JP6749447B2 - 無線神経完全性監視システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
無線神経完全性監視システムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6749447B2 JP6749447B2 JP2019050923A JP2019050923A JP6749447B2 JP 6749447 B2 JP6749447 B2 JP 6749447B2 JP 2019050923 A JP2019050923 A JP 2019050923A JP 2019050923 A JP2019050923 A JP 2019050923A JP 6749447 B2 JP6749447 B2 JP 6749447B2
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Description
[0048]手術室内の散らかりおよび/または時間の非効率性のどのようなものも解消および/または最小限にされ得ることは、病院関係者および患者両方にとって有利である。神経完全性監視(NIM)システムは、現在、広範なケーブル配線を有する。ケーブル配線のほとんどは、患者の筋肉内の神経活動が刺激された結果、誘発応答信号をセンサからNIMデバイスに送るまたは送出することに対応する。NIMシステムにおいて使用されるケーブルを低減および/または解消し、現在のNIMシステムに関連付けられた特定時間の不効率性を低減および/または最小限にし、電力消費を最小限にするさまざまな技術が、以下に開示される。
次の同期化(SYNC)要求信号が送信されるときとの間の時間遅延を決定することができる。これは、図18および22に対してより詳細に説明される。WIA16は、NIMデバイス18がレガシーハードウェアに対応することを可能にする。WIA16は、NIMデバイス18から外されてよく、従来の電極接続ボックスが、WIA16と同じNIMデバイス18のインターフェースを使用してWIA16に接続されてよい。WIA16は、(i)NIMデバイス18と(ii)センサ12、13および刺激プローブデバイス14との間に従来式に接続されたケーブルに置き換わる。これは、患者が位置する滅菌野を横断する(その中から外側に延びる)電線を解消する。
strength indication)(RSSI)を提供することができる。これは、複数のCIMのうちセンサが通信するCIMを決定するときに使用され得る。制御モジュール56は、SYNC要求信号および/または最大電力および/または信号強度を有するペイロード要求信号に対応するCIMを選択することができる。これは、(i)SYNC要求信号および/またはペイロード要求信号が送信されたチャネルを選択することと、(ii)そのチャネル上でCIMと通信することとを含むことができる。これは、制御モジュール56が、最も近い適切なCIMを選択することを可能にする。この選択は、センサがCIMと以前に通信されなかった場合、異なるWNIMネットワークに切り替えている場合、および/またはリセットされ、それによってセンサがCIMと通信する記録を有さない場合に実行され得る。1つの実施形態では、センサはリセットすることができない。
210、および/またはA/D変換器212は、制御モジュール202内にその一部として含まれてもよい。
者の体温を低下させ得る。研究では、患者が暖かく(たとえば、所定の温度の所定の範囲内または通常の体温、たとえば98.6°F(37℃)に)保たれる場合、より良好な結果が達成されることが示されている。患者の温度を維持するために、ヒータが使用されて、暖かい風を患者の下方に吹き付け、および/または患者が横たわる台の部分を暖めることができる。患者はまた、毛布で覆われても包まれてもよい。ヒータが壊れた場合、偶発的に接続が外れた場合、適切に設定されない場合、および/または不適切に作動する場合、患者の温度は降下し得る。残念なことに、ヒータが故障したときから、患者の温度低下が検出されるときまでに長い遅延時間が存在し得る。患者の温度低下が、たとえば外科医、または外科医のアシスタントによって検出されるまでに、患者の温度は、長時間にわたって所定の範囲を下回ることになり得る。
[0085]筋電図信号および温度を検出することに加えて、感知モジュール200は、心拍数、呼吸数、および/または筋肉けいれんなどの他のパラメータを検出することもできる。これらのパラメータは、図2〜3のセンサ、CIM52およびNIMデバイス54、162の制御モジュール202、102、140、164の1つまたは複数を介して決定され得る。NIMデバイス54、162は、警告信号を生成し、および/またはこれらのパラメータをディスプレイ146上に表示することができる。この情報はまた、患者が時期尚早に麻酔から覚め出すことの表示を早期にもたらすために使用され得る。電極62は、EMG目的、ならびに心拍数、呼吸数、および/または筋肉けいれん目的のために監視され得る。この情報を検出するために、センサは、患者の胴体に取り付けられ(または装着され)得る。
動して電力モジュール206を始動させる。始動時、電力モジュール206は、電力を制御モジュール202および/またはPHYモジュール204に供給することができる。
向に延び、接着層316の底部上の導電性パッド318と接続する。パッド318は、患者に取り付けられたとき、患者の皮膚と接触することができる。
ができる。電極346は、平行にEMGチューブ336に沿って延び、互いに接触しないように分離される。1つまたは複数の絶縁層352が、電極346上に施与されて、電極346との外部電気接触を防止することができる。絶縁層352の各々は、電極346の1つまたは複数を覆うことができ、EMGチューブ336の周りを完全に包まなくてよい。第1の組の接点348は、基板354(または印刷回路板)に連結されたばね式ピン要素347と電気的に接触している。電極346、第1の組の接点348、および第2の組の接点350の各々は、伝導性インクを含むことができる。絶縁層352は、非伝導性材料(たとえばゴム)から形成された非伝導性スタンプでよい。
