JP6770703B2 - Pattern conductors, heat-generating conductors, sheets with conductors, heat-generating plates, vehicles and buildings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pattern conductor, a heat-generating conductor including the pattern conductor, a sheet with a conductor having a heat-generating conductor, and a heat-generating conductor or a heat-generating plate including a sheet with a conductor. The present invention also relates to a vehicle and a building provided with a heating plate.

Conventionally, a pattern conductor having a structure in which unit shapes are arranged in a plane and having a regular pattern having a repeating cycle in the plane or an irregular pattern having no repeating cycle in the plane has been widely used. .. The pattern conductor is used, for example, in a defroster (defrosting device) used for a windshield of a vehicle, a heater for a window, a touch panel sensor, or the like. When the patterned conductors used for these are energized, they generate heat and function as defrosters, heating appliances, or sensors. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a pattern conductor is incorporated in a heat generating plate having transparency and used for a window glass. In this heating plate, the pattern conductor heats up due to its resistance heating when energized. By raising the temperature of the window glass made of a heating plate, it is possible to secure the visibility of the occupants by removing the fogging of the window glass, melting the snow and ice adhering to the window glass, or evaporating the water droplets. it can.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-173402 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-72674

By the way, when the pattern of the linear conductor forming the pattern conductor is a regular pattern, problems such as light beam and flicker occur. Light beam is a phenomenon in which a linear streak pattern is visually recognized around the light source when the light source is observed through a patterned conductor. The cause of the light beam is a diffraction phenomenon in a linear conductor. Therefore, by making the orientation of the linear conductor irregular, it is possible to prevent the diffracted light in a specific direction, that is, the light beam from being visually recognized. Flickering is a phenomenon in which reflected light from a linear conductor facing a specific direction is visually recognized when the viewing direction of the pattern conductor is changed. Therefore, by making the orientation of the linear conductor irregular, the reflected light is diffused, and the reflected light of the linear conductor facing a specific direction can be made inconspicuous.

However, when the pattern conductor is spread over a wide area, it is complicated to design the pattern of the linear conductor irregularly over the entire area, and the design cost is increased.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to simplify the design of a patterned conductor and reduce the design cost.

The pattern conductor of the present invention
With linear conductors arranged in the overall pattern,
The whole pattern includes a plurality of constant small patterns.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, the small pattern may be in contact with adjacent small patterns.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, the linear conductors may be irregularly arranged in the small pattern.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, in the small pattern, a plurality of linear conductors each extending in one direction are arranged in other directions orthogonal to the one direction, and each linear conductor is arranged in the other direction. At the end portion of the above, the small pattern containing the linear conductor may be connected to the linear conductor contained in another small pattern adjacent to the small pattern.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, in the small pattern, the position of the end portion of the linear conductor in the one direction may not be constant among the plurality of linear conductors.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, in the small pattern, the length of the linear conductor along the one direction may be the same among the plurality of linear conductors.

In the pattern conductor of the present invention, in the small pattern, the linear conductor has a wavy shape that alternately protrudes to one side and the other side in the other direction to form a convex portion.
In the small pattern, the number of the convex portions may be constant among the plurality of linear conductors.

The heat generating conductor in the present invention is
With any of the pattern conductors mentioned above,
With a pair of busbars,
The pattern conductor connects the pair of busbars.

The sheet with a conductor in the present invention
With any of the above-mentioned heat-generating conductors
A base film that supports the heat-generating conductor is provided.

The heating plate of the present invention
A pair of boards and
It includes any of the above-mentioned heat-generating conductors provided between the pair of substrates, or the above-mentioned sheet with a conductor.

The vehicle of the present invention includes the heating plate described above.

The building of the present invention includes the heating plate described above.

