JP6814803B2 - Oil circuits with filters, especially for marine engines - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an oil circuit for an engine, the engine being particularly a reciprocating piston engine, preferably a marine engine, particularly a diesel engine in one embodiment, wherein the oil circuit is an oil reservoir and an oil circuit. The supply ring is provided with at least one supply ring, which is capable of supplying oil from the oil reservoir, has at least one oil consuming device, and returns to the oil reservoir, and the supply ring is , A main pump and a plurality of filters, at least one of the plurality of filters is a simple filter having a filtration area, and a further filter has a backwashable filtration area. A self-cleaning backwash filter, in which case the backwash filter has an inlet, a clean oil outlet, and a backwash outlet, the backwash outlet being at least one for the treatment of drainage. Spreads in a bifurcation conduit containing one means.

A general type of oil circuit is known from Patent Document 1. A common type of oil circuit is provided with two supply ring roads. That is, one supply ring road is for the lubrication point to which the lubricating oil should be supplied, and the second supply ring road is for the hydraulic power unit to which the hydraulic oil should be supplied. .. The supply ring road leading to the hydraulic power unit branches off from the supply ring road containing lubricating oil and has its own self-cleaning filter, in which case it is for the fluid generated in the self-cleaning process (oil mud). The outlet extends into the separator formed by the impact centrifuge. This time, the pump is connected directly upstream of the impact centrifuge, in order to achieve a reasonably high rotational speed of the centrifuge and, therefore, a favorable separation of solid components and oil. By providing separate supply loops for lubricating and hydraulic oils (in which case the oil is uniformly drawn from a common reservoir (oil reservoir) and for each application. It has been proven to be of value, especially in marine engine structures) (which are finely filtered differently).

German Patented Invention No. 19619843

An object of the present invention is to create an oil circuit with a filter, especially for marine engines. This oil circuit has a simple structure, has a low cost basic concept, and assumes the economical operating mode of the filter used, the quality of the oil circulating in the supply ring road. Allows continuous improvement.

To achieve this goal, according to the first original aspect, the inlet of the backwash filter is selectively the first conduit portion or the first conduit portion, depending on the switching state of at least one switching valve. Oil may be supplied by the main pump via the second conduit portion, in which case a simple filter is placed in the second conduit portion. This concept is therefore intended to allow inflow into the self-cleaning filter through two different conduit portions, where the self-cleaning filter is designed as a backwash filter. Will be done. In that case, in one conduit portion, a simple filter (ie, a non-self-cleaning, especially non-backwashable filter) is connected upstream of the backwash filter. In particular, during the start-up phase of the marine engine, during the initial operating time, or after disassembly and repair of the marine engine, this conduit portion, in turn during this operating time, is the inlet or inlet of the backwash filter. It is connected upstream of the oil to decisively extract most of the impurities in the oil from all branch conduits and, therefore, from the oil sump. Only after a sufficiently long start-up stage, then the switch to another conduit section is made, but in that case, this allows a simple filter, then somewhere, to be used for another purpose now. Can be used. This will be further explained with reference to the dependent claims.

In particular, according to a preferred embodiment, the branch conduit for oil drainage can be assigned an oil drainage pump and a simple filter downstream of the oil drainage pump, wherein of the simple filter. The filter outlet extends into the inlet of the backwash filter, preferably with a blocking member interposed therebetween. This simple filter is here preferably composed of exactly that simple filter, which is the backwash filter during the start-up phase described further above. It is located at the inflow port. By providing a pump in the branch conduit for drainage, even during this starting stage, the backwash fluid is pumped from the backwash filter, in this case, into the conduit portion with a simple filter. It is possible. Despite using a backwash filter, the entire volumetric flow in the supply loop after the backwash filter is therefore available to be supplied to the device (especially the hydraulic power unit) at that time. Thus, at the same time, the main pump (which pulls oil from the reservoir) can have lower power or operate at lower power. In particular, for maintenance purposes with respect to the oil drain pump, it would be advantageous if a blocking member was placed between the oil drain pump and the filter inlet in the branch conduit for oil drain. Alternatively or additionally, a pressure indicator may be placed to allow the degree of contamination of a simple filter to be checked.

In an alternative embodiment of the oil circuit, the branch conduit for oil drainage may be equipped with an oil drainage pump and a centrifuge for drainage treatment, especially an impact centrifuge, downstream of the oil drainage pump. It is possible, in which case a collection tank and / or a return conduit into the oil sump is located downstream of the centrifuge. According to one design variant, the collection tank can be connected to the inlet of the backwash filter via the feed conduit and the pumps located in the feed conduit.