SYNC要求は、ペイロード要求であり、SYNC信号として提供される。CIMまたはNIMデバイスは、空きチャネルを検索し(チャネルホップ)、使用されておらず、ノイズの量が最小であるチャネルを選択することができる。選択されたチャネルは、次いで、ブロードキャストチャネルとして使用されて、SYNC要求を、対応するWNIMシステム内のセンサおよび刺激プローブデバイスに送信することができる。CIMは、SYNC要求をアップデートし、アップデートされたSYNC要求を周期的に送信することができる。例として、CIMは、SYNC信号の各々の送信間で、所定量の時間(所定の間隔と称される)待機することができる。所定の間隔は、たとえば、4ミリ秒(ms)でよい。
または刺激プローブデバイスが、情報および/またはデータをCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイスに送信する速度(すなわちデータ速度)を示す。図示される例では、データ速度は、ビット11:10の値に応じて0、2.5kHz、5kHz、10kHzでよい。データ速度は、センサおよび/または刺激プローブデバイスの1つまたは複数の最大データ速度より小さく、またはこれと等しく設定され得る。1つの実施形態では、CIMまたはNIMデバイス状態ワードのビット11:10のデータ速度は、センサの最低の最大データ速度に設定されて、センサおよび/または刺激プローブデバイスのすべてに対応することができる。
を示す。対にされない場合、スロットは、センサに割り当てられず、ビット7:0は、センサが、CIMまたはNIMデバイスと通信する際に通信する管アドレスを示す。ビット9:8は、対応するスロットが、割り当てられるプロセスにおいて利用可能であるか、または割り当てられているかを示す。センサは、このスロットを選択するかを決定する際にこれらのビットを調べることができる。ビット11:10は、このスロットに割り当てられたセンサが、情報および/またはデータをCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイスに送信する速度を示す。ビット13:12は、スロットに割り当てられたセンサのタイプを示す。ビット14は利用されない。ビット15は、スロットに割り当てられたセンサに対応する刺激プローブデバイスがオンであるかを示す。スロットに割り当てられたセンサは、ビット15および/またはビット11:10に基づいて、オフ、スリープモード、低電力モード、および/または高電力モードの間で移行することができる。例として、ビット11:10がゼロのデータ速度を示すとき、センサはオフまたはスリープモードおよび/または低電力モードにあってよい。
[0139]無線プロトコルの追加の詳細が、図18および19に対して以下に説明される。図18は、WNIMネットワークに接続し、WNIMシステム内でCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイス(集合的に402で示される)と通信するセンサ400を示す単一の流れ図を示す。センサ400は、本明細書において開示される任意のセンサを指すことができる。同じようにして、CIMおよび/またはNIMデバイス402は、本明細書において開示される任意のCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイスを指すことができる。センサがデータペイロードを有するSYNC要求に応答する前に、接続プロセスが、実行される。接続は、センサとCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイスの間のリンクを確立し、センサおよびCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイス(および/またはCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイスにリンクされた他のセンサおよび/または刺激プローブデバイス)は、一緒になってWNIMネットワークを提供する。図18は、センサ400がWNIMネットワークに接続するために実行されるイベントの例となる順序を示し、作動の種々のモードがどのようにして得られるかについても示す。
または連続的にアップデートされ送信されて、スロットの状態を示す。WNIMネットワークに接続するために、センサ400は、すべての利用可能なスロットをチェックし、データペイロード信号をCIMおよび/またはNIMデバイス402に送信すべきタイムスロットを選択する。データペイロードを送信する前に、センサ400は、接続要求406を送ってWNIMネットワークに接続し、選択されたタイムスロット内で通信する。接続要求406は、選択されたタイムスロット内で送信されてよく、センサのSUID、選択されたタイムスロット、センサのタイプ、最小データ速度、および/またはセンサの最大データ速度を示す。1つの実施形態では、センサ400は、SUIDを選択されたタイムスロット内で送り、CIMおよび/またはNIMデバイス402は、センサのタイプおよびデータ速度の記録を有する。
受信する。NIMデバイスの制御モジュールは、データペイロードをセンサおよび刺激プローブデバイスから要求するペイロード要求信号を生成することができる。CIMの制御モジュール各々は、SYNC要求信号を生成することができ、この信号は、周期的に(たとえば、所定またはSYNC周期ごとに1回)送信され得る。
ーブ組立体の低プロファイルの変形形態を提供する。電源(または電池)720は、「平坦」または低プロファイルを有し、それによってハウジング702がハウジング332より低いプロファイルを有することを可能にする。電源720は、「フラットパック」電池、リチウムイオンポリマ(LiPON)電池、ウエーハスケール電池、または他の平面的なパッケージ化電源でよい。
