JP6827020B2 - 多結晶シリコンcvdダイヤモンドを含む化合物半導体デバイス構造 - Google Patents
多結晶シリコンcvdダイヤモンドを含む化合物半導体デバイス構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6827020B2 JP6827020B2 JP2018160080A JP2018160080A JP6827020B2 JP 6827020 B2 JP6827020 B2 JP 6827020B2 JP 2018160080 A JP2018160080 A JP 2018160080A JP 2018160080 A JP2018160080 A JP 2018160080A JP 6827020 B2 JP6827020 B2 JP 6827020B2
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明の特定の実施形態は、化合物半導体と多結晶CVDダイヤモンドとの間の低熱境界抵抗(thermal boundary resistance)を有する多結晶CVDダイヤモンドを含む、化合物半導体デバイス構造及び製造方法に関する。本発明の主な用途(application)は、高出力電子デバイス及び光電子デバイスの熱管理である。
半導体デバイス及び回路における熱管理は、いずれの製造可能でコスト効率の高い電子及び光電子製品における重要な設計要素、例えば光生成及び電気信号増幅など、である。効率的な熱設計の目標は、性能(出力(power)及び速度(speed))及び信頼性を最大化しながら、そのような電子デバイス又は光電子デバイスの動作温度を低下させることである。そのようなデバイスの例は、マイクロ波トランジスタ、発光ダイオード及び半導体レーザである。動作周波数及び電力要件に応じて、これらのデバイスは、従来、ケイ素、ガリウムヒ素(GaAs)、リン化インジウム(InP)、及び近年では窒化ガリウム(GaN)、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)及びその他のワイドギャップ(wide-gap)半導体から構成されてきた(made on)。窒化ガリウム材料システムは、特に、(高速動作に必要な)高電子移動度、(高出力に必要な)高破壊電圧、及びGaAs、InP、又はシリコンよりも大きい熱伝導率を有し、及び従って、高出力用途での使用に有利である、マイクロ波トランジスタを生じさせる。GaNはまた、青色レーザ及び紫外レーザ及び発光ダイオードの製造にも使用される。高温性能にもかかわらず、GaN電子及び光電子デバイスは、GaNの成長に一般に使用される基板の耐熱性が比較的低いことに起因して、性能が制限される。この欠点は、高出力の(high-power)マイクロ波及びミリ波のトランジスタとアンプで最も顕著である。ここでは、ジャンクション温度が低いことから利益を得ている、低減した冷却要件の低減とより長いデバイス寿命との両方が重要な要求になっている。同様の必要性は、数マイクロメートル幅(wide)のレーザキャビティストライプが、低熱伝導率の材料を介して(through)チップ内に電力を散逸させる(dissipates)、高出力の青色及び紫外レーザにおいて示される。
反応物質を解離する(dissociate)エネルギーがマイクロ波源から生じるプラズマエンハンスドダイヤモンドCVD、
解離ガスのためのエネルギーが高温(hot)フィラメントから生じる熱アシストダイヤモンドCVD、及び
高DC電圧を使用してイオンが加速されるプラズマトーチ。
これらのプロセスにおいて、合成ダイヤモンドは、ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素及び異なる(different)金属などの非ダイヤモンド基板の上に成長される。
本発明者らは、化合物半導体材料を損傷することなく、化合物半導体基板上にダイヤモンド成長を可能なままにしながら、誘電体シーディング層を完全に除去することを可能にするダイヤモンドシーディング法(technique)を開発した。当該方法(method)は、制御された厚さの実質的にボイドのないナノ結晶ダイヤモンド核生成層を形成するため、超ナノ結晶(super-nano-crystalline)ダイヤモンド超音波処理を使用する。これは、
化合物半導体材料の層と、
多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層と、
を含む半導体デバイス構造であって、
前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層は、前記化合物半導体材料の層に直接結合されたナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層を介して前記化合物半導体材料の層に結合され、前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、5〜50nmの範囲の厚さを持ち、且つ、前記化合物半導体材料の層と前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層との間の界面における過渡的なサーモリフレクタンス(transient thermoreflectance)によって測定される有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)が50m2K/GW以下であるように構成されている、
半導体デバイス構造をもたらす。
化合物半導体材料の層を含む基板を提供するステップと、
前記化合物半導体材料の層の上に5〜50nmの範囲の層厚さを持つナノ結晶ダイヤモンドのシード(seed)層を形成するステップと、
化学蒸着(CVD)技術を用いて前記シード層の上に多結晶CVDダイヤモンドの層を成長させるステップと、
を含む。
本発明の実施形態による低熱境界抵抗GaN−on−ダイヤモンドプロダクトを達成するための改良されたシーディング技術を説明する前に、そのようなプロダクトの熱境界抵抗を探査するための新しい測定技術の説明を以下に示す。
化合物半導体材料の層と、
多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層と、
を含む半導体デバイス構造であって、
前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層は、前記化合物半導体材料の層に直接結合されたナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層を介して前記化合物半導体材料の層に結合され、前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、5〜50nmの範囲の厚さを持ち、且つ、前記化合物半導体材料の層と前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層との間の界面における過渡的なサーモリフレクタンスによって測定される有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)が50m2K/GW、40m2K/GW、又は30m2K/GW以下であるように構成されている、