While abandoning some of the aforementioned advantages, it is possible to assign a drainage pump and a simple filter downstream of the drainage pump to the branch conduit for drainage, where the simple The filter outlet of the filter is then preferably spread directly into the oil sump.

In an alternative embodiment, it depends on the switching state of the switching valve located upstream of the backwash filter and in combination with the switching state of the switching member disposed in the branch conduit for removing oil. In, oil can be selectively supplied to the filter inlet of a simple filter by the main pump or by draining from a branch conduit for draining. In this oil circuit, the drainage pump is therefore not provided in the branch conduit for drainage at that time, and as a result, the volumetric flow of drainage is a device connected downstream of the backwash filter. Not available to supply to. However, even in this case, a simple filter somewhere exists at any time after the completion of the start-up phase, that is, during normal operation of the engine (in normal operation, upstream of the backwash filter). The arranged switching valve shuts off the branch conduit to the simple filter and switches to another conduit part), can be used for post-draining cleaning, and in this regard. It is proved that the quality of the oil circulation between the oil reservoir and the consumption device is continuously improved. In particular, in this embodiment, then, preferably, when the switching valve located upstream of the backwash filter cuts off the conduit portion to the simple filter, the simple filter in normal operation. The filter outlet is connected to the return conduit to the oil sump. Here again, the return conduit is then preferably assigned a blocking member, which, if necessary, replaces the filter insert in a simple filter, including, for example, in operating operation. To do.

According to the second original concept, the branch conduit for oil drainage is assigned to the oil drainage pump and a simple filter downstream of the oil drainage pump, and the filter outlet of the simple filter. However, an oil circuit is proposed that extends into the inlet of the backwash filter. Furthermore, as already explained above, this measure can achieve the following effects: The effect is that the entire volumetric flow of oil pumped by the main pump is available to all consuming devices connected downstream of the backwash filter, thereby pumping lower to the main pump. It is possible to provide capacity and at the same time, the quality of the oil circulating in the supply ring road is permanently improved.

Here again, especially when such oil circuits are used for marine engines, especially large diesel engines, selectively at the inlet of the backwash filter, depending on the switching state of at least one switching valve. It is especially advantageous if the oil can be supplied by the main pump via the first or second conduit portion. In that case, a simple filter is arranged in the second conduit portion. For maintenance purposes in particular, in the branch conduit for drainage, a breaker and / or pressure indicator can be placed between the drainage pump and the filter inlet.

In all embodiments of the oil circuit, if the filtration area of the simple filter (s) is larger than the backwashable filtration area of the backwash filter, and preferably the filtration of the backwash filter. It is advantageous if it is at least 5 times larger than the area and / or up to 15 times larger than the backwashable filtration area of the backwash filter. Even in the case of a simple filter, after the starting stage has a certain degree of contamination, then the simple filtration, without replacement, during the additional operating time for the degreasing process. It is possible to continue using the vessel, and if used purely in the oil drainage process, a very long maintenance-free service life is possible. It is even more advantageous if the filtration material in the filtration area of a simple filter is finer than the filtration material in the filtration area of a backwash filter. In that case, preferably, the fineness of the filter material of the simple filter is 2 to 5 times finer than the fineness of the filter material of the backwash filter.

As is customary in itself, oil circuits allow at least one coarse filter to be placed between the main pump and the switching valve located upstream of the backwash filter. The fineness of the filtration material of the coarse filter is coarser than the fineness of the filtration material in the filtration area of the simple filter and the backwash filter.

In a preferred field of application of the oil circuit according to the present invention, the engine is composed of a marine engine, and the backwash filter there is useful as hydraulic oil for the treatment of oil from the oil sump, in this case corresponding. Then, in the supply loop path provided with the backwash filter, at least one hydraulic power device, preferably a plurality of hydraulic power devices, is present or arranged as an oil consuming device. Especially in oil circuits for marine engines, if the backwash filter is in normal operation and during the initial operating time of the new or readjusted engine, regardless of the switching state of the switching valve and switching member. In both start-up operations, it is advantageous when connected upstream of all oil consuming devices, especially hydraulic power devices, in the supply environment path for fine filtration of oil. In such an oil circuit, which is known by itself, at least a second supply loop can be further provided, in which the second supply loop is lubricated with oil as an oil consuming device. Should be one or preferably multiple lubrication points, in which case the second supply loop path after the main pump, especially after the coarse filter connected downstream of the main pump, , Branches from a first supply loop with a backwash filter.