る。キャパシタンスC1および抵抗R3、R5の各々は、端子803において互いに接続される。キャパシタンスC2および抵抗R4、R6の各々は、端子805において互いに接続される。
なハードウェア構成要素、またはシステムオンチップなどのような、上記の一部またはすべての組み合わせを指すことができ、その一部になることができ、または含むことができる。
コード、(v)HTML(ハイパーテキストマーク付け言語(hyper text markup language))またはXML(拡張可能なマーク付け言語(extensible markup language))などの構文解析するための記述テキストを含むことができる。例としてのみ、ソースコードは、C、C++、C#、オブジェクティブ−C、ハスケル(Haskell)、Go、SQL、リストプロセッシング(Lisp)、Java(登録商標)、ASP、パール(Perl)、Javascript(登録商標)、HTML5、Ada、ASP(アクティブサーバページ(active server page))、パール(Perl)、スカラ(Scala)、アーラン(Erlang)、ルビー(Ruby)、フラッシュ(Flash)(登録商標)、ビジュアルベーシック(登録商標)、ルア(Lua)またはパイソン(Python)(登録商標)で書かれてよい。
Claims (14)
- 神経完全性監視デバイスを備え、当該神経完全性監視デバイスが、
(i)ペイロード要求を生成することであって、前記ペイロード要求が、データペイロードを無線神経完全性監視ネットワーク内の無線センサに要求するものと、
(ii)ペイロード信号を生成することであって、前記ペイロード信号が、無線刺激プローブデバイスが、刺激パルスを生成するかを示すものと、
を行うように構成された、
制御モジュールと、
(i)前記ペイロード要求を前記無線センサに無線で送信し、及び、前記ペイロード信号を前記無線刺激プローブデバイスに無線で送信し、または(ii)前記ペイロード要求及び前記ペイロード信号をコンソールインターフェースモジュールに送信し、
前記ペイロード要求及びペイロード信号に応答して、(i)前記データペイロードを前記無線センサから受信し、(ii)刺激パルス情報を前記無線刺激プローブデバイスから受信する、
ように構成される、
物理層モジュールと、
を備え、
前記データペイロードは、患者の誘発応答に対応するデータを含み、前記誘発応答は、前記刺激パルスに基づいて生成され、
前記無線センサが、
前記患者からの第1の筋電図検査(EMG)信号を受信するように構成された複数の電極と、
前記複数の電極に接続されたセンサ制御モジュールであって、前記センサ制御モジュールが、前記第1の筋電図検査(EMG)信号に基づいて第1の電圧信号を生成するように構成されるものと、
センサ物理層モジュールであって、
前記コンソールインターフェースモジュール、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスから前記ペイロード要求を受信し、
前記ペイロード要求に基づいて、
(i)前記第1の電圧信号を、第1の無線周波数信号にアップコンバートし、且つ、
(ii)前記第1の無線周波数信号を、前記無線センサから、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールに、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスに、無線で送信する、
ように構成されるもの、
を備え、
前記無線刺激プローブデバイスが、
第1の電極と、
(i)前記コンソールインターフェースモジュール、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスから前記ペイロード信号を無線で受信し、
(ii)電圧又は電流量を、前記第1の電極に供給する、
ように構成された、
刺激モジュールと、
前記第1の電極に供給された、前記電圧又は前記電流量を示すパラメータ信号を生成するように構成された刺激プローブ制御モジュールと、
(i)前記パラメータ信号を、第2の無線周波数信号にアップコンバートし、且つ、
(ii)前記第2の無線周波数信号を、前記無線刺激プローブから、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュール、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスに、無線で送信する、
ように構成された、
刺激プローブ物理層モジュールと、
を備える、
無線神経完全性監視システム。 - 前記物理層モジュールが、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールに接続され、または前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールとは別個のものであり、そこから離れて遠隔に位置する、請求項1に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記刺激パルス情報が、前記刺激パルスの振幅および前記刺激パルスの持続時間を含む、請求項1または2のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード要求が、前記無線センサが前記データペイロードを前記物理層モジュールまたは前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールに送るときの第1のデータ速度を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード信号が、前記無線刺激プローブデバイスが、前記刺激パルス情報を前記物理層モジュールまたは前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールに送るときの第2のデータ速度を含む、請求項4に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード要求が、スロット状態ワードを含み、前記スロット状態ワードの各々は、タイムスロットが前記無線センサまたは別の無線センサに割り付けられているかを示す、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード要求が、一連の同期化間隔のうち、前記無線センサがデータを前記物理層モジュールまたは前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールに送信する間隔を示す要求シーケンサビットを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード要求が、前記無線センサの一意識別子を含む、または前記無線センサのタイプを示す、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記ペイロード要求が、複数の同期化間隔の各々内の複数のタイムスロットの各々が、割り当てられるプロセスにおいて利用可能であるか、または前記無線センサまたは別の無線センサに指定されているかを示す、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。
- 前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールをさらに含み、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールは、
(i)前記ペイロード要求及びペイロード信号を前記神経完全性監視デバイスから受信し、(ii)前記ペイロード要求及びペイロード信号内の情報を含む同期化要求を生成するように構成され、前記同期化要求が、(i)前記データペイロードを前記無線神経完全性監視システム内の前記無線センサから要求し、(ii)前記無線刺激プローブデバイスが、前記刺激パルスを生成するかを示す、コンソールインターフェース制御モジュールと、
前記同期化要求を前記無線センサおよび前記無線刺激プローブデバイスに無線で送信し、
前記同期化要求に応答して、(i)前記データペイロードを前記無線センサから無線で受信し、(ii)刺激パルス情報を前記無線刺激プローブデバイスから無線で受信するように構成され、前記データペイロードは、前記患者の前記誘発応答に対応するデータを含み、前記誘発応答は、前記刺激パルスに基づいて生成される、制御インターフェース物理層モジュールと、
を備える、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。 - 前記無線センサが、
前記複数の電極に接続されたフロントエンド回路と、
前記フロントエンド回路の出力を増幅するように構成された増幅器モジュールと、
前記増幅器モジュールの出力に基づいて、(i)前記複数の電極が、前記患者に取り付けられているかを検出し、(ii)前記複数の電極が前記患者に取り付けられているかを示す出力信号を生成するように構成された検出モジュールと、
をさらに備え、
前記センサ制御モジュールは、前記出力信号に基づいて前記第1の電圧信号を生成するように構成される、請求項1に記載の無線神経完全性監視システム。 - 無線センサで、ペイロード要求をコンソールインターフェースモジュールまたは神経完全性監視デバイスから受信するステップと、
前記無線センサの感知モジュールにおいて、第1の筋電図信号を複数の電極を介して受信するステップであって、前記感知モジュールは、前記複数の電極に直接的に接続される、ステップと、
前記第1の筋電図信号に基づいて、前記無線センサの前記感知モジュールで、第1の電圧信号を生成するステップと、
前記第1の電圧信号を、前記無線センサの前記感知モジュールで、第1の無線周波数信号にアップコンバートするステップと、
前記ペイロード要求に基づいて、前記第1の無線周波数信号を前記無線センサの前記感知モジュールから前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールまたは前記神経完全性監視デバイスに無線で送信するステップと、
無線刺激プローブで、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュール、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスから、ペイロード信号を無線で受信するステップと、
前記無線刺激プローブの刺激モジュールで、電圧又は電流量を、第1の電極に供給するステップと、
前記無線刺激プローブの刺激プローブ制御モジュールで、前記第1の電極に供給された前記電圧又は電流量を示す、パラメータ信号を生成するステップと、
前記パラメータ信号を、前記無線刺激プローブの刺激プローブ物理層モジュールで、第2の無線周波数信号にアップコンバートするステップと、
前記第2の無線周波数信号を、前記無線刺激プローブから、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュール、又は、前記神経完全性監視デバイスに、無線で送信するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記ペイロード要求が、第1のデータ速度を含み、当該データ速度において、前記感知モジュールが、データペイロードを、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールまたは前記神経完全性監視デバイスに通信することとなる、
請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記ペイロード信号が、第2のデータ速度を含み、当該第2のデータ速度において、前記刺激プローブが、前記第2の無線周波数信号を、前記コンソールインターフェースモジュールまたは前記神経完全性監視デバイスに通信することとなる、
請求項13に記載の方法。
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