According to the present invention, the design of the pattern conductor can be simplified and the design cost can be reduced.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment according to the present invention, and is a perspective view schematically showing a vehicle provided with a heat generating plate. In particular, FIG. 1 schematically shows an automobile provided with a front window composed of a heating plate as an example of a vehicle. FIG. 2 is a view showing the heat generating plate from the normal direction of the plate surface. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heating plate in line III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the heat generating conductor from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing an example of the heat generating conductor. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the heat generating conductor from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing another example of the heat generating conductor. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the heat generating conductor from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing an example of the arrangement of small patterns in the entire pattern of the linear conductor. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of arrangement of linear conductors in a small pattern. FIG. 8 is a diagram in which a plurality of small patterns are in contact with each other. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the heat generating conductor from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing another example of the arrangement of small patterns in the overall pattern of the linear conductor. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, the scale, aspect ratio, etc. are appropriately changed from those of the actual product and exaggerated for the convenience of illustration and comprehension.

In addition, in this specification, the terms "board", "sheet", and "film" are not distinguished from each other based only on the difference in designation. For example, "sheet with conductor" is a concept that includes members that can be called a plate or film. Therefore, "sheet with conductor" is "plate with conductor (board)" or "with conductor". It cannot be distinguished from a member called "film" only by the difference in name.

Further, the "sheet surface (plate surface, film surface)" is a target sheet-like member (plate-like) when the target sheet-like (plate-like, film-like) member is viewed as a whole and from a broad perspective. A surface that coincides with the plane direction of a member or film-like member).

In addition, as used in the present specification, the terms such as "parallel", "orthogonal", and "identical" and the values of length and angle that specify the shape and geometric conditions and their degrees are strictly used. Without being bound by the meaning, we will interpret it including the range where similar functions can be expected.

1 to 16 are diagrams for explaining one embodiment according to the present invention. Of these, FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an automobile provided with a heating plate, FIG. 2 is a view of the heating plate viewed from the normal direction of the plate surface, and FIG. 3 is FIG. 2III. It is sectional drawing of the heating plate along the −III line.

As shown in FIG. 1, an automobile 1 as an example of a vehicle has windowpanes such as a front window, a rear window, and a side window. Here, it is illustrated that the front window 5 is composed of the heating plate 10. Further, the automobile 1 has a power source 7 such as a battery.

FIG. 2 shows a view of the heating plate 10 from the normal direction of the plate surface. Further, FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the heating plate 10 of FIG. 2 corresponding to lines III-III. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the heating plate 10 includes a pair of substrates 11 and 12, a sheet 20 with a conductor arranged between the pair of substrates 11 and 12, and the substrates 11 and 12 and a sheet with a conductor. It has bonding layers 13 and 14 for joining 20 and. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat generating plate 10 is curved, but in the other figures, the heat generating plates 10 and the substrates 11 and 12 are used for simplification and easy understanding. It is shown in a flat plate.

The sheet 20 with a conductor has a base film 21 and a heat generating conductor 30 provided on a surface facing one of the base films 11 of the base film 21. The heat-generating conductor 30 has a pattern conductor 40 having a linear conductor 41 and a pair of bus bars 35 for energizing the pattern conductor 40.

Further, as is well shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat generating plate 10 has a wiring portion 15 for energizing the heat generating conductor 30. In the illustrated example, the heating conductor 30 of the sheet 20 with a conductor is energized from the wiring portion 15 by a power source 7 such as a battery, and the heating conductor 30 is heated by resistance heating. The heat generated by the heat generating conductor 30 is transferred to the substrates 11 and 12, and the substrates 11 and 12 are warmed. As a result, fogging due to dew condensation adhering to the substrates 11 and 12 can be removed. Further, when snow or ice is attached to the substrates 11 and 12, the snow or ice can be melted. Therefore, the visibility of the occupant is well secured. Although not shown, a switch is usually inserted (connected in series) between the power source 7 and the bus bar 35 of the heat generating conductor 30 in the wiring portion 15. Then, the switch is closed and the heating conductor 30 is energized only when the heating plate 10 needs to be heated.

Hereinafter, each component of the heat generating plate 10 will be described.