Further advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description of the schematic and exemplary embodiments. Here, a schematic and exemplary embodiment is schematically shown in the drawings, along with key components for an oil circuit according to the invention, intended for marine engines.

FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of an oil circuit for a marine engine during the engine start phase, with the pump in the drainage branch conduit; FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram derived from FIG. 1 during normal operation of the engine; FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of an oil circuit for a marine engine during the engine start phase, with no pump in the drainage branch conduit; FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram derived from FIG. 3 during normal operation of the engine; FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of an oil circuit for a marine engine during the engine start phase, with a centrifuge in the oil drainage branch conduit; FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram derived from FIG. 5 during normal operation of the engine; FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of an oil circuit for a marine engine during the engine start phase, with a pump and a simple filter in the drainage branch conduit; FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram derived from FIG. 7 during normal operation of the engine;

In FIGS. 1 and 2, an oil circuit 10 according to a first exemplary embodiment for a marine engine 1 (simply shown symbolically) having an oil pan as an oil reservoir 2 assists in the flow diagram. It is represented by borrowing. The oil circuit 10 supplies oil to the hydraulic power unit and lubrication points on or for the marine engine 1, in which case the supply loops are separated from each other for this purpose. 20 and 40 are provided. To this end, the flow diagram, on the one hand, is a supply ring road 20 for the hydraulic power unit (not shown in detail) on the marine engine 1, and in addition, a lubrication site (also not represented in detail). A second supply ring road 40 for (not shown) is shown. Supply ring roads 40 for lubrication points (not shown) on marine engines, such as crankshaft bearings, connecting rods, camshafts, sway shafts, or valves, are within the scope of the application. The supply ring road 40 is typically referred to as the second supply ring road 40, while the supply ring road 20 for the hydraulic power unit is typically referred to as the first supply ring road 40. Of course, it would be possible to provide additional supply ring roads or conduits for both the lubrication points and the hydraulic power unit.

In the diagram shown in the flow diagram for the oil circuit 10, both the first supply ring road 20 and the second supply ring road 40 are filled with oil from the same oil pan (hereinafter simply referred to as oil reservoir 2). Is supplied and the oil is pulled from the oil sump 2 by the main pump 3 and is subject to a predetermined pressure for this purpose. In the flow diagram shown, a conduit 5 can be seen between the engine 1 and the main pump 3. The main pump, however, can also be integrated into the engine. A first filter 4 is placed after the main pump 3, which usually forms the main lubricating oil filter and is ejected from the oil reservoir 2 by the lubricating oil filter. From the oil, pollutants are filtered, and as a result, all lubricating oil consuming devices can be lubricated with the oil filtered by the filter 4. In the flow diagram shown, behind the filter 4, a branch point 6 is found in the conduit formed by the tube and / or hose, from which branch point 6 is lubrication to be lubricated with lubricating oil. The supply ring 40 for the location or the lubricating oil consuming device and the supply ring 20 for the hydraulic power unit to which the hydraulic oil should be supplied extend in a separate arrangement. The lubricating oil and the hydraulic oil are provided in this case by the same oil from the oil sump 2, in which case the second supply loop 40 for the lubricating oil is usually not further treated with the oil. As a result, the supply loop 40 is represented in the flow chart only by the dotted line returning to the marine engine 1.

