に曝露する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 第1の事象である崩壊は実質的に6週間以内に生じ、第2の事象である微生物消化は実質的に1年以内に生じる、請求項24または25に記載の方法。
- 50℃を上回る温度への曝露の後にシート材料の分解を開始させるための添加剤の使用であって、
前記シート材料は、
前記組成物の重量に対して30〜80重量%の炭酸カルシウムと、
添加剤と、
残部として、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ならびにそれらの共重合体および配合物から選択されるポリマーとを含有する組成物から形成され、
前記添加剤は、前記添加剤と前記ポリマーの重量の合計に対して、
(a)総量0.15〜0.6重量%の2種以上の遷移金属化合物と、
(b)0.04〜0.08重量%の、モノもしくはポリ不飽和C14−C24カルボン酸、またはそのエステル、無水物、もしくはアミドと、
(c)0.04〜0.2重量%の合成ゴムと、
任意に、
(d)0〜20重量%の乾燥デンプン、および/または
(e)0〜1重量%の酸化カルシウム、および/または
(f)0〜0.2重量%のフェノール性酸化防止安定剤を含有し、
前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物は、鉄、マンガン、銅、亜鉛、チタン、コバルト、およびセリウム化合物から選択され、前記2種以上の遷移金属化合物における遷移金属は異なる、使用。 - 前記シート材料は、コーヒーカップである、請求項27に記載の使用。
- 前記50℃を上回る温度への曝露は、前記シート材料を高温の飲料もしくは食品に接触させることまたは前記シート材料をマイクロ波加熱に曝露することを含む、請求項27または28に記載の使用。
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US11149131B2 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2021-10-19 | Edward Showalter | Earth plant compostable biodegradable substrate and method of producing the same |
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