First, the substrates 11 and 12 will be described. When the substrates 11 and 12 are used for the front window of an automobile as in the example shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to use substrates 11 and 12 having a high visible light transmittance so as not to obstruct the view of the occupant. Examples of the materials of the substrates 11 and 12 include soda lime glass and blue plate glass. The visible light transmittance of the substrates 11 and 12 is preferably 90% or more. Here, the visible light transmittance of the substrates 11 and 12 was measured in the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JIS K 0115 compliant product). It is specified as the average value of the transmittance at each wavelength. The visible light transmittance of this part may be lowered by coloring a part or the whole of the substrates 11 and 12. In this case, it is possible to block the direct sunlight and make it difficult to see the inside of the vehicle from the outside of the vehicle.

Further, the substrates 11 and 12 preferably have a thickness of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. With such a thickness, substrates 11 and 12 having excellent strength and optical characteristics can be obtained. The pair of substrates 11 and 12 may be made of the same material and may be the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the materials and the composition.

Next, the bonding layers 13 and 14 will be described. One bonding layer 13 is arranged between the one substrate 11 and the sheet 20 with a conductor, and the one substrate 11 and the sheet 20 with a conductor are bonded to each other. The other bonding layer 14 is arranged between the other substrate 12 and the sheet 20 with a conductor, and the other substrate 12 and the sheet 20 with a conductor are bonded to each other.

As such bonding layers 13 and 14, layers made of materials having various adhesiveness or adhesiveness can be used. Further, it is preferable to use the bonding layers 13 and 14 having high visible light transmittance. As a typical bonding layer, a layer made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) can be exemplified. The thicknesses of the bonding layers 13 and 14 are preferably 0.15 mm or more and 1 mm or less, respectively. The pair of bonding layers 13 and 14 may be made of the same material and may be the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the materials and the composition.

The heating plate 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be provided with other functional layers expected to exhibit a specific function. Further, one functional layer may exhibit two or more functions. For example, the substrates 11 and 12 of the heat generating plate 10, the bonding layers 13 and 14, and the base film of the sheet 20 with a conductor described later will be described. At least one of 21 may be provided with some function. Examples of the functions that can be imparted to the heating plate 10 include an antireflection (AR) function, a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance, an infrared shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet shielding (reflection) function, and antifouling. Functions and the like can be exemplified.

Next, the sheet 20 with a conductor will be described. The sheet 20 with a conductor has a base film 21 and a heat generating conductor 30 provided on a surface facing one of the base films 11 of the base film 21. The sheet 20 with a conductor has substantially the same plane dimensions as the substrates 11 and 12, and is arranged over the entire heating plate 10. Hereinafter, each component of the conductive sheet 20 will be described.

The base film 21 functions as a base material that supports the heat generating conductor 30. The base film 21 is a so-called transparent electrically insulating film that transmits wavelengths in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm). The base film 21 may be made of any material as long as it can transmit visible light and can appropriately support the heat generating conductor 30, and may be, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, or cyclic. Polyethylene and the like can be mentioned. Further, the base film 21 preferably has a thickness of 0.03 mm or more and 0.20 mm or less in consideration of light transmission, appropriate supportability of the heat generating conductor 30, and the like.

In addition, "transparency" means having transparency to the extent that one side of the base film can be seen through the base film, for example, 30. It means that it has a visible light transmittance of% or more, more preferably 70% or more. Visible light transmittance is the average of the transmittance at each wavelength when measured in the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JIS K0115 compliant product). Specified as a value.

Next, the heat generating conductor 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 and 5 are plan views of the conductor-equipped sheet 20 as viewed from the normal direction of the sheet surface, but the pattern conductors 40 of the heat generating conductor 30 have different patterns from each other. ..