The present invention relates substantially only to embodiments of a supply ring road 20 for supplying hydraulic oil to a hydraulic power unit. The treatment of oil from the oil sump 2 is achieved in this case primarily by a self-cleaning automatic filter, which within the scope of this application is commonly referred to as the backwash filter 11. Corresponding automatic filters or backwash filters are known in the prior art. The fluid (here, the oil to be filtered) travels through the inlet 12 into the housing, but in the filtration operation of the backwash filter 11, it passes through its filtration area 13 and thereby the engine. The fluid is fed to the hydraulic power unit on the marine engine 1 via a clean oil outlet (filtration outlet) 14 while filtering the oil or filtering it cleanly according to the manufacturer's specific requirements. Will be done. In the applications described herein, the filtered / clean oil therefore forms a hydraulic oil for a hydraulic power unit connected downstream of the backwash filter 11. The backwash filter 11 can be configured, for example, by a candle-like filter, wherein the candle-like filter is, for example, European Patent Application Publication No. 0900584 or European Patent Application Publication No. 0656223. It has a plurality of backwashable candle-like filters as described in the specification. In the backwash process, the individual candle-like filters are then connected to the backwash outlet 15 on the backwash filter 11 via the backwash member on one or both sides, which is in the filtration direction. This is to remove dirt from the filtration region 13 in the backflow, preferably further in the orthogonal flow. The backwash medium is, in this case, usually clean oil, which is therefore no longer available after the backwash filter 11 for devices connected downstream of it, and Reduces the volumetric flow of filtered / clean oil. Impurities decomposed during the backwashing process in the filtration area via the backwash outlet 15 are in turn carried out of the backwash filter 11 along with the backwash medium (here, therefore clean oil). .. The degree of pollution of the entire filtration area can be read, for example, with the help of a pressure gauge as a pressure indicator 16 and a pressure difference between the filter inlet 12 and the clean oil outlet 14. .. The basic structure of this type of backwash filter is known to those of skill in the art and therefore no detailed description of the structure and method of operation of the backwash filter is given herein.

The basic aspect of the oil circuit according to the present invention lies in the following facts. The fact is that, here, the backwash filter 11 in the supply ring 20 is in full operating mode and is always connected upstream of the hydraulic power unit and is therefore fed to the hydraulic power unit. The hydraulic oils must be guaranteed to have the degree of purity defined by the specifications of these power unit or engine manufacturers. In a preferred original embodiment of the oil circuit 10, no detour is provided for the backwash filter 11. In the supply ring road 20 of the oil circuit 10 according to the present invention, the oil pressurized and fed by the main pump 3 to the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11 via two separate conduit portions 21 and 22. A stream can be supplied, in which case the selection of the active conduit portion 21 or 22 is carried out via a switching valve 23 (connected upstream of said conduit portion) in the supply ring road 20. Will be. The switching valve 23 is preferably composed of a multi-sided valve having an appropriate switching member.

At the switching position in the flow chart according to FIG. 1, the switching valve 23 shuts off the conduit portion 22. The conduit portion 22 is therefore represented as a dashed line, and oil supply to the backwash filter 15 is realized via the conduit portion 21. The flow diagram according to FIG. 1 is preferably used in this case during the starting stage of the marine engine 1, and thus, for example, during the first 200 operating hours of the new or readjusted marine engine 1. At this operating time, for example, increased impurity components resulting from the manufacture, assembly, start-up or maintenance of individual devices of the marine engine 1 are still present in the oil, in which case in particular these operating times are As a whole, it can cause the durability of the marine engine 1. In order to eliminate this problem at the start-up stage (the problem that increased impurity components may be present), one filter is installed in the conduit portion 21, but the filter is not backwashable. And, therefore, it is called a simple filter 25. The filtration region 26 of the simple filter 25 has a fineness of the filtration material that is preferably several times finer than the fineness of the filtration material of the filtration region 13 of the backwash filter 11. The filtration area 26 of the simple filter 25 is, at the same time, preferably 5 to 15 times, preferably 6 to 12 times larger than the filtration area 13 of the backwash filter 11, but without self-cleaning. Nevertheless, this is to obtain the long operating time of the simple filter 25.

In the oil circuit 10 according to the present invention, the simple filter 25 having the filtration region 26 has a function of simultaneously filtering the backwash fluid or the waste oil coming out of the backwash outlet 15 on the backwash filter 11. .. To this end, a branch conduit 24 for draining oil, starting from the backwash outlet 15, is provided, which extends into the filter inlet 27 on a simple filter 25. In an exemplary embodiment of the oil circuit 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, an oil drainage pump 28 is arranged in a branch conduit 24 for drainage, and the oil drainage pump 28 drains oil at an appropriate pressure. As a result, the drained oil flows from the main pump 3 via the filter inlet 27, which includes the state at the position of the switching valve 23 according to FIG. 1 (ie, shuts off the conduit portion 22). It is possible to flow into a simple filter 25 together with. One advantage to be obtained is that, in this case, the positive displacement flow pumped into the supply ring road 20 by the main pump 3 remains fully available for the hydraulic power unit. The second advantage is that the impurities in the drain do not return into the oil circuit, especially into the oil sump 2, and as a result, the post-treatment of the drain on the filtration area of the simple filter 25 It means that the improvement of the oil quality of the oil that is present and circulated throughout the oil circuit 10 is continuously guaranteed. In the flow chart, the oil coming out of the main pump 3 travels through the switching valve 23 and the conduit leading to it, then through the filter inlet 27A into the simple filter 25, while branching. Oil from the conduit 24 travels through the filter inlet 27 into the simple filter 25. The two filter inlets 27, 27A could also be formed by individual inlets, for example through the merger of their respective conduits. The oil stream formed by the two partial volumetric streams then travels through the filtration medium 26 of the simple filter and exits the simple filter 25 at the filter outlet 33 and is available again there. Proceed into the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11 so as to.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the branch conduit 24 for oil drainage, a blocking member 29 and a blocking member 30 are arranged before and after the pump 28, respectively. It consists of a simple switching plug, but these members are placed so that repairs can be performed on the pump 28 if necessary. Downstream of the blocking member 30 disposed after the pump 28, a pressure gauge is further installed in the branch conduit 24 as a pressure indicator 31, which is a conclusion regarding the degree of pollution of the simple filter 25. Is to be able to be pulled out from the pressure indicator 31. According to one further modification, the branch conduit 24 for drainage includes a return branch 44 connecting an additional outlet of the three-way valve 49 to the oil sump 2, as well as FIGS. 1 and 2. It would be possible to provide a three-way valve 49 instead of the simple shutoff member 29, as shown by the dotted line in. This preferred modification is to avoid unintentional interruption of the branch conduit 24 for drainage and to allow drainage to return to the oil sump 2 in the unlikely event of a problem with the pump 28, for example. to enable.