半導体デバイス構造をもたらす。
化合物半導体材料の層を含む基板を提供するステップと、
前記化合物半導体材料の層の上に5〜50nm、10〜40nm、又は15〜30nmの範囲の層厚さを持つナノ結晶ダイヤモンドのシード層を形成するステップと、
化学蒸着(CVD)技術を用いて前記シード層の上に多結晶CVDダイヤモンドの層を成長させるステップと、
を含む。
少なくとも1200cm2V−1s−1、1400cm2V−1s−1、又は1600cm2V−1s−1の電荷移動度;
700Ω/スクエア、600Ω/スクエア、又は500Ω/スクエア以下のシート抵抗;
10−5アンペア、10−6アンペア、10−7アンペア以下のリーク電流(current leakage);及び
少なくとも5W/mm、6W/mm、又は7W/mmの最大出力;
の1つ以上を有することができる
1. 化合物半導体材料の層と、
多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層と、
を含む半導体デバイス構造であって、
前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層は、前記化合物半導体材料の層に直接結合されたナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層を介して前記化合物半導体材料の層に結合され、前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、5〜50nmの範囲の厚さを持ち、且つ、前記化合物半導体材料の層と前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層との間の界面における過渡的なサーモリフレクタンスによって測定される有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)が50m2K/GW以下であるように構成されている、
半導体デバイス構造。
2. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層の前記厚さが10〜40nmの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
3. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層の前記厚さは、15〜30nmの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
4. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、10%以下の透過型電子顕微鏡法イメージングを使用して測定されたボイドの体積分率を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
5. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層中のボイドの前記体積分率が8%、6%又は4%以下である、請求項4に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
6. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、少なくとも200nm×100nmの面積を含む代表的なサンプルにおいて、20nmを超える厚さを持つボイドを有しない、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
7. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、少なくとも200nm×100の面積を含む代表的なサンプルにおいて、15nm、10nm又は5nmを超える厚さを持つボイドを含まない、請求項6に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
8. 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、少なくとも200nm×100nmの面積を有する代表的なサンプルにおける透過型電子顕微鏡法イメージングにおいて識別可能な視認可能なボイドを有しない、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
9. 前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層は、少なくとも5マイクロメートル、10マイクロメートル、20マイクロメートル、30マイクロメートル、50マイクロメートル、80マイクロメートル、100マイクロメートル、200マイクロメートル、300マイクロメートル、又は500マイクロメートルの厚さを有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
10. 前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層は、1ミクロンを超えるサイズを有するグレインを含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
11. 前記化合物半導体材料の層と前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層との間の界面における過渡的なサーモリフレクタンスによって測定された前記有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)が、40m2K/GW以下、又は30m2K/GW以下である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
12. 前記化合物半導体材料の層は、III−V族化合物半導体材料を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
13. 前記III−V族化合物半導体材料が窒化ガリウムである、請求項12に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
14. 前記化合物半導体層は、以下の特性:
少なくとも1200cm2V−1s−1、1400cm2V−1s−1、又は1600cm2V−1s−1の電荷移動度;
700Ω/スクエア、600Ω/スクエア、又は500Ω/スクエア以下のシート抵抗;
10−5アンペア、10−6アンペア、10−7アンペア以下のリーク電流;及び
少なくとも5W/mm、6W/mm、又は7W/mmの最大出力;
のうちの1つ以上を有する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
15. 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の半導体デバイス構造の製造方法であって、
化合物半導体材料の層を含む基板を提供するステップと、