The heat generating conductor 30 has a pair of bus bars 35 and a pattern conductor 40 arranged between the pair of bus bars 35. The bus bar 35 is electrically connected to the corresponding wiring section 15. The voltage of the power supply 7 connected to the wiring portion 15 is applied between the pair of bus bars 35. The pattern conductor 40 is formed by linear conductors 41 arranged in a predetermined pattern. The pattern conductors 40 are electrically connected to each other so as to connect the pair of bus bars 35. When a voltage is applied to the pattern conductor 40 via the wiring portion 15 and the bus bar 35, the pattern conductor 40 generates heat due to resistance heating. Then, this heat is transferred to the substrates 11 and 12 via the bonding layers 13 and 14, so that the substrates 11 and 12 are warmed.

The pattern conductors 40 can be arranged in various patterns. As an example, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the pattern conductor 40 is formed by arranging the linear conductors 41 in a mesh-like pattern that defines a large number of openings 43. The pattern conductor 40 includes a plurality of connecting elements 44 extending between the two bifurcation points 42 to define the opening 43. That is, the linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40 is configured as a collection of a plurality of connecting elements 44 forming branch points 42 at both ends. In particular, in the illustrated example, the pattern conductor 40 is arranged in a pattern in which irregularly shaped openings 43 are irregularly arranged, such as a Voronoi mesh.

Further, as another example, as in the example shown in FIG. 5, the pattern conductor 40 may have a plurality of linear conductors 41 connecting the pair of bus bars 35. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of linear conductors 41 have irregular shapes different from each other and extend from one bus bar 35 to the other bus bar 35. The plurality of linear conductors 41 are arranged apart from each other in a direction non-parallel to the extending direction of the linear conductor 41. In particular, the plurality of linear conductors 41 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the linear conductors 41. As a result, a gap 45 is formed between the connection of the two adjacent linear conductors 41.

Materials for forming such a pattern conductor 40 and a bus bar 35 include, for example, gold, silver, copper, platinum, aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, palladium, indium, tungsten, and alloys thereof. One or more can be exemplified. The pattern conductor 40 and the bus bar 35 may be formed by using the same material, or may be formed by using different materials.

The pattern conductor 40 can be formed using an opaque metal material as described above. On the other hand, the ratio of the region on the base film 21 not covered by the pattern conductor 40, that is, the non-cover ratio (also referred to as “aperture ratio” in the pattern shown in FIG. 4) is 70% or more 90 It is as high as% or less. The line width of the linear conductor 41 is about 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less. Therefore, the region where the pattern conductor 40 is provided is transparently grasped as a whole, and the presence of the pattern conductor 40 does not impair the transparency of the transparent heat generating plate 10.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the linear conductor 41 has a rectangular cross section as a whole. The width W of the linear conductor 41, that is, the width W along the plate surface of the transparent heating plate 10 is set to 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less, and the height (thickness) H, that is, the method for the plate surface of the transparent heating plate 10. The height (thickness) H along the line direction is preferably 1 μm or more and 60 μm or less. According to the linear conductor 41 having such dimensions, since the linear conductor 41 is sufficiently thinned, the pattern conductor 40 can be effectively invisible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the linear conductor 41 is a first dark color covering the surface of the conductive metal layer 46 and the conductive metal layer 46 on the side facing the base film 21. Of the surfaces of the layer 47 and the conductive metal layer 46, a second dark color layer 48 that covers the side surface facing the substrate 11 and both side surfaces may be included. The conductive metal layer 46 made of a metal material having excellent conductivity exhibits a relatively high reflectance. Then, when the light is reflected by the conductive metal layer 46 forming the linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40, the reflected light becomes visible, which may obstruct the view of the occupant. Further, when the conductive metal layer 46 is visually recognized from the outside, the designability may be deteriorated. Therefore, the first and second dark color layers 47 and 48 cover at least a part of the surface of the conductive metal layer 46. The first and second dark color layers 47 and 48 may be layers having a lower visible light reflectance than the conductive metal layer 46, and are dark color layers such as black, for example. The dark-colored layers 47 and 48 make it difficult for the conductive metal layer 46 to be visually recognized, and a good view of the occupant can be ensured. In addition, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the design when viewed from the outside.