The flow diagram in FIG. 2 is different from the flow diagram according to FIG. 1, but it is simply based on the switching positions of the switching valves 23 assigned to the separate conduit portions 21 and 22. The flow chart in FIG. 2 corresponds to the normal operation of the oil circuit 10 of the marine engine 1. In the flow diagram according to FIG. 2, the second conduit portion 21 is shut off, and the oil proceeds from the main pump 3 directly through the first conduit portion 22 to the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11. The inert conduit 37 of the conduit portion 21, located between the switching valve 23 and the simple filter 25, is therefore shown in FIG. 2 and therefore correspondingly in dashed line representation, whereas the conduit portion 22 The conduit in is represented by a continuous line as an active conduit. Despite the changed switching position of the switching valve 23, the simple filter 25 adds the purpose of treating the drainage in the branch conduit 24 and filtering out the drainage impurities caught in the backwash. Fulfill. As described with reference to FIG. 1, the properly processed and filtered drainage is fed to the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11 along the oil directly coming out of the main pump 3. Further, preferably, in the oil circuit 10, in the oil circuit 10, in the conduit between the filter outlet 33 of the simple filter 25 and the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11 in the conduit portion 21, mainly for maintenance purposes. Is provided with a simple shut-off member 32, wherein the shut-off member 32 is, for example, a valve flap or, preferably, a check valve that operates automatically and avoids erroneous switching.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the slightly modified oil circuit 110 is represented in the corresponding flow diagram. Backwash filtration, as well as activation of the backwash filter 11 via two separate conduit portions 21, 22 having a simple filter 125 in the second conduit portion 21 in the case of the supply ring road 120. The structure of the backwash filter 11 with the arrangement of the switching valve 23 connected upstream of the vessel 11, the inlet 12, the filtration area 13, the clean oil outlet 14, the backwash outlet 15, and the pressure indicator 16 is the same as before. Exactly the same as in the exemplary embodiment, so the same reference numerals are used for these elements in the same oil circuit 110, and references are made to the above description. However, the branch conduit 124 for drainage is constructed in a different manner than in the previous exemplary embodiments, because the branch conduit 124 is not provided with a pump. The branch conduit 124, therefore, like the pressure indicator 131, has only one blocking member 129 here, but the branch conduit 124, as in the previous exemplary embodiment, is a simple filter. Spreads into the filter inlet 127 on 125. This leads to slightly different uses and functions of the simple filter 125, which is normal, as shown in the flow diagram in FIG. 3 at the start-up stage and according to the representation of the flow diagram in FIG. This applies both to and in motion. At the start-up stage, if the switching valve 23 shuts off the conduit portion 22, the oil is initially in the corresponding switching position of the switching valve 23, as in the previous exemplary embodiment (this switching position is the conduit 137. Flows based on (creating an active conduit portion 21 to the simple filter 125 through) and is filtered by the filtration area 126 of the simple filter 125, before heading to the inlet 12 of the backwash filter 11. Will be done. In this exemplary embodiment of the illustrated embodiment, the entire branching conduit 124 for drainage is blocked by the blocking member 129 and, therefore, in the flow diagram of FIG. 3, backwashing at the starting stage. Does not happen. The conduit 124 in the bifurcation conduit 124 is therefore represented by a dashed line correspondingly. Backwashing could also occur at that time, but this is true if, according to an alternative embodiment (not represented), the blocking member in the branch conduit for oil drainage, for example. Realized as a multi-way valve, and at the start-up stage, the drainage is further drained before the drainage is sent back into the oil pan or otherwise flows back unfiltered into the oil sump 2. This is the case when the oil is fed to an additional filter or separation device via the conduit portion.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, in the normal operation of the oil circuit 110, backwashing occurs and the blocking member 129 is opened. The switching valve 23 connected to the upstream of the backwash filter 11 shuts off the conduit portion 21 and supplies the oil discharged from the main pump directly to the inlet 12 of the backwash filter via the conduit portion 22. Send. The drainage generated in the backwash goes through the conduit in the branch conduit 124 and into the simple filter 125 at the filter inlet 127, and the drainage goes through the return conduit 135 to the oil sump. Before returning to the inside of 2, it is cleaned by the filtration area 126 of the simple filter 125. Here, the return conduit 135 is preferably capable of being blocked by a blocking member 136 in which impurities are properly cleaned, especially for the starting step according to FIG. The return conduit 135 is therefore active only in the normal operation of the oil circuit 110 and is therefore represented by a continuous line in FIG. 4 and as an inactive conduit by the dashed line in FIG. ing. The branch conduit 124 for drainage, as well as the connecting branch 145 to the return vessel 135 connecting the additional outlet of the three-way valve 149 to the oil sump 2, is as shown by the dotted line in FIGS. 3 and 4. , A three-way valve 149 could be provided instead of the simple shutoff member 129. This preferred modification makes it possible to avoid unintentional interruption of the conduit for drainage and to return the drainage to the oil sump 2 in the unlikely event of a problem.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, again, the modified oil circuit 210 is represented in the corresponding flow diagram.
Backwash filtration, as well as activation of the backwash filter 11 via two separate conduit portions 21, 22 having a simple filter 225 in the second conduit portion 21 in the case of the supply ring road 220. The structure of the backwash filter 11 with the arrangement of the switching valve 23 connected upstream of the vessel 11, the inlet 12, the filtration area 13, the clean oil outlet 14, the backwash outlet 15, and the pressure indicator 16 is the same as before. Exactly the same as in the exemplary embodiment, so the same reference numerals are used in sequence for these elements in the same oil circuit 210, and references are made to the above description. However, the branch conduit 224 for drainage is again constructed in a different way than in the two previous exemplary embodiments. The reason is that in the branch conduit 224, the pump 228 is provided after the backwash outlet 15 on the backwash filter 11, but this pump 228 is the centrifuge 251 (particularly in the case of the oil circuit 210). This is because it is connected upstream of the impact centrifuge) and the centrifuge 251 processes the drainage in the associated branch conduit 224. The branch conduit 224 does not have a blocking member here, but rather the centrifuge outlet or the outlet of the centrifuge 251 is a collection tank 253 located downstream of the centrifuge 251 such as a capture pan having a collection tank. Leads to. During the start-up phase shown in FIG. 5 and during normal operation according to FIG. 6, when the switching valve 23 is correspondingly switched to the conduit portion 22, the volumetric flow of treated drainage is the supply conduit. It is possible to refeed to the backwash filter 11 by 254 and an additional pump 255, or the volumetric flow is an alternative design shown in FIG. 6 by a dash-dotted return conduit 261. According to the modification, the oil is directly fed to the oil reservoir 2 of the engine 1. In this variant, the collection tank could be omitted if desired. By providing a further switching valve, both modifications shown in FIG. 6 could be realized at the same time. A shutoff member (eg, either a switchable flap valve or a check valve) could be provided on all or individual vessels, especially for maintenance purposes.