前記化合物半導体材料の層の上に5〜50nmの範囲の層厚さを持つナノ結晶ダイヤモンドのシード層を形成するステップと、
化学蒸着(CVD)技術を用いて前記シード層の上に多結晶CVDダイヤモンドの層を成長させるステップと、
を含む、方法。
16. 前記シード層が、15nm以下又は10nm及び/又は1nm以上の平均粒子サイズを有するナノ結晶ダイヤモンド粉末を使用して形成される、請求項15に記載の方法。
17. 前記シーディングステップで使用される前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンド粉末のD90粒子サイズが、40nm、30nm、又は20nm以下である、請求項16に記載の方法。
18. 前記シード層が、前記必要とされる有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)を達成するように制御された堆積パラメータを有するナノ結晶ダイヤモンド粉末のコロイド懸濁液を使用して形成される、請求項15〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
72 ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層、
74 微結晶ダイヤモンドの層。
Claims (4)
- GaN層と;
前記GaN層の上に配置されたナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層と;
前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層の上に配置された多結晶CVDダイヤモンドの層と;
を含む半導体デバイス構造であって、
前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、5〜50nmの範囲の厚さを持ち、且つ、前記GaN層と前記多結晶CVDダイヤモンド材料の層との間の界面における過渡的なサーモリフレクタンスによって測定される有効熱境界抵抗(TBReff)が50m2K/GW、40m 2 K/GW、又は30m 2 K/GW以下であるように構成されている、半導体デバイス構造。 - AlGaN層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の半導体デバイス構造であって、前記GaN層が前記AlGaN層の上に配置される、半導体デバイス構造。
- 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、10%以下のボイド体積分率を有する、請求項1に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
- 前記ナノ結晶ダイヤモンドの層は、少なくとも200nm×100nmの面積を含む代表的なサンプルにおいて、20nmを超える厚さを有するボイドを有しない、請求項1に記載の半導体デバイス構造。
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CN103132048B (zh) * | 2013-02-05 | 2015-09-16 | 廊坊西波尔钻石技术有限公司 | 一种多晶金刚石磨料及化学气相沉积(cvd)制作方法 |
GB201319117D0 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2013-12-11 | Element Six Technologies Us Corp | Semiconductor device structures comprising polycrystalline CVD Diamond with improved near-substrate thermal conductivity |
US20160161991A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-09 | Rubicon Technology, Inc. | Ultra-Thin, Passively Cooled Sapphire Windows |
GB201502954D0 (en) * | 2015-02-23 | 2015-04-08 | Element Six Technologies Ltd | Compound semiconductor device structures comprising polycrystalline CVD diamond |
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KR101990578B1 (ko) | 2019-06-19 |
US10699896B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
JP2018201039A (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
US10319580B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
KR20170095879A (ko) | 2017-08-23 |
GB2534674B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
GB201502954D0 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
WO2016096551A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
CN107347256A (zh) | 2017-11-14 |
US20190252183A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
CN107347256B (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
EP3234984A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
JP6556842B2 (ja) | 2019-08-07 |
JP2018506167A (ja) | 2018-03-01 |
GB201521646D0 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US20170263448A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
EP3234984B1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
GB2534674A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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