As described above, from the viewpoint of ensuring the transparency of the heat generating plate 10 or the visibility through the heat generating plate 10, the linear conductor 41 of the heat generating conductor 30 is a base material so as to increase the aperture ratio. It is formed on the film 21. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the bonding layer 13 and the base film 21 of the sheet 20 with the conductor are in a region between the uncoated portion of the linear conductor 41, that is, the adjacent linear conductors 41. Are in contact through. Therefore, the heat generating conductor 30 is embedded in the bonding layer 13.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the pattern conductor 40, the linear conductor 41 is formed by a certain overall pattern T. The overall pattern T includes a plurality of constant small patterns P. In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the overall pattern T (shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 6) is composed of only a plurality of small patterns P (indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 6). .. In FIG. 6, for convenience of illustration, the small patterns P are shown separately, but each small pattern P may be in contact with the adjacent small patterns P or may overlap each other. May be good.

The small pattern P is formed as an irregular pattern. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the linear conductors 41 are irregularly arranged in the small pattern P. Therefore, in the small pattern P, the light beam and flicker caused by the regular arrangement of the linear conductors 41 can be effectively made inconspicuous. On the other hand, the overall pattern T has regularity in the sense that it includes a plurality of constant small patterns P. However, if the small pattern P has an area having a certain area, it is possible to effectively make the light beam and flicker caused by the repeated arrangement of the small patterns P inconspicuous. From this point of view, with respect to the conductor pattern 40 having the linear conductor 41 having the above-mentioned dimensions, the small pattern P preferably has a width of 50 mm × 50 mm or more, and has a width of 100 mm × 100 mm or more. Is more preferable, and it is further preferable to have a width of 150 mm × 150 mm or more. However, when the area of the small pattern P becomes large, the design of the small pattern becomes complicated and expensive. Therefore, the small pattern P preferably has a width of 150 mm × 150 mm or less, more preferably 100 mm × 100 mm or less, and further preferably 50 mm × 50 mm or less.

The pattern of the heat generating conductor 30 shown in FIG. 5 The pattern of the conductor 40 will be described in detail. The linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40 is arranged in the whole pattern T, and the whole pattern T is formed by repeatedly arranging the small patterns P. An example of the arrangement of the linear conductor 41 in the small pattern P is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, in the small pattern P, a plurality of linear conductors 41 extending in one direction (Y direction in FIG. 7) are arranged in another direction (X direction in FIG. 7) orthogonal to one direction. These plurality of linear conductors 41 all have the same length in the Y direction. Further, the end position 41e of each linear conductor 41 in the Y direction is not constant in the small pattern P.

Further, in the small pattern P, the linear conductor 41 has a wavy shape that alternately protrudes to one side and the other side in the X direction to form a convex portion. In particular, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of linear conductors 41 have wavy line shapes different from each other. Further, in the small pattern P, the number of convex portions is constant among the plurality of linear conductors 41.

The overall pattern T includes a plurality of small patterns P in which the linear conductor 41 is formed in this way. As shown in FIG. 8, in two adjacent small patterns P, one linear conductor 41 included in one small pattern P is connected to one linear conductor 41 included in another small pattern P. They are in contact or overlap, preferably so that they connect smoothly. By connecting the linear conductors 41 in this way, the pattern conductors 40 connect a pair of bus bars 35. The pattern conductor 40 shown in FIG. 5 is formed by the pattern formed as described above.

The linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40 is formed by the entire pattern T including the plurality of small patterns P, as shown in FIG. 5, there is a gap between the two adjacent linear conductors 41. Not only the pattern in which 45 is formed. In the mesh pattern as shown in FIG. 4, the linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40 may be formed by an overall pattern T including a plurality of small patterns P.

Further, the arrangement of the plurality of small patterns P in the overall pattern T is not limited to the grid pattern as shown in FIG. If the small patterns P are in contact with each other or overlap each other so that the linear conductors 41 of the small patterns P are connected to each other, they are arranged in an arbitrary pattern such as a pattern in which the lattice pattern is shifted as shown in FIG. Can be done.

Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the heating plate 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 16. 10 to 16 are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing the heating plate 10 in order.