7 and 8 show related flow diagrams for a fourth design variant for the oil circuit 310. Arrangement of switching valves 23 connected upstream of the backwash filter 11, inlet 12, filtration area 13, clean, as well as activation of the backwash filter 11 via two separate conduit portions 21, 22 The structure of the backwash filter 11 with an oil outlet 14, a backwash outlet 15, and a pressure indicator 16 (in which case a simple filter 325 is located in the conduit portion 21) is a previous exemplary practice. It is exactly the same as in the form again, so again references are made to the above description. At the backwash outlet 15, in the branch conduit 324 for draining oil from the backwash filter 11, a pump 328 and a simple filter 377 connected downstream of the pump 328 are arranged, where the simple filter 377 has a filter outlet 378. The drainage treated by a separate, additional, simple filter 377 is in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7 (in this embodiment, the backwash filter 11 is present) for the starting stage. As shown, by the supply conduit 354 connected to the filter outlet 378, the feed conduit 354 passes through a simple filter 325 provided at the conduit portion 21 and is fed through the conduit portion 21 to the backwash filter 11. The drainage is either fed again to the inlet or, as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line 376 in FIG. 8, the drain is fed directly to the oil sump 2 of the engine 1. Again, by providing additional switching valves, both design variants could be realized simultaneously in one oil circuit. The blocking member could then be installed in all or individual vessels, especially for maintenance purposes.

In simple filters and backwash filters, the fineness of the different filtration materials could already be achieved, for example, by the following facts. The fact is that the filtration area in a simple filter consists of a non-woven fabric (especially a non-woven fabric of cellulose, synthetic or fiberglass), whereas the filtration area in a backwash filter is of a metal or synthetic fabric. It is made of such a woven fabric. The filtration area in the backwash filter could also consist of a sintered non-woven fabric or an edge filter design. The filtration area of a simple filter is preferably replaceable. Compared to the filtration area of the backwash filter, the fairly large filtration area of the simple filter has the effect of guaranteeing a long, maintenance-free service life, despite the finer filtration action of the simple filter. Can be achieved.

For those skilled in the art, a number of modifications emerge from the above description, which should fall within the scope of the appended claims. The flow diagram merely shows the basic structure, and additional branch conduits or supply ring roads could be provided. In particular, the presence and / or structure of the lubricating oil circuit is not essential to the present invention. It is also possible to provide additional lubricating oil circuits that are not even connected to the main lubricating oil filter. Although marine engines, especially large diesel engines, relate to preferred areas of application of the present invention, the oil circuits according to the invention could also be used in other engines. The placement of the pump in the branch conduit for drainage, and the treatment of drainage with a filter (this drainage is set to a high pressure by the pump), also drains the automatic filter or backwash filter. Not fed to, but offers benefits when fed to other consumer equipment. Such modifications and other modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (17)

