JP6836799B2 - イモグサレ線虫防除剤および防除方法 - Google Patents
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Description
させ、粉剤、顆粒剤、水和物などの固体製剤や、乳剤、フレアブル剤(水などに分散させた製剤)などの液体製剤に製剤化した状態で使用することもできる。
市販のOYK菌含有液(「OYKファーミングブロック」商品名 株式会社浜口微生物研究所製:以下、「OYK菌原液」と呼ぶ)を調製した。このときOYK菌原液における生菌濃度は、1×109cfu/mLであった。そしてイモグサレ線虫が寄生したニンニク鱗球に対し、OYK菌原液を用いて、静止または振動しつつ処理し、イモグサレ線虫の防除効果について調査した。このとき、OYK菌原液を添加せずに、無処理の状態(イモグサレ線虫が寄生したニンニク鱗球だけの状態)の例についても調査した。各条件で処理したときのイモグサレ線虫の動態を、光学顕微鏡で観察した(倍率:100倍)。
イモグサレ線虫の分散液10mLに、生菌濃度が1×106cfu/mLのOYK菌(実施例1で培養したOYK菌原液を水で希釈)を添加し、30時間で静止した状態と振動を与えた状態で処理し、その防除効果について調査した。このとき、OYK菌を添加せずに、無処理の状態の例についても調査した。各条件で処理したときのイモグサレ線虫の動態を、光学顕微鏡で観察した(倍率:100倍)。
ニンニク鱗球をスライスし、これを25℃のベルマン装置に設置した。このベルマン装置は、ニンニク鱗球からイモグサレ線虫を抽出する装置である。ベルマン装置から24時間後または48時間後にニンニク鱗球から抽出したイモグサレ線虫を、水に分散させて時計皿に2mL採り、OYK菌(実施例1のOYK菌原液)の50倍希釈液または500倍希釈液2mLを添加し(すなわち、100倍希釈液または1000倍希釈液)、その防除効果について調査した(実験No.1、2)。このとき、市販の生物農薬(「インプレションクリア」(商品名:株式会社エス・ディー・エスバイオテック社製))を添加した例(1000倍希釈だけ:実験No.3)、およびOYK菌を添加せずに、無処理の例(蒸留水を添加しただけの例:実験No.4)についても調査した。そして、下記式に基づき、イモグサレ線虫の生存率を求めた。調査は、夫々3回ずつ繰り返し行ない、その平均値を求めた。
イモグサレ線虫の生存率(%)
=(処理後のイモグサレ線虫の生存数/処理前のイモグサレ線虫の生存数)×100
その結果を、生物農薬の種類とともに、下記表1に示す。
本発明者らは、OYK菌の人体に対する安全性を確認するために、実施例1で培養したOYK菌を用いて、動物に対する安全性確認試験を行った。
生物農薬が眼に入った場合に生じる刺激性を確認するために、実施例1で培養したOYK菌を含有する製剤(以下、「被験物質」と呼ぶ)を動物の眼に1回滴下し、対象動物における眼刺激性を調査した。
試験開始週齢:11週齢
試験期間:試験開始後7日間
試験方法は、各ウサギの右眼の下瞼を眼球から穏やかに引き出し、被験物質を滅菌生理食塩水で希釈したもの(生菌濃度:1×108cfu/mL)を0.1mL(1×107cfu/眼)下瞼と眼球の間に滴下し、暴露した。暴露24時間後、滅菌生理食塩水で眼を洗浄した。
生物農薬を経口投与した場合の影響を確認するために、試験1の被験物質を鳥類に投与した場合について、対象動物への影響を調査した。
試験開始日齢:14日齢
試験期間:試験開始後30日間
4群の全ての対象動物にブロイラー試験用飼料を不断給餌で与えると共に、そのうちの一群(10羽)については、滅菌生理食塩水を投与した。また、残りの3群(30羽)については、被験物質を滅菌生理食塩水で希釈したもの(生菌濃度:1×108cfu/0.2mL)を、胃ゾンデを用いて5日間連続して強制経口投与した。
(a)一般状態の観察
羽毛逆立、翼下垂、元気消失、頭部懸垂、閉眼、流涎、下痢、呼吸困難、衰弱、死亡などを観察期間中毎日観察した。
(b)体重測定
体重は投与直前(0日)、7日、14日、21日および28日後に観察し、各期間における増体重を算出した。
(c)病理学的検査
試験終了時に全ての個体について剖検し、肉眼的病理所見を記録した。
Claims (3)
- バチルス属OYK−01−600菌株(FERM BP−6394)、OYK−03−600菌株(FERM BP−6395)およびOYK−04−600菌株(FERM BP−6396)よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の微生物を含むことを特徴とするイモグサレ線虫防除剤。
- 農作物を防除の対象として使用する、請求項1に記載のイモグサレ線虫防除剤。
- 請求項1または2に記載のイモグサレ線虫防除剤を用いて処理することを含むイモグサレ線虫防除方法。
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JPS61205202A (ja) * | 1985-03-08 | 1986-09-11 | Tsubaki Toshio | 殺線虫材及び殺線虫法 |
JPH06157226A (ja) * | 1992-11-26 | 1994-06-03 | Itsukoo Seiki Kk | 線虫駆除材および駆除方法 |
JP2000262277A (ja) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-09-26 | Washi Kosan Kk | 菌体製剤 |
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