First, as shown in FIG. 10, a dark color film 47a for forming the first dark color layer 47 is provided on the base film 21. The base film 21 may be made of any material as long as it can appropriately hold the heat generating conductor 30, and examples thereof include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, and cyclic polyolefin. it can. Further, in consideration of the retention property of the heat generating conductor 30, it is preferable to use a base film 21 having a thickness of 30 μm or more and 150 μm or less. Further, the dark color film 47a can be provided, for example, by a plating method including electric field plating and no electric field plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a method in which two or more of these are combined. As the material of the dark color film 47a, various known materials can be used. For example, copper nitride, copper oxide, nickel nitride and the like can be exemplified.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a metal film 46a that forms the conductive metal layer 46 is provided on the dark color film 47a. The metal film 46a is made of gold, silver, copper, platinum, aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, palladium, indium, tungsten, and alloys thereof, as described above as the material forming the conductive metal layer 46. It can be formed using one or more. The metal film 46a can be formed by a known method. For example, a method of attaching a metal foil such as a copper foil, a plating method including electroplating and no-electromagnetic plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a method in which two or more of these are combined is adopted. can do.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12, a resist pattern 49 is provided on the metal film 46a. The resist pattern 49 is a pattern corresponding to the pattern conductor 40 of the heat generating conductor 30 to be formed. In the method described here, the resist pattern 49 is provided only on the linear conductor 41 of the pattern conductor 40 that finally forms the heat generating conductor 30. The resist pattern 49 can be formed by patterning using a known photolithography technique.

Here, the design of the resist pattern 49 will be described. As described above, the resist pattern 49 is a pattern corresponding to the pattern conductor 40 of the heat generating conductor 30 to be formed. The pattern conductor 40 is composed of linear conductors 41 arranged in the overall pattern T. Therefore, the resist pattern 49 is the same pattern as the overall pattern T. If the entire pattern T is composed of only a plurality of small patterns P as in the present embodiment, the resist pattern 49 is a repetition of the small patterns P. Therefore, the resist pattern 49 can be designed not as the entire pattern T but as a repetition of the small pattern P. That is, the pattern to be actually designed can be only the small pattern P instead of the overall pattern T.

Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the metal film 46a and the dark color film 47a are etched using the resist pattern 49 as a mask. By this etching, the metal film 46a and the dark color film 47a are patterned in substantially the same pattern as the resist pattern 49. As a result, the conductive metal layer 46 forming a part of the linear conductor 41 is formed from the patterned metal film 46a. In addition, a first dark color layer 47 that forms a part of the linear conductor 41 is formed from the patterned dark color film 47a.

The etching method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be adopted. Known methods include, for example, wet etching using an etching solution, plasma etching, and the like. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the resist pattern 49 is removed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15, a second dark color layer 48 is formed on the surfaces 41a and the side surfaces 41c and 41d opposite to the surface 41b provided with the first dark color layer 47 of the conductive metal layer 46. In the second dark color layer 48, for example, a part of the material forming the conductive metal layer 46 is subjected to a darkening treatment (blackening treatment), and a metal oxide or metal sulfurization is formed from the part of the material forming the conductive metal layer 46. A second dark layer 48 made of an object can be formed. Further, a second dark color layer 48 may be provided on the surface of the conductive metal layer 46, such as a coating film of a dark color material or a plating layer such as nickel or chromium. Further, the surface of the conductive metal layer 46 may be roughened to provide the second dark color layer 48.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 16, the bonding layer 13 and the substrate 11 are laminated from the side of the heat generating conductor 30, and the sheet 20 with the conductor and the substrate 11 are bonded. Similarly, the bonding layer 14 and the substrate 12 are laminated from the side of the base film 21, and the sheet 20 with the conductor and the substrate 12 are bonded. As a result, the heating plate 10 shown in FIG. 3 is produced.