An oil circuit for an engine, especially a reciprocating piston engine, preferably a marine engine.
The oil circuit comprises an oil reservoir (2) and at least one supply loop (20; 40; 120), the supply loop (20; 40; 120) supplying oil from the oil reservoir (2). It is possible, has at least one oil consuming device, returns to the oil reservoir (2) by a predetermined route, and the supply loop (20; 40; 120) is the main pump (3). And having a plurality of filters, at least one of the plurality of filters is a simple filter (25) having a filtration region (26), and additional filters can be backwashed. A self-cleaning backwash filter (11) having a filtration area (13), said backwash filter (11) is an inlet (12), a clean oil outlet (14), and a backwash outlet (15). ), And the backwash outlet (15) extends in a branch conduit (24; 124) containing at least one means for the treatment of drainage in an oil circuit.
The inlet (12) of the backwash filter selectively connects the first conduit portion (22) or the second conduit portion (21) depending on the switching state of at least one switching valve (23). An oil circuit characterized in that oil can be supplied by the main pump via the main pump, and a simple filter is arranged in the second conduit portion (21). The oil circuit according to claim 1.
A simple filter (25; 377) is assigned to the branch conduit (24; 324) for the oil drainage pump (28; 328) and downstream of the oil drainage pump (28; 328). The filter outlet (33; 378) of the simple filter (25; 377) extends into the inlet of the backwash filter, preferably with a blocking member (32) interposed therebetween. An oil circuit characterized by that. The oil circuit according to claim 2.
In the branch conduit (24) for oil drainage, a blocking member (30) and / or a pressure indicator (31) is arranged between the oil drainage pump (28) and the filter inlet (27). An oil circuit characterized by being. The oil circuit according to claim 1.
In the branch conduit (224) for oil drainage, an oil drainage pump (228) and a centrifuge (251) for oil drainage treatment, particularly an impact centrifuge, are arranged downstream of the oil drainage pump (228). An oil circuit characterized in that a collection tank (253) and / or a return conduit (261) into the oil reservoir is arranged downstream of the centrifuge (251). The oil circuit according to claim 4.
The collection tank (253) is connected to the inlet of the backwash filter (11) via a feed conduit (254) and a pump (255) disposed in the feed conduit (254). An oil circuit characterized by being done. The oil circuit according to claim 1.
The filter inlets (27, 27A) of the simple filter (25) depend on and drain the switching state of the switching valve (23) located upstream of the backwash filter (11). In combination with the switching state of the switching member (29; 49; 129; 149) disposed in the branch conduit for oil, the oil from the main pump (3) or the branch for draining the oil. An oil circuit characterized in that the drainage of oil from the conduit (24; 124) can be selectively fed. The oil circuit according to claim 6.
In normal operation, the filter outlet (33) of the simple filter (24) has the switching valve (23) located upstream of the backwash filter and the conduit portion (21) to the simple filter. ) Is cut off, the oil circuit is connected to the return conduit (135) to the oil sump. The oil circuit according to claim 7.
An oil circuit characterized in that a blocking member (136) is assigned to the return conduit (135). An oil circuit for an engine, especially a reciprocating piston engine, preferably a marine engine.
The oil circuit comprises an oil reservoir and at least one supply ring (20), which can supply oil from the oil reservoir (2) and at least one oil consuming device. And returning to the oil reservoir, and the supply loop (20) has a main pump (3) and a plurality of filters, at least one of the plurality of filters. , A simple filter (25) having a filtration area (26), and a further filter is a self-cleaning backwash filter (11) having a backwashable filtration area (13). The backwash filter (11) has an inlet (12), a clean oil outlet (14), and a backwash outlet (15), and the backwash outlet (15) is for treating oil drainage. In an oil circuit that extends into a branch conduit (24; 324) containing at least one means of
A drainage pump (28; 228) and a simple filter (25; 377) downstream of the drainage pump (28; 228) are assigned to the branch conduit (24; 324) for the drainage. And at least one switching valve (23) is located upstream of the backwash filter, and the filter outlet (33; 378) of the simple filter (25; 377) is of the switching valve (23). An oil circuit characterized in that it extends into the inlet (12) of the backwash filter (11) downstream. The oil circuit according to claim 9.
The inlet (12) of the backwash filter selectively has a first conduit portion (22) or a second conduit portion (21), depending on the switching state of at least one switching valve (23). An oil circuit characterized in that oil is supplied by the main pump (3) via the main pump (3), and a simple filter (25) is arranged in the second conduit portion (21). The oil circuit according to claim 9 or 10.
In the branch conduit (24) for oil drainage, a blocking member (30) and / or a pressure indicator (31) is placed between the oil drainage pump (28) and the filter inlet (27). An oil circuit characterized by being done. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
The filtration region (26) of the simple filter (25) (s) is larger than the backwashable filtration region (13) of the backwash filter (11), and preferably the backwash. An oil characterized by being at least 5 times larger than the filtration area (13) of the filter and / or up to 15 times larger than the backwashable filtration area (13) of the backwash filter. circuit. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
The fineness of the filtration material in the filtration area (26) of the simple filter is finer than the fineness of the filtration material in the filtration area (13) of the backwash filter, preferably of the simple filter. An oil circuit characterized in that the fineness of the filter material is 2 to 5 times finer than the fineness of the filter material of the backwash filter. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
At least one coarse filter (4) is arranged between the main pump (3) and the switching valve (23) arranged upstream of the backwash filter, and the coarse filter (4) is arranged. The oil circuit is characterized in that the fineness of the filtration material is coarser than the fineness of the filtration material in the filtration area of the simple filter and the backwash filter. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
An oil circuit characterized in that at least one hydraulic power unit, preferably a plurality of hydraulic power units, is arranged as an oil consuming device in the supply ring road (20; 120). The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
The backwash filter (11) is used in both normal and start-up operations during the initial operating time of the new or readjusted engine, regardless of the switching state of all switching valves (23) and switching members. An oil circuit characterized in that it is connected upstream of all oil consuming devices, particularly hydraulic power units, in the supply loop (20; 120) for fine filtration of oil. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 16.
At least a second supply ring path (40) is provided, and the second supply ring path (40) is provided with one lubrication point to be lubricated by oil, or preferably a plurality of lubrication points, as an oil consuming device. The second supply loop is preferably the backwash filter after the main pump (3), especially after the filter (4) connected downstream of the main pump. It said supply annulus comprising; branch from (20 120), the oil circuit, characterized in that.

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