As described above, the pattern conductor 40 in the present embodiment includes the linear conductors 41 arranged in the overall pattern T, and the overall pattern T includes a plurality of constant small patterns P. According to such a pattern conductor 40, the pattern of the pattern conductor 40 to be actually designed can be a small pattern P instead of the entire pattern T, so that the design of the pattern conductor 40 can be simplified and the design cost can be reduced. It can be reduced.

Further, in the pattern conductor 40 of the present embodiment, the linear conductors 41 are irregularly arranged in the small pattern P. According to such a pattern conductor 40, it is possible to prevent problems such as light beam and flicker from occurring. Therefore, deterioration of visibility via the pattern conductor 40 can be avoided.

It is possible to make various changes to the above-described embodiment.

In the above-described embodiment, the overall pattern T forming the pattern conductor 40 includes a plurality of small patterns P of only one type, but the overall pattern T includes a plurality of small patterns, for example, two types of small patterns. A plurality of patterns P1 and P2 may be included.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the heating plate 10 includes the sheet 20 with a conductor having the base film 21, but heat is generated by peeling off the base film 21 in the manufacturing process. The base film 21 may not be present in the plate 10. In this case, the entire heat generating plate 10 can be made thinner and lighter. Further, the heat generated from the heat generating conductor 30 can be transferred to the entire heat generating plate 10 more quickly.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the heat generating plate 10 is formed in a curved surface is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example, and the heat generating plate 10 may be formed in a flat plate shape.

The heating plate 10 may be used for the rear window, the side window, or the sunroof of the automobile 1. Further, it may be used for a transparent portion of a window or a door of a vehicle such as a railroad vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, or a spaceship other than an automobile.

Further, the heating plate 10 is used not only for vehicles but also for places that separate indoors and outdoors, such as buildings, stores, transparent parts of windows or doors of houses, windows or doors of buildings, refrigerators, display boxes, cupboards, and the like. It can also be used for transparent parts of windows or doors of storage or storage equipment.

Although some modifications to the above-described embodiments have been described above, it is naturally possible to apply a plurality of modifications in combination as appropriate.

1 Automobile 5 Front window 7 Power supply 10 Heat-generating plate 11 Board 12 Board 13 Joining layer 14 Joining layer 15 Wiring part 20 Sheet with conductor 21 Base film 30 Heat-generating conductor 35 Bus bar 40 Pattern conductor 41 Linear conductor 42 Branch Point 43 Opening 44 Connection element 45 Gap 46 Conductive metal layer 47 First dark color layer 48 Second dark color layer 49 Resist pattern T Overall pattern P Small pattern

Claims (11)

With linear conductors arranged in the overall pattern,
The whole pattern is seen more containing a certain small pattern,
In the small pattern, a plurality of linear conductors, each extending in one direction, are arranged in the other direction orthogonal to the one direction.
Each linear conductor is connected to a linear conductor contained in another small pattern adjacent to the small pattern including the linear conductor at the end portion in the one direction.
The plurality of linear conductors are patterned conductors having different shapes from each other . The pattern conductor according to claim 1, wherein the small pattern is in contact with adjacent small patterns. The pattern conductor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the linear conductors are irregularly arranged in the small pattern. The pattern conductivity according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the small pattern, the position of the end portion of the linear conductor in the one direction is not constant among the plurality of linear conductors. body. The pattern conductivity according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein in the small pattern, the lengths of the linear conductors along the one direction are the same among the plurality of linear conductors. body. In the small pattern, the linear conductor has a wavy shape that alternately protrudes to one side and the other side in the other direction to form a convex portion.
The pattern conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein in the small pattern, the number of the convex portions is constant among the plurality of linear conductors. The pattern conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and
With a pair of busbars
The pattern conductor is a heat-generating conductor that connects the pair of bus bars. The heat-generating conductor according to claim 7 and
A sheet with a conductor and a base film. A pair of boards and
Wherein provided between the pair of substrates, heating conductor according to claim 7, or with a conductive body and seats according to claim 8, heating plate. A vehicle provided with the heating plate according to claim 9 . A building provided with the heating plate according to claim 